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Zhang Y, Dong D, Zhang J, Cheng K, Zhen F, Li M, Chen B. Pathology and physiology of acid-sensitive ion channels in the bladder. Heliyon 2024; 10:e38031. [PMID: 39347393 PMCID: PMC11437851 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e38031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Acid-sensitive ion channels (ASICs) are sodium-permeable channels activated by extracellular acidification. They can be activated and trigger the inward flow of Na+ when the extracellular environment is acidic, leading to membrane depolarization and thus inducing action potentials in neurons. There are four ASIC genes in mammals (ASIC1-4). ASIC is widely expressed in humans. It is closely associated with pain, neurological disorders, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, migraines, and many other disorders. Bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis (BPS/IC) is a specific syndrome characterized by bladder pain. Recent studies have shown that ASICs are closely associated with the development of BPS/IC. A study revealed that ASIC levels are significantly elevated in a BPS/IC model. Additionally, researchers have reported differential changes in ASICs in the bladders of patients with neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD) caused by spinal cord injury (SCI). In this review, we summarize the structure and physiological functions of ASICs and focus on the mechanisms by which ASICs mediate bladder disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Di Dong
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jialong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kang Cheng
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fang Zhen
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mei Li
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Binghai Chen
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu University, China
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2
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Sivils A, Yang F, Wang JQ, Chu XP. Acid-Sensing Ion Channel 2: Function and Modulation. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12020113. [PMID: 35207035 PMCID: PMC8880099 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12020113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) have an important influence on human physiology and pathology. They are members of the degenerin/epithelial sodium channel family. Four genes encode at least six subunits, which combine to form a variety of homotrimers and heterotrimers. Of these, ASIC1a homotrimers and ASIC1a/2 heterotrimers are most widely expressed in the central nervous system (CNS). Investigations into the function of ASIC1a in the CNS have revealed a wealth of information, culminating in multiple contemporary reviews. The lesser-studied ASIC2 subunits are in need of examination. This review will focus on ASIC2 in health and disease, with discussions of its role in modulating ASIC function, synaptic targeting, cardiovascular responses, and pharmacology, while exploring evidence of its influence in pathologies such as ischemic brain injury, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, migraines, drug addiction, etc. This information substantiates the ASIC2 protein as a potential therapeutic target for various neurological, psychological, and cerebrovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiang-Ping Chu
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-816-235-2248; Fax: +1-816-235-6517
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3
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Tuo QZ, Zhang ST, Lei P. Mechanisms of neuronal cell death in ischemic stroke and their therapeutic implications. Med Res Rev 2021; 42:259-305. [PMID: 33957000 DOI: 10.1002/med.21817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke caused by arterial occlusion is the most common type of stroke, which is among the most frequent causes of disability and death worldwide. Current treatment approaches involve achieving rapid reperfusion either pharmacologically or surgically, both of which are time-sensitive; moreover, blood flow recanalization often causes ischemia/reperfusion injury. However, even though neuroprotective intervention is urgently needed in the event of stroke, the exact mechanisms of neuronal death during ischemic stroke are still unclear, and consequently, the capacity for drug development has remained limited. Multiple cell death pathways are implicated in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. Here, we have reviewed these potential neuronal death pathways, including intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis, necroptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, parthanatos, phagoptosis, and pyroptosis. We have also reviewed the latest results of pharmacological studies on ischemic stroke and summarized emerging drug targets with a focus on clinical trials. These observations may help to further understand the pathological events in ischemic stroke and bridge the gap between basic and translational research to reveal novel neuroprotective interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Zhang Tuo
- Department of Geriatrics and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shu-Ting Zhang
- Department of Neurology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Peng Lei
- Department of Neurology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
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Properties of Calmodulin Binding to Na V1.2 IQ Motif and Its Autism-Associated Mutation R1902C. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:523-534. [PMID: 33394222 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-03189-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) are fundamental to the initiation and propagation of action potentials in excitable cells. Ca2+/calmodulin (CaM) binds to VGSC type II (NaV1.2) isoleucine and glutamine (IQ) motif. An autism-associated mutation in NaV1.2 IQ motif, Arg1902Cys (R1902C), has been reported to affect the combination between CaM and the IQ motif compared to that of the wild type IQ motif. However, the detailed properties for the Ca2+-regulated binding of CaM to NaV1.2 IQ (1901Lys-1927Lys, IQwt) and mutant IQ motif (IQR1902C) remains unclear. Here, the binding ability of CaM and CaM's constituent proteins including N- and C lobe to the IQ motif of NaV1.2 and its mutant was investigated by protein pull-down experiments. We discovered that the combination between CaM and the IQ motif was U-shaped with the highest at [Ca2+] ≈ free and the lowest at 100 nM [Ca2+]. In the IQR1902C mutant, Ca2+-dependence of CaM binding was nearly lost. Consequently, the binding of CaM to IQR1902C at 100 and 500 nM [Ca2+] was increased compared to that of IQwt. Both N- and C lobe of CaM could bind with NaV1.2 IQ motif and IQR1902C mutant, with the major effect of C lobe. Furthermore, CaMKII had no impact on the binding between CaM and NaV1.2 IQ motif. This research offers novel insight to the regulation of NaV1.2 IQwt and IQR1902C motif, an autism-associated mutation, by CaM.
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Kim YH, Lee KS, Kim YS, Kim YH, Kim JH. Effects of hypoxic preconditioning on memory evaluated using the T-maze behavior test. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2019; 23:10-17. [PMID: 30834154 PMCID: PMC6394327 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2018.1557743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Perioperative brain ischemia and stroke are leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Brief hypoxic preconditioning is known to have protective effects against hypoxic-ischemic insult in the brain. Current studies on the neuroprotective effects of ischemic preconditioning are based on histologic findings and biomarker changes. However, studies regarding effects on memory are rare. To precondition zebrafish to hypoxia, they were exposed to a dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration of 1.0 ± 0.5 mg/L in water for 30 s. The hypoxic zebrafish were then exposed to 1.0 ± 0.5 mg/L DO until the third stage of hypoxia, for 10 min ± 30 s. Zebrafish were assessed for memory retention after the hypoxic event. Learning and memory were tested using the T-maze, which evaluates memory based on whether or not zebrafish moves to the correct target compartment. In the hypoxic preconditioning group, infarct size was reduced compared with the hypoxic-only treated zebrafish group; memory was maintained to a degree similar to that in the hypoxia-untreated group. The hypoxic-only group showed significant memory impairments. In this study, we used a hypoxic zebrafish model and assessed the effects of ischemic preconditioning not only on histological damages but also on brain function, especially memory. This study demonstrated that a brief hypoxic event has protective effects in hypoxic brain damage and helped maintain memory in zebrafish. In addition, our findings suggest that the zebrafish model is useful in rapidly assessing the effects of ischemic preconditioning on memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Hee Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | - Kuen-Su Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | - Young-Sung Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeon-Hwa Kim
- Institute of Medical Science, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - Jae-Hwan Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
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Wang L, Yi Y, Yao Y, Feng G, Shu C, Wang H, Zhang X. Walnut oil improves spatial memory in rats and increases the expression of acid-sensing ion channel genes Asic2a and Asic4. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:293-301. [PMID: 30680184 PMCID: PMC6341134 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although Walnut oil (WO) has been reported to enhance cognitive function, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not well understood. This study was designed to assess the effects of WO on spatial memory in rats through modulation of the expression of acid-sensing ion channel genes, Asic2a and Asic4. To investigate the effect of WO on cognitive performance, we supplemented the diet of female rats with WO. The results showed that supplementation with WO at doses of 2.2 and 11 g kg-1 day-1 significantly improved learning and memory. In vitro treatment of rat hippocampal neuronal cells with appropriate doses of WO revealed a significant increase in the expression of Asic2a and Asic4 in a dose-dependent manner at both the mRNA and protein levels. We conclude that WO intake might help to prevent cognitive decline, particularly in the elderly, and that ASIC genes in neurons can be the targets of compounds contained in the oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li‐Mei Wang
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical EngineeringWuhan Polytechnic UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural ProductsWuhan Polytechnic UniversityWuhanChina
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil(Wuhan Polytechnic University)of Ministry of Education in ChinaWuhanChina
| | - Yang Yi
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural ProductsWuhan Polytechnic UniversityWuhanChina
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil(Wuhan Polytechnic University)of Ministry of Education in ChinaWuhanChina
- College of Food Science and EngineeringWuhan Polytechnic UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yi‐Lan Yao
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical EngineeringWuhan Polytechnic UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Ge Feng
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical EngineeringWuhan Polytechnic UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Chang Shu
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical EngineeringWuhan Polytechnic UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Hong‐Xun Wang
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical EngineeringWuhan Polytechnic UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural ProductsWuhan Polytechnic UniversityWuhanChina
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil(Wuhan Polytechnic University)of Ministry of Education in ChinaWuhanChina
| | - Xi‐Feng Zhang
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical EngineeringWuhan Polytechnic UniversityWuhanChina
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The Effect of Ca 2+, Lobe-Specificity, and CaMKII on CaM Binding to Na V1.1. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092495. [PMID: 30142967 PMCID: PMC6165294 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Calmodulin (CaM) is well known as an activator of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII). Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) are basic signaling molecules in excitable cells and are crucial molecular targets for nervous system agents. However, the way in which Ca2+/CaM/CaMKII cascade modulates NaV1.1 IQ (isoleucine and glutamine) domain of VGSCs remains obscure. In this study, the binding of CaM, its mutants at calcium binding sites (CaM12, CaM34, and CaM1234), and truncated proteins (N-lobe and C-lobe) to NaV1.1 IQ domain were detected by pull-down assay. Our data showed that the binding of Ca2+/CaM to the NaV1.1 IQ was concentration-dependent. ApoCaM (Ca2+-free form of calmodulin) bound to NaV1.1 IQ domain preferentially more than Ca2+/CaM. Additionally, the C-lobe of CaM was the predominant domain involved in apoCaM binding to NaV1.1 IQ domain. By contrast, the N-lobe of CaM was predominant in the binding of Ca2+/CaM to NaV1.1 IQ domain. Moreover, CaMKII-mediated phosphorylation increased the binding of Ca2+/CaM to NaV1.1 IQ domain due to one or several phosphorylation sites in T1909, S1918, and T1934 of NaV1.1 IQ domain. This study provides novel mechanisms for the modulation of NaV1.1 by the Ca2+/CaM/CaMKII axis. For the first time, we uncover the effect of Ca2+, lobe-specificity and CaMKII on CaM binding to NaV1.1.
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Lee JC, Shin BN, Cho JH, Lee TK, Kim IH, Noh Y, Kim SS, Lee HA, Kim YM, Kim H, Cho JH, Park JH, Ahn JH, Kang IJ, Hwang IK, Won MH, Shin MC. Brain ischemic preconditioning protects against moderate, not severe, transient global cerebral ischemic injury. Metab Brain Dis 2018; 33:1193-1201. [PMID: 29644488 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-018-0231-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) in the brain increases ischemic tolerance to subsequent ischemic insults. In this study, we examined whether IPC protects neurons and attenuates microgliosis or not in the hippocampus following severe transient global cerebral ischemia (TCI) in gerbils. Gerbils were assigned to 8 groups; 5- and 15-min sham operated groups, 5-min and 15-min TCI operated groups, IPC plus 5- and 15-min sham operated groups, and IPC plus 5- and 15-min TCI operated groups. IPC was induced by subjecting animals to 2-min transient ischemia 1 day before 5-min TCI for a typical transient ischemia and 15-min TCI for severe transient ischemia. Neuronal damage was examined by cresyl violet staining and Fluoro-Jade B histofluorescence staining. In addition, microglial activation was examined using immunohistochemistry for Iba-1 (a marker for microglia). Delayed neuronal death and microgliosis was found in the CA1 alone in the 5-min TCI operated group at 5 days post-ischemia, and, in the 15-min TCI operated group, neuronal death and microgliosis was shown in all CA areas (CA1-3) and the dentate gyrus. IPC displayed neuroprotection and attenuated microglial activation in the 5-min TCI operated group. However, in the 15-min TCI operated group, IPC did not show neuroprotection and not attenuate microglial activation. Our present findings indicate that IPC hardly protect against severe transient cerebral ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Chul Lee
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Bich-Na Shin
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hwi Cho
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Kyeong Lee
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - In Hye Kim
- Famenity Company, Gwacheon, 13837, Republic of Korea
| | - YooHun Noh
- Famenity Company, Gwacheon, 13837, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Su Kim
- Famenity Company, Gwacheon, 13837, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyang-Ah Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Myeong Kim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeyoung Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chungju Hospital, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Chungju, 27376, Republic of Korea
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kangwon National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hwi Cho
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kangwon National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Ha Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyeon Ahn
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Jun Kang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - In Koo Hwang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Moo-Ho Won
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea.
| | - Myoung Cheol Shin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kangwon National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
Oncotic cell death or oncosis represents a major mechanism of cell death in ischaemic stroke, occurring in many central nervous system (CNS) cell types including neurons, glia and vascular endothelial cells. In stroke, energy depletion causes ionic pump failure and disrupts ionic homeostasis. Imbalance between the influx of Na+ and Cl- ions and the efflux of K+ ions through various channel proteins and transporters creates a transmembrane osmotic gradient, with ensuing movement of water into the cells, resulting in cell swelling and oncosis. Oncosis is a key mediator of cerebral oedema in ischaemic stroke, contributing directly through cytotoxic oedema, and indirectly through vasogenic oedema by causing vascular endothelial cell death and disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Hence, inhibition of uncontrolled ionic flux represents a novel and powerful strategy in achieving neuroprotection in stroke. In this review, we provide an overview of oncotic cell death in the pathology of stroke. Importantly, we summarised the therapeutically significant pathways of water, Na+, Cl- and K+ movement across cell membranes in the CNS and their respective roles in the pathobiology of stroke.
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Zhou RP, Ni WL, Dai BB, Wu XS, Wang ZS, Xie YY, Wang ZQ, Yang WJ, Ge JF, Hu W, Chen FH. ASIC2a overexpression enhances the protective effect of PcTx1 and APETx2 against acidosis-induced articular chondrocyte apoptosis and cytotoxicity. Gene 2017; 642:230-240. [PMID: 29141196 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Acid hydrarthrosis is another important pathological character in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a) plays a destructive role in acidosis-induced articular chondrocyte cytotoxicity. Recently, ASIC2a has been reported to possess neuroprotective effect on acidosis-induced injury of neuronal cells. However, whether ASIC2a has an enhanced effect on the protective effect of blocking ASIC1a and ASIC3 against acid-induced chondrocyte apoptosis is still unclear. The aim of present study was to investigate the chondroprotective effect of ASIC2a with PcTx1 (ASIC1a specific blocker) and APETx2 (ASIC3 specific blocker) on acidosis-induced chondrocyte apoptosis. Our results revealed that acid (pH 6.0) decreased the cell viability and induced apoptosis of articular chondrocytes. PcTx1 and APETx2 combination significantly attenuated acidosis-induced chondrocyte cytotoxicity due to inhibit apoptosis, and this role could be enhanced by ASIC2a overexpression compared with the PcTx1 and APETx2 combination alone group. Moreover, both the [Ca2+]i levels and the levels of phosphorylated ERK1/2 as well as p38 were further reduced in acidosis-induced chondrocytes after ASIC2a overexpression in the presence of PcTx1 and APETx2. Furthermore, ASIC2a overexpression also reduced acid-induced the expression of ASIC1a. In addition, ASIC2a overexpression further promoted the PcTx1 and APETx2-increased levels of type II collagen in acidosis-induced chondrocytes. Taken together, the current data suggested that ASIC2a overexpression might enhance the anti-apoptotic and protective role of PcTx1 and APETx2 against acid-induced rat articular chondrocyte apoptosis by regulating ASIC1a expression and the [Ca2+]i levels and at least in part, suppressing p38 and ERK1/2 MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Peng Zhou
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Wen-Lin Ni
- Pharmaceutical Preparation Section, Tongling Fourth People's Hospital, Tongling 244000, China
| | - Bei-Bei Dai
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xiao-Shan Wu
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Zhi-Sen Wang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ya-Ya Xie
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Wang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Wei-Jie Yang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jin-Fang Ge
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China.
| | - Fei-Hu Chen
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China.
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Randhawa PK, Jaggi AS. A Review on Potential Involvement of TRPV1 Channels in Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2017; 23:38-45. [DOI: 10.1177/1074248417707050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Besides functioning as thermosensors, transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channels play a pivotal role in ischemia–reperfusion injury. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 channel activation attenuates ischemia–reperfusion-induced injury in various organs including the heart, lungs, kidneys, and the brain. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 channels are expressed on the sensory neurons innervating the myocardium, ventricles of the heart, epicardial surface of the heart, endothelial cells, and the vascular smooth muscle cells. During ischemic conditions, activation of TRPV1 channels on the perivascular nerves stimulates the release of calcitonin gene-related peptide and substance P to produce cardioprotection. Furthermore, TRPV1 channel activation reduces the generation of free radicals and inflammatory cytokines, inhibits neutrophil infiltration, and enhances the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines to reduce ischemia–reperfusion-induced tissue injury. The present review describes the potential involvement of TRPV1 channels and the signaling cascade in attenuating ischemia–reperfusion injury in various organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puneet Kaur Randhawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University Patiala, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Amteshwar Singh Jaggi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University Patiala, Patiala, Punjab, India
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13
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Hye Kim I, Lee JC, Ha Park J, Hyeon Ahn J, Cho JH, Hui Chen B, Na Shin B, Chun Yan B, Rueol Ryu D, Hong S, Hwi Cho J, Lyul Lee Y, Kim YM, Cho BR, Won MH. Time interval after ischaemic preconditioning affects neuroprotection and gliosis in the gerbil hippocampal CA1 region induced by transient cerebral ischaemia. Neurol Res 2016; 38:210-9. [DOI: 10.1179/1743132815y.0000000098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Therapeutic Effect Analysis of Sinomenine on Rat Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2016; 25:1263-1269. [PMID: 26971038 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2016.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to investigate the therapeutic effect of sinomenine (SIN) on rat cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury and the molecular mechanism. METHODS One hundred thirty-five rats were equally randomized into sham-operated group, middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) group, and SIN group, and reversible rat MCAO model was made according to the Longa method for the MCAO and SIN groups. Then, 15 rats from each group were decapitated at 6, 12, and 24 hours after reperfusion to obtain brain tissue samples. Rats in the SIN group were injected with sinomenine by tail vein (90 mg/kg) 1 hour before ischemia; rats in the MCAO and sham-operated groups were administrated with the same volume of saline. Neurological severity score (NSS), infarction volume, ischemic brain water content, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability were determined at corresponding time points. Acid-sensing ion channel (ASIC) 1a mRNA level was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction; ischemic brain contents of lactic acid (LD), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), ATPase, and inflammatory factors were determined by spectrophotometric method. RESULTS At 12 hours after reperfusion and since then, NSS in the SIN group decreased obviously; infarction volume, brain water content, and BBB permeability in the SIN group were lower than those in the MCAO group (P < .05). IR injury resulted in the upregulation of the contents of ASIC1a mRNA, LD, LDH, and inflammatory factors and the downregulation of the contents of ATPase, while SIN could reverse the upregulation/downregulation effect induced by IR injury (P < .05). CONCLUSION Through its anti-inflammation effect, which alleviates acidosis, improves energy metabolism, and inhibits ASIC1a level, SIN protects ischemic rat brain against cerebral IR injury.
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Radu BM, Banciu A, Banciu DD, Radu M. Acid-Sensing Ion Channels as Potential Pharmacological Targets in Peripheral and Central Nervous System Diseases. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2015; 103:137-67. [PMID: 26920689 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are widely expressed in the body and represent good sensors for detecting protons. The pH drop in the nervous system is equivalent to ischemia and acidosis, and ASICs are very good detectors in discriminating slight changes in acidity. ASICs are important pharmacological targets being involved in a variety of pathophysiological processes affecting both the peripheral nervous system (e.g., peripheral pain, diabetic neuropathy) and the central nervous system (e.g., stroke, epilepsy, migraine, anxiety, fear, depression, neurodegenerative diseases, etc.). This review discusses the role played by ASICs in different pathologies and the pharmacological agents acting on ASICs that might represent promising drugs. As the majority of above-mentioned pathologies involve not only neuronal dysfunctions but also microvascular alterations, in the next future, ASICs may be also considered as potential pharmacological targets at the vasculature level. Perspectives and limitations in the use of ASICs antagonists and modulators as pharmaceutical agents are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Mihaela Radu
- Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Anatomy, Animal Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adela Banciu
- Department of Anatomy, Animal Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Daniel Dumitru Banciu
- Department of Anatomy, Animal Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihai Radu
- Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Life and Environmental Physics, 'Horia Hulubei' National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Magurele, Romania.
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Cuomo O, Vinciguerra A, Cerullo P, Anzilotti S, Brancaccio P, Bilo L, Scorziello A, Molinaro P, Di Renzo G, Pignataro G. Ionic homeostasis in brain conditioning. Front Neurosci 2015; 9:277. [PMID: 26321902 PMCID: PMC4530315 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2015.00277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Most of the current focus on developing neuroprotective therapies is aimed at preventing neuronal death. However, these approaches have not been successful despite many years of clinical trials mainly because the numerous side effects observed in humans and absent in animals used at preclinical level. Recently, the research in this field aims to overcome this problem by developing strategies which induce, mimic, or boost endogenous protective responses and thus do not interfere with physiological neurotransmission. Preconditioning is a protective strategy in which a subliminal stimulus is applied before a subsequent harmful stimulus, thus inducing a state of tolerance in which the injury inflicted by the challenge is mitigated. Tolerance may be observed in ischemia, seizure, and infection. Since it requires protein synthesis, it confers delayed and temporary neuroprotection, taking hours to develop, with a pick at 1–3 days. A new promising approach for neuroprotection derives from post-conditioning, in which neuroprotection is achieved by a modified reperfusion subsequent to a prolonged ischemic episode. Many pathways have been proposed as plausible mechanisms to explain the neuroprotection offered by preconditioning and post-conditioning. Although the mechanisms through which these two endogenous protective strategies exert their effects are not yet fully understood, recent evidence highlights that the maintenance of ionic homeostasis plays a key role in propagating these neuroprotective phenomena. The present article will review the role of protein transporters and ionic channels involved in the control of ionic homeostasis in the neuroprotective effect of ischemic preconditioning and post-conditioning in adult brain, with particular regards to the Na+/Ca2+ exchangers (NCX), the plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase (PMCA), the Na+/H+ exchange (NHE), the Na+/K+/2Cl− cotransport (NKCC) and the acid-sensing cation channels (ASIC). Ischemic stroke is the third leading cause of death and disability. Up until now, all clinical trials testing potential stroke neuroprotectants failed. For this reason attention of researchers has been focusing on the identification of brain endogenous neuroprotective mechanisms activated after cerebral ischemia. In this context, ischemic preconditioning and ischemic post-conditioning represent two neuroprotecive strategies to investigate in order to identify new molecular target to reduce the ischemic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ornella Cuomo
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, Federico II University of Naples Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Vinciguerra
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, Federico II University of Naples Naples, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Cerullo
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, Federico II University of Naples Naples, Italy
| | | | - Paola Brancaccio
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, Federico II University of Naples Naples, Italy
| | - Leonilda Bilo
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, Federico II University of Naples Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Scorziello
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, Federico II University of Naples Naples, Italy
| | - Pasquale Molinaro
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, Federico II University of Naples Naples, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Di Renzo
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, Federico II University of Naples Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pignataro
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, Federico II University of Naples Naples, Italy
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Zhao JH, Meng XL, Zhang J, Li YL, Li YJ, Fan ZM. Oxygen glucose deprivation post-conditioning protects cortical neurons against oxygen-glucose deprivation injury: role of HSP70 and inhibition of apoptosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 34:18-22. [PMID: 24496673 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-014-1225-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we examined the effect of oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) post-conditioning (PostC) on neural cell apoptosis in OGD-PostC model and the protective effect on primary cortical neurons against OGD injury in vitro. Four-h OGD was induced by OGD by using a specialized and humidified chamber. To initiate OGD, culture medium was replaced with de-oxygenated and glucose-free extracellular solution-Locke's medium. After OGD treatment for 4 h, cells were then allowed to recover for 6 h or 20 h. Then lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay, Western blotting and flow cytometry were used to detect cell death, protein levels and apoptotic cells, respectively. For the PostC treatment, three cycles of 15-min OGD, followed by 15 min normal cultivation, were applied immediately after injurious 4-h OGD. Cells were then allowed to recover for 6 h or 20 h, and cell death was assessed by LDH release assay. Apoptotic cells were flow cytometrically evaluated after 4-h OGD, followed by re-oxygenation for 20 h (O4/R20). In addition, Western blotting was used to examine the expression of heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70), Bcl-2 and Bax. The ratio of Bcl-2 expression was (0.44±0.08)% and (0.76±0.10)%, and that of Bax expression was (0.51±0.05)% and (0.39±0.04)%, and that of HSP70 was (0.42±0.031)% and (0.72±0.045)% respectively in OGD group and PostC group. After O4/R6, the rate of neuron death in PostC group and OGD groups was (28.96±3.03)% and (37.02±4.47)%, respectively. Therefore, the PostC treatment could up-regulate the expression of HSP70 and Bcl-2, but down-regulate Bax expression. As compared with OGD group, OGD-induced neuron death and apoptosis were significantly decreased in PostC group (P<0.05). These findings suggest that PostC inhibited OGD-induced neuron death. This neuro-protective effect is likely achieved by anti-apoptotic mechanisms and is associated with over-expression of HSP70.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Hua Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China.
| | - Xian-Li Meng
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Yong-Li Li
- Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Yue-Juan Li
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Zhe-Ming Fan
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
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Awooda HA. Down-regulation of Rho-kinases induce tolerance in Ischemic preconditioning model after transient cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in rats. Health (London) 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2013.57a5002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Bin J, Wang Q, Zhuo YY, Xu JP, Zhang HT. Piperphentonamine (PPTA) attenuated cerebral ischemia-induced memory deficits via neuroprotection associated with anti-apoptotic activity. Metab Brain Dis 2012; 27:495-505. [PMID: 22843383 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-012-9330-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The calcium sensitizers levosimendan and piperphentonamine hydrochloride (PPTA) are used as cardiovascular drugs for treatment of heart failure. Given that levosimendan has been reported to exhibit a neuroprotective profile in a model of traumatic brain injury, it was interesting to know whether PPTA, a new calcium sensitizer recently developed in China, exerts a similar effect. The objective of this study was to determine whether PPTA exhibited neuroprotective effects and whether these properties were associated with memory. Four-vessel occlusion (4-VO) was used to induce global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats treated with or without PPTA (5, 10 mg/kg, i.p., 2 h after the onset of reperfusion and then once a day for 15 consecutive days). Memory was measured using the step-through passive avoidance test. Neurochemical changes were examined in rat PC12 cells treated with oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) for 4 h followed by reoxygenation (OGD-R) for 24 h, in the absence or presence of PPTA. In vehicle-treated animals, 4-VO for 10 min produced memory deficits, as demonstrated by decreased retention in step-through passive avoidance, and massive neuron loss in the hippocampal CA1 subregion. These effects were attenuated by PPTA. The results were consistent with those observed in PC12 cells. PPTA treatment increased cell viability, as indicated by MTT assay, inhibited apoptosis, and decreased extracellular lactate dehydrogenase levels in Na(2)S(2)O(4)-treated PC12 cells. These results provide novel demonstration for the ability of PPTA to attenuate cerebral ischemia-induced memory deficits via neuroprotection in the hippocampus. The neuroprotective effect of PPTA appears to be associated with its anti-apoptotic activity. PPTA has the therapeutic potential for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Bin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
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Neuroprotective effects of ischemic preconditioning and postconditioning on global brain ischemia in rats through the same effect on inhibition of apoptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:6089-6101. [PMID: 22754351 PMCID: PMC3382765 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13056089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Revised: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 05/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient forebrain or global ischemia induces neuronal death in vulnerable CA1 pyramidal cells with many features. A brief period of ischemia, i.e., ischemic preconditioning, or a modified reperfusion such as ischemic postconditioning, can afford robust protection of CA1 neurons against ischemic challenge. Therefore, we investigated the effect of ischemic preconditioning and postconditioning on neural cell apoptosis in rats. The result showed that both ischemic preconditioning and postconditioning may attenuate the neural cell death and DNA fragment in the hippocampal CA1 region. Further western blot study suggested that ischemic preconditioning and postconditioning down-regulates the protein of cleaved caspase-3, caspase-6, caspase-9 and Bax, but up-regulates the protein Bcl-2. These findings suggest that ischemic preconditioning and postconditioning have a neuroprotective role on global brain ischemia in rats through the same effect on inhibition of apoptosis.
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The effect of ischemic post-conditioning on hippocampal cell apoptosis following global brain ischemia in rats. J Clin Neurosci 2012; 19:570-3. [PMID: 22300791 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2011.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2010] [Revised: 07/11/2011] [Accepted: 07/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the effect of brain ischemic post-conditioning on cell apoptosis in the hippocampus following global brain ischemia in rats. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=15/group): sham operation, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) and ischemic post-conditioning (I PostC). Global brain ischemia was induced by four-vessel occlusion. Ischemic post-conditioning consisted of six cycles of 10s/10s reperfusion/reocclusion at the onset of reperfusion. All rats were sacrificed 24 hours or 72 hours after reperfusion. The hippocampal CA1 regions were analysed using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated biotinylated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end-labelling (Tunel) staining technique for determining cell apoptosis. Levels of caspase-3 and Bcl-2 were measured by Western blotting. After 72 hours, fewer Tunel-positive brain cells were observed in rats from the I PostC group than in rats from the I/R group (10.3 ± 2.7% versus 40.8 ± 6.2%, p<0.01). After reperfusion at 24 hours and 72 hours, expression of caspase-3 in the I PostC group was significantly decreased (p<0.01) and expression of Bcl-2 in the I PostC group was significantly increased (p<0.01) compared with the I/R group. We conclude that down-regulation of caspase-3 and up-regulation of Bcl-2 by ischemic post-conditioning may underlie the protective effects of post-conditioning.
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Yifeng M, Bin W, Weiqiao Z, Yongming Q, Bing L, Xiaojie L. Neuroprotective effect of sophocarpine against transient focal cerebral ischemia via down-regulation of the acid-sensing ion channel 1 in rats. Brain Res 2011; 1382:245-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2011.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2010] [Revised: 01/02/2011] [Accepted: 01/04/2011] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Zhang W, Miao Y, Zhou S, Wang B, Luo Q, Qiu Y. Involvement of Glutamate transporter-1 in neuroprotection against global brain ischemia-reperfusion injury induced by postconditioning in rats. Int J Mol Sci 2010; 11:4407-16. [PMID: 21151445 PMCID: PMC3000089 DOI: 10.3390/ijms11114407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2010] [Revised: 10/01/2010] [Accepted: 10/22/2010] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic postconditioning refers to several transient reperfusion and ischemia cycles after an ischemic event and before a long duration of reperfusion. The procedure produces neuroprotective effects. The mechanisms underlying these neuroprotective effects are poorly understood. In this study, we found that most neurons in the CA1 region died after 10 minutes of ischemia and is followed by 72 hours of reperfusion. However, brain ischemic postconditioning (six cycles of 10 s/10 s reperfusion/re-occlusion) significantly reduced neuronal death. Significant up-regulation of Glutamate transporter-1 was found after 3, 6, 24, 72 hours of reperfusion. The present study showed that ischemic postconditioning decreases cell death and that upregulation of GLT-1 expression may play an important role on this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqiao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China; E-Mails: (W.Z.); (Y.M.); (B.W.); (Q.L.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, YuYao People’s Hospital, Zhejiang Province, 315400, China; E-Mail: (S.Z.)
| | - Yifeng Miao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China; E-Mails: (W.Z.); (Y.M.); (B.W.); (Q.L.)
| | - Sanquan Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, YuYao People’s Hospital, Zhejiang Province, 315400, China; E-Mail: (S.Z.)
| | - Baofeng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China; E-Mails: (W.Z.); (Y.M.); (B.W.); (Q.L.)
| | - Qizhong Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China; E-Mails: (W.Z.); (Y.M.); (B.W.); (Q.L.)
| | - Yongming Qiu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China; E-Mails: (W.Z.); (Y.M.); (B.W.); (Q.L.)
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Yannopoulos FS, Mäkelä T, Niemelä E, Tuominen H, Lepola P, Alestalo K, Kaakinen H, Kiviluoma K, Anttila V, Juvonen T. Improved cerebral recovery from hypothermic circulatory arrest after remote ischemic preconditioning. Ann Thorac Surg 2010; 90:182-8. [PMID: 20609771 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2010.03.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2010] [Revised: 03/11/2010] [Accepted: 03/16/2010] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Remote ischemic preconditioning is a novel method of reducing ischemia-reperfusion injury in which a transient ischemic period of the limb provides systemic protection against a prolonged ischemic insult. This method of preconditioning has shown some potential in ameliorating ischemia-related injury in various organs and experimental settings. We hypothesized that remote ischemic preconditioning might also improve the recovery from hypothermic circulatory arrest (HCA). METHODS Twenty-four juvenile pigs underwent 60 minutes of HCA at 18 degrees C with either transient right hind leg ischemic preconditioning or no ischemic preconditioning. Preconditioning was induced by four cycles of 5-minute ischemia periods with three 5-minute reperfusion periods in between. Microdialysis and electroencephalography (EEG) data were recorded to detect any possible changes during the recovery phase. RESULTS The EEG data showed that the remote ischemic preconditioning group had significantly better EEG recovery time and a lower burst suppression ratio throughout the follow-up period. Cerebral extracellular glucose and glycerol content rose significantly immediately after HCA in the control group compared with the remote ischemic preconditioning group, and significantly higher lactate concentrations were measured in the control group at 5 and 6 hours after reperfusion, indicating a difference in cerebral metabolism. CONCLUSIONS Our data imply that remote ischemic preconditioning improves the recovery from HCA. It provides a faster recovery of cortical neuronal activity and protection against potential oxygen radical-mediated ischemia damage during and after HCA. In addition, it seems to protect from a late phase lactate and pyruvate burst, mitigating possible damage from an anaerobic metabolism phase.
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