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Chiarello M, Anfossi L, Cavalera S, Di Nardo F, Serra T, Sordello F, Baggiani C. Rabbit IgG-imprinted nanoMIPs by solid phase synthesis: the effect of cross-linkers on their affinity and selectivity. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:6724-6731. [PMID: 35343553 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb00245k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Solid phase synthesis (SPS) of molecularly imprinted nanopolymers (nanoMIPs) represents an innovative method to prepare nanomaterials with tailor-made molecular recognition properties towards peptides and proteins. The synthesis of nanoMIPs by SPS usually involves a pre-polymerization formulation, where the cross-linker is invariably N,N'-methylen-bis-acrylamide (BIS). To date, the effect of cross-linkers on the binding properties of nanoMIPs prepared using cross-linkers other than BIS has never been reported. In this work, in order to investigate the effect of different cross-linkers in protein-imprinted nanoMIPs prepared by SPS, alongside BIS we considered other similar cross-linkers: N,N'-ethylene dimethacrylamide (EDAM), N,O-bis-methacryloylethanolamine (NOBE), ethylene glycol dimethacrilate (EDMA) and glycerol dimethacrylate (GDMA), replacing BIS with them in pre-polymerization mixtures. The synthetized nanoMIPs were homogeneous, with a polydispersity index of 0.24-0.30 and a mean diameter of 129-169 nm in water. The binding properties of the nanoMIPs were measured via equilibrium partition experiments with the template, rabbit IgG (RIgG), and the selectivity was evaluated with respect to bovine IgG (BIgG), bovine serum albumin (BSA) and hen egg lysozyme (LZM). The experimental results show that all the cross-linkers, with the exception of EDMA, endowed nanoMIPs with high binding affinities for the template (BIS: 16.0 × 106 mol-1 L, EDAM: 8.8 × 106 mol-1 L, NOBE: 15.8 × 106 mol-1 L, and GDMA: 12.8 × 106 mol-1 L), medium to high imprinting factors (BIS: 12.3, EDAM: 5.5, NOBE: 7.2, and GDMA: 11.6) and good selectivity towards other proteins but markedly dependent on the structure of the cross-linker, confirming the importance of the latter in the SPS of imprinted nanopolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Chiarello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Giuria 7, 10125 - Torino, Italy.
| | - Laura Anfossi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Giuria 7, 10125 - Torino, Italy.
| | - Simone Cavalera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Giuria 7, 10125 - Torino, Italy.
| | - Fabio Di Nardo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Giuria 7, 10125 - Torino, Italy.
| | - Thea Serra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Giuria 7, 10125 - Torino, Italy.
| | - Fabrizio Sordello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Giuria 7, 10125 - Torino, Italy.
| | - Claudio Baggiani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Giuria 7, 10125 - Torino, Italy.
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Daniels E, Mustafa YL, Herdes C, Leese HS. Optimization of Cortisol-Selective Molecularly Imprinted Polymers Enabled by Molecular Dynamics Simulations. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:7243-7253. [PMID: 35006955 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Today, we heavily rely on technology and increasingly utilize it to monitor our own health. The identification of sensitive, accurate biosensors that are capable of real-time cortisol analysis is one important potential feature for these technologies to aid us in the maintenance of our physical and mental wellbeing. Detection and quantification of cortisol, a well-known stress biomarker present in sweat, offers a noninvasive and potentially real-time method for monitoring anxiety. Molecularly imprinted polymers are attractive candidates for cortisol recognition elements in such devices as they can selectively rebind a targeted template molecule. However, mechanisms of imprinting and subsequent rebinding depend on the choice and composition of the prepolymerization mixture where the molecular interactions between the template, functional monomer, cross-linker, and solvent molecules are not fully understood. Here, we report the synthesis and evaluation of a molecularly imprinted polymer selective for cortisol detection. Molecular dynamics simulations were used to investigate the interactions between all components in the prepolymerization mixture of the as-synthesized molecularly imprinted polymer. Varying the component ratio of the prepolymerization mixture indicates that the number of cross-linker molecules relative to the template impacts the quality of imprinting. It was determined that a component ratio of 1:6:30 of cortisol, methacrylic acid, and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, respectively, yields the optimal theoretical complexation of cortisol for the polymeric systems investigated. Experimental synthesis and rebinding results demonstrate an imprinting factor of up to 6.45. The trends in cortisol affinity predicted by molecular dynamics simulations of the prepolymerization mixture were also corroborated through experimental analysis of those modeled molecularly imprinted compositions, demonstrating the predictive capabilities of these simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Daniels
- Centre for Sustainable Circular Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.,Materials for Health Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Yasemin L Mustafa
- Materials for Health Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.,Centre for Biosensors, Bioelectronics and Biodevices, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Carmelo Herdes
- Centre for Advanced Separations Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Hannah S Leese
- Centre for Sustainable Circular Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.,Materials for Health Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.,Centre for Advanced Separations Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.,Centre for Biosensors, Bioelectronics and Biodevices, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
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Curk T, Dobnikar J, Frenkel D. Rational design of molecularly imprinted polymers. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:35-44. [PMID: 26452006 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm02144h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Molecular imprinting is the process whereby a polymer matrix is cross-linked in the presence of molecules with surface sites that can bind selectively to certain ligands on the polymer. The cross-linking process endows the polymer matrix with a chemical 'memory', such that the target molecules can subsequently be recognized by the matrix. We present a simple model that accounts for the key features of this molecular recognition. Using a combination of analytical calculations and Monte Carlo simulations, we show that the model can account for the binding of rigid particles to an imprinted polymer matrix with valence-limited interactions. We show how the binding multivalency and the polymer material properties affect the efficiency and selectivity of molecular imprinting. Our calculations allow us to formulate design criteria for optimal molecular imprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tine Curk
- International Research Center for Soft Matter, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China. and Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jure Dobnikar
- International Research Center for Soft Matter, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China.
| | - Daan Frenkel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Schauperl M, Lewis DW. Probing the Structural and Binding Mechanism Heterogeneity of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:563-71. [DOI: 10.1021/jp506157x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Schauperl
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon St, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Dewi W. Lewis
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon St, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
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Whitcombe MJ, Kirsch N, Nicholls IA. Molecular imprinting science and technology: a survey of the literature for the years 2004-2011. J Mol Recognit 2014; 27:297-401. [PMID: 24700625 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we present a survey of the literature covering the development of molecular imprinting science and technology over the years 2004-2011. In total, 3779 references to the original papers, reviews, edited volumes and monographs from this period are included, along with recently identified uncited materials from prior to 2004, which were omitted in the first instalment of this series covering the years 1930-2003. In the presentation of the assembled references, a section presenting reviews and monographs covering the area is followed by sections describing fundamental aspects of molecular imprinting including the development of novel polymer formats. Thereafter, literature describing efforts to apply these polymeric materials to a range of application areas is presented. Current trends and areas of rapid development are discussed.
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Gao B, He XP, Jiang Y, Wei JT, Suo H, Zhao C. Computational simulation and preparation of fluorescent magnetic molecularly imprinted silica nanospheres for ciprofloxacin or norfloxacin sensing. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:3753-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201401014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Gao
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics; College of Electronic Science and Engineering; Jilin University; Changchun P. R. China
- Department of Resources and Environment; Jilin Agriculture University; Changchun P. R. China
| | - Xin-Ping He
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics; College of Electronic Science and Engineering; Jilin University; Changchun P. R. China
| | - Yang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics; College of Electronic Science and Engineering; Jilin University; Changchun P. R. China
| | - Jia-Tong Wei
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics; College of Electronic Science and Engineering; Jilin University; Changchun P. R. China
| | - Hui Suo
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics; College of Electronic Science and Engineering; Jilin University; Changchun P. R. China
| | - Chun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics; College of Electronic Science and Engineering; Jilin University; Changchun P. R. China
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Utilization of theoretical studies of the imprinting ratio to guide experimental research into the molecular imprinted polymers formed using enrofloxacin and methacrylic acid. J Mol Model 2014; 20:2456. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-014-2456-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Yan-ling W, Jun-bo L, Jia-ni S, Shan-shan T, Rui-fa J. THEORETICAL STUDIES ON MOLECULAR IMPRINTED INTERACTION BETWEEN ENROFLOXACIN AND METHACRYLIC ACID. ACTA POLYM SIN 2013. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1105.2013.13117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Chempath S, Düren T, Sarkisov L, Snurr RQ. Experiences with the publicly available multipurpose simulation code, Music. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2013.819103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Nicholls IA, Karlsson BCG, Olsson GD, Rosengren AM. Computational Strategies for the Design and Study of Molecularly Imprinted Materials. Ind Eng Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ie3033119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian A. Nicholls
- Bioorganic and Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Linnæus University
Centre for Biomaterials Chemistry, Linnæus University, SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, Box 576, SE-751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Björn C. G. Karlsson
- Bioorganic and Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Linnæus University
Centre for Biomaterials Chemistry, Linnæus University, SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Gustaf D. Olsson
- Bioorganic and Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Linnæus University
Centre for Biomaterials Chemistry, Linnæus University, SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Annika M. Rosengren
- Bioorganic and Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Linnæus University
Centre for Biomaterials Chemistry, Linnæus University, SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden
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Golker K, Karlsson BCG, Olsson GD, Rosengren AM, Nicholls IA. Influence of Composition and Morphology on Template Recognition in Molecularly Imprinted Polymers. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma3024238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Golker
- Bioorganic and Biophysical Chemistry
Laboratory, Linnæus University Centre for Biomaterials Chemistry, Linnaeus University, SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Björn C. G. Karlsson
- Bioorganic and Biophysical Chemistry
Laboratory, Linnæus University Centre for Biomaterials Chemistry, Linnaeus University, SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Gustaf D. Olsson
- Bioorganic and Biophysical Chemistry
Laboratory, Linnæus University Centre for Biomaterials Chemistry, Linnaeus University, SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Annika M. Rosengren
- Bioorganic and Biophysical Chemistry
Laboratory, Linnæus University Centre for Biomaterials Chemistry, Linnaeus University, SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Ian A. Nicholls
- Bioorganic and Biophysical Chemistry
Laboratory, Linnæus University Centre for Biomaterials Chemistry, Linnaeus University, SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
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