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Wang Y, Zeng H, Li L, Liu J, Lin J, Bie Y, Wang S, Cheng X, Nashun B, Yao Y, Hu X, Zhao Y. Pokemon inhibits Bim transcription to promote the proliferation, anti-anoikis, invasion, histological grade, and dukes stage of colorectal neoplasms. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:380. [PMID: 39095579 PMCID: PMC11297103 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05904-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to determine whether Pokemon regulates Bim activity in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) carcinogenesis. METHODS Clinical tissue samples were analyzed to detect the expression and clinicopathological significance of Pokemon and Bim in CRC. Proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion assays were conducted to identify the regulatory effect of Pokemon on Bim. The combined treatment effects of Pokemon knockdown and diamminedichloroplatinum (DDP) were also examined. RESULTS Immunohistochemical analysis of 80 samples of colorectal epithelia (CRE), 80 cases of colorectal adenoma (CRA), and 160 of CRC samples revealed protein expression rates of 23.8%, 38.8%, and 70.6% for Pokemon, and 88.8%, 73.8%, and 31.9% for Bim, respectively. A significant negative correlation was observed between Pokemon and Bim expression across the CRE, CRA, and CRC lesion stages. In CRC, higher Pokemon and lower Bim expression correlated with higher histological grades, advanced Dukes stages, and increased cancer invasion. In both LoVo and HCT116 cells, overexpression of Pokemon significantly reduced Bim expression, leading to increased proliferation, resistance to anoikis, and cell invasion. Additionally, Pokemon overexpression significantly decreased DDP-induced Bim expression, reduction of anti-apoptosis and invasion, whereas Pokemon knockdown resulted in the opposite effects. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that Pokemon inhibits Bim transcription, thereby promoting CRC proliferation, resistance to apoptosis, invasion, and advancing histological grade and Dukes staging. Pokemon knockdown enhances the therapeutic efficacy of DDP in the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
- Pathology Department of The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523713, China
| | - Huiling Zeng
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Li Li
- Pathology Department, Huizhou Health Sciences Polytechnic, Huizhou, 516007, China
| | - Jizhen Liu
- Animal Center of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Jiantao Lin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Yanhong Bie
- Pathology Department of The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523713, China
| | - Sen Wang
- Animal Center of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Xiaoguang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Bayaer Nashun
- Animal Center of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Yunhong Yao
- Pathology Department of The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523713, China
| | - Xinrong Hu
- Pathology Department of The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523713, China.
| | - Yi Zhao
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
- Pathology Department of The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523713, China.
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Di Q, Dong L, Jiang L, Liu X, Cheng P, Liu B, Yu G. Genome-wide association study and RNA-seq identifies GmWRI1-like transcription factor related to the seed weight in soybean. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1268511. [PMID: 38046612 PMCID: PMC10691256 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1268511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The cultivated soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) is domesticated from wild soybean (Glycine soja) and has heavier seeds with a higher oil content than the wild soybean. In this study, we identified a novel candidate gene associated with SW using a genome-wide association study (GWAS). The candidate gene GmWRI14-like was detected by GWAS analysis in three consecutive years. By constructing transgenic soybeans overexpressing the GmWRI14-like gene and gmwri14-like soybean mutants, we found that overexpression of GmWRI14-like increased the SW and increased total fatty acid content. We then used RNA-seq and qRT-PCR to identify the target genes directly or indirectly regulated by GmWRI14-like. Transgenic soyabeans overexpressing GmWRI14-like showed increased accumulation of GmCYP78A50 and GmCYP78A69 than non-transgenic soybean lines. Interestingly, we also found that GmWRI14-like proteins could interact with GmCYP78A69/GmCYP78A50 using yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation. Our results not only shed light on the genetic architecture of cultivated soybean SW, but also lays a theoretical foundation for improving the SW and oil content of soybeans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Di
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, College of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lidong Dong
- Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, College of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, College of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyi Liu
- Research Center of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ping Cheng
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baohui Liu
- Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, College of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guohui Yu
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
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Zhang D, Zhou X, Zhang K, Yu Y, Cui SW, Nie S. Glucomannan from Aloe vera gel maintains intestinal barrier integrity via mitigating anoikis mediated by Nrf2-mitochondria axis. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 235:123803. [PMID: 36841393 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Impairment of intestinal epithelium barrier is a hallmark of gut pathology. Cell death can compromise barrier function and impair epithelial restitution directly or indirectly in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Our previous work demonstrated that glucomannan from Aloe vera gel (AGP) protected mice from DSS-induced colitis, with unclear mechanism of AGP-intestinal barrier interactions. Here, AGP maintained the integrity of intestinal barrier in colitis mice. RNA-Sequencing results indicated that pathways related to anoikis (apoptosis induced by loss of cell-matrix interaction), mitochondrial function and oxidative stress were significantly altered in the process of AGP-intestinal barrier interaction. Further experiments confirmed that AGP activated Nrf2, decreased ROS levels, mitigated mitochondrial dysfunction and anoikis of colonic epithelial cells in mice. Intriguingly, AGP reversed oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by knockdown or inhibitor (ML385) of Nrf2 in IEC-6 cells, which indicated the essential role of Nrf2-mitochondrial axis in the intestinal protective function of AGP. In addition, AGP alleviated anoikis caused by impaired mitochondrial function. Hence, this current work indicated that AGP might maintain intestinal barrier integrity by mitigating anoikis mediated by Nrf2-mitochondria axis. These findings provide new evidence into the effect of polysaccharides maintaining intestinal barrier integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duoduo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Xingtao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China.
| | - Ke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Yongkang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Steve W Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph Research and Development Centre, 93 Stone Road West, Guelph, Ontario NIG 5C9, Canada
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China.
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Singh AK, Verma S, Kushwaha PP, Prajapati KS, Shuaib M, Kumar S, Gupta S. Role of ZBTB7A zinc finger in tumorigenesis and metastasis. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:4703-4719. [PMID: 34014468 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06405-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The zinc finger and BTB (broad-complex, tramtrack and bric a brac) domain containing protein 7A (ZBTB7A) is a pleiotropic transcription factor that plays an important role in various stages of cell proliferation, differentiation, and other developmental processes. ZBTB7A is a member of the POK family that directly and specifically binds to short DNA recognition sites located near their target genes thereby acting as transcriptional activator or repressor. ZBTB7A overexpression has been associated with tumorigenesis and metastasis in various human cancer types, including breast, prostate, lung, ovarian, and colon cancer. However in some instances downregulation of ZBTB7A results in tumor progression, suggesting its role as a tumor suppressor. ZBTB7A is involved with complicated regulatory networks which include protein-protein and protein-nucleic acid interactions. ZBTB7A involvement in cancer progression and metastasis is perhaps enabled through the regulation of various signaling pathways depending on the type and genetic context of cancer. The association of ZBTB7A with other proteins affects cancer aggressiveness, therapeutic resistance and clinical outcome. This review focuses on the involvement of ZBTB7A in various signaling pathways and its role in cancer progression. We will also review the literature on ZBTB7A and cancer which could be potentially explored for its therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul Kumar Singh
- Molecular Signaling and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Shiv Verma
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.,Department of Urology, The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Prem Prakash Kushwaha
- Molecular Signaling and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Kumari Sunita Prajapati
- Molecular Signaling and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Mohd Shuaib
- Molecular Signaling and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Shashank Kumar
- Molecular Signaling and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India.
| | - Sanjay Gupta
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA. .,Department of Urology, The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA. .,Department of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA. .,Divison of General Medical Sciences, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA. .,Department of Urology, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
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Gupta S, Singh AK, Prajapati KS, Kushwaha PP, Shuaib M, Kumar S. Emerging role of ZBTB7A as an oncogenic driver and transcriptional repressor. Cancer Lett 2020; 483:22-34. [PMID: 32348807 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
ZBTB7A is a member of the POK family of transcription factors that possesses a POZ-domain at the N-terminus and Krüppel-like zinc-finger at the c-terminus. ZBTB7A was initially isolated as a protein that binds to the inducer of the short transcript of HIV-1 virus TAT gene promoter. The protein forms a homodimer through protein-protein interaction via the N-terminus POZ-domains. ZBTB7A typically binds to the DNA elements through its zinc-finger domains and represses transcription both by modification of the chromatin organization and through the direct recruitment of transcription factors to gene regulatory regions. ZBTB7A is involved in several fundamental biological processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, and development. It also participates in hematopoiesis, adipogenesis, chondrogenesis, cellular metabolism and alternative splicing of BCLXL, DNA repair, development of oligodendrocytes, osteoclast and unfolded protein response. Aberrant ZBTB7A expression promotes oncogenic transformation and tumor progression, but also maintains a tumor suppressive role depending on the type and genetic context of cancer. In this comprehensive review we provide information about the structure, function, targets, and regulators of ZBTB7A and its role as an oncogenic driver and transcriptional repressor in various human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Gupta
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Department of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Divison of General Medical Sciences, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Department of Urology, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Atul Kumar Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, India
| | - Kumari Sunita Prajapati
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, India
| | - Prem Prakash Kushwaha
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, India
| | - Mohd Shuaib
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, India
| | - Shashank Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, India.
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Ding Y, Han Y, Wang R, Wang Y, Chi C, Zhao Z, Zhang H, Wang W, Yin L, Zhou J. Rerouting Native HDL to Predetermined Receptors for Improved Tumor-Targeted Gene Silencing Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:30488-30501. [PMID: 28828863 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b10047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is an outstanding biocompatible nanovector for tumor-targeted delivery of multimodel drugs in cancer therapy. However, this seemingly promising delivery platform demonstrates an adverse accumulation in liver and adrenal due to the primary expression of natural target scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI), which overexpressed in malignant cells as well. Therefore, we endowed native HDLs with rerouting capacity, that is, enabling HDLs to get away from natural receptors (SR-BI) to selectively alternate tumor-rich receptors. The αvβ3-integrin specific cyclic-RGDyk peptide was conjugated with HDL-protein component apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), demonstrating high substitution degree of 26.2%. Afterward, RGD-modified apoA-I was introduced to fabricate cholesterol siRNA-loaded HDL nanoparticles (RGD-HDL/Ch-siRNA) for specific affinity with tumor angiogenesis and αvβ3 integrin on tumor surface. After preparation, RGD-HDL/Ch-siRNA shared desirable particle size, efficient siRNA protection during blood circulation, and favorable proton sponge effect. αvβ3 integrin-associated superior rerouting capacity, endocytosis pathway, and rapid endolysosome escape were confirmed both in vitro and in vivo. For targeted gene silencing therapy, Pokemon-specific siRNA (siPokemon) was introduced as RNA interference candidate; the enhanced antitumor efficacy and decreased Pokemon expression level were commendably confirmed by tumor growth inhibition, survival period extension, and western blot analysis. Collectively, cyclic-RGDyk modification endows native HDLs with rerouting capacity to specific αvβ3 integrin receptor, which provides a promising strategy to extend malignancy targeting potential of native HDL to a broader purview.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yue Han
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ruoning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yazhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Cheng Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ziqiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Huaqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lifang Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jianping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
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Kong J, Liu X, Li X, Wu J, Wu N, Chen J, Fang F. Pokemon promotes the invasiveness of hepatocellular carcinoma by enhancing MEF2D transcription. Hepatol Int 2016; 10:493-500. [PMID: 26797719 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-015-9697-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pokemon, a master oncogene crucial for the tumorigenicity and progression of a variety of cancers, has been demonstrated to enhance the proliferation and survival of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the contribution of Pokemon to the invasiveness of HCC has not yet been studied. METHODS In this study, we employed HCC cells to investigate the role of Pokemon in the invasion of HCC with multidisciplinary approaches. RESULTS Pokemon overexpression was found to be closely associated with invasion and intrahepatic metastasis of HCC in clinical specimens. Suppression of Pokemon attenuated the invasion of HCC cells by in vitro transwell and wound-healing assays. Myocyte enhancer factor 2D (MEF2D), an oncogene that can promote the invasiveness of HCC, was found to be underexpressed during Pokemon silencing in HCC cells. Restoration of MEF2D abolished the effect of Pokemon downregulation on the migration of HCC cells. Further experiments verified that Pokemon binds two putative recognition sites located within the upstream region of the MEF2D promoter and enhances its transcription. The association between Pokemon and MEF2D was further confirmed in HCC specimens. Animal experiments further confirmed that Pokemon downregulation attenuated the metastasis of HCC cells in mice. CONCLUSION Collectively, Pokemon was found to enhance the migration and invasion of HCC by increasing MEF2D expression. Thus, targeting Pokemon and MEF2D may be an effective strategy to suppress the metastasis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Kong
- Faculty of Life Science and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, 1 Meicheng Road East, Huai'an, 223003, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoping Liu
- Faculty of Life Science and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, 1 Meicheng Road East, Huai'an, 223003, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangqian Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, 1 Meicheng Road East, Huai'an, 223003, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinsheng Wu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 6 Beijing Road West, Huai'an, 223300, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Wu
- Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Chen
- Faculty of Life Science and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, 1 Meicheng Road East, Huai'an, 223003, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Fang
- Faculty of Life Science and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, 1 Meicheng Road East, Huai'an, 223003, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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Sionov RV, Vlahopoulos SA, Granot Z. Regulation of Bim in Health and Disease. Oncotarget 2015; 6:23058-134. [PMID: 26405162 PMCID: PMC4695108 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The BH3-only Bim protein is a major determinant for initiating the intrinsic apoptotic pathway under both physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Tight regulation of its expression and activity at the transcriptional, translational and post-translational levels together with the induction of alternatively spliced isoforms with different pro-apoptotic potential, ensure timely activation of Bim. Under physiological conditions, Bim is essential for shaping immune responses where its absence promotes autoimmunity, while too early Bim induction eliminates cytotoxic T cells prematurely, resulting in chronic inflammation and tumor progression. Enhanced Bim induction in neurons causes neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases. Moreover, type I diabetes is promoted by genetically predisposed elevation of Bim in β-cells. On the contrary, cancer cells have developed mechanisms that suppress Bim expression necessary for tumor progression and metastasis. This review focuses on the intricate network regulating Bim activity and its involvement in physiological and pathophysiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronit Vogt Sionov
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada, Hebrew University, Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Spiros A. Vlahopoulos
- First Department of Pediatrics, University of Athens, Horemeio Research Laboratory, Thivon and Levadias, Goudi, Athens, Greece
| | - Zvi Granot
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada, Hebrew University, Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
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Kong J, Liu X, Jia J, Wu J, Wu N, Chen J, Fang F. Pokemon siRNA Delivery Mediated by RGD-Modified HBV Core Protein Suppressed the Growth of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Hum Gene Ther Methods 2015; 26:175-80. [PMID: 26356810 DOI: 10.1089/hgtb.2015.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a deadly human malignant tumor that is among the most common cancers in the world, especially in Asia. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been well established as a high risk factor for hepatic malignance. Studies have shown that Pokemon is a master oncogene for HCC growth, suggesting it as an ideal therapeutic target. However, efficient delivery system is still lacking for Pokemon targeting treatment. In this study, we used core proteins of HBV, which is modified with RGD peptides, to construct a biomimetic vector for the delivery of Pokemon siRNAs (namely, RGD-HBc-Pokemon siRNA). Quantitative PCR and Western blot assays revealed that RGD-HBc-Pokemon siRNA possessed the highest efficiency of Pokemon suppression in HCC cells. In vitro experiments further indicated that RGD-HBc-Pokemon-siRNA exerted a higher tumor suppressor activity on HCC cell lines, evidenced by reduced proliferation and attenuated invasiveness, than Pokemon-siRNA or RGD-HBc alone. Finally, animal studies demonstrated that RGD-HBc-Pokemon siRNA suppressed the growth of HCC xenografts in mice by a greater extent than Pokemon-siRNA or RGD-HBc alone. Based on the above results, Pokemon siRNA delivery mediated by RGD-modified HBV core protein was shown to be an effective strategy of HCC gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Kong
- 1 Faculty of Life Science & Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology , Huai'an, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoping Liu
- 1 Faculty of Life Science & Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology , Huai'an, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Jianbo Jia
- 1 Faculty of Life Science & Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology , Huai'an, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Jinsheng Wu
- 2 Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University , Huai'an, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Ning Wu
- 3 Institute of Oceanology , Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Jun Chen
- 1 Faculty of Life Science & Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology , Huai'an, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Fang Fang
- 1 Faculty of Life Science & Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology , Huai'an, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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Kong J, Liu X, Li X, Wu J, Wu N, Chen J, Fang F. miR-125/Pokemon auto-circuit contributes to the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:511-9. [PMID: 26227218 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3596-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a type of human malignant tumor occurring in hepatic tissues with high mortality. Patients benefit little from current therapeutic modalities, at least partially due to the lack of complete elucidation of molecular network regulating HCC. miR-125 and Pokemon are well-recognized tumor suppressor and oncogenes for HCC, respectively. However, the underlying mechanism by which the two genes exert their functions and the relationship between miR-125 and Pokemon is still unexplored yet. In this study, we found that there is an inverse association between miR-125 and Pokemon expression levels in HCC specimen and cell lines. Online database mining indicated that there are three putative mRNA recognition elements (MREs) of miR-125 within 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of Pokemon. MREs of miR-125 confer the expression of luciferase with a miR-125-dependent fashion. The alteration in miR-125 abundance regulates the expression of Pokemon at both protein and mRNA levels. Overexpression of Pokemon is able to abrogate the inhibitory effect of miR-125 on HCC progression. Further study showed that Pokemon inhibits the expression of miR-125 by binding of recognition sites within its promoter. In conclusion, we found that there is an auto-regulatory circuit consisting of miR-125 and Pokemon, which promotes the progression of HCC and may be a promising therapeutic target in clinical HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Kong
- Faculty of Life Science and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, 1 Meicheng Road East, Huai'an, 223003, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoping Liu
- Faculty of Life Science and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, 1 Meicheng Road East, Huai'an, 223003, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangqian Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, 1 Meicheng Road East, Huai'an, 223003, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinsheng Wu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 6 Beijing Road West, Huai'an, 223300, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Wu
- Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Chen
- Faculty of Life Science and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, 1 Meicheng Road East, Huai'an, 223003, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Fang
- Faculty of Life Science and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, 1 Meicheng Road East, Huai'an, 223003, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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11
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Turkel N, Portela M, Poon C, Li J, Brumby AM, Richardson HE. Cooperation of the BTB-Zinc finger protein, Abrupt, with cytoskeletal regulators in Drosophila epithelial tumorigenesis. Biol Open 2015; 4:1024-39. [PMID: 26187947 PMCID: PMC4542289 DOI: 10.1242/bio.012815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The deregulation of cell polarity or cytoskeletal regulators is a common occurrence in human epithelial cancers. Moreover, there is accumulating evidence in human epithelial cancer that BTB-ZF genes, such as Bcl6 and ZBTB7A, are oncogenic. From our previous studies in the vinegar fly, Drosophila melanogaster, we have identified a cooperative interaction between a mutation in the apico-basal cell polarity regulator Scribble (Scrib) and overexpression of the BTB-ZF protein Abrupt (Ab). Herein, we show that co-expression of ab with actin cytoskeletal regulators, RhoGEF2 or Src64B, in the developing eye-antennal epithelial tissue results in the formation of overgrown amorphous tumours, whereas ab and DRac1 co-expression leads to non-cell autonomous overgrowth. Together with ab, these genes affect the expression of differentiation genes, resulting in tumours locked in a progenitor cell fate. Finally, we show that the expression of two mammalian genes related to ab, Bcl6 and ZBTB7A, which are oncogenes in mammalian epithelial cancers, significantly correlate with the upregulation of cytoskeletal genes or downregulation of apico-basal cell polarity neoplastic tumour suppressor genes in colorectal, lung and other human epithelial cancers. Altogether, this analysis has revealed that upregulation of cytoskeletal regulators cooperate with Abrupt in Drosophila epithelial tumorigenesis, and that high expression of human BTB-ZF genes, Bcl6 and ZBTB7A, shows significant correlations with cytoskeletal and cell polarity gene expression in specific epithelial tumour types. This highlights the need for further investigation of the cooperation between these genes in mammalian systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nezaket Turkel
- Cell Cycle and Development Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia
| | - Marta Portela
- Cell Cycle and Development Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia
| | - Carole Poon
- Cell Cycle and Development Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia
| | - Jason Li
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia
| | - Anthony M Brumby
- Cell Cycle and Development Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia
| | - Helena E Richardson
- Cell Cycle and Development Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia School of Molecular Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
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12
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Hong X, Hong XY, Li T, He CY. Pokemon and MEF2D co-operationally promote invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:9885-93. [PMID: 26164003 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3744-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most deadly human malignancy, and frequent invasion and metastasis is closely associated with its poor prognosis. However, the molecular mechanism underlying HCC invasion is still not completely elucidated. Pokemon is a well-established oncogene for HCC growth, but its contribution to HCC invasion has not been studied yet. In this paper, Pokemon was found to be overexpressed in MHCC-97H HCC cell line, which possesses higher invasiveness. Downregulation of Pokemon abolished the invasion of MHCC-97H HCC cell lines. Pokemon overexpression was able to enhance the invasion of MHCC-97L cells with lower invasiveness. MEF2D, an oncogene promoting the invasion of HCC cells, was further detected to be upregulated and downregulated when Pokemon was overexpressed and silenced, respectively. Online database analysis indicated that one Pokemon recognition site was located within the promoter of MEF2D. Chromatin co-precipitation, luciferase, and qPCR assays all proved that Pokemon can promote the expression of MEF2D in HCC cells. Restoration of MEF2D expression can prevent the impaired invasion of HCC cells with Pokemon silencing, while suppression of MEF2D abolished the effect of Pokemon overexpression on HCC invasion. More interestingly, MEF2D was also found to increase the transcription of Pokemon by binding myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) sites within its promoter region, implying an auto-regulatory circuit consisting of these two oncogenes that can promote HCC invasion. Our findings can contribute to the understanding of molecular mechanism underlying HCC invasion, and provided evidence that targeting this molecular loop may be a promising strategy for anti-invasion therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Hong
- Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun, 130031, China
| | - Xing-Yu Hong
- Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun, 130031, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun, 130031, China
| | - Cheng-Yan He
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun, 130031, China.
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13
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Zhao GT, Yang LJ, Li XX, Cui HL, Guo R. Expression of the proto-oncogene Pokemon in colorectal cancer--inhibitory effects of an siRNA. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 14:4999-5005. [PMID: 24175766 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.9.4999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate expression of the proto-oncogene POK erythroid myeloid ontogenic factor (Pokemon) in colorectal cancer (CRC), and assess inhibitory effects of a small interference RNA (siRNA) expression vector in SW480 and SW620 cells. METHODS Semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemistry were performed to determine mRNA and protein expression levels of Pokemon in CRC tissues. Indirect immunofluorescence staining was applied to investigate the location of Pokemon in SW480 and SW620 cells. The siRNA expression vectors that were constructed to express a short hairpin RNA against Pokemon were transfected to the SW480 and SW620 cells with a liposome. Expression levels of Pokemon mRNA and protein were examined by real-time quantitative-fluorescent PCR and western blot analysis. The effects of Pokemon silencing on proliferation of SW480 and SW620 cells were evaluated with reference to growth curves with MTT assays. RESULTS The mRNA expression level of Pokemon in tumor tissues (0.845 ± 0.344) was significantly higher than that in adjacent tumor specimens (0.321 ± 0.197). The positive expression ratio of Pokemon protein in CRC (87.0%) was significantly higher than that in the adjacent tissues (19.6%). Strong fluorescence staining of Pokemon protein was observed in the cytoplasm of the SW480 and SW620 cells. The inhibition ratios of Pokemon mRNA and protein in the SW480 cells were 83.1% and 73.5% at 48 and 72 h, respectively, compared with those of the negative control cells with the siRNA. In the SW620 cells, the inhibition ratios of Pokemon mRNA and protein were 76.3% and 68.7% at 48 and 72 h, respectively. MTT showed that Pokemon gene silencing inhibited the proliferation of SW480 and SW620 cells. CONCLUSION Overexpression of Pokemon in CRC may have a function in carcinogenesis and progression. siRNA expression vectors could effectively inhibit mRNA and protein expression of Pokemon in SW480 and SW620 cells, thereby reducing malignant cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gan-Ting Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Heping Hospital of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China E-mail :
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14
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Zhu X, Dai Y, Chen Z, Xie J, Zeng W, Lin Y. Knockdown of Pokemon protein expression inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation by suppression of AKT activity. Oncol Res 2013; 20:377-81. [PMID: 23924858 DOI: 10.3727/096504013x13657689383012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of Pokemon, which is an erythroid myeloid ontogenic factor protein, occurs in different cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Pokemon is also reported to have an oncogenic activity in various human cancers. This study investigated the effect of Pokemon knockdown on the regulation of HCC growth. POK shRNA suppressed the expression of Pokemon protein in HepG2 cells compared to the negative control vector-transfected HCC cells. Pokemon knockdown also reduced HCC cell viability and enhanced cisplatin-induced apoptosis in HCC cells. AKT activation and the expression of various cell cycle-related genes were inhibited following Pokemon knockdown. These data demonstrate that Pokemon may play a role in HCC progression, suggesting that inhibition of Pokemon expression using Pokemon shRNA should be further evaluated as a novel target for the control of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosan Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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15
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Tan K, Goldstein D, Crowe P, Yang JL. Uncovering a key to the process of metastasis in human cancers: a review of critical regulators of anoikis. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2013; 139:1795-805. [PMID: 23912151 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-013-1482-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Anoikis ('homelessness' in Greek) is a form of apoptosis following the detachment of cells from the appropriate extracellular matrix (Chiarugi and Giannoni in Biochem Pharmacol 76:1352-1364, 2008). Resistance to anoikis is a critical mediator of metastasis in cancer by enabling cancer cells to survive during invasion and transport in the blood and lymph. Numerous regulators and mechanisms of anoikis in human cancer have been proposed to date. Consequently, the identification of key regulators of anoikis that can be targeted to at least partially restore anoikis sensitivity in cancer cells is important in the development of therapies to treat metastatic cancer. METHODS A literature search focusing on the regulators of anoikis in human cancer was performed on the Medline, Embase and Scopus databases. RESULTS Mcl-1, Cav-1, Bcl-(xL), cFLIP, 14-3-3ζ and Bit1 appear to regulate anoikis in human cancer by participating in the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, extrinsic apoptotic pathway or caspase-independent pathways. Mcl-1, Cav-1, Bcl-(xL), cFLIP and 14-3-3ζ are suppressors of anoikis, and their upregulation confers anoikis resistance to cancer cells. Bit1 is a promoter of anoikis and is downregulated to confer anoikis resistance in metastatic cancer. CONCLUSION Anoikis is a complex process involving the crosstalk between different signalling pathways. The dysregulated expression of key regulators of anoikis that participate in these signalling pathways promotes anoikis resistance in human cancer. These regulators of anoikis might therefore be the targets for developing therapies to overcome anoikis resistance in metastatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Tan
- Adult Cancer Program, Sarcoma and Nano-Oncology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Room 209, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
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16
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p38β, A novel regulatory target of Pokemon in hepatic cells. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:13511-24. [PMID: 23807508 PMCID: PMC3742200 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140713511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Revised: 06/08/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Pokemon is an important proto-oncogene involved in various biological processes and cancer development, such as cell differentiation, tumorigenesis and metastasis. Pokemon is recognized as a transcription factor localized upstream of several oncogenes, regulating their expression. p38MAPKs act as key regulatory factors in cellular signaling pathways associated with inflammatory responses, cell proliferation, differentiation and survival. p38β, a member of p38MAPK family, is closely correlated with tumorigenesis, but the mechanism of activation remains unclear. In this study, we found overexpression of Pokemon promoted the growth, migration and invasion of HepG2 cells. However, a p38 inhibitor SB202190 efficiently attenuated the promoting effect of Pokemon in the HepG2 cells. Targeted expression or silencing of Pokemon changed cellular p38β protein level and phosphorylation of downstream ATF2 in the p38 signaling pathway. Both dual luciferase report assay and ChIP assay suggested that p38β is a novel regulatory target of the transcription factor Pokemon and positively regulated by Pokemon in hepatic cells.
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Bi X, Jin Y, Gao X, Liu F, Gao D, Jiang Y, Liu H. Investigation of Pokemon-regulated proteins in hepatocellular carcinoma using mass spectrometry-based multiplex quantitative proteomics. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2013; 19:111-121. [PMID: 24261083 DOI: 10.1255/ejms.1221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Pokemon is a transcription regulator involved in embryonic development, cellular differentiation and oncogenesis. It is aberrantly overexpressed in multiple human cancers including Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and is considered as a promising biomarker for HCC. In this work, the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based quantitative proteomics strategy was used to investigate the proteomic profile associated with Pokemon in human HCC cell line QGY7703 and human hepatocyte line HL7702. Samples were labeled with four-plex iTRAQ reagents followed by two-dimensional liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry analysis. A total of 24 differentially expressed proteins were selected as significant. Nine proteins were potentially up-regulated by Pokemon while 15 proteins were potentially down-regulated and many proteins were previously identified as potential biomarkers for HCC. Gene ontology (GO) term enrichment revealed that the listed proteins were mainly involved in DNA metabolism and biosynthesis process. The changes of glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase (G6PD, up-regulated) and ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase large sub-unit (RIM1, down-regulated) were validated by Western blotting analysis and denoted as Pokemon's function of oncogenesis. We also found that Pokemon potentially repressed the expression of highly clustered proteins (MCM3, MCM5, MCM6, MCM7) which played key roles in promoting DNA replication. Altogether, our results may help better understand the role of Pokemon in HCC and promote the clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Bi
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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