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Toppo P, Jangir P, Mehra N, Kapoor R, Mathur P. Bioprospecting of endophytic fungi from medicinal plant Anisomeles indica L. for their diverse role in agricultural and industrial sectors. Sci Rep 2024; 14:588. [PMID: 38182714 PMCID: PMC10770348 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-51057-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Endophytes are microorganisms that inhabit various plant parts and cause no damage to the host plants. During the last few years, a number of novel endophytic fungi have been isolated and identified from medicinal plants and were found to be utilized as bio-stimulants and bio fertilizers. In lieu of this, the present study aims to isolate and identify endophytic fungi associated with the leaves of Anisomeles indica L. an important medicinal plant of the Terai-Duars region of West Bengal. A total of ten endophytic fungi were isolated from the leaves of A. indica and five were identified using ITS1/ITS4 sequencing based on their ability for plant growth promotion, secondary metabolite production, and extracellular enzyme production. Endophytic fungal isolates were identified as Colletotrichum yulongense Ai1, Colletotrichum cobbittiense Ai2, Colletotrichum alienum Ai2.1, Colletotrichum cobbittiense Ai3, and Fusarium equiseti. Five isolates tested positive for their plant growth promotion potential, while isolates Ai4. Ai1, Ai2, and Ai2.1 showed significant production of secondary metabolites viz. alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids, saponins, etc. Isolate Ai2 showed maximum total phenolic concentration (25.98 mg g-1), while isolate Ai4 showed maximum total flavonoid concentration (20.10 mg g-1). Significant results were observed for the production of extracellular enzymes such as cellulases, amylases, laccases, lipases, etc. The isolates significantly influenced the seed germination percentage of tomato seedlings and augmented their growth and development under in vitro assay. The present work comprehensively tested these isolates and ascertained their huge application for the commercial utilization of these isolates both in the agricultural and industrial sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabha Toppo
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Rajarammohunpur, Dist. Darjeeling, West Bengal, 734013, India
| | - Pooja Jangir
- Plant-Fungus Interactions Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Namita Mehra
- Plant-Fungus Interactions Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Rupam Kapoor
- Plant-Fungus Interactions Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Piyush Mathur
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Rajarammohunpur, Dist. Darjeeling, West Bengal, 734013, India.
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Ho TJ, Ahmed T, Shibu MA, Lin YJ, Shih CY, Lin PY, Ling SZ, Chiang CY, Kuo WW, Huang CY. A prospective review of the health-promoting potential of Jing Si Herbal Tea. Tzu Chi Med J 2024; 36:1-22. [PMID: 38406577 PMCID: PMC10887337 DOI: 10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_194_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has gained considerable attention over the past few years for its multicomponent, multitarget, and multi-pathway approach to treating different diseases. Studies have shown that TCMs as adjuvant therapy along with conventional treatment may benefit in safely treating various disorders. However, investigations on finding effective herbal combinations are ongoing. A novel TCM formula, "Jing Si Herbal Tea (JSHT)," has been reported recently for their health-promoting effects in improving overall body and mental health. JSHT is a combination of eight herbs recognized in Chinese herbal pharmacopoeia for their anti-viral, anti-aging, and anti-cancer properties as well as protective effects against cardiovascular, metabolic, neural, digestive, and genitourinary diseases. Thus, to better understand the beneficial effects of the ingredients of JSHT on health, this review intends to summarize the preclinical and clinical studies of the ingredients of JSHT on human health and diseases, and possible therapeutic effects with the related mode of actions and future prospects for their application in complementary therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Jung Ho
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, HualienTzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Tanvir Ahmed
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Marthandam Asokan Shibu
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Yu-Jung Lin
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Cheng Yen Shih
- Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Yu Lin
- Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Ling
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yi Chiang
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Ph. D. Program for Biotechnology Industry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital and China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
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Chen YR, Jiang WP, Deng JS, Chou YN, Wu YB, Liang HJ, Lin JG, Huang GJ. Anisomeles indica Extracts and Their Constituents Suppress the Protein Expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 In Vivo and In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15062. [PMID: 37894745 PMCID: PMC10606724 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), stemming from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has had a profound global impact. This highly contagious pneumonia remains a significant ongoing threat. Uncertainties persist about the virus's effects on human health, underscoring the need for treatments and prevention. Current research highlights angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) as key targets against SARS-CoV-2. The virus relies on ACE2 to enter cells and TMPRSS2 to activate its spike protein. Inhibiting ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression can help prevent and treat SARS-CoV-2 infections. Anisomeles indica (L.) Kuntze, a medicinal plant in traditional Chinese medicine, shows various promising pharmacological properties. In this study, ethanolic extracts of A. indica were examined both in vivo (250 and 500 μM) and in vitro (500 μM). Through Western blotting analysis, a significant reduction in the expression levels of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 proteins was observed in HepG2 (human hepatocellular carcinoma) cells and HEK 293T (human embryonic kidney) cell lines without inducing cellular damage. The principal constituents of A. indica, namely, ovatodiolide (5 and 10 μM), anisomlic acid (5 and 10 μM), and apigenin (12.5 and 25 μM), were also found to produce the same effect. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis of mouse liver, kidney, and lung tissues demonstrated a decrease in ACE2 and TMPRSS2 protein expression levels. Consequently, this article suggests that A. indica and its constituents have the potential to reduce ACE2 and TMPRSS2 protein expression levels, thus aiding in the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ru Chen
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; (Y.-R.C.); (Y.-N.C.); (J.-G.L.)
| | - Wen-Ping Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 717, Taiwan;
| | - Jeng-Shyan Deng
- Department of Food Nutrition and Healthy Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan;
| | - Ya-Ni Chou
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; (Y.-R.C.); (Y.-N.C.); (J.-G.L.)
| | - Yeh-Bin Wu
- Arjil Pharmaceuticals LLC, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan; (Y.-B.W.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Hui-Ju Liang
- Arjil Pharmaceuticals LLC, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan; (Y.-B.W.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Jaung-Geng Lin
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; (Y.-R.C.); (Y.-N.C.); (J.-G.L.)
| | - Guan-Jhong Huang
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; (Y.-R.C.); (Y.-N.C.); (J.-G.L.)
- Department of Food Nutrition and Healthy Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan;
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Chen X, Su J, Wang R, Hao R, Fu C, Chen J, Li J, Wang X. Structural Optimization of Cannabidiol as Multifunctional Cosmetic Raw Materials. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020314. [PMID: 36829873 PMCID: PMC9952480 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD), derived from the plant cannabis, can be used in the cosmetics industry for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-wrinkle and whitening effects. However, CBD is purified from the hemp plant extract, its source is very limited and under strict control. So in this study, computational and experimental methods were combined to search for novel CBD substitutes with high biology potencies. The action mode between CBD and target protein cannabidiol receptor 1 was studied to find the key skeleton, which was used to virtually screen a natural products database to search for compounds with 70% similarity. The hit compounds with high docking scores were selected for the ABTS and DPPH free radical scavenging experiments for antioxidant evaluation. The effects on the expressions of nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-6 (IL-6), COX-2 and iNOS in RAW264.7 cell line were detected to demonstrate their anti-inflammatory abilities. The effect of anti-wrinkle ability were evaluated by detecting the extracellular matrix, such as collagen, elastin, fibronectin and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HFF-1. The effects on melanin production and tyrosinase activity in Bb16F10 were also detected. As a result, two compounds were found to be superior to cannabidiol, in terms of antioxidant, anti-wrinkle and whitening efficacy with a lower cytotoxicity.
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Nasrin S, Islam MN, Tayab MA, Nasrin MS, Siddique MAB, Emran TB, Reza ASMA. Chemical profiles and pharmacological insights of Anisomeles indica Kuntze: An experimental chemico-biological interaction. Pharmacotherapy 2022; 149:112842. [PMID: 35325851 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Anisomeles indica (L.) Kuntze is an ethnomedicinally important plant that has long been used in traditional medicine to treat a variety of ailments, including dyspepsia, abdominal pain, colic, allergies, inflammation, and rheumatic arthritis. However, the scientific framework underlying these medicinal properties is not well known. This study aimed to investigate the antidepressive, antidiarrheal, thrombolytic, and anti-inflammatory potential of a methanol extract of A. indica (MeOH-AI). The potential bioactive compounds in the MeOH-AI were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and antidepressant activities were evaluated using the tail suspension test (TST) and forced swim test (FST). Antidiarrheal effects were also assayed in castor oil-induced diarrhea and gastrointestinal motility studies. The anti-inflammatory activities were explored by examining the effects on protein inhibition and denaturation in heat- and hypotonic solution-induced hemolysis assays. The thrombolytic activity was evaluated using the clot lysis test in human blood. BIOVIA and Schrödinger Maestro (v11.1) were applied for docking analysis to determine binding interactions, and the absorption, distribution, metabolisms, excretion/toxicity (ADME/T) properties of bioactive compounds were explored using a web-based method. The GC-MS analysis of MeOH-AI revealed the presence of several bioactive compounds. MeOH-AI administration resulted in significant (p < 0.01) reductions in the immobility times for both the FST and TST compared with those in the control group. MeOH-AI also induced significant (p < 0.01) reductions in castor oil-induced diarrhea severity and gastrointestinal motility in a mouse model. In addition, the in vitro anti-inflammatory and thrombolytic activity studies produced remarkable responses. The binding assay showed that 4-dehydroxy-N-(4,5-methylenedioxy-2-nitrobenzylidene) tyramine interacts favorably with monoamine oxidase and serotonin and M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, displaying good pharmacokinetic properties, which may mediate the effects of MeOH-AI on depression and diarrhea. Overall, the research findings indicated that MeOH-AI has significant antidepressant, antidiarrheal, and anti-inflammatory effects and may represent an alternative source of novel therapeutic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suaad Nasrin
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Nazmul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammed Abu Tayab
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Mst Samima Nasrin
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abu Bakar Siddique
- Institute of National Analytical Research and Service (INARS), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh.
| | - A S M Ali Reza
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh.
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Hu C, Zhang S, Chen Q, Wang R. Ovatodiolide protects ischemia-reperfusion-induced neuronal injury via microglial neuroinflammation via mediating SIRT1/NF-κB pathway. Brain Res Bull 2022; 180:97-107. [PMID: 34968641 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovatodiolide (OVA), a bioactive substance extracted from the bioactive component of Anisomeles indica, is reported to be endowed with anti-inflammatory properties. Nonetheless, its function in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-induced neurological deficits and microglial inflammation remains unclear. METHOD A middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was set up in SD rats, which were then dealt with varying doses of OVA. The rats' neurological functions were estimated at diverse periods postoperatively. The dry and wet method, triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, and Nissl's staining were conducted to measure brain edema, cerebral infarction area and neuronal damage, respectively. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to detect neuronal apoptosis and microglial activation, and the profiles of inflammatory factors in the cerebral tissues were estimated by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). In-vitro assays were implemented on HT22 neuronal cells and BV2 microglia to elaborate the effect of OVA against oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-mediated effects. RESULTS OVA relieved HT22 cell apoptosis and eased inflammation in BV2 microglia, which were induced by OGD. OVA mitigated NF-κB phosphorylation in BV2 cells, whereas boosted SIRT1 expression. However, inhibiting SIRT1 abolished the anti-inflammatory effects of OVA in BV2 microglia under OGD stimulation. The condition medium (CM) of OGD-treated BV2 cells enhanced HT22 cell apoptosis and damage. OVA treatment in BV2 cells relieved BV2-mediated injury on HT22 cells, which was reversed by SIRT1 inhibitor. In-vivo results revealed that OVA dose-dependently attenuated I/R rats' neurological deficits, reduced brain edema, cerebral infarction area, neuronal apoptosis and microglial overactivation. Additionally, OVA inactivated the NF-κB pathway and up-regulated SIRT1 in the I/R rat model. CONCLUSION OVA prevented rats from brain I/R damage by hampering neuronal apoptosis and microglial inflammation via the SIRT1-NF-κB pathway. DATA AVAILABILITY The data sets used and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaojun Hu
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Shan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The People's Hospital of Leshan, Leshan 614000, Sichuan, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Ziyang, Ziyang 641300, Sichuan, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China.
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Gururani S, Gairola K, Kumar R, Prakash O, Dubey SK. Altitudinal and geographical variations in phytochemical composition and biological activities of
Curcuma longa
accession from Uttarakhand, the Himalayan region. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shriya Gururani
- Department of Biochemistry, C.B.S.H. G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology Pantnagar India
| | - Kanchan Gairola
- Department of Biochemistry, C.B.S.H. G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology Pantnagar India
| | - Ravendra Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, C.B.S.H. G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology Pantnagar India
| | - Om Prakash
- Department of Chemistry, C.B.S.H. G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology Pantnagar India
| | - Shiv Kumar Dubey
- Department of Biochemistry, C.B.S.H. G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology Pantnagar India
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Datta S, Luthra R, Bharadvaja N. Medicinal Plants for Glioblastoma Treatment. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:2367-2384. [PMID: 34939551 DOI: 10.2174/1871520622666211221144739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma, an aggressive brain cancer, demonstrates the least life expectancy among all brain cancers. Because of the regulation of diverse signaling pathways in cancers, the chemotherapeutic approaches used to suppress their multiplication and spreading are restricted. Sensitivity towards chemotherapeutic agents has developed because of the pathological and drug-evading abilities of these diverse mechanisms. As a result, the identification and exploration of strategies or treatments, which can overcome such refractory obstacles to improve glioblastoma response to treatment as well as recovery, is essential. Medicinal herbs contain a wide variety of bioactive compounds, which could trigger aggressive brain cancers, regulate their anti-cancer mechanisms and immune responses to assist in cancer elimination, and cause cell death. Numerous tumor-causing proteins, which facilitate invasion as well as metastasis of cancer, tolerance of chemotherapies, and angiogenesis, are also inhibited by these phytochemicals. Such herbs remain valuable for glioblastoma prevention and its incidence by effectively being used as anti-glioma therapies. This review thus presents the latest findings on medicinal plants using which the extracts or bioactive components are being used against glioblastoma, their mechanism of functioning, pharmacological description as well as recent clinical studies conducted on them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreeja Datta
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Main Bawana Road, Delhi-110042. India
| | - Ritika Luthra
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Main Bawana Road, Delhi-110042. India
| | - Navneeta Bharadvaja
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Main Bawana Road, Delhi-110042. India
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Genotoxicity and 28-day repeated dose oral toxicity study of ovatodiolide in rats. Toxicol Rep 2021; 8:1783-1791. [PMID: 34722163 PMCID: PMC8536504 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovatodiolide is a bioactive cembrane-type diterpenoid isolated from Anisomeles indica (L.) Kuntze. It has been proven that ovatodiolide is anti-inflammatory, anti-tumorigenic, anti-melanogenic and attenuates asthma by regulating signaling pathways. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety of ovatodiolide by conducting genotoxicity tests and 28-day oral toxicity tests in rats. Genotoxicity assays were conducted by using a bacterial reverse mutation test and mammalian chromosomal aberration test to assess whether ovatodiolide causes reverse mutations and mutagenicity with or without metabolism activation. For the in vivo mammalian erythrocyte micronucleus test, mice were administered a single dose of 0, 250, 500 or 1000 mg/kg b.w. ovatodiolide by single gavage. In the acute oral toxicity test, rats were given a single dose of ovatodiolide 1000 mg/kg b.w. by single gavage. In the 28-day oral toxicity test, groups were divided into a control, ovatodiolide 10, 25 and 50 mg/kg b.w. The results showed that there was no mutagenicity in the bacterial reverse mutation test or the mammalian chromosomal aberration test with or without S9 fraction. Ovatodiolide did not produce an increase in micronucleated reticulocytes in the micronucleus test. The results revealed that the acute oral toxicity of ovatodiolide is over 1000 mg/kg b.w. in rats. Moreover, 10, 25 and 50 mg/kg b.w. of ovatodiolide did not cause a significant effect in rats. According to the results of the genotoxicity and oral toxicity studies in rats, ovatodiolide did not produce any adverse effects, and the tested doses can serve as clinical references.
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Seong NW, Oh WJ, Kim IS, Kim SJ, Seo JE, Park CE, Kim DY, Ko JW, Kim JC. Efficacy and local irritation evaluation of Eriobotrya japonica leaf ethanol extract. Lab Anim Res 2019; 35:4. [PMID: 31463223 PMCID: PMC6707429 DOI: 10.1186/s42826-019-0003-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although Eriobotrya japonica leaves have been studied as a raw material for various cosmetic products, little is known about the anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-melanogenic activities of Eriobotrya japonica leaf ethanol extract (EJEE). Methods This study was conducted to evaluate the anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-melanogenic activities of EJEE using different in vitro models. In addition, we investigated the potential irritation of EJEE to skin and eye using animal alternative tests. Results The total content of polyphenols, one of the active constituents of EJEE, was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography and found to contain 88.68 mg tannic acid equivalent/g. EJEE showed a concentration-dependent 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activity, and a superoxide dismutase-like activity. The anti-inflammatory effect of 0.5% (w/v) EJEE was demonstrated by a reduction in lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels in RAW 264.7 cells. EJEE also significantly inhibited melanogenesis in melanocyte stimulating hormone-induced B16F1 cells. EJEE did not show any irritation in skin and eye in animal alternative test. Conclusions These results indicate that the EJEE possesses anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-melanogenic activities, while it did not induce toxicity or irritation in neither skin nor eye. Therefore, EJEE can be used as a cosmetic ingredient for skin improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nak-Won Seong
- 1Health Care Institute, Korea Testing and Research Institute, Hwasun, Jeonnam 58141 Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Jun Oh
- 1Health Care Institute, Korea Testing and Research Institute, Hwasun, Jeonnam 58141 Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Soo Kim
- 1Health Care Institute, Korea Testing and Research Institute, Hwasun, Jeonnam 58141 Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jin Kim
- 1Health Care Institute, Korea Testing and Research Institute, Hwasun, Jeonnam 58141 Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Seo
- 1Health Care Institute, Korea Testing and Research Institute, Hwasun, Jeonnam 58141 Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Eon Park
- 1Health Care Institute, Korea Testing and Research Institute, Hwasun, Jeonnam 58141 Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Young Kim
- 1Health Care Institute, Korea Testing and Research Institute, Hwasun, Jeonnam 58141 Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Won Ko
- 2College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 Plus Project Team), Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Choon Kim
- 2College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 Plus Project Team), Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 Republic of Korea
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Chao CL, Huang HC, Ding HY, Lai JH, Lin HC, Chang WL. A new macrocyclic diterpenoid from Anisomeles indica. Nat Prod Res 2019; 34:2737-2745. [PMID: 30908093 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1586692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A new macrocyclic diterpenoid, 4β,5β-dihydroxyovatodiolide (1), together with twenty-two known compounds (2-23) were isolated from the MeOH extract of the dried aerial parts of Anisomeles indica (L.) O. Kuntze (Labiatae). The structure of 1 was established on the basis of spectral evidence. Phenylethanoids, acteoside (5) and isoacteoside (6) showed significant inhibitory to IL-2 secretion of with respect to phorbol myristate acetate and anti-CD28 monoclonal antibody co-stimulated activation of human peripheral blood T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Liang Chao
- Research & Development Center, Sinphar Pharm. Co., Ltd. , I-Lan , Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chi Huang
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Hsiou-Yu Ding
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science , Tainan , Taiwan
| | - Jenn-Haung Lai
- Rheumatology/Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Hang-Ching Lin
- Research & Development Center, Sinphar Pharm. Co., Ltd. , I-Lan , Taiwan.,School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Wen-Liang Chang
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center , Taipei , Taiwan
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12
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Li H, Wang Z, Liang M, Cai L, Yang L. Methionine Augments Antioxidant Activity of Rice Protein during Gastrointestinal Digestion. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20040868. [PMID: 30781587 PMCID: PMC6412667 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
To elucidate the influence of methionine, which is an essential sulfur-containing amino acid, on the antioxidant activity of rice protein (RP), methionine was added to RP (RM). The addition of methionine to RM0.5, RM1.0, RM1.5, RM2.0, and RM2.5 was 0.5-, 1.0-, 1.5-, 2.0-, and 2.5-fold of methionine of RP, respectively. Using the in vitro digestive system, the antioxidant capacities of scavenging free radicals (superoxide; nitric oxide; 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt, ABTS), chelating metal (iron), and reducing power were investigated in the hydrolysates of RP and RMs. Upon pepsin-pancreatin digestion, the weakest antioxidant capacity was produced by RP. With the addition of methionine, RMs exhibited more excellent responses to free radical scavenging activities and reducing power than RP, whereas RMs did not produce the marked enhancements in iron chelating activity as compared to RP. The present study demonstrated that RMs differently exerted the free radical scavenging activities that emerged in the protein hydrolysates, in which the strongest scavenging capacities for ABTS, superoxide, and nitric oxide were RM1.5, RM2.0, and RM2.5, respectively. Results suggested that the availability of methionine is a critical factor to augment antioxidant ability of RP in the in vitro gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Zhengxuan Wang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Mingcai Liang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Liang Cai
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
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13
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Liu M, Bamodu OA, Kuo KT, Lee WH, Lin YK, Wu ATH, M H, Tzeng YM, Yeh CT, Tsai JT. Downregulation of Cancer Stemness by Novel Diterpenoid Ovatodiolide Inhibits Hepatic Cancer Stem Cell-Like Traits by Repressing Wnt/[Formula: see text]-Catenin Signaling. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2018; 46:891-910. [PMID: 29792038 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x18500477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The hierarchical tumor propagation or cancer stem cells (CSCs) model of carcinogenesis postulates that like physiologic adult stem cell (ASC), the CSCs positioned at the apex of any tumor population form the crux of tumor evolution with a constitutive regenerative capacity and differentiation potential. The propagation and recurrence of the characteristically heterogeneous and therapy-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), adds to accumulating evidence to support this CSCs model. Based on the multi-etiologic basis of HCC formation which among others, focuses on the disruption of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway, this study evaluated the role of cembrane-type phytochemical, Ovatodiolide, in the modulation of the Wnt/[Formula: see text]-catenin pathway, and its subsequent effect on liver CSCs' activities. Our fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and quantitative RT-PCR analyses of side population (SP) indicated that CD133+ cells were [Formula: see text]-catenin-overexpressing, more aggressive, and resistant to the conventional anticancer agents, Cisplatin and Doxorubicin, when compared to [Formula: see text]-catenin-downregulated group. We demonstrated that marked upregulation of [Formula: see text]-catenin and its downstream targets effectively enhanced hepatosphere formation, with an associated induction of CD133, OCT4 and Sox2 expression and also caused an significant enhancement of HCC proliferation. However, treatment with Ovatodiolide induced downregulation of [Formula: see text]-catenin and its downstream effector genes, abolished hepatosphere formation and reversed the [Formula: see text]-catenin-associated enhancement of HCC growth. In summary, we demonstrated for the first time that Ovatodiolide suppressed the canonical Wnt signaling pathway, and inhibited the generation of liver CSCs; Thus, projecting Ovatodiolide as a putatively effective therapeutic agent for anti-HCC target therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingche Liu
- * Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,† Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,‡‡ Department of Urology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Oluwaseun Adebayo Bamodu
- §§ Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University - Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,¶¶ Department of Medical Research & Education, Taipei Medical University - Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Tai Kuo
- ‡ Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hwa Lee
- § Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Kuang Lin
- ¶ Biostatistics and Research Consultation Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Alexander T H Wu
- ∥ The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao M
- ∥∥ Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yew-Min Tzeng
- *** Center for General Education, National Taitung University, Taitung, Taiwan.,††† Department of Applied Chemistry, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Tai Yeh
- §§ Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University - Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,¶¶ Department of Medical Research & Education, Taipei Medical University - Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Jo-Ting Tsai
- ** Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,†† Department of Radiation Oncology, Shuang-Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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14
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Uddin MJ, Ali Reza ASM, Abdullah-Al-Mamun M, Kabir MSH, Nasrin MS, Akhter S, Arman MSI, Rahman MA. Antinociceptive and Anxiolytic and Sedative Effects of Methanol Extract of Anisomeles indica: An Experimental Assessment in Mice and Computer Aided Models. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:246. [PMID: 29706888 PMCID: PMC5907530 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Anisomeles indica (L.) kuntze is widely used in folk medicine against various disorders including allergy, sores, inflammation, and fever. This research investigated the antinociceptive, anxiolytic and sedative effects of A. indica methanol extract. The antinociceptive activity was assessed with the acetic acid-induced writhing test and formalin-induced flicking test while sedative effects with open field and hole cross tests and anxiolytic effects with elevated plus maze (EPM) and thiopental-induced sleeping time tests were assayed. Computer aided (pass prediction, docking) analyses were undertaken to find out the best-fit phytoconstituent of total 14 isolated compounds of this plant for aforesaid effects. Acetic acid treated mice taking different concentrations of extract (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) displayed reduced the writhing number. In the formalin-induced test, extract minimized the paw licking time of mice during the first phase and the second phase significantly. The open field and hole-cross tests were noticed with a dose-dependent reduction of locomotor activity. The EPM test demonstrated an increase of time spent percentage in open arms. Methanol extract potentiated the effect of thiopental-induced hypnosis in lesser extent comparing with Diazepam. The results may account for the use of A. indica as an alternative treatment of antinociception and neuropharmacological abnormalities with further intensive studies. The compound, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid was found to be most effective in computer aided models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Josim Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - A S M Ali Reza
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abdullah-Al-Mamun
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad S H Kabir
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Mst Samima Nasrin
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Sharmin Akhter
- Department of Applied Nutrition and Food Technology, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md Atiar Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
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15
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Tu YX, Wang SB, Fu LQ, Li SS, Guo QP, Wu Y, Mou XZ, Tong XM. Ovatodiolide targets chronic myeloid leukemia stem cells by epigenetically upregulating hsa-miR-155, suppressing the BCR-ABL fusion gene and dysregulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Oncotarget 2017; 9:3267-3277. [PMID: 29423045 PMCID: PMC5790462 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative pathology, originating from the hematopoietic cancer stem cells (hCSCs) due to the Bcl-Abl Philadelphia chromosome transformation. However, targeting these hCSCs as an effective anti-CML strategy is relatively less explored. Ovatodiolide (Ova) is a natural diterpenoid isolate of Anisomeles indica with broad anticancer activity. In this study, we investigated the anti-hCSCs potential of Ova against CD34+/CD38-, CD34+/CD38+, and unsorted K562 cell lines using flow cytometry, western blot, RT-PCR, genomic mapping, and tumorsphere formation assays. We demonstrated that compared to unsorted K562 and CD34+/CD38+, CD34+/CD38- cells were significantly enriched with Oct4, Sox2, CD133, Bcr-Abl, p-CrkL and p-Stat5 protein and/or mRNA. Furthermore, we showed that Ova alone or by enhancing the therapeutic potential of Imatinib, reduced the viability of CML cell lines, dose-dependently, irrespective of the cancer stemness, as well as markedly inhibit the Bcr-Abl, p-CrkL, Stat5, and MDR protein expression levels in CD34+ cells. Mechanistic investigations revealed a significant up-regulation of hsa-miR-155, which resulted in the reduction of dysregulating the PIK3CA expression in Ova-treated K562 CD34+/CD38- cells. Additionally, Ova alone or in combination with Imatinib suppressed the hCSC traits of the CD34+/CD38- cells, resulting in loss of their ability to form tumorspheres, enhanced apoptosis, increase in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and dysregulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Together, these results demonstrate the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling-mediated anti-hCSC effect of Ova in CML, as well as suggest a likely role for Ova as a small molecule PI3K/mTOR dual inhibitor, thus, extending its potential benefit to other mTOR-mediated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Xing Tu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Chun'an First People's Hospital (Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital Chun'an Branch), Hangzhou 311700, Zhejiang Province, China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shi-Bing Wang
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Luo-Qin Fu
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shuang-Shuang Li
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qian-Peng Guo
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of Hematology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiao-Zhou Mou
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiang-Min Tong
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China.,Department of Hematology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
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16
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Huang YJ, Yang CK, Wei PL, Huynh TT, Whang-Peng J, Meng TC, Hsiao M, Tzeng YM, Wu AT, Yen Y. Ovatodiolide suppresses colon tumorigenesis and prevents polarization of M2 tumor-associated macrophages through YAP oncogenic pathways. J Hematol Oncol 2017; 10:60. [PMID: 28241877 PMCID: PMC5329923 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-017-0421-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background An increased expression of Yes-associated protein (YAP1) has been shown to promote tumorigenesis in many cancer types including colon. However, the role of YAP1 in promoting colon tumorigenesis remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that YAP1 expression is associated with M2 tumor-associated macrophage polarization and the generation of colon cancer stem-like cells. YAP1 downregulation by gene silencing or a phytochemical, ovatodiolide, not only suppresses colon cancer tumorigenesis but also prevents M2 TAM polarization. Methods Human monocytic cells, THP-1, and colon cancer cell lines, HCT116 and DLD-1, were co-cultured to mimic the interactions between tumor and its microenvironment. M2 polarization of the THP-1 cells were examined using both flow cytometry and q-PCR technique. The inhibition of YAP1 signaling was achieved by gene-silencing technique or ovatodiolide. The molecular consequences of YAP1 inhibition was demonstrated via colony formation, migration, and colon-sphere formation assays. 5-FU and ovatodiolide were used in drug combination studies. Xenograft and syngeneic mouse models were used to investigate the role of YAP1 in colon tumorigenesis and TAM generation. Results An increased YAP1 expression was found to be associated with a poor prognosis in patients with colon cancer using bioinformatics approach. We showed an increased YAP1 expression in the colon spheres, and colon cancer cells co-cultured with M2 TAMs. YAP1-silencing led to the concomitant decreased expression of major oncogenic pathways including Kras, mTOR, β-catenin, and M2-promoting IL-4 and tumor-promoting IL-6 cytokines. TAM co-cultured colon spheres showed a significantly higher tumor-initiating ability in vivo. Ovatodiolide treatment alone and in combination with 5-FU significantly suppressed in vivo tumorigenesis and less TAM infiltration in CT26 syngeneic mouse model. Conclusions We have identified the dual function of YAP1 where its suppression not only inhibited tumorigenesis but also prevented the generation of cancer stem-like cells and M2 TAM polarization. Ovatodiolide treatment suppressed YAP1 oncogenic pathways to inhibit colon tumorigenesis and M2 TAM generation both in vitro and in vivo. Ovatodiolide should be considered for its potential for adjuvant therapeutic development. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13045-017-0421-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Jiun Huang
- The PhD Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ching-Kuo Yang
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Li Wei
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, People's Republic of China
| | - Thanh-Tuan Huynh
- Center for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Jacqueline Whang-Peng
- Division of Cancer Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center of Excellence for Cancer Research, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ching Meng
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Michael Hsiao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yew-Ming Tzeng
- Center for General Education, National Taitung University, Taitung, 95092, Taiwan.,Department of Life Science, National Taitung University, Taitung, Taiwan
| | - Alexander Th Wu
- The PhD Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yun Yen
- The PhD Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,The PhD Program of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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17
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Ovatodiolide of Anisomeles indica Exerts the Anticancer Potential on Pancreatic Cancer Cell Lines through STAT3 and NF-κB Regulation. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:8680372. [PMID: 27242913 PMCID: PMC4875986 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8680372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is the eighth leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Patients with pancreatic cancer are normally diagnosed at an advanced stage and present poor survival rate. Ovatodiolide (OV), a bioactive macrocyclic diterpenoid isolated from Anisomeles indica, showed cytotoxicity effects in pancreatic cancer cells by inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis. Moreover, not only were cell adhesion and invasion markedly suppressed in a dose-dependent manner, but the mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) was also significantly decreased. Western blot analysis indicated that OV potently suppressed the phosphorylation of STAT-3 and its upstream kinase including ERK1/2, P38, and AKT Ser473. Meanwhile, OV inactivated the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) by inhibiting IκB kinase (IKK α/β) activation and the subsequent suppression of inhibitor of kappa B (IκB) phosphorylation. These results demonstrated that OV could potentially inhibit Mia-PaCa2 cancer cells proliferation and induce apoptosis through modulation of NF-κB and STAT3 pathway. Moreover, OV suppressed cell invasiveness and interfered with cell-matrix adhesion in Mia-PaCa2 cancer cells by reducing MMP-9 and FAK transcription through suppressing NF-κB and STAT3 pathway. Taken together, our findings reveal a new therapeutic and antimetastatic potential of ovatodiolide for pancreatic cancer remedy.
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18
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Ovatodiolide Inhibits Breast Cancer Stem/Progenitor Cells through SMURF2-Mediated Downregulation of Hsp27. Toxins (Basel) 2016; 8:toxins8050127. [PMID: 27136586 PMCID: PMC4885042 DOI: 10.3390/toxins8050127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem/progenitor cells (CSCs) are a subpopulation of cancer cells involved in tumor initiation, resistance to therapy and metastasis. Targeting CSCs has been considered as the key for successful cancer therapy. Ovatodiolide (Ova) is a macrocyclic diterpenoid compound isolated from Anisomeles indica (L.) Kuntze with anti-cancer activity. Here we used two human breast cancer cell lines (AS-B145 and BT-474) to examine the effect of Ova on breast CSCs. We first discovered that Ova displayed an anti-proliferation activity in these two breast cancer cells. Ova also inhibited the self-renewal capability of breast CSCs (BCSCs) which was determined by mammosphere assay. Ova dose-dependently downregulated the expression of stemness genes, octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (Oct4) and Nanog, as well as heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27), but upregulated SMAD ubiquitin regulatory factor 2 (SMURF2) in mammosphere cells derived from AS-B145 or BT-474. Overexpression of Hsp27 or knockdown of SMURF2 in AS-B145 cells diminished the therapeutic effect of ovatodiolide in the suppression of mammosphere formation. In summary, our data reveal that Ova displays an anti-CSC activity through SMURF2-mediated downregulation of Hsp27. Ova could be further developed as an anti-CSC agent in the treatment of breast cancer.
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19
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Uddin MJ, Abdullah-Al-Mamun M, Biswas K, Asaduzzaman M, Rahman MM. Assessment of anticholinesterase activities and antioxidant potentials of Anisomeles indica relevant to the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-016-0224-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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20
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Wang SH, Liang CH, Liang FP, Ding HY, Lin SP, Huang GJ, Lin WC, Juang SH. The Inhibitory Mechanisms Study of 5,6,4'-Trihydroxy-7,3'-Dimethoxyflavone against the LPS-Induced Macrophage Inflammatory Responses through the Antioxidant Ability. Molecules 2016; 21:136. [PMID: 26805809 PMCID: PMC6274540 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21020136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The whole plant of Anisomeles ovata has been widely used in Taiwan for treating inflammation-related skin and liver diseases, however, the detailed pharmacology mechanisms have yet to be elucidated. In the present study, one of the major components, 5,6,4'-trihydroxy-7,3'-dimethoxyflavone (5-TDMF), was purified from a methanol extract of Anisomeles ovata. A pharmacological study of this compound suggests that 5-TDMF possesses potent free radical scavenging activity both in vitro and ex vivo. Furthermore, 5-TDMF reduces nitric oxide and pro-inflammatory cytokine production in LPC-treated RAW 264.7 cells through the attenuation of nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2. Additional experiments suggest that of 5-TDMF interferes with nuclear factor-κB translocation and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. These results identify 5-TDMF as an anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory compound, explain the pharmacologic function of Anisomeles ovata and suggest its great potential as a new anti-inflammatory remedy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Hao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Hua Liang
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 717, Taiwan.
| | - Fong-Pin Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tajen University, Pingtung 907, Taiwan.
| | - Hsiou-Yu Ding
- Institute of Cosmetic Science, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 717, Taiwan.
| | - Shiuan-Pey Lin
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
| | - Guan-Jhong Huang
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Chuan Lin
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
| | - Shin-Hun Juang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tajen University, Pingtung 907, Taiwan.
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21
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Tu PTB, Tawata S. Anti-Oxidant, Anti-Aging, and Anti-Melanogenic Properties of the Essential Oils from Two Varieties of Alpinia zerumbet. Molecules 2015; 20:16723-40. [PMID: 26389869 PMCID: PMC6332289 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200916723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we investigated the anti-oxidant and anti-aging effects of essential oils (EOs) from the leaves of Alpinia zerumbet (tairin and shima) in vitro and anti-melanogenic effects in B16F10 melanoma cells. The anti-oxidant activities were performed with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH); 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS); nitric oxide; singlet oxygen; hydroxyl radical scavenging; and xanthine oxidase. The inhibitory activities against collagenase, elastase, hyaluronidase, and tyrosinase were employed for anti-aging. The anti-melanogenic was assessed in B16F10 melanoma cells by melanin synthesis and intracellular tyrosinase inhibitory activity. The volatile chemical composition of the essential oil was analyzed with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The EO was a complex mixture mainly consisting of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. The results revealed that tairin and shima EOs showed strong anti-oxidant activities against DPPH and nitric oxide, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, and xanthine oxidase inhibition. Compared to shima EO; tairin EO exhibited strong anti-aging activity by inhibiting collagenase, tyrosinase, hyaluronidase, and elastase (IC50 = 11 ± 0.1; 25 ± 1.2; 83 ± 1.6; and 213 ± 2 μg/mL, respectively). Both EOs inhibited intracellular tyrosinase activity; thus, reducing melanin synthesis. These results suggest that tairin EO has better anti-oxidant/anti-aging activity than shima EO, but both are equally anti-melanogenic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pham Thi Be Tu
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Korimoto 1-21-24, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan.
| | - Shinkichi Tawata
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus, Senbaru 1, Nishihara-cho, Okinawa 903-0129, Japan.
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Sharma J, Gairola S, Sharma YP, Gaur RD. Ethnomedicinal plants used to treat skin diseases by Tharu community of district Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand, India. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 158 Pt A:140-206. [PMID: 25448505 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/04/2014] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Tharu community is the largest primitive indigenous community of the Uttarakhand, India. In this article we have scientifically enumerated medicinal plants and herbal preparations used by the Tharu community to treat various skin diseases, and discussed dermatological properties of these plants in the light of previous ethnomedicinal, microbiological, pharmacological, toxicological, phytochemical and clinical studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ethnomedicinal survey was conducted in different villages of Tharu community located in district Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand, India. Ethnomedicinal information on plants used to treat various skin diseases was collected from 122 individuals (93 males and 29 females), including 35 experienced herbal practitioners and 87 local villagers. For each of the recorded plant species the use value (UV) and fidelity level (FL) was calculated. The informant consensus factor (Fic) was also calculated to find out the homogeneity in the information given by the informants. RESULTS A total of 90 plant species belonging to 86 genera and 48 families were used by the Tharu community to treat various skin diseases viz., wounds (38 spp.), boils (32 spp.), cuts (18 spp.), leprosy (11 spp.), eczema (10 spp.), itching (7 spp.), ringworm (5 spp.), burns (4 spp.), leucoderma (4 spp.), cracked heels (2 spp.), dandruff (3 spp.), body infection (2 spp.), chilblains (2 spp.), hair fall (2 spp.) and toes infection (2 spp.). Information on botanical name, family, vernacular name, ailments treated, mode and dose of herbal preparations, UV and FL values are provided for each of the recorded species. According to UV value most preferred plant species used to treat skin diseases by Tharu community was Ricinus communis L. followed by Tridax procumbens (L.) L., Azadirachta indica A. Juss., Ageratum conyzoides and Allium cepa L. CONCLUSIONS The present study has revealed significant information on various medicinal plants used to treat skin diseases by Tharu community. Literature review has confirmed most of the claims made by the Tharu community regarding treatment of various skin diseases by the reported plants. The literature review has also revealed that products from very few of the reported plants are available in market, while most of the reported plants are still under preclinical or clinical trials. There are various known phytochemicals, and antibiotic, antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal agents present in these plants which may be synthesized or transformed to make pharmaceuticals. Some of the reported plants have shown promising results in preclinical trails and there is a need of clinical trials to see their safety and efficacy in treating various skin diseases. These plants may be targeted for development of new medicines, ointments or drugs for the treatment of skin diseases. However further toxicological, preclinical and clinical studies are needed to validate claims about little worked out plant species reported in the present study viz., Sida cordata (Burm. F.) Borss. Waalk., Millettia extensa (Benth.) Baker, Caesulia axillaris Roxb., Ehretia laevis Roxb., Vanda tessellate (Roxb.) Hook. Ex G.Don. and Eualaliopsis binata (Retz.) C.E. Hubb. Further studies on these plants are recommended to assess their potential in development of new skin care products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyotsana Sharma
- Department of Botany, University of Jammu, Jammu-Tawi 180006, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
| | - Sumeet Gairola
- Herbarium and Plant Systematics Section, Biodiversity and Applied Botany Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu-Tawi 180001, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
| | - Yash Pal Sharma
- Department of Botany, University of Jammu, Jammu-Tawi 180006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - R D Gaur
- Department of Botany, HNB Garhwal University, Srinagar Garhwal 246174, Uttarakhand, India
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Nagarani G, Abirami A, Siddhuraju P. A comparative study on antioxidant potentials, inhibitory activities against key enzymes related to metabolic syndrome, and anti-inflammatory activity of leaf extract from different Momordica species. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2014.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Huey-Chun H, Tzu-Fang H, Heng-Li C, Chin-Chu C, Shu-Wen C, Tsong-Min C. Inhibition of melanogenesis in murine melanoma cells by Agaricus brasiliensis methanol extract and anti-reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.5897/ajmr2013.6271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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The Dual Antimelanogenic and Antioxidant Activities of the Essential Oil Extracted from the Leaves of Acorus macrospadiceus (Yamamoto) F. N. Wei et Y. K. Li. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 2012:781280. [PMID: 23304214 PMCID: PMC3523791 DOI: 10.1155/2012/781280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 09/06/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The antimelanogenic and antioxidant activities of the essential oil extracted from the leaves of Acorus macrospadiceus (Yamamoto) F. N. Wei et Y. K. Li have never been explored. The essential oil effectively inhibited mushroom tyrosinase activity (EC50 = 1.57 mg/mL) and B16F10 tyrosinase activity (IC50 = 1.01 mg/mL), decreased the melanin content (EC50 = 1.04 mg/mL), and depleted the cellular level of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) (EC50 = 1.87 mg/mL). The essential oil effectively scavenged 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) (EC50 = 0.121 mg/mL) and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) ABTS+ radicals (EC50 = 0.122 mg/mL). It also exhibited an apparent reducing power (EC50 = 0.021 mg/mL) and metal-ion chelating activity (EC50 = 0.029 mg/mL). The chemical constituents of the essential oil are ethers (55.73%), ketones (19.57%), monoterpenes (7.82%), alcohols (3.85%), esters (3.77%), sesquiterpenes (3.72%), and aromatic compounds (2.85%). The results confirm that A. macrospadiceus essential oil is a natural antioxidant and inhibitor of melanogenesis.
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