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Enweasor C, Flayer CH, Haczku A. Ozone-Induced Oxidative Stress, Neutrophilic Airway Inflammation, and Glucocorticoid Resistance in Asthma. Front Immunol 2021; 12:631092. [PMID: 33717165 PMCID: PMC7952990 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.631092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in using biologicals that target Th2 pathways, glucocorticoids form the mainstay of asthma treatment. Asthma morbidity and mortality remain high due to the wide variability of treatment responsiveness and complex clinical phenotypes driven by distinct underlying mechanisms. Emerging evidence suggests that inhalation of the toxic air pollutant, ozone, worsens asthma by impairing glucocorticoid responsiveness. This review discusses the role of oxidative stress in glucocorticoid resistance in asthma. The underlying mechanisms point to a central role of oxidative stress pathways. The primary data source for this review consisted of peer-reviewed publications on the impact of ozone on airway inflammation and glucocorticoid responsiveness indexed in PubMed. Our main search strategy focused on cross-referencing "asthma and glucocorticoid resistance" against "ozone, oxidative stress, alarmins, innate lymphoid, NK and γδ T cells, dendritic cells and alveolar type II epithelial cells, glucocorticoid receptor and transcription factors". Recent work was placed in the context from articles in the last 10 years and older seminal research papers and comprehensive reviews. We excluded papers that did not focus on respiratory injury in the setting of oxidative stress. The pathways discussed here have however wide clinical implications to pathologies associated with inflammation and oxidative stress and in which glucocorticoid treatment is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chioma Enweasor
- UC Davis Lung Center, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Cameron H. Flayer
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Angela Haczku
- UC Davis Lung Center, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
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Abi Nahed R, Reynaud D, Lemaitre N, Lartigue S, Roelants C, Vaiman D, Benharouga M, Cochet C, Filhol O, Alfaidy N. Protein kinase CK2 contributes to placental development: physiological and pathological implications. J Mol Med (Berl) 2019; 98:123-133. [PMID: 31832700 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-019-01855-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is the most threatening pathology of human pregnancy. Its development is thought to be due to a failure in the invasion of trophoblast cells that establish the feto-maternal circulation. Protein kinase CK2 is a ubiquitous enzyme reported to be involved in the control of cell invasion. CK2 consists of two subunits, a catalytic subunit, CK2α, and a regulatory subunit, CK2β. To date, no data exist regarding the expression and role of this enzyme in normal and PE pregnancies. We performed studies, at the clinical level using distinctive cohorts from early pregnancy (n = 24) and from PE (n = 23) and age-matched controls (n = 28); in vitro, using trophoblast cell lines; ex vivo, using placental explants; and in vivo, using PE mouse models. We demonstrated that (i) CK2 is more expressed during the late first trimester of pregnancy and is mainly localized in differentiated trophoblast cells, (ii) the inhibition of its enzymatic activity decreased the proliferation, migration, invasion, and syncytialization of trophoblast cells, both in 2D and 3D culture systems, and (iii) CK2 activity and the CK2α/CK2β protein ratio were increased in PE human placentas. The pattern and profile of CK2 expression were confirmed in gravid mice along with an increase in the PE mouse models. Altogether, our results demonstrate that CK2 plays an essential role in the establishment of the feto-maternal circulation and that its deregulation is associated with PE development. The increase in CK2 activity in PE might constitute a compensatory mechanism to ensure proper pregnancy progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Abi Nahed
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité, 1036, Grenoble, France. .,Université Grenoble-Alpes, 38000, Grenoble, France. .,Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Interdisciplinary Research Institure of Grenoble (IRIG), Grenoble, France.
| | - Deborah Reynaud
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité, 1036, Grenoble, France.,Université Grenoble-Alpes, 38000, Grenoble, France.,Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Interdisciplinary Research Institure of Grenoble (IRIG), Grenoble, France
| | - Nicolas Lemaitre
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité, 1036, Grenoble, France.,Université Grenoble-Alpes, 38000, Grenoble, France.,Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Interdisciplinary Research Institure of Grenoble (IRIG), Grenoble, France
| | - Solene Lartigue
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité, 1036, Grenoble, France.,Université Grenoble-Alpes, 38000, Grenoble, France.,Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Interdisciplinary Research Institure of Grenoble (IRIG), Grenoble, France
| | - Caroline Roelants
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité, 1036, Grenoble, France.,Université Grenoble-Alpes, 38000, Grenoble, France.,Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Interdisciplinary Research Institure of Grenoble (IRIG), Grenoble, France.,Inovarion, Paris, France
| | - Daniel Vaiman
- Genomics, Epigenetics and Physiopathology of Reproduction, Institut Cochin, U1016 Inserm- UMR 8104 CNRS - Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Mohamed Benharouga
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, 38000, Grenoble, France.,Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Interdisciplinary Research Institure of Grenoble (IRIG), Grenoble, France.,Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5249, Grenoble, France
| | - Claude Cochet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité, 1036, Grenoble, France.,Université Grenoble-Alpes, 38000, Grenoble, France.,Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Interdisciplinary Research Institure of Grenoble (IRIG), Grenoble, France
| | - Odile Filhol
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité, 1036, Grenoble, France.,Université Grenoble-Alpes, 38000, Grenoble, France.,Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Interdisciplinary Research Institure of Grenoble (IRIG), Grenoble, France
| | - Nadia Alfaidy
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité, 1036, Grenoble, France.,Université Grenoble-Alpes, 38000, Grenoble, France.,Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Interdisciplinary Research Institure of Grenoble (IRIG), Grenoble, France
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DK1 Induces Apoptosis via Mitochondria-Dependent Signaling Pathway in Human Colon Carcinoma Cell Lines In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19041151. [PMID: 29641445 PMCID: PMC5979415 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Extensive research has been done in the search for innovative treatments against colon adenocarcinomas; however, the incidence rate of patients remains a major cause of cancer-related deaths in Malaysia. Natural bioactive compounds such as curcumin have been substantially studied as an alternative to anticancer drug therapies and have been surmised as a potent agent but, nevertheless, remain deficient due to its poor cellular uptake. Therefore, efforts now have shifted toward mimicking curcumin to synthesize novel compounds sharing similar effects. A synthetic analog, (Z)-3-hydroxy-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-ene-1-one (DK1), was recently synthesized and reported to confer improved bioavailability and selectivity toward human breast cancer cells. This study, therefore, aims to assess the anticancer mechanism of DK1 in relation to the induction of in vitro cell death in selected human colon cancer cell lines. Using the3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT) assay, the cytotoxicity of DK1 towards HT29 and SW620 cell lines were investigated. Acridine orange/propidium iodide (AO/PI) dual-staining assay and flow cytometry analyses (cell cycle analysis, Annexin/V-FITC and JC-1 assays) were incorporated to determine the mode of cell death. To further determine the mechanism of cell death, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and proteome profiling were conducted. Results from this study suggest that DK1 induced changes in cell morphology, leading to a decrease in cell viability and subsequent induction of apoptosis. DK1 treatment inhibited cell viability and proliferation 48 h post treatment with IC50 values of 7.5 ± 1.6 µM for HT29 cells and 14.5 ± 4.3 µM for SW620 cells, causing cell cycle arrest with increased accumulation of cell populations at the sub-G0/G1phaseof 74% and 23%, respectively. Flow cytometry analyses showed that DK1 treatment in cancer cells induced apoptosis, as indicated by DNA fragmentation and depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane. qRT-PCR results show significant upregulation in the expression of caspase-9 in both HT29 and SW620 cell lines, further supporting that cell death induction by DK1 is via an intrinsic pathway. These outcomes, therefore, demonstrate DK1 as a potential anticancer agent for colon adenocarcinoma due to its anti-apoptotic attributes.
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Abstract
Characteristics of cancer cells include a more oxidized redox environment, metabolic reprogramming and apoptosis resistance. Our studies with a lymphoma model have explored connections between the cellular redox environment and cancer cell phenotypes. Alterations seen in lymphoma cells made resistant to oxidative stress include: a more oxidized redox environment despite increased expression of antioxidant enzymes, enhanced net tumour growth, metabolic changes involving the mitochondria and resistance to the mitochondrial pathway to apoptosis. Of particular importance, the cells show cross-resistance to multiple chemotherapeutic agents used to treat aggressive lymphomas. Analyses of clinical and tumour data reveal the worst prognosis when patients' lymphomas have gene expression patterns consistent with the most oxidized redox environment. Lymphomas from patients with the worst survival outcomes express increased levels of proteins involved in oxidative phosphorylation, including cytochrome c. This is consistent with these cells functioning as metabolic opportunists. Using lymphoma cell models and primary lymphoma cultures, we observed enhanced killing using genetic and drug approaches which further oxidize the cellular redox environment. These approaches include increased expression of SOD2 (superoxide dismutase 2), treatment with a manganoporphyrin that oxidizes the glutathione redox couple, or treatment with a copper chelator that inhibits SOD1 and leads to peroxynitrite-dependent cell death. The latter approach effectively kills lymphoma cells that overexpress the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. Given the central role of mitochondria in redox homoeostasis, metabolism and the intrinsic pathway to apoptosis, our studies support the development of new anti-cancer drugs to target this organelle.
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Velliou EG, Dos Santos SB, Papathanasiou MM, Fuentes-Gari M, Misener R, Panoskaltsis N, Pistikopoulos EN, Mantalaris A. Towards unravelling the kinetics of an acute myeloid leukaemia model system under oxidative and starvation stress: a comparison between two- and three-dimensional cultures. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2015; 38:1589-600. [PMID: 25911423 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-015-1401-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A great challenge when conducting ex vivo studies of leukaemia is the construction of an appropriate experimental platform that would recapitulate the bone marrow (BM) environment. Such a 3D scaffold system has been previously developed in our group [1]. Additionally to the BM architectural characteristics, parameters such as oxygen and glucose concentration are crucial as their value could differ between patients as well as within the same patient at different stages of treatment, consequently affecting the resistance of leukaemia to chemotherapy. The effect of oxidative and glucose stress-at levels close to human physiologic ones-on the proliferation and metabolic evolution of an AML model system (K-562 cell line) in conventional 2D cultures as well as in 3D scaffolds were studied. We observed that the K-562 cell line can proliferate and remain alive for 2 weeks in medium with glucose close to physiological levels both in 20 and 5% O2. We report interesting differences on the cellular response to the environmental, i.e., oxidative and/or nutritional stress stimuli in 2D and 3D. Higher adaptation to oxidative stress under non-starving conditions is observed in the 3D system. The glucose level in the medium has more impact on the cellular proliferation in the 3D compared to the 2D system. These differences can be of significant importance both when applying chemotherapy in vitro and also when constructing mathematical tools for optimisation of disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini G Velliou
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK,
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Cai Y, Chen H, Mo X, Tang Y, Xu X, Zhang A, Lun Z, Lu F, Wang Y, Shen J. Toxoplasma gondii inhibits apoptosis via a novel STAT3-miR-17-92-Bim pathway in macrophages. Cell Signal 2014; 26:1204-12. [PMID: 24583285 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2014.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In order to accomplish their life cycles, intracellular pathogens, including the apicomplexan Toxoplasma gondii, subvert the innate apoptotic response of infected host cells. However, the precise mechanisms of parasite interference with the apoptotic pathway remain unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. Using T. gondii strain TgCtwh3, which was isolated from felids and possesses the predominant genotype China 1 (ToxoDB(#)9) in China, we analyzed the miRNA expression profile of human macrophages challenged with TgCtwh3. The results showed that miR-17-92 miRNA expression was significantly increased and Bim was decreased in TgCtwh3-infected cells. Database analysis of miR-17-92 miRNAs revealed the potential binding sites in the 3'UTR of Bim, one of the crucial effectors of pro-apoptosis. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the promoter of the miR-17-92 gene cluster which encodes miRNAs was transactivated through the promoter binding of the STAT3 following TgCtwh3 infection. Taken together, we describe a novel STAT3-miR-17-92-Bim pathway, thus providing a mechanistic explanation for inhibition of apoptosis of host cells following Toxoplasma infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihong Cai
- Anhui Provincial Laboratories of Pathogen Biology and Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Department of Immunology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - He Chen
- Anhui Provincial Laboratories of Pathogen Biology and Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xuwei Mo
- Anhui Provincial Laboratories of Pathogen Biology and Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuanyuan Tang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratories of Pathogen Biology and Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiucai Xu
- Anhui Provincial Laboratories of Pathogen Biology and Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; The Central Laboratory of Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Aimei Zhang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratories of Pathogen Biology and Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; The Central Laboratory of Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhaorong Lun
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control, The Ministry of Education, Zhongshan Medical College, China; Department of Pathogen Biology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fangli Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control, The Ministry of Education, Zhongshan Medical College, China; Department of Pathogen Biology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jilong Shen
- Anhui Provincial Laboratories of Pathogen Biology and Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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Domann FE. Aberrant free radical biology is a unifying theme in the etiology and pathogenesis of major human diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:8491-5. [PMID: 23594999 PMCID: PMC3645757 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14048491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Revised: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The seemingly disparate areas of oxygen toxicity, radiation exposure, and aging are now recognized to share a common feature—the aberrant production and/or removal of biologically derived free radicals and other reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS). Advances in our understanding of the effects of free radicals in biology and medicine have been, and continue to be, actively translated into clinically tractable diagnostic and therapeutic applications. This issue is dedicated to recent advances, both basic discoveries and clinical applications, in the field of free radicals in biology and medicine. As more is understood about the proximal biological targets of aberrantly produced or removed reactive species, their sensors, and effectors of compensatory response, a great deal more will be learned about the commonalities in mechanisms underlying seemingly disparate disease states. Together with this deeper understanding, opportunities will arise to devise rational therapeutic interventions to decrease the incidence and severity of these diseases and positively impact the human healthspan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick E Domann
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Surgery, and Pathology; Carver College of Medicine, the University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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