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Balci-Ozyurt A, Yirün A, Cakır DA, Zeybek ND, Oral D, Sabuncuoğlu S, Erkekoğlu P. Evaluation of possible cytotoxic, genotoxic and epigenotoxic effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and possible protective effect of melatonin. Toxicol Mech Methods 2024; 34:109-121. [PMID: 37794599 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2023.2259980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are particles of matter that are between 1 to 100 nm in diameter. They are suggested to cause toxic effects in both humans and environment thorough different mechanisms. However, their toxicity profile may be different from the parent material. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) NPs are widely used in cosmetic, pharmaceutical and food industries. As a white pigment, the use of TiO2 is used in food coloring, industrial paints, clothing and UV filters has increased tremendously in recent years. Melatonin, on the other hand, is a well-known antioxidant and may prevent oxidative stress caused by a variety of different substances, including NPs. In the current study, we aimed to comparatively investigate the effects of normal-sized TiO2 (220 nm) and nano-sized TiO2 (21 nm) on cytopathology, cytotoxicity, oxidative damage (lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and glutathione), genotoxicity (8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine), apoptosis (caspase 3, 8 and 9) and epigenetic alterations (global DNA methylation, H3 acetylation) on 3T3 fibroblast cells. In addition, the possible protective effects of melatonin, which is known to have strong antioxidant effects, against the toxicity of TiO2 were also evaluated. Study groups were: a. the control group; b. melatonin group; c. TiO2 group; d. nano-sized TiO2 group; e. TiO2 + melatonin group and f. nano-sized TiO2 + melatonin group. We observed that both normal-sized and nano-sized TiO2 NPs showed significant toxic effects. However, TiO2 NPs caused higher DNA damage and global DNA methylation compared to normal-sized TiO2 whereas normal-sized TiO2 led to lower H3 acetylation vs. TiO2 NPs. Melatonin showed partial protective effect against the toxicity caused by TiO2 NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aylin Balci-Ozyurt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Bahçeşehir University School of Pharmacy, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Anıl Yirün
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Çukurova University Faculty of Pharmacy, Adana, Turkey
| | - Deniz Arca Cakır
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Vaccine Technology, Hacettepe University Vaccine Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - N Dilara Zeybek
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Didem Oral
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Düzce University Faculty of Pharmacy, Düzce, Turkey
| | - Suna Sabuncuoğlu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pınar Erkekoğlu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Vaccine Technology, Hacettepe University Vaccine Institute, Ankara, Turkey
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Sierra-Sánchez Á, Magne B, Savard E, Martel C, Ferland K, Barbier MA, Demers A, Larouche D, Arias-Santiago S, Germain L. In vitro comparison of human plasma-based and self-assembled tissue-engineered skin substitutes: two different manufacturing processes for the treatment of deep and difficult to heal injuries. BURNS & TRAUMA 2023; 11:tkad043. [PMID: 37908563 PMCID: PMC10615253 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkad043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Background The aim of this in vitro study was to compare side-by-side two models of human bilayered tissue-engineered skin substitutes (hbTESSs) designed for the treatment of severely burned patients. These are the scaffold-free self-assembled skin substitute (SASS) and the human plasma-based skin substitute (HPSS). Methods Fibroblasts and keratinocytes from three humans were extracted from skin biopsies (N = 3) and cells from the same donor were used to produce both hbTESS models. For SASS manufacture, keratinocytes were seeded over three self-assembled dermal sheets comprising fibroblasts and the extracellular matrix they produced (n = 12), while for HPSS production, keratinocytes were cultured over hydrogels composed of fibroblasts embedded in either plasma as unique biomaterial (Fibrin), plasma combined with hyaluronic acid (Fibrin-HA) or plasma combined with collagen (Fibrin-Col) (n/biomaterial = 9). The production time was 46-55 days for SASSs and 32-39 days for HPSSs. Substitutes were characterized by histology, mechanical testing, PrestoBlue™-assay, immunofluorescence (Ki67, Keratin (K) 10, K15, K19, Loricrin, type IV collagen) and Western blot (type I and IV collagens). Results The SASSs were more resistant to tensile forces (p-value < 0.01) but less elastic (p-value < 0.001) compared to HPSSs. A higher number of proliferative Ki67+ cells were found in SASSs although their metabolic activity was lower. After epidermal differentiation, no significant difference was observed in the expression of K10, K15, K19 and Loricrin. Overall, the production of type I and type IV collagens and the adhesive strength of the dermal-epidermal junction was higher in SASSs. Conclusions This study demonstrates, for the first time, that both hbTESS models present similar in vitro biological characteristics. However, mechanical properties differ and future in vivo experiments will aim to compare their wound healing potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Sierra-Sánchez
- LOEX Tissue Engineering Laboratory and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, 1401 18e rue, Québec (Québec) G1J 1Z4, Canada
- CHU de Québec – Université Laval Research Center, Division of Regenerative Medicine, 1401 18e rue, Québec (Québec) G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Unidad de Producción Celular e Ingeniería Tisular (UPCIT), Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, ibs. GRANADA, Andalusian Network for the design and translation of Advanced Therapies, Av. de las Fuerzas Armadas, Nº2, 4ª Planta Ed. de Gobierno, 18014, Granada, Spain
| | - Brice Magne
- LOEX Tissue Engineering Laboratory and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, 1401 18e rue, Québec (Québec) G1J 1Z4, Canada
- CHU de Québec – Université Laval Research Center, Division of Regenerative Medicine, 1401 18e rue, Québec (Québec) G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Etienne Savard
- LOEX Tissue Engineering Laboratory and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, 1401 18e rue, Québec (Québec) G1J 1Z4, Canada
- CHU de Québec – Université Laval Research Center, Division of Regenerative Medicine, 1401 18e rue, Québec (Québec) G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Christian Martel
- LOEX Tissue Engineering Laboratory and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, 1401 18e rue, Québec (Québec) G1J 1Z4, Canada
- CHU de Québec – Université Laval Research Center, Division of Regenerative Medicine, 1401 18e rue, Québec (Québec) G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Karel Ferland
- LOEX Tissue Engineering Laboratory and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, 1401 18e rue, Québec (Québec) G1J 1Z4, Canada
- CHU de Québec – Université Laval Research Center, Division of Regenerative Medicine, 1401 18e rue, Québec (Québec) G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Martin A Barbier
- LOEX Tissue Engineering Laboratory and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, 1401 18e rue, Québec (Québec) G1J 1Z4, Canada
- CHU de Québec – Université Laval Research Center, Division of Regenerative Medicine, 1401 18e rue, Québec (Québec) G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Anabelle Demers
- LOEX Tissue Engineering Laboratory and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, 1401 18e rue, Québec (Québec) G1J 1Z4, Canada
- CHU de Québec – Université Laval Research Center, Division of Regenerative Medicine, 1401 18e rue, Québec (Québec) G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Danielle Larouche
- LOEX Tissue Engineering Laboratory and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, 1401 18e rue, Québec (Québec) G1J 1Z4, Canada
- CHU de Québec – Université Laval Research Center, Division of Regenerative Medicine, 1401 18e rue, Québec (Québec) G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Salvador Arias-Santiago
- Unidad de Producción Celular e Ingeniería Tisular (UPCIT), Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, ibs. GRANADA, Andalusian Network for the design and translation of Advanced Therapies, Av. de las Fuerzas Armadas, Nº2, 4ª Planta Ed. de Gobierno, 18014, Granada, Spain
- Department of Dermatology, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Av. Madrid, Nº11–15, 18012, Granada, Spain
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Av. de la Investigación, Nº11, 18016, Granada, Spain
| | - Lucie Germain
- LOEX Tissue Engineering Laboratory and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, 1401 18e rue, Québec (Québec) G1J 1Z4, Canada
- CHU de Québec – Université Laval Research Center, Division of Regenerative Medicine, 1401 18e rue, Québec (Québec) G1J 1Z4, Canada
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Xu L, Wang G, Shi R, Zeng B, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Dong N, Wang S, Li C. A cocktail of small molecules maintains the stemness and differentiation potential of conjunctival epithelial cells. Ocul Surf 2023; 30:107-118. [PMID: 37634570 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2023.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The conjunctival epithelial cells cultured with bovine serum or feeder cells were not suitable for clinical application. Therefore, we developed a novel serum-free and feeder cell-free culture system containing only a cocktail of three chemicals (3C) to expand the conjunctival epithelial cells. METHODS The cell proliferative ability was evaluated by counting, crystal violet staining and Ki67 immunostaining. Co-staining of K7 and MUC5AC was performed to identify goblet cells. PAS staining was used to assess the ability of cells to synthesis and secrete glycoproteins. In vivo, eye drops containing 3C was administered to verify the role of 3C in the mouse conjunctival injury model. PAS, HE and immunofluorescence staining were performed to show conjunctival epithelial repair. RESULTS Compared with other small molecule groups and the serum group, the cells in 3C group showed superior morphology and proliferative ability. Meanwhile, 3C maintained the well-proliferative capacity of cells even after fifth passage. The 3C group also exhibited more K7 and MUC5AC double positive cells, and the PAS staining positive areas were present in both the cytoplasm and extracellular matrix. The cell sheets treated with 3C in air-lifted culture were obviously stratified. In vivo, more goblet cells in the conjunctival epithelium were observed in the 3C group. CONCLUSION Overall, our culture system can expand the conjunctival epithelial cells and retain their potential to differentiate into mature goblet cells, which provided a promising source of seed cells for conjunctival reconstruction. Furthermore, this system provides new insights for the clinical treatment of ocular surface diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China
| | - Guoliang Wang
- Huaxia Eye Hospital of Quanzhou, Quanzhou, Fujian, 362000, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Ruize Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China
| | - Baihui Zeng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Nuo Dong
- Huaxia Eye Hospital of Quanzhou, Quanzhou, Fujian, 362000, China; Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.
| | - Shurong Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China.
| | - Cheng Li
- Huaxia Eye Hospital of Quanzhou, Quanzhou, Fujian, 362000, China; Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China; Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
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Sierra-Sánchez Á, Barbier MA, Magne B, Larouche D, Arias-Santiago S, Germain L. Comparison of Two Human Skin Cell Isolation Protocols and Their Influence on Keratinocyte and Fibroblast Culture. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14712. [PMID: 37834159 PMCID: PMC10572435 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
For the development of advanced therapies, the use of primary cells instead of cell lines is preferred. The manufacture of human tissue-engineered skin substitutes requires efficient isolation and culture protocols allowing a massive expansion of the cells in culture from an initial specimen of a minimal size. This study compared two skin cell isolation protocols, routinely applied in two clinical laboratories. Epithelial (keratinocytes) and dermal (fibroblasts) cells were isolated and cultured from three human skin biopsies (N = 3). The two-step digestion protocol (LOEX-Protocol) firstly used thermolysin to enzymatically disrupt the dermal-epidermal junction while, for the one-step digestion protocol (UPCIT-Protocol), mechanical detachment with scissors was applied. Then, the epidermal and dermal layers were digested, respectively, to achieve cell isolation. The cell size, viability, yield and growth were analyzed over five passages (P). The colony-forming efficiency (CFE) and Keratin 19 (K19) expression of epithelial cells were also assessed after P0 and P1. Regarding the dermal cells, no significant differences were observed in the tested parameters of isolation and culture. However, for the epithelial cells, viability was higher (93% vs. 85%) and the number of cells extracted per cm2 of skin was 3.4 times higher using the LOEX-Protocol compared to the UPCIT-Protocol. No significant difference was observed for any parameter once the keratinocytes were cultured from P1 to P4. The CFE and K19 expression decreased from P0 to P1 in both protocols, probably due to the culture process. This study shows that both protocols enable the efficient isolation of skin dermal and epithelial cells and subsequent culture to produce grafts destined for the treatment of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Sierra-Sánchez
- LOEX Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Université Laval Research Center and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Unidad de Producción Celular e Ingeniería Tisular (UPCIT), Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, ibs.Granada, Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Martin A Barbier
- LOEX Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Université Laval Research Center and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Brice Magne
- LOEX Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Université Laval Research Center and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Danielle Larouche
- LOEX Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Université Laval Research Center and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Salvador Arias-Santiago
- Unidad de Producción Celular e Ingeniería Tisular (UPCIT), Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, ibs.Granada, Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, 18014 Granada, Spain
- Department of Dermatology, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Lucie Germain
- LOEX Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Université Laval Research Center and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
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Attiogbe E, Larochelle S, Chaib Y, Mainzer C, Mauroux A, Bordes S, Closs B, Gilbert C, Moulin VJ. An in vitro autologous, vascularized, and immunocompetent Tissue Engineered Skin model obtained by the self-assembled approach. Acta Biomater 2023; 168:361-371. [PMID: 37419164 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
A complete in vitro skin model, containing resident cell types is needed to understand physiology and to consider the role of immune and endothelial cells in dermal drug testing. In this study, a cell extraction technique was developed to isolate resident skin cells from the same human donor while preserving the immune and endothelial cells. Then those cells were used to reconstruct an autologous, vascularized, and immunocompetent Tissue-Engineered Skin model, aviTES. Phenotypic characterization of the viable cells was performed on freshly isolated cells and after thawing through flow cytometry. Dermal cell extracts were characterized as fibroblasts, endothelial and immune cells, and the average amount of each cell type represents 4, 0.5, and 1 million viable cells per g of the dermis, respectively. The 3D models, TES and aviTES, were characterized by a fully differentiated epidermis that showed an increase in the presence of Ki67+ cells in the basolateral layer of the aviTES model. Capillary-like network formation, through the self-assembly of endothelial cells, and the presence of functional immune cells were identified through immunofluorescence staining in aviTES. In addition, the aviTES model was immunocompetent, as evidenced by its capacity to increase the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, MIP-1α, and GM-CSF following LPS stimulation. This study describes an autologous skin model containing a functional resident skin immune system and a capillary network. It provides a relevant tool to study the contribution of the immune system to skin diseases and inflammatory responses and to investigate resident skin cell interactions and drug development. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: There is an urgent need for a complete in vitro skin model containing the resident cell types to better understand the role of immune and endothelial cells in skin and to be able to use it for drug testing. Actual 3D models of human skin most often contain only fibroblasts and keratinocytes with a limited number of models containing endothelial cells or a limited variety of immune cells. This study describes an autologous skin model containing a functional resident skin immune system and a capillary network. It provides a relevant tool to study the contribution of the immune system to skin diseases and inflammatory responses and to investigate interactions between resident skin cell, improving our capacity to develop new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Attiogbe
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval (LOEX), Québec, QC, Canada; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Sébastien Larochelle
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval (LOEX), Québec, QC, Canada; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Yanis Chaib
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval (LOEX), Québec, QC, Canada; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Caroline Gilbert
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Véronique J Moulin
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval (LOEX), Québec, QC, Canada; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
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Doucet EJ, Cortez Ghio S, Barbier MA, Savard É, Magne B, Safoine M, Larouche D, Fradette J, Germain L. Production of Tissue-Engineered Skin Substitutes for Clinical Applications: Elimination of Serum. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12537. [PMID: 37628718 PMCID: PMC10454817 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue-engineered skin substitutes (TESs) are used as a treatment for severe burn injuries. Their production requires culturing both keratinocytes and fibroblasts. The methods to grow these cells have evolved over the years, but bovine serum is still commonly used in the culture medium. Because of the drawbacks associated with the use of serum, it would be advantageous to use serum-free media for the production of TESs. In a previous study, we developed a serum-free medium (Surge SFM) for the culture of keratinocytes. Herein, we tested the use of this medium, together with a commercially available serum-free medium for fibroblasts (Prime XV), to produce serum-free TESs. Our results show that serum-free TESs are macroscopically and histologically similar to skin substitutes produced with conventional serum-containing media. TESs produced with either culture media expressed keratin 14, Ki-67, transglutaminase 1, filaggrin, type I and IV collagen, and fibronectin comparably. Mechanical properties, such as contraction and tensile strength, were comparable between TESs cultured with and without serum. Serum-free TESs were also successfully grafted onto athymic mice for a six-month period. In conclusion, Surge SFM and Prime XV serum-free media could be used to produce high quality clinical-grade skin substitutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie J. Doucet
- The Tissue Engineering Laboratory (LOEX), Université Laval’s Research Center, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (E.J.D.); (S.C.G.); (M.A.B.); (É.S.); (B.M.); (M.S.); (D.L.); (J.F.)
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Sergio Cortez Ghio
- The Tissue Engineering Laboratory (LOEX), Université Laval’s Research Center, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (E.J.D.); (S.C.G.); (M.A.B.); (É.S.); (B.M.); (M.S.); (D.L.); (J.F.)
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Martin A. Barbier
- The Tissue Engineering Laboratory (LOEX), Université Laval’s Research Center, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (E.J.D.); (S.C.G.); (M.A.B.); (É.S.); (B.M.); (M.S.); (D.L.); (J.F.)
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Étienne Savard
- The Tissue Engineering Laboratory (LOEX), Université Laval’s Research Center, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (E.J.D.); (S.C.G.); (M.A.B.); (É.S.); (B.M.); (M.S.); (D.L.); (J.F.)
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Brice Magne
- The Tissue Engineering Laboratory (LOEX), Université Laval’s Research Center, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (E.J.D.); (S.C.G.); (M.A.B.); (É.S.); (B.M.); (M.S.); (D.L.); (J.F.)
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Meryem Safoine
- The Tissue Engineering Laboratory (LOEX), Université Laval’s Research Center, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (E.J.D.); (S.C.G.); (M.A.B.); (É.S.); (B.M.); (M.S.); (D.L.); (J.F.)
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Danielle Larouche
- The Tissue Engineering Laboratory (LOEX), Université Laval’s Research Center, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (E.J.D.); (S.C.G.); (M.A.B.); (É.S.); (B.M.); (M.S.); (D.L.); (J.F.)
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Julie Fradette
- The Tissue Engineering Laboratory (LOEX), Université Laval’s Research Center, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (E.J.D.); (S.C.G.); (M.A.B.); (É.S.); (B.M.); (M.S.); (D.L.); (J.F.)
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Lucie Germain
- The Tissue Engineering Laboratory (LOEX), Université Laval’s Research Center, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (E.J.D.); (S.C.G.); (M.A.B.); (É.S.); (B.M.); (M.S.); (D.L.); (J.F.)
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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A Newly Developed Chemically Defined Serum-Free Medium Suitable for Human Primary Keratinocyte Culture and Tissue Engineering Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031821. [PMID: 36768144 PMCID: PMC9915451 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In our experience, keratinocytes cultured in feeder-free conditions and in commercially available defined and serum-free media cannot be as efficiently massively expanded as their counterparts grown in conventional bovine serum-containing medium, nor can they properly form a stratified epidermis in a skin substitute model. We thus tested a new chemically defined serum-free medium, which we developed for massive human primary keratinocyte expansion and skin substitute production. Our medium, named Surge Serum-Free Medium (Surge SFM), was developed to be used alongside a feeder layer. It supports the growth of keratinocytes freshly isolated from a skin biopsy and cryopreserved primary keratinocytes in cultured monolayers over multiple passages. We also show that keratin-19-positive epithelial stem cells are retained through serial passaging in Surge SFM cultures. Transcriptomic analyses suggest that gene expression is similar between keratinocytes cultured with either Surge SFM or the conventional serum-containing medium. Additionally, Surge SFM can be used to produce bilayered self-assembled skin substitutes histologically similar to those produced using serum-containing medium. Furthermore, these substitutes were grafted onto athymic mice and persisted for up to six months. In conclusion, our new chemically defined serum-free keratinocyte culture medium shows great promise for basic research and clinical applications.
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Desjardins P, Berthiaume R, Couture C, Le-Bel G, Roy V, Gros-Louis F, Moulin VJ, Proulx S, Chemtob S, Germain L, Guérin SL. Impact of Exosomes Released by Different Corneal Cell Types on the Wound Healing Properties of Human Corneal Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12201. [PMID: 36293057 PMCID: PMC9602716 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Corneal wound healing involves communication between the different cell types that constitute the three cellular layers of the cornea (epithelium, stroma and endothelium), a process ensured in part by a category of extracellular vesicles called exosomes. In the present study, we isolated exosomes released by primary cultured human corneal epithelial cells (hCECs), corneal fibroblasts (hCFs) and corneal endothelial cells (hCEnCs) and determined whether they have wound healing characteristics of their own and to which point they modify the genetic and proteomic pattern of these cell types. Exosomes released by all three cell types significantly accelerated wound closure of scratch-wounded hCECs in vitro compared to controls (without exosomes). Profiling of activated kinases revealed that exosomes from human corneal cells caused the activation of signal transduction mediators that belong to the HSP27, STAT, β-catenin, GSK-3β and p38 pathways. Most of all, data from gene profiling analyses indicated that exosomes, irrespective of their cellular origin, alter a restricted subset of genes that are completely different between each targeted cell type (hCECs, hCFS, hCEnCs). Analysis of the genes specifically differentially regulated for a given cell-type in the microarray data using the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) software revealed that the mean gene expression profile of hCECs cultured in the presence of exosomes would likely promote cell proliferation and migration whereas it would reduce differentiation when compared to control cells. Collectively, our findings represent a conceptual advance in understanding the mechanisms of corneal wound repair that may ultimately open new avenues for the development of novel therapeutic approaches to improve closure of corneal wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascale Desjardins
- Regenerative Medicine Division of the Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Centre Universitaire d’Ophtalmologie (CUO)-Recherche, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, 1050 Chemin Ste-Foy, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Hôpital Enfant-Jésus, 1401 18e Rue, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Rébecca Berthiaume
- Regenerative Medicine Division of the Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Centre Universitaire d’Ophtalmologie (CUO)-Recherche, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, 1050 Chemin Ste-Foy, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Hôpital Enfant-Jésus, 1401 18e Rue, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Camille Couture
- Regenerative Medicine Division of the Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Centre Universitaire d’Ophtalmologie (CUO)-Recherche, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, 1050 Chemin Ste-Foy, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Hôpital Enfant-Jésus, 1401 18e Rue, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Gaëtan Le-Bel
- Regenerative Medicine Division of the Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Centre Universitaire d’Ophtalmologie (CUO)-Recherche, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, 1050 Chemin Ste-Foy, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Hôpital Enfant-Jésus, 1401 18e Rue, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Vincent Roy
- Regenerative Medicine Division of the Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Hôpital Enfant-Jésus, 1401 18e Rue, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - François Gros-Louis
- Regenerative Medicine Division of the Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Hôpital Enfant-Jésus, 1401 18e Rue, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Véronique J. Moulin
- Regenerative Medicine Division of the Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Hôpital Enfant-Jésus, 1401 18e Rue, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Stéphanie Proulx
- Regenerative Medicine Division of the Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Centre Universitaire d’Ophtalmologie (CUO)-Recherche, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, 1050 Chemin Ste-Foy, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Hôpital Enfant-Jésus, 1401 18e Rue, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Sylvain Chemtob
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Lucie Germain
- Regenerative Medicine Division of the Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Hôpital Enfant-Jésus, 1401 18e Rue, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Sylvain L. Guérin
- Regenerative Medicine Division of the Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Centre Universitaire d’Ophtalmologie (CUO)-Recherche, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, 1050 Chemin Ste-Foy, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Hôpital Enfant-Jésus, 1401 18e Rue, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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Evaluation of a Serum-Free Medium for Human Epithelial and Stromal Cell Culture. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231710035. [PMID: 36077429 PMCID: PMC9455993 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231710035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, growing demand from many domains (research, cosmetics, pharmaceutical industries, etc.) has given rise to significant expansion of the number of in vitro cell cultures. Despite the widespread use of fetal bovine serum, many issues remain. Among them, the whole constitution of most serums remains unknown and is subject to significant variations. Furthermore, the presence of potential contamination and xenogeny elements is challenging for clinical applications, while limited production is an obstacle to the growing demand. To circumvent these issues, a Serum-Free Medium (SFM) has been developed to culture dermal and vesical fibroblasts and their corresponding epithelial cells, namely, keratinocytes and urothelial cells. To assess the impact of SFM on these cells, proliferation, clonogenic and metabolic assays have been compared over three passages to conditions associated with the use of a classic Fetal Bovine Serum-Containing Medium (FBSCM). The results showed that the SFM enabled fibroblast and epithelial cell proliferation while maintaining a morphology, cell size and metabolism similar to those of FBSCM. SFM has repeatedly been found to be better suited for epithelial cell proliferation and clonogenicity. Fibroblasts and epithelial cells also showed more significant mitochondrial metabolism in the SFM compared to the FBSCM condition. However, the SFM may need further optimization to improve fibroblast proliferation.
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Le-Bel G, Desjardins P, Gross C, Cortez Ghio S, Couture C, Germain L, Guérin SL. Influence of the Postmortem/Storage Time of Human Corneas on the Properties of Cultured Limbal Epithelial Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11172716. [PMID: 36078126 PMCID: PMC9455001 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Besides being a powerful model to study the mechanisms of corneal wound healing, tissue-engineered human corneas (hTECs) are sparking interest as suitable substitutes for grafting purposes. To ensure the histological and physiological integrity of hTECs, the primary cultures generated from human cornea (identified as human limbal epithelial cells (hLECs) that are used to produce them must be of the highest possible quality. The goal of the present study consisted in evaluating the impact of the postmortem/storage time (PM/ST) on their properties in culture. hLECs were isolated from the entire cornea comprising the limbus and central cornea. When grown as monolayers, short PM/ST hLECs displayed increased daily doublings and generated more colonies per seeded cells than long PM/ST hLECs. Moreover, hLECs with a short PM/ST exhibited a markedly faster wound closure kinetic both in scratch wound assays and hTECs. Collectively, these results suggest that short PM/ST hLECs have a greater number of highly proliferative stem cells, exhibit a faster and more efficient wound healing response in vitro, and produce hTECs of a higher quality, making them the best candidates to produce biomaterial substitutes for clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëtan Le-Bel
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, and Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Centre Universitaire d’Ophtalmologie (CUO)-Recherche, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Pascale Desjardins
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, and Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Centre Universitaire d’Ophtalmologie (CUO)-Recherche, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Christelle Gross
- Centre Universitaire d’Ophtalmologie (CUO)-Recherche, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Sergio Cortez Ghio
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, and Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Camille Couture
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, and Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Centre Universitaire d’Ophtalmologie (CUO)-Recherche, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Lucie Germain
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, and Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Centre Universitaire d’Ophtalmologie (CUO)-Recherche, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Sylvain L. Guérin
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, and Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Centre Universitaire d’Ophtalmologie (CUO)-Recherche, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-418-682-7565
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Montero P, Pérez-Leal M, Pérez-Fidalgo JA, Sanz C, Estornut C, Roger I, Milara J, Cervantes A, Cortijo J. Paclitaxel Induces Epidermal Molecular Changes and Produces Subclinical Alterations in the Skin of Gynecological Cancer Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14051146. [PMID: 35267454 PMCID: PMC8909563 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Skin toxicity is one of paclitaxel’s adverse effects. However, its real impact on the skin could be underestimated as these alterations can also appear asymptomatic. We have observed that paclitaxel modifies gene and protein expression of skin markers in a 3D epidermis model, and impairs physical, physiological, and biomechanical properties of the skin in gynecologic cancer patients. These subclinical alterations might be avoided by using prophylactic measures during treatment to prevent possible future adverse reactions. Abstract Background: Paclitaxel is a microtubule-stabilizing chemotherapeutic agent. Despite its widespread use, it damages healthy tissues such as skin. The goal of this study was to prove that the real impact of paclitaxel-induced skin toxicity could be underestimated because the adverse events might appear asymptomatic. Methods: Gynecological cancer patients were recruited. Skin parameters measurements were taken after three and six paclitaxel cycles. Measurements were conducted using specific probes which measure hydration, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), sebum, elasticity and firmness, erythema, roughness, smoothness, skin thickness, and desquamation levels. Further, a 3D epidermis model was incubated with paclitaxel to analyze gene and protein expression of aquaporin 3, collagen type 1, elastin, and fibronectin. Results: Paclitaxel induced alterations in the skin parameters with no visible clinical manifestations. Gynecological cancer patients under paclitaxel treatment had a decrease in hydration, TEWL, sebum, elasticity, and thickness of the skin, while erythema, roughness, and desquamation were increased. The molecular markers, related to hydration and the support of the skin layers, and analyzed in the 3D epidermis model, were decreased. Conclusions: Results suggest that paclitaxel modifies gene and protein expression of skin-related molecular markers, and impairs different physical, physiological, and biomechanical properties of the skin of cancer patients at a subclinical level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Montero
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (C.S.); (C.E.); (I.R.); (J.M.); (J.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-963864631
| | - Martín Pérez-Leal
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Jose Alejandro Pérez-Fidalgo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Cancer (CIBERONC), Health Institute Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Celia Sanz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (C.S.); (C.E.); (I.R.); (J.M.); (J.C.)
- Health Sciences, Pre-Departmental Section of Medicine, Jaume I University of Castellón de la Plana, 12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - Cristina Estornut
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (C.S.); (C.E.); (I.R.); (J.M.); (J.C.)
| | - Inés Roger
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (C.S.); (C.E.); (I.R.); (J.M.); (J.C.)
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Health Institute Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Milara
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (C.S.); (C.E.); (I.R.); (J.M.); (J.C.)
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Health Institute Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Pharmacy Unit, University General Hospital Consortium, 46014 Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Julio Cortijo
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (C.S.); (C.E.); (I.R.); (J.M.); (J.C.)
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Health Institute Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Research and Teaching Unit, University General Hospital Consortium, 46014 Valencia, Spain
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Desjardins P, Le-Bel G, Ghio SC, Germain L, Guérin SL. The WNK1 kinase regulates the stability of transcription factors during wound healing of human corneal epithelial cells. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:2434-2450. [PMID: 35150137 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Due to its superficial anatomical localization, the cornea is continuously subjected to injuries. Damages to the corneal epithelium trigger important changes in the composition of the extracellular matrix to which the basal human corneal epithelial cells (hCECs) attach. These changes are perceived by membrane-bound integrins and ultimately lead to re-epithelialization of the injured epithelium through intracellular signalin. Among the many downstream targets of the integrin-activated signaling pathways, WNK1 is the kinase whose activity is the most strongly increased during corneal wound healing. We previously demonstrated that pharmacological inhibition of WNK1 prevents proper closure of wounded human tissue-engineered cornea in vitro. In the present study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms by which WNK1 contributes to corneal wound healing. By exploiting transcription factors microarrays, electrophoretic mobility-shift assay, and gene profiling analyses, we demonstrated that the DNA binding properties and expression of numerous transcription factors (TFs), including the well-known, ubiquitous TFs specific protein 1 (Sp1) and activator protein 1 (AP1), were reduced in hCECs upon WNK1 inhibition by WNK463. This process appears to be mediated at least in part by alteration in both the ubiquitination and glycosylation status of these TFs. These changes in TFs activity and expression impacted the transcription of several genes, including that encoding the α5 integrin subunit, a well-known target of both Sp1 and AP1. Gene profiling revealed that only a moderate number of genes in hCECs had their level of expression significantly altered in response to WNK463 exposition. Interestingly, analysis of the microarray data for these deregulated genes using the ingenuity pathway analysis software predicted that hCECs would stop migrating and proliferating but differentiate more when they are grown in the presence of the WNK1 inhibitor. These results demonstrate that WNK1 plays a critical function by orienting hCECs into the appropriate biological response during the process of corneal wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascale Desjardins
- Centre Universitaire d'Ophtalmologie - Recherche (CUO-Recherche) et Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Département d'Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Gaëtan Le-Bel
- Centre Universitaire d'Ophtalmologie - Recherche (CUO-Recherche) et Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Département d'Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Sergio C Ghio
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Lucie Germain
- Centre Universitaire d'Ophtalmologie - Recherche (CUO-Recherche) et Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Département d'Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Sylvain L Guérin
- Centre Universitaire d'Ophtalmologie - Recherche (CUO-Recherche) et Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Département d'Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
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Barbier MA, Piaceski AD, Larouche D, Villeneuve SH, Ghani K, Pope E, Caruso M, Germain L. Efficient Gamma-Retroviral Transduction of Primary Human Skin Cells Using the EF-c Peptide as a Transduction Enhancer. Curr Protoc 2022; 2:e353. [PMID: 35085429 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Efficient gene transfer into cultured fibroblasts and keratinocytes during retroviral transduction is a critical step toward the treatment of genodermatoses such as epidermolysis bullosa. However, achieving high transduction rates is still a difficult task, particularly for the insertion of large coding sequences for which high viral titers cannot always be obtained. Multiple polycationic molecules, such as polybrene, which has been used in several clinical trials, have the ability to boost ex vivo retroviral gene transfer. However, the use of polybrene has been associated with a reduction of the proliferation and growth potential of human keratinocytes in culture. We developed a method for the efficient retroviral transduction of primary fibroblasts and keratinocytes using EF-c, a polycationic nanofibril-forming peptide. In comparison with polybrene, we found that the retroviral transduction efficiency with EF-c was increased 2.5- to 3.2-fold for fibroblasts, but not for keratinocytes. Moreover, the use of EF-c did not affect fibroblast proliferation and keratinocyte stem cell content, whereas polybrene induced a decrease in both. This method could have a positive impact on the development of ex vivo gene correction of genodermatoses, allowing for more efficient gene transfer into primary skin cells with little to no effect on proliferation and stem cell content. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol: Fibroblast and keratinocyte transduction Support Protocol: Assessment of transduction efficiency through flow cytometry analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin A Barbier
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX et Département de chirurgie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada.,Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Angela Dakiw Piaceski
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX et Département de chirurgie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada.,Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Danielle Larouche
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX et Département de chirurgie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada.,Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sarah H Villeneuve
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX et Département de chirurgie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada.,Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Karim Ghani
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada.,Centre de recherche sur le cancer de l'Université Laval, Département de biologie moléculaire, de biochimie médicale et de pathologie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Elena Pope
- Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Manuel Caruso
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada.,Centre de recherche sur le cancer de l'Université Laval, Département de biologie moléculaire, de biochimie médicale et de pathologie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lucie Germain
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX et Département de chirurgie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada.,Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
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14
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Montero P, Milara J, Pérez-Leal M, Estornut C, Roger I, Pérez-Fidalgo A, Sanz C, Cortijo J. Paclitaxel-Induced Epidermal Alterations: An In Vitro Preclinical Assessment in Primary Keratinocytes and in a 3D Epidermis Model. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031142. [PMID: 35163066 PMCID: PMC8834980 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Paclitaxel is a microtubule-stabilizing chemotherapeutic agent approved for the treatment of ovarian, non-small cell lung, head, neck, and breast cancers. Despite its beneficial effects on cancer and widespread use, paclitaxel also damages healthy tissues, including the skin. However, the mechanisms that drive these skin adverse events are not clearly understood. In the present study, we demonstrated, by using both primary epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK) and a 3D epidermis model, that paclitaxel impairs different cellular processes: paclitaxel increased the release of IL-1α, IL-6, and IL-8 inflammatory cytokines, produced reactive oxygen species (ROS) release and apoptosis, and reduced the endothelial tube formation in the dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMEC). Some of the mechanisms driving these adverse skin events in vitro are mediated by the activation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4), which phosphorylate transcription of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κb). This is the first study analyzing paclitaxel effects on healthy human epidermal cells with an epidermis 3D model, and will help in understanding paclitaxel's effects on the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Montero
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (C.E.); (I.R.); (C.S.); (J.C.)
- Correspondence: (P.M.); (J.M.); Tel.: +34-963864631 (P.M.)
| | - Javier Milara
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (C.E.); (I.R.); (C.S.); (J.C.)
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Health Institute Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Pharmacy Unit, University General Hospital Consortium, 46014 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (P.M.); (J.M.); Tel.: +34-963864631 (P.M.)
| | - Martín Pérez-Leal
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Cristina Estornut
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (C.E.); (I.R.); (C.S.); (J.C.)
| | - Inés Roger
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (C.E.); (I.R.); (C.S.); (J.C.)
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Health Institute Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Pérez-Fidalgo
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Cancer (CIBERONC), Health Institute Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Celia Sanz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (C.E.); (I.R.); (C.S.); (J.C.)
- Health Sciences, Pre-Departmental Section of Medicine, Jaume I University of Castellon, 12071 Castellon, Spain
| | - Julio Cortijo
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (C.E.); (I.R.); (C.S.); (J.C.)
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Health Institute Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Research and Teaching Unit, University General Hospital Consortium, 46014 Valencia, Spain
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15
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Shu W, Wang Y, Zhang X, Li C, Le H, Chang F. Functional Hydrogel Dressings for Treatment of Burn Wounds. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:788461. [PMID: 34938723 PMCID: PMC8685951 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.788461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapy of burns is a challenging clinical issue. Burns are long-term injuries, and numerous patients suffer from chronic pain. Burn treatment includes management, infection control, wound debridement and escharotomy, dressing coverage, skin transplantation, and the use of skin substitutes. The future of advanced care of burn wounds lies in the development of “active dressings”. Hydrogel dressings have been employed universally to accelerate wound healing based on their unique properties to overcome the limitations of existing treatment methods. This review briefly introduces the advantages of hydrogel dressings and discusses the development of new hydrogel dressings for wound healing along with skin regeneration. Further, the treatment strategies for burns, ranging from external to clinical, are reviewed, and the functional classifications of hydrogel dressings along with their clinical value for burns are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Shu
- Department of Biobank, Division of Clinical Research, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yinan Wang
- Department of Biobank, Division of Clinical Research, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chaoyang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hanxiang Le
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fei Chang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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16
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Gross C, Le-Bel G, Desjardins P, Benhassine M, Germain L, Guérin SL. Contribution of the Transcription Factors Sp1/Sp3 and AP-1 to Clusterin Gene Expression during Corneal Wound Healing of Tissue-Engineered Human Corneas. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12426. [PMID: 34830308 PMCID: PMC8621254 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to reduce the need for donor corneas, understanding of corneal wound healing and development of an entirely tissue-engineered human cornea (hTECs) is of prime importance. In this study, we exploited the hTEC to determine how deep wound healing affects the transcriptional pattern of corneal epithelial cells through microarray analyses. We demonstrated that the gene encoding clusterin (CLU) has its expression dramatically repressed during closure of hTEC wounds. Western blot analyses confirmed a strong reduction in the expression of the clusterin isoforms after corneal damage and suggest that repression of CLU gene expression might be a prerequisite to hTEC wound closure. Transfection with segments from the human CLU gene promoter revealed the presence of three regulatory regions: a basal promoter and two more distal negative regulatory regions. The basal promoter bears DNA binding sites for very potent transcription factors (TFs): Activator Protein-1 (AP-1) and Specificity protein-1 and 3 (Sp1/Sp3). By exploiting electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA), we demonstrated that AP-1 and Sp1/Sp3 have their DNA binding site overlapping with one another in the basal promoter of the CLU gene in hCECs. Interestingly, expression of both these TFs is reduced (at the protein level) during hTEC wound healing, thereby contributing to the extinction of CLU gene expression during that process. The results of this study contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms accounting for the repression of CLU gene expression during corneal wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Gross
- Centre Universitaire d’Ophtalmologie-Recherche (CUO-Recherche), Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Québec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada; (C.G.); (G.L.-B.); (P.D.); (M.B.); (L.G.)
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Génie Tissulaire et Régénération, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Gaëtan Le-Bel
- Centre Universitaire d’Ophtalmologie-Recherche (CUO-Recherche), Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Québec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada; (C.G.); (G.L.-B.); (P.D.); (M.B.); (L.G.)
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Pascale Desjardins
- Centre Universitaire d’Ophtalmologie-Recherche (CUO-Recherche), Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Québec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada; (C.G.); (G.L.-B.); (P.D.); (M.B.); (L.G.)
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Génie Tissulaire et Régénération, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Manel Benhassine
- Centre Universitaire d’Ophtalmologie-Recherche (CUO-Recherche), Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Québec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada; (C.G.); (G.L.-B.); (P.D.); (M.B.); (L.G.)
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Génie Tissulaire et Régénération, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Lucie Germain
- Centre Universitaire d’Ophtalmologie-Recherche (CUO-Recherche), Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Québec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada; (C.G.); (G.L.-B.); (P.D.); (M.B.); (L.G.)
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Génie Tissulaire et Régénération, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Sylvain L. Guérin
- Centre Universitaire d’Ophtalmologie-Recherche (CUO-Recherche), Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Québec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada; (C.G.); (G.L.-B.); (P.D.); (M.B.); (L.G.)
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Génie Tissulaire et Régénération, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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17
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Ali D, Alhattab D, Jafar H, Alzubide M, Sharar N, Bdour S, Awidi A. Differential Marker Expression between Keratinocyte Stem Cells and Their Progeny Generated from a Single Colony. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910810. [PMID: 34639148 PMCID: PMC8509450 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The stemness in keratinocyte stem cells (KSCs) is determined by their gene expression patterns. KSCs are crucial in maintaining epidermal homeostasis and wound repair and are widely used candidates for therapeutic applications. Although several studies have reported their positive identifiers, unique biomarkers for KSCs remain elusive. Here, we aim to identify potential candidate stem cell markers. Human epidermal keratinocytes (HEKs) from neonatal foreskin tissues were isolated and cultured. Single-cell clonal analysis identified and characterized three types of cells: KSCs (holoclones), transient amplifying cells (TACs; meroclones), and differentiated cells (DSCs; paraclones). The clonogenic potential of KSCs demonstrated the highest proliferation potential of KSCs, followed by TACs and DSCs, respectively. Whole-transcriptome analysis using microarray technology unraveled the molecular signatures of these cells. These results were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometry analysis. A total of 301 signature upregulated and 149 downregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the KSCs, compared to TACs and DSCs. Furthermore, DEG analyses revealed new sets of genes related to cell proliferation, cell adhesion, surface makers, and regulatory factors. In conclusion, this study provides a useful source of information for the identification of potential SC-specific candidate markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dema Ali
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (D.A.); (D.A.); (H.J.); (M.A.); (N.S.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Dana Alhattab
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (D.A.); (D.A.); (H.J.); (M.A.); (N.S.)
- Laboratory for Nanomedicine, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan Jafar
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (D.A.); (D.A.); (H.J.); (M.A.); (N.S.)
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Malak Alzubide
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (D.A.); (D.A.); (H.J.); (M.A.); (N.S.)
| | - Nour Sharar
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (D.A.); (D.A.); (H.J.); (M.A.); (N.S.)
| | - Salwa Bdour
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
- Correspondence: (S.B.); (A.A.)
| | - Abdalla Awidi
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (D.A.); (D.A.); (H.J.); (M.A.); (N.S.)
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
- Correspondence: (S.B.); (A.A.)
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18
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McGifford OJ, Harkin DG, Cuttle L. Effect of Rho-Associated Protein Kinase Inhibitors on Epidermal Keratinocytes: A Proposed Application for Burn Wound Healing. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2021; 28:555-568. [PMID: 34039046 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2021.0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Rho-associated protein kinases (ROCKs) affect a variety of cellular functions, including cell attachment, migration, and proliferation. ROCK inhibitors therefore have potential as tools for optimizing cell behavior in tissue engineering applications, including the manufacturing of cultivated epithelial autografts (CEAs) used in the treatment of burn patients. For example, ROCK inhibitors may facilitate earlier engraftment of CEA sheets by increasing the proliferation of skin keratinocytes ex vivo. Nevertheless, the current understanding of ROCK inhibitor action on epidermal keratinocytes is unclear owing to multiple drug formulations, drug concentrations, and cellular function assays having been used. The aim of this review article therefore is to identify consistent patterns of ROCK inhibitor action on human keratinocytes, as well as revealing key knowledge gaps. In doing so, we propose a clearer course of action for pursuing the potential benefits of ROCK inhibitors for the future treatment of burn patients. Impact statement The properties of Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) inhibitors are already used clinically within the fields of cardiology, neurology, and ophthalmology. These results encourage the broadening of ROCK inhibitor uses for other clinical applications. With respect to burn patients, ROCK inhibitors may facilitate improvements in patient survival and healing by reducing the time required for generating cultivated epithelial autograft (CEA) sheets from patient biopsies. Nevertheless, varying approaches to studying the effects of ROCK inhibitors on skin cells in vitro have complicated the development of improved protocols. Our review aims to clarify a diverse and growing body of literature as to the potential benefits for burn patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia J McGifford
- Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Children's Health Research, Queensland University of Technology, South Brisbane, Australia
| | - Damien G Harkin
- Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Children's Health Research, Queensland University of Technology, South Brisbane, Australia
| | - Leila Cuttle
- Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Children's Health Research, Queensland University of Technology, South Brisbane, Australia
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19
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Chooi WH, Dong Q, Low JZY, Yuen C, Chin JS, Lin J, Ong W, Liu Q, Chew SY. Cell Membrane-Coated Electrospun Fibers Enhance Keratinocyte Growth through Cell-Type Specific Interactions. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:4079-4083. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wai Hon Chooi
- School of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 637459 Singapore
| | - Quanbin Dong
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jeremy Zhi Yan Low
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637551 Singapore
| | - Clement Yuen
- School of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 637459 Singapore
| | - Jiah Shin Chin
- School of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 637459 Singapore
- NTU Institute of Health Technologies, Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, 637533 Singapore
| | - Junquan Lin
- School of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 637459 Singapore
| | - William Ong
- School of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 637459 Singapore
- NTU Institute of Health Technologies, Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, 637533 Singapore
| | - Quan Liu
- School of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 637459 Singapore
| | - Sing Yian Chew
- School of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 637459 Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 308232 Singapore
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20
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Enzo E, Secone Seconetti A, Forcato M, Tenedini E, Polito MP, Sala I, Carulli S, Contin R, Peano C, Tagliafico E, Bicciato S, Bondanza S, De Luca M. Single-keratinocyte transcriptomic analyses identify different clonal types and proliferative potential mediated by FOXM1 in human epidermal stem cells. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2505. [PMID: 33947848 PMCID: PMC8097075 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22779-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Autologous epidermal cultures restore a functional epidermis on burned patients. Transgenic epidermal grafts do so also in genetic skin diseases such as Junctional Epidermolysis Bullosa. Clinical success strictly requires an adequate number of epidermal stem cells, detected as holoclone-forming cells, which can be only partially distinguished from the other clonogenic keratinocytes and cannot be prospectively isolated. Here we report that single-cell transcriptome analysis of primary human epidermal cultures identifies categories of genes clearly distinguishing the different keratinocyte clonal types, which are hierarchically organized along a continuous, mainly linear trajectory showing that stem cells sequentially generate progenitors producing terminally differentiated cells. Holoclone-forming cells display stem cell hallmarks as genes regulating DNA repair, chromosome segregation, spindle organization and telomerase activity. Finally, we identify FOXM1 as a YAP-dependent key regulator of epidermal stem cells. These findings improve criteria for measuring stem cells in epidermal cultures, which is an essential feature of the graft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Enzo
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alessia Secone Seconetti
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Holostem Terapie Avanzate, s.r.l, Modena, Italy
| | - Mattia Forcato
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Elena Tenedini
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Diagnostic hematology and Clinical, Genomics Unit, Modena University Hospital, Modena, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Polito
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Irene Sala
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Contin
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Clinical Sampling & Alliances, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Clelia Peano
- Genomic Unit, IRCSS, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, UoS Milan, National Research Council, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Enrico Tagliafico
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Diagnostic hematology and Clinical, Genomics Unit, Modena University Hospital, Modena, Italy.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Centre for Genome Research, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Silvio Bicciato
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Michele De Luca
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
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21
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Cortez Ghio S, Larouche D, Doucet EJ, Germain L. The role of cultured autologous bilayered skin substitutes as epithelial stem cell niches after grafting: A systematic review of clinical studies. BURNS OPEN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.burnso.2021.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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22
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Guérin LP, Le-Bel G, Desjardins P, Couture C, Gillard E, Boisselier É, Bazin R, Germain L, Guérin SL. The Human Tissue-Engineered Cornea (hTEC): Recent Progress. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031291. [PMID: 33525484 PMCID: PMC7865732 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Each day, about 2000 U.S. workers have a job-related eye injury requiring medical treatment. Corneal diseases are the fifth cause of blindness worldwide. Most of these diseases can be cured using one form or another of corneal transplantation, which is the most successful transplantation in humans. In 2012, it was estimated that 12.7 million people were waiting for a corneal transplantation worldwide. Unfortunately, only 1 in 70 patients received a corneal graft that same year. In order to provide alternatives to the shortage of graftable corneas, considerable progress has been achieved in the development of living corneal substitutes produced by tissue engineering and designed to mimic their in vivo counterpart in terms of cell phenotype and tissue architecture. Most of these substitutes use synthetic biomaterials combined with immortalized cells, which makes them dissimilar from the native cornea. However, studies have emerged that describe the production of tridimensional (3D) tissue-engineered corneas using untransformed human corneal epithelial cells grown on a totally natural stroma synthesized by living corneal fibroblasts, that also show appropriate histology and expression of both extracellular matrix (ECM) components and integrins. This review highlights contributions from laboratories working on the production of human tissue-engineered corneas (hTECs) as future substitutes for grafting purposes. It overviews alternative models to the grafting of cadaveric corneas where cell organization is provided by the substrate, and then focuses on their 3D counterparts that are closer to the native human corneal architecture because of their tissue development and cell arrangement properties. These completely biological hTECs are therefore very promising as models that may help understand many aspects of the molecular and cellular mechanistic response of the cornea toward different types of diseases or wounds, as well as assist in the development of novel drugs that might be promising for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis-Philippe Guérin
- CUO-Recherche, Médecine Régénératrice—Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada; (L.-P.G.); (G.L.-B.); (P.D.); (C.C.); (E.G.); (É.B.); (R.B.); (L.G.)
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Gaëtan Le-Bel
- CUO-Recherche, Médecine Régénératrice—Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada; (L.-P.G.); (G.L.-B.); (P.D.); (C.C.); (E.G.); (É.B.); (R.B.); (L.G.)
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Pascale Desjardins
- CUO-Recherche, Médecine Régénératrice—Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada; (L.-P.G.); (G.L.-B.); (P.D.); (C.C.); (E.G.); (É.B.); (R.B.); (L.G.)
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Camille Couture
- CUO-Recherche, Médecine Régénératrice—Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada; (L.-P.G.); (G.L.-B.); (P.D.); (C.C.); (E.G.); (É.B.); (R.B.); (L.G.)
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Elodie Gillard
- CUO-Recherche, Médecine Régénératrice—Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada; (L.-P.G.); (G.L.-B.); (P.D.); (C.C.); (E.G.); (É.B.); (R.B.); (L.G.)
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Élodie Boisselier
- CUO-Recherche, Médecine Régénératrice—Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada; (L.-P.G.); (G.L.-B.); (P.D.); (C.C.); (E.G.); (É.B.); (R.B.); (L.G.)
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Richard Bazin
- CUO-Recherche, Médecine Régénératrice—Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada; (L.-P.G.); (G.L.-B.); (P.D.); (C.C.); (E.G.); (É.B.); (R.B.); (L.G.)
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Lucie Germain
- CUO-Recherche, Médecine Régénératrice—Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada; (L.-P.G.); (G.L.-B.); (P.D.); (C.C.); (E.G.); (É.B.); (R.B.); (L.G.)
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Sylvain L. Guérin
- CUO-Recherche, Médecine Régénératrice—Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada; (L.-P.G.); (G.L.-B.); (P.D.); (C.C.); (E.G.); (É.B.); (R.B.); (L.G.)
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-418-682-7565
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Sah SK, Kanaujiya JK, Chen IP, Reichenberger EJ. Generation of Keratinocytes from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Under Defined Culture Conditions. Cell Reprogram 2020; 23:1-13. [PMID: 33373529 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2020.0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Differentiation of keratinocytes from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) has become an important tool for wound healing research and for studying skin diseases in instances where patient cells are not available. Several keratinocyte differentiation protocols using hiPSC colony fragments or embryoid bodies have been published with some requiring prolonged time for differentiation or extended use of reagent cocktails. In this study, we present a simplified method to efficiently generate large numbers of uniformly differentiated keratinocytes in less than 4 weeks from singularized hiPSCs with differentiation factors, retinoic acid and bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4). Low seeding density of singularized iPSCs results in keratinocyte cultures with minimum cell death during differentiation and up to 96% homogeneity for keratin 14-positive cells and low percentage of keratinocyte maturation markers, comparable to early passage primary keratinocytes. hiPSC-derived keratinocytes remain in a proliferative state, can be maintained for prolonged periods of time, and can be terminally differentiated under high calcium conditions in the same way as primary human keratinocytes. Moreover, coculturing hiPSC-derived fibroblasts and keratinocytes consistently formed organotypic 3D skin equivalents. Therefore, keratinocytes generated by this method are a viable source of cells for downstream applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyam Kishor Sah
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Skeletal Development, Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jitendra K Kanaujiya
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Skeletal Development, Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - I-Ping Chen
- Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ernst J Reichenberger
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Skeletal Development, Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
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Kadam S, Vandana M, Kaushik KS. Reduced serum methods for contact-based coculture of human dermal fibroblasts and epidermal keratinocytes. Biotechniques 2020; 69:347-355. [PMID: 32867510 DOI: 10.2144/btn-2020-0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Direct contact-based coculture of human dermal fibroblasts and epidermal keratinocytes has been a long-standing and challenging issue owing to different serum and growth factor requirements of the two cell types. Existing protocols employ high serum concentrations (up to 10% fetal bovine serum), complex feeder systems and a range of supplemental factors. These approaches are technically demanding and labor intensive, and pose scientific and ethical limitations associated with the high concentrations of animal serum. On the other hand, serum-free conditions often fail to support the proliferation of one or both cell types when they are cultured together. We have developed two reduced serum approaches (1-2% serum) that support the contact-based coculture of human dermal fibroblasts and immortalized keratinocytes and enable the study of cell migration and wound closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehal Kadam
- Institute of Bioinformatics & Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, India
| | | | - Karishma S Kaushik
- Institute of Bioinformatics & Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, India
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25
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Wu X, Wang S, Li M, Li J, Shen J, Zhao Y, Pang J, Wen Q, Chen M, Wei B, Kaboli PJ, Du F, Zhao Q, Cho CH, Wang Y, Xiao Z, Wu X. Conditional reprogramming: next generation cell culture. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:1360-1381. [PMID: 32963937 PMCID: PMC7488362 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term primary culture of mammalian cells has been always difficult due to unavoidable senescence. Conventional methods for generating immortalized cell lines usually require manipulation of genome which leads to change of important biological and genetic characteristics. Recently, conditional reprogramming (CR) emerges as a novel next generation tool for long-term culture of primary epithelium cells derived from almost all origins without alteration of genetic background of primary cells. CR co-cultures primary cells with inactivated mouse 3T3-J2 fibroblasts in the presence of RHO-related protein kinase (ROCK) inhibitor Y-27632, enabling primary cells to acquire stem-like characteristics while retain their ability to fully differentiate. With only a few years' development, CR shows broad prospects in applications in varied areas including disease modeling, regenerative medicine, drug evaluation, drug discovery as well as precision medicine. This review is thus to comprehensively summarize and assess current progress in understanding mechanism of CR and its wide applications, highlighting the value of CR in both basic and translational researches and discussing the challenges faced with CR.
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Key Words
- 3T3-J2 fibroblast
- AACR, American Association for Cancer Research
- ACC, adenoid cystic carcinoma
- AR, androgen receptor
- CFTR, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulators
- CR, conditional reprogramming
- CYPs, cytochrome P450 enzymes
- Conditional reprogramming
- DCIS, ductal carcinoma in situ
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- ESC, embryonic stem cell
- HCMI, human cancer model initiatives
- HGF, hepatocyte growth factor
- HNE, human nasal epithelial
- HPV, human papillomaviruses
- ICD, intracellular domain
- LECs, limbal epithelial cells
- NCI, National Cancer Institute
- NGFR, nerve growth factor receptor
- NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer
- NSG, NOD/SCID/gamma
- PDAC, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
- PDX, patient derived xenograft
- PP2A, protein phosphatase 2A
- RB, retinoblastoma-associated protein
- ROCK
- ROCK, Rho kinase
- SV40, simian virus 40 large tumor antigen
- Senescence
- UVB, ultraviolet radiation b
- Y-27632
- dECM, decellularized extracellular matrix
- hASC, human adipose stem cells
- hTERT, human telomerase reverse transcriptase
- iPSCs, induction of pluripotent stem cells
- ΔNP63α, N-terminal truncated form of P63α
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Mingxing Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Hospital (T.C.M) Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Jing Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Yueshui Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Jun Pang
- Center of Radiation Oncology, Hospital (T.C.M) Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Qinglian Wen
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Meijuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Bin Wei
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Parham Jabbarzadeh Kaboli
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Fukuan Du
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Qijie Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Chi Hin Cho
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Zhangang Xiao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Xu Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, China
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26
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Conditioned medium produced by fibroblasts cultured in low oxygen pressure allows the formation of highly structured capillary-like networks in fibrin gels. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9291. [PMID: 32518266 PMCID: PMC7283357 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66145-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering is an emerging and promising concept to replace or cure failing organs, but its clinical translation currently encounters issues due to the inability to quickly produce inexpensive thick tissues, which are necessary for many applications. To circumvent this problem, we postulate that cells secrete the optimal cocktail required to promote angiogenesis when they are placed in physiological conditions where their oxygen supply is reduced. Thus, dermal fibroblasts were cultivated under hypoxia (2% O2) to condition their cell culture medium. The potential of this conditioned medium was tested for human umbilical vein endothelial cell proliferation and for their ability to form capillary-like networks into fibrin gels. The medium conditioned by dermal fibroblasts under hypoxic conditions (DF-Hx) induced a more significant proliferation of endothelial cells compared to medium conditioned by dermal fibroblasts under normoxic conditions (DF-Nx). In essence, doubling time for endothelial cells in DF-Hx was reduced by 10.4% compared to DF-Nx after 1 week of conditioning, and by 20.3% after 2 weeks. The DF-Hx allowed the formation of more extended and more structured capillary-like networks than DF-Nx or commercially available medium, paving the way to further refinements.
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27
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Sierra-Sánchez Á, Fernández-González A, Lizana-Moreno A, Espinosa-Ibáñez O, Martinez-Lopez A, Guerrero-Calvo J, Fernández-Porcel N, Ruiz-García A, Ordóñez-Luque A, Carriel V, Arias-Santiago S. Hyaluronic acid biomaterial for human tissue-engineered skin substitutes: Preclinical comparative in vivo study of wound healing. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 34:2414-2427. [PMID: 32173915 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is not an ideal biomaterial for tissue-engineered skin substitutes (TESSs), and most of the studies or existing therapies use xenogeneic origin natural biomaterials or biosynthetic scaffolds. OBJECTIVE To analyse clinical, histological integration and homeostasis parameters of a human TESS manufactured with fibrin-hyaluronic acid biomaterial (HA-Skin), grafted in immunodeficient mice for 8 weeks, and compared with the gold standard treatment (Autograft), a human TESS manufactured with fibrin-agarose biomaterial (AG-Skin) and secondary wound healing dressings. METHODS Human TESSs and autografts were implanted into BALB/c mice after surgical excision. Secondary wound healing approach was achieved with biosynthetic collagen wound dressing (Biobrane® ) and fibrin-hyaluronic acid or fibrin-agarose biomaterial without cells (Total N = 44). Clinical integration and homeostasis parameters were evaluated every two weeks for two months. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses were performed four and eight weeks after grafting. RESULTS HA-Skin, AG-Skin and Autograft groups showed a proper clinical integration and epithelization eight weeks later. Scar evaluation revealed better results for Autograft and HA-Skin. Homeostasis analysis indicated similar values of transepidermal water loss and elasticity between HA-Skin (6.42 ± 0.75 g/h/m2 , 0.42 ± 0.08 AU), Autograft (6.91 ± 1.28 g/h/m2 , 0.40 ± 0.08 AU) and healthy mouse skin (6.40 ± 0.43 g/h/m2 , 0.35 ± 0.03 AU). Histological results showed that human TESSs and autografts presented better skin structuration and higher expression of cytokeratins. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that human TESS based on fibrin-hyaluronic acid biomaterial could be suitable for clinical application in the treatment of several dermatological pathologies (wound healing).
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Affiliation(s)
- Á Sierra-Sánchez
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, Granada, Spain.,Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - A Fernández-González
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, Granada, Spain.,Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - A Lizana-Moreno
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, Granada, Spain.,Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - O Espinosa-Ibáñez
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, Granada, Spain.,Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - A Martinez-Lopez
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain.,Dermatology Department, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - J Guerrero-Calvo
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, Granada, Spain.,Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - N Fernández-Porcel
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, Granada, Spain.,Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - A Ruiz-García
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, Granada, Spain.,Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - A Ordóñez-Luque
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, Granada, Spain.,Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - V Carriel
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain.,Department of Histology and Tissue Engineering Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - S Arias-Santiago
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, Granada, Spain.,Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain.,Dermatology Department, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain.,Dermatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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28
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Tjin MS, Chua AWC, Tryggvason K. Chemically defined and xenogeneic-free culture method for human epidermal keratinocytes on laminin-based matrices. Nat Protoc 2020; 15:694-711. [DOI: 10.1038/s41596-019-0270-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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29
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Le-Bel G, Cortez Ghio S, Guérin LP, Bisson F, Germain L, Guérin SL. Irradiated Human Fibroblasts as a Substitute Feeder Layer to Irradiated Mouse 3T3 for the Culture of Human Corneal Epithelial Cells: Impact on the Stability of the Transcription Factors Sp1 and NFI. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20246296. [PMID: 31847118 PMCID: PMC6940969 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Because of the worldwide shortage of graftable corneas, alternatives to restore visual impairments, such as the production of a functional human cornea by tissue engineering, have emerged. Self-renewal of the corneal epithelium through the maintenance of a sub-population of corneal stem cells is required to maintain the functionality of such a reconstructed cornea. We previously reported an association between stem cell differentiation and the level to which they express the transcription factors Sp1 and NFI. In this study, we investigated the impact of replacing irradiated 3T3 (i3T3) murine fibroblast feeder cells by irradiated human corneal fibroblasts (iHFL) on the expression of Sp1 and NFI and evaluated their contribution to the proliferative properties of human corneal epithelial cells (hCECs) in both monolayer cultures and human tissue engineered corneas (hTECs). hCECs co-cultured with iHFL could be maintained for up to two more passages than when they were grown with i3T3. Western Blot and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) revealed no significant difference in the feeder-layer dependent increase in Sp1 at both the protein and DNA binding level, respectively, between HCECs grown with either i3T3 or iHFL. On the other hand, a significant increase in the expression and DNA binding of NFI was observed at each subsequent passage when hCECs were co-cultured along with i3T3. These changes were found to result from an increased expression of the NFIA and NFIB isoforms in hCECs grown with i3T3. Exposure of hCECs to cycloheximide revealed an increased stability of NFIB that likely resulted from post-translational glycosylation of this protein when these cells were co-cultured with i3T3. In addition, iHFL were as efficient as i3T3 at preserving corneal, slow-cycling, epithelial stem cells in the basal epithelium of the reconstructed hTECs. Furthermore, we observed an increased expression of genes whose encoded products promote hCECs differentiation along several passages in hCECs co-cultured with either type of feeder layer. Therefore, the iHFL feeder layer appears to be the most effective at maintaining the proliferative properties of hCECs in culture most likely by preserving high levels of Sp1 and low levels of NFIB, which is known for its gene repressor and cell differentiation properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëtan Le-Bel
- Centre LOEX de l’Université Laval, Génie Tissulaire et Régénération, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec -Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (G.L.-B.); (S.C.G.); (L.-P.G.); (F.B.); (L.G.)
- Centre Universitaire d’Ophtalmologie (CUO)-Recherche, Centre de recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Sergio Cortez Ghio
- Centre LOEX de l’Université Laval, Génie Tissulaire et Régénération, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec -Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (G.L.-B.); (S.C.G.); (L.-P.G.); (F.B.); (L.G.)
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Louis-Philippe Guérin
- Centre LOEX de l’Université Laval, Génie Tissulaire et Régénération, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec -Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (G.L.-B.); (S.C.G.); (L.-P.G.); (F.B.); (L.G.)
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Francis Bisson
- Centre LOEX de l’Université Laval, Génie Tissulaire et Régénération, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec -Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (G.L.-B.); (S.C.G.); (L.-P.G.); (F.B.); (L.G.)
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Lucie Germain
- Centre LOEX de l’Université Laval, Génie Tissulaire et Régénération, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec -Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (G.L.-B.); (S.C.G.); (L.-P.G.); (F.B.); (L.G.)
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Sylvain L. Guérin
- Centre LOEX de l’Université Laval, Génie Tissulaire et Régénération, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec -Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (G.L.-B.); (S.C.G.); (L.-P.G.); (F.B.); (L.G.)
- Centre Universitaire d’Ophtalmologie (CUO)-Recherche, Centre de recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-418-682-7565
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30
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Fortunel NO, Chadli L, Coutier J, Lemaître G, Auvré F, Domingues S, Bouissou-Cadio E, Vaigot P, Cavallero S, Deleuze JF, Roméo PH, Martin MT. KLF4 inhibition promotes the expansion of keratinocyte precursors from adult human skin and of embryonic-stem-cell-derived keratinocytes. Nat Biomed Eng 2019; 3:985-997. [PMID: 31636412 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-019-0464-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Expanded autologous skin keratinocytes are currently used in cutaneous cell therapy, and embryonic-stem-cell-derived keratinocytes could become a complementary alternative. Regardless of keratinocyte provenance, for efficient therapy it is necessary to preserve immature keratinocyte precursors during cell expansion and graft processing. Here, we show that stable and transient downregulation of the transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) in keratinocyte precursors from adult skin, using anti-KLF4 RNA interference or kenpaullone, promotes keratinocyte immaturity and keratinocyte self-renewal in vitro, and enhances the capacity for epidermal regeneration in mice. Both stable and transient KLF4 downregulation had no impact on the genomic integrity of adult keratinocytes. Moreover, transient KLF4 downregulation in human-embryonic-stem-cell-derived keratinocytes increased the efficiency of skin-orientated differentiation and of keratinocyte immaturity, and was associated with improved generation of epidermis. As a regulator of the cell fate of keratinocyte precursors, KLF4 could be used for promoting the ex vivo expansion and maintenance of functional immature keratinocyte precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas O Fortunel
- Laboratoire de Génomique et Radiobiologie de la Kératinopoïèse, CEA/DRF/IBFJ/IRCM, Evry, France. .,INSERM U967, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France. .,Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France.
| | - Loubna Chadli
- Laboratoire de Génomique et Radiobiologie de la Kératinopoïèse, CEA/DRF/IBFJ/IRCM, Evry, France.,INSERM U967, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Julien Coutier
- Laboratoire de Génomique et Radiobiologie de la Kératinopoïèse, CEA/DRF/IBFJ/IRCM, Evry, France.,INSERM U967, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Gilles Lemaître
- Université d'Evry Val d'Essonne, Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM U861, Institut des Cellules Souches pour le Traitement et l'Etude des Maladies Monogéniques, Corbeil Essonne, France
| | - Frédéric Auvré
- Laboratoire de Génomique et Radiobiologie de la Kératinopoïèse, CEA/DRF/IBFJ/IRCM, Evry, France.,INSERM U967, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Domingues
- Centre d'Etude des Cellules Souches, Institut des Cellules Souches pour le Traitement et l'Etude des Maladies Monogéniques, Corbeil Essonne, France
| | - Emmanuelle Bouissou-Cadio
- Laboratoire de Génomique et Radiobiologie de la Kératinopoïèse, CEA/DRF/IBFJ/IRCM, Evry, France.,INSERM U967, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Vaigot
- Laboratoire de Génomique et Radiobiologie de la Kératinopoïèse, CEA/DRF/IBFJ/IRCM, Evry, France.,INSERM U967, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Cavallero
- Laboratoire de Génomique et Radiobiologie de la Kératinopoïèse, CEA/DRF/IBFJ/IRCM, Evry, France.,INSERM U967, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | | | - Paul-Henri Roméo
- INSERM U967, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France.,Laboratoire de Recherche sur la Réparation et la Transcription dans les Cellules Souches, CEA/DRF/IBFJ/IRCM, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Michèle T Martin
- Laboratoire de Génomique et Radiobiologie de la Kératinopoïèse, CEA/DRF/IBFJ/IRCM, Evry, France. .,INSERM U967, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France. .,Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France.
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31
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De Rosa L, Secone Seconetti A, De Santis G, Pellacani G, Hirsch T, Rothoeft T, Teig N, Pellegrini G, Bauer JW, De Luca M. Laminin 332-Dependent YAP Dysregulation Depletes Epidermal Stem Cells in Junctional Epidermolysis Bullosa. Cell Rep 2019; 27:2036-2049.e6. [PMID: 31091444 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Laminin 332-deficient junctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB) is a severe genetic skin disease. JEB is marked by epidermal stem cell depletion, the origin of which is unknown. We show that dysregulation of the YAP and TAZ pathway underpins such stem cell depletion. Laminin 332-mediated YAP activity sustains human epidermal stem cells, detected as holoclones. Ablation of YAP selectively depletes holoclones, while enforced YAP blocks conversion of stem cells into progenitors and indefinitely extends the keratinocyte lifespan. YAP is dramatically decreased in JEB keratinocytes, which contain only phosphorylated, inactive YAP. In normal keratinocytes, laminin 332 and α6β4 ablation abolish YAP activity and recapitulate the JEB phenotype. In JEB keratinocytes, laminin 332-gene therapy rescues YAP activity and epidermal stem cells in vitro and in vivo. In JEB cells, enforced YAP recapitulates laminin 332-gene therapy, thus uncoupling adhesion from proliferation in epidermal stem cells. This work has important clinical implication for ex vivo gene therapy of JEB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura De Rosa
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari," Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alessia Secone Seconetti
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari," Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giorgio De Santis
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pellacani
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry, and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Tobias Hirsch
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Burn Centre, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany
| | - Tobias Rothoeft
- Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, University Children's Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany
| | - Norbert Teig
- Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, University Children's Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany
| | - Graziella Pellegrini
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari," Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry, and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Johann W Bauer
- EB House Austria and Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Michele De Luca
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari," Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
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32
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Cheshire P, Zhafira AS, Banakh I, Rahman MM, Carmichael I, Herson M, Cleland H, Akbarzadeh S. Xeno-free expansion of adult keratinocytes for clinical application: the use of human-derived feeder cells and serum. Cell Tissue Res 2019; 376:389-400. [PMID: 30666537 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-018-02986-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Cultured epithelial autograft (CEA) was the birth of skin tissue engineering and encompassed methodologies for the isolation and expansion of autologous basal keratinocytes for burn treatment that are still practiced at some specialised units around the world. One of the limitations of CEA, however, is the reliance on animal-derived material during the manufacturing process and despite all efforts to date, no xeno-free alternative with proven efficacy has been reported. Here, we investigate whether human-derived fibroblast feeder cells and human serum can sufficiently and effectively provide a suitable microenvironment for adult keratinocyte isolation and expansion. Human dermal fibroblasts and epidermal keratinocytes were isolated from discarded skin during abdominoplasty and breast reduction procedures and cultured in xeno-free conditions. We report that these xeno-free adult keratinocytes form similar numbers of colony-forming units as those cultured using the Green's methods; however, xeno-free keratinocytes express lower levels of α6 integrin (CD49f; a progenitor and stem cell marker). We identified IL-8 as a potential growth factor secreted by adult human fibroblasts that may enhance keratinocyte colony formation in human serum. Finally, we propose a step-by-step xeno-free isolation and cultivation methodology for adult keratinocytes that can be tested further in serial cultivation for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perdita Cheshire
- Skin Bioengineering Laboratory, Victorian Adult Burns Service, Alfred Hospital, 89 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3181, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Monash University, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Aqila S Zhafira
- Skin Bioengineering Laboratory, Victorian Adult Burns Service, Alfred Hospital, 89 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3181, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Monash University, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ilia Banakh
- Skin Bioengineering Laboratory, Victorian Adult Burns Service, Alfred Hospital, 89 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3181, Australia
| | - Md Mostafizur Rahman
- Skin Bioengineering Laboratory, Victorian Adult Burns Service, Alfred Hospital, 89 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3181, Australia
| | - Irena Carmichael
- Monash Micro Imaging, Monash University, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marisa Herson
- Skin Bioengineering Laboratory, Victorian Adult Burns Service, Alfred Hospital, 89 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3181, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Monash University, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Heather Cleland
- Skin Bioengineering Laboratory, Victorian Adult Burns Service, Alfred Hospital, 89 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3181, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Monash University, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shiva Akbarzadeh
- Skin Bioengineering Laboratory, Victorian Adult Burns Service, Alfred Hospital, 89 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3181, Australia.
- Department of Surgery, Monash University, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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33
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Abstract
Culturing keratinocytes to form coherent epithelial tissue sheets has improved the treatment of extensively burned patients. Keratinocyte culture is also used to investigate various cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in different skin pathologies. To preserve stem cells during epithelial cell culture, reliable methods and conditions are of the utmost importance. Properly cultured keratinocytes will exhibit a consistent cuboid morphology and can proliferate for many passages. This chapter details materials needed and methods for all aspects of efficient keratinocyte culture for clinical applications, namely tissue sampling and transportation, isolation, routine culture, subculture, and cryopreservation.
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34
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Le-Bel G, Cortez Ghio S, Larouche D, Germain L, Guérin SL. Qualitatively Monitoring Binding and Expression of the Transcription Factors Sp1 and NFI as a Useful Tool to Evaluate the Quality of Primary Cultured Epithelial Stem Cells in Tissue Reconstruction. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1879:43-73. [PMID: 29804261 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2018_153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Electrophoretic mobility shift assays and Western blots are simple, efficient, and rapid methods to study DNA-protein interactions and protein expression, respectively. Primary cultures and subcultures of epithelial cells are widely used for the production of tissue-engineered substitutes and are gaining popularity as a model for gene expression studies. The preservation of stem cells through the culture process is essential to produce high quality substitutes. However, the increase in the number of cell passages is associated with a decrease in their ability to proliferate until senescence is reached. This process is likely to be mediated by the altered expression of nuclear-located transcription factors such as Sp1 and NFI, whose expression has been documented to be required for cell adhesion, migration, and differentiation. In some of our recent studies, we observed a correlation between reconstructed tissues exhibiting poor histological and structural characteristics and a low expression of Sp1 in their constituting epithelial cells. Therefore, monitoring both the expression and DNA binding of these transcription factors in human skin and corneal epithelial cells is a useful tool for characterizing the quality of primary cultured epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëtan Le-Bel
- Centre Universitaire d'Ophtalmologie-Recherche (CUO Recherche), CHU de Québec, Québec (Qc), Canada
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec (Qc), Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec (Qc), Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec (Qc), Canada
| | - Sergio Cortez Ghio
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec (Qc), Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec (Qc), Canada
| | - Danielle Larouche
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec (Qc), Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec (Qc), Canada
| | - Lucie Germain
- Centre Universitaire d'Ophtalmologie-Recherche (CUO Recherche), CHU de Québec, Québec (Qc), Canada
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec (Qc), Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec (Qc), Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec (Qc), Canada
| | - Sylvain L Guérin
- Centre Universitaire d'Ophtalmologie-Recherche (CUO Recherche), CHU de Québec, Québec (Qc), Canada.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec (Qc), Canada.
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35
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Tjin MS, Chua AWC, Moreno-Moral A, Chong LY, Tang PY, Harmston NP, Cai Z, Petretto E, Tan BK, Tryggvason K. Biologically relevant laminin as chemically defined and fully human platform for human epidermal keratinocyte culture. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4432. [PMID: 30377295 PMCID: PMC6207750 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06934-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The current expansion of autologous human keratinocytes to resurface severe wound defects still relies on murine feeder layer and calf serum in the cell culture system. Through our characterization efforts of the human skin basement membrane and murine feeder layer 3T3-J2, we identified two biologically relevant recombinant laminins-LN-511 and LN-421- as potential candidates to replace the murine feeder. Herein, we report a completely xeno-free and defined culture system utilizing these laminins which enables robust expansion of adult human skin keratinocytes. We demonstrate that our laminin system is comparable to the 3T3-J2 co-culture system in terms of basal markers' profile, colony-forming efficiency and the ability to form normal stratified epidermal structure in both in vitro and in vivo models. These results show that the proposed system may not only provide safer keratinocyte use in the clinics, but also facilitate the broader use of other cultured human epithelial cells in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Suryana Tjin
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Alvin Wen Choong Chua
- Department of Plastic Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, 20 College Road, Singapore, 169856, Singapore.
- Skin Bank Unit, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, 169608, Singapore.
| | - Aida Moreno-Moral
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Li Yen Chong
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Po Yin Tang
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, 20 College Road, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
| | - Nathan Peter Harmston
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Zuhua Cai
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Enrico Petretto
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Bien Keem Tan
- Department of Plastic Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, 20 College Road, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
- Skin Bank Unit, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, 169608, Singapore
| | - Karl Tryggvason
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, 17771, Stockholm, Sweden.
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36
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Cantin-Warren L, Guignard R, Cortez Ghio S, Larouche D, Auger FA, Germain L. Specialized Living Wound Dressing Based on the Self-Assembly Approach of Tissue Engineering. J Funct Biomater 2018; 9:jfb9030053. [PMID: 30223550 PMCID: PMC6165032 DOI: 10.3390/jfb9030053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a high incidence of failure and recurrence for chronic skin wounds following conventional therapies. To promote healing, the use of skin substitutes containing living cells as wound dressings has been proposed. The aim of this study was to produce a scaffold-free cell-based bilayered tissue-engineered skin substitute (TES) containing living fibroblasts and keratinocytes suitable for use as wound dressing, while considering production time, handling effort during the manufacturing process, and stability of the final product. The self-assembly method, which relies on the ability of mesenchymal cells to secrete and organize connective tissue sheet sustaining keratinocyte growth, was used to produce TESs. Three fibroblast-seeding densities were tested to produce tissue sheets. At day 17, keratinocytes were added onto 1 or 3 (reference method) stacked tissue sheets. Four days later, TESs were subjected either to 4, 10, or 17 days of culture at the air–liquid interface (A/L). All resulting TESs were comparable in terms of their histological aspect, protein expression profile and contractile behavior in vitro. However, signs of extracellular matrix (ECM) digestion that progressed over culture time were noted in TESs produced with only one fibroblast-derived tissue sheet. With lower fibroblast density, the ECM of TESs was almost completely digested after 10 days A/L and lost histological integrity after grafting in athymic mice. Increasing the fibroblast seeding density 5 to 10 times solved this problem. We conclude that the proposed method allows for a 25-day production of a living TES, which retains its histological characteristics in vitro for at least two weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Cantin-Warren
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, 1401 18e Rue, Québec, Québec G1J 1Z4, Canada.
| | - Rina Guignard
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, 1401 18e Rue, Québec, Québec G1J 1Z4, Canada.
| | - Sergio Cortez Ghio
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, 1401 18e Rue, Québec, Québec G1J 1Z4, Canada.
| | - Danielle Larouche
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, 1401 18e Rue, Québec, Québec G1J 1Z4, Canada.
| | - François A Auger
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, 1401 18e Rue, Québec, Québec G1J 1Z4, Canada.
| | - Lucie Germain
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, 1401 18e Rue, Québec, Québec G1J 1Z4, Canada.
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37
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Hassanzadeh H, Matin MM, Naderi-Meshkin H, Bidkhori HR, Mirahmadi M, Raeesolmohaddeseen M, Sanjar-Moussavi N, Bahrami AR. Using paracrine effects of Ad-MSCs on keratinocyte cultivation and fabrication of epidermal sheets for improving clinical applications. Cell Tissue Bank 2018; 19:531-547. [PMID: 30105667 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-018-9702-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in wound healing have made cell therapy a potential approach for the treatment of various types of skin defects such as trauma, burns, scars and diabetic leg ulcers. Cultured keratinocytes have been applied to burn patients since 1981. Patients with acute and chronic wounds can be treated with autologous/allograft cultured keratinocytes. There are various methods for cultivation of epidermal keratinocytes used in cell therapy. One of the important properties of an efficient cell therapy is the preservation of epidermal stem cells. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are major regulatory cells involved in the acceleration of wound healing via induction of cell proliferation, angiogenesis and stimulating the release of paracrine signaling molecules. Considering the beneficial effects of MSCs on wound healing, the main aim of the present study is investigating paracrine effects of Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell (Ad-MSCs) on cultivation of keratinocytes with focusing on preservation of stem cells and their differentiation process. We further introduced a new approach for culturing isolated keratinocytes in vitro in order to generate epidermal keratinocyte sheets without using a feeder layer. To do so, Ad-MSC conditioned medium was applied as an alternative to commercial media for keratinocyte cultivation. In this study, the expression of several stem/progenitor cell (P63, K19 and K14) and differentition (K10, IVL and FLG) markers was examined using real time PCR on days 7, 14 and 21 of culture in keratinocytes in Ad-MSC conditioned medium. P63 and α6 integrin expression was also evaluated via flow cytometry. The results were compared with control group including keratinocytes cultured in EpiLife medium and our data indicated that this Ad-MSC conditioned medium is a good alternative for keratinocyte cultivation and producing epidermal sheets for therapeutic and clinical purposes. The reasons are the expression of stem cell and differentiation markers and overcoming the requirement for feeder layer which leads to a xenograft-free transplantation. Besides, this approach has low cost and is easier to perform. However, more in vitro and in vivo experiments as well as safety evaluation required before clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halimeh Hassanzadeh
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi Branch, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam M Matin
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi Branch, Mashhad, Iran. .,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. .,Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Hojjat Naderi-Meshkin
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi Branch, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Bidkhori
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi Branch, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mirahmadi
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi Branch, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmood Raeesolmohaddeseen
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi Branch, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Ahmad Reza Bahrami
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi Branch, Mashhad, Iran. .,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. .,Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
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Cortez Ghio S, Cantin-Warren L, Guignard R, Larouche D, Germain L. Are the Effects of the Cholera Toxin and Isoproterenol on Human Keratinocytes' Proliferative Potential Dependent on Whether They Are Co-Cultured with Human or Murine Fibroblast Feeder Layers? Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2174. [PMID: 30044428 PMCID: PMC6121595 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human keratinocyte culture has provided the means to treat burns, wounds and skin pathologies. To date, to efficiently culture keratinocytes, cells are cultured on an irradiated feeder layer (iFL), either comprising human (iHFL) or murine (i3T3FL) fibroblasts, and the culture medium is supplemented with a cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) accumulation inducing agent such as isoproterenol (ISO) or cholera toxin (CT). Previous studies have characterized how the feeder layer type and the cAMP inducer type influence epithelial cells' phenotype independently from one another, but it is still unknown if an optimal combination of feeder layer and cAMP inducer types exists. We used sophisticated statistical models to search for a synergetic effect of feeder layer and cAMP inducer types on human keratinocytes' proliferative potential. Our data suggests that, when culturing human keratinocytes, using iHFL over i3T3FL increases population doublings and colony-forming efficiency through signaling pathways involving Ak mouse strain thymoma (Akt, also known as protein kinase B) isoforms 1 to 3, signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5), p53, and adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase α1 (AMPKα1). Both tested cAMP inducers ISO and CT yielded comparable outcomes. However, no significant synergy between feeder layer and cAMP inducer types was detected. We conclude that, to promote human keratinocyte growth in the early passages of culture, co-culturing them with a human feeder layer is preferable to a murine feeder layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Cortez Ghio
- Université Laval Research Center on Experimental Organogenesis/LOEX, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada.
- Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada.
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Laurence Cantin-Warren
- Université Laval Research Center on Experimental Organogenesis/LOEX, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada.
- Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada.
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Rina Guignard
- Université Laval Research Center on Experimental Organogenesis/LOEX, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada.
- Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada.
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Danielle Larouche
- Université Laval Research Center on Experimental Organogenesis/LOEX, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada.
- Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada.
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Lucie Germain
- Université Laval Research Center on Experimental Organogenesis/LOEX, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada.
- Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada.
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
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Martinovich KM, Iosifidis T, Buckley AG, Looi K, Ling KM, Sutanto EN, Kicic-Starcevich E, Garratt LW, Shaw NC, Montgomery S, Lannigan FJ, Knight DA, Kicic A, Stick SM. Conditionally reprogrammed primary airway epithelial cells maintain morphology, lineage and disease specific functional characteristics. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17971. [PMID: 29269735 PMCID: PMC5740081 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17952-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Current limitations to primary cell expansion led us to test whether airway epithelial cells derived from healthy children and those with asthma and cystic fibrosis (CF), co-cultured with an irradiated fibroblast feeder cell in F-medium containing 10 µM ROCK inhibitor could maintain their lineage during expansion and whether this is influenced by underlying disease status. Here, we show that conditionally reprogrammed airway epithelial cells (CRAECs) can be established from both healthy and diseased phenotypes. CRAECs can be expanded, cryopreserved and maintain phenotypes over at least 5 passages. Population doublings of CRAEC cultures were significantly greater than standard cultures, but maintained their lineage characteristics. CRAECs from all phenotypes were also capable of fully differentiating at air-liquid interface (ALI) and maintained disease specific characteristics including; defective CFTR channel function cultures and the inability to repair wounds. Our findings indicate that CRAECs derived from children maintain lineage, phenotypic and importantly disease-specific functional characteristics over a specified passage range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M Martinovich
- Telethon Kids Institute, Centre for Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Thomas Iosifidis
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia.,Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Alysia G Buckley
- Centre of Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kevin Looi
- Telethon Kids Institute, Centre for Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kak-Ming Ling
- Telethon Kids Institute, Centre for Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Erika N Sutanto
- Telethon Kids Institute, Centre for Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Kicic-Starcevich
- Telethon Kids Institute, Centre for Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Luke W Garratt
- Telethon Kids Institute, Centre for Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Nicole C Shaw
- Telethon Kids Institute, Centre for Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Samuel Montgomery
- Telethon Kids Institute, Centre for Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Francis J Lannigan
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Darryl A Knight
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Disease, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Anthony Kicic
- Telethon Kids Institute, Centre for Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia. .,School of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia. .,Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia. .,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. .,Occupation and Environment, School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Stephen M Stick
- Telethon Kids Institute, Centre for Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia.,Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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40
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Shirzadeh E, Heidari Keshel S, Ezzatizadeh V, Jabbehdari S, Baradaran-Rafii A. Unrestricted somatic stem cells, as a novel feeder layer: Ex vivo culture of human limbal stem cells. J Cell Biochem 2017; 119:2666-2678. [PMID: 29087592 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ex vivo culture of limbal stem cells (LSCs) is a current promising approach for reconstruction of the ocular surface. In this context, 3T3 feeder layer cells (mouse embryo fibroblast) are generally utilized to maintain and expand LSCs. The aim of this study is to develop a novel culture method (animal-derived products free) to expand LSCs, using umbilical cord derived human unrestricted somatic stem cells (hUSSCs) instead of 3T3 cell with an emphasis on maintaining of the Stemness in LSCs. Using flow-cytometer, isolated hUSSCs were characterized for CD105, CD90, CD166, CD34, CD45, CD31 cell surface markers and their differentiation capability into adipogenic as well as osteogenic lineages were evaluated. In addition to colony-forming efficiency (CFE), epithelial lineage differentiation and karyotyping, LSC properties were evaluated for ABCG2, ΔNP63-α, CK19, CK3, and CK12 mRNA and protein expressions using quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunocytochemistry, when these cells were co-cultured with hUSSCs (in comparison with 3T3 feeder layer). LSCs, co-cultured with hUSSCs, showed normal karyotype (46, XX), while they could efficiently form colony (86 ± 3) and display up-regulation of the genes associated with stemness and down-regulation of corneal epithelial differentiation genes. Consistent with 3T3 feeder cells, hUSSCs with spindle-shaped morphology and quick splitting up properties had ability to preserve the stem like-cell phenotype of LSCs. These findings were confirmed by qRT-PCR and flow-cytometer. Findings of present study suggest hUSSCs as a promising alternative method for 3T3 feeder layer cells, to preserve growth and stemness of LSCs ex vivo culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Shirzadeh
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Saeed Heidari Keshel
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Ezzatizadeh
- Department of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Medical Genetics Department, Royesh Medical Laboratory Centre, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayena Jabbehdari
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Baradaran-Rafii
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Expression of C4.4A in an In Vitro Human Tissue-Engineered Skin Model. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:2403072. [PMID: 29075641 PMCID: PMC5610857 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2403072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A multi-LU-domain-containing protein denoted C4.4A exhibits a tightly regulated membrane-associated expression in the suprabasal layers of stratified squamous epithelia such as skin and the esophagus, and the expression of C4.4A is dysregulated in various pathological conditions. However, the biological function of C4.4A remains unknown. To enable further studies, we evaluated the expression of C4.4A in monolayer cultures of normal human keratinocytes and in tissue-engineered skin substitutes (TESs) produced by the self-assembly approach, which allow the formation of a fully differentiated epidermis tissue. Results showed that, in monolayer, C4.4A was highly expressed in the centre of keratinocyte colonies at cell-cell contacts areas, while some cells located at the periphery presented little C4.4A expression. In TES, emergence of C4.4A expression coincided with the formation of the stratum spinosum. After the creation of a wound within the TES, C4.4A expression was observed in the suprabasal keratinocytes of the migrating epithelium, with the exception of the foremost leading keratinocytes, which were negative for C4.4A. Our results are consistent with previous data in mouse embryogenesis and wound healing. Based on these findings, we conclude that this human TES model provides an excellent surrogate for studies of C4.4A and Haldisin expressions in human stratified epithelia.
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42
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Gacto-Sanchez P. Surgical treatment and management of the severely burn patient: Review and update. Med Intensiva 2017; 41:356-364. [PMID: 28456441 DOI: 10.1016/j.medin.2017.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Since one of the main challenges in treating acute burn injuries is preventing infection, early excising of the eschar and covering of the wound becomes critical. Non-viable tissue is removed by initial aggressive surgical debridement. Many surgical options for covering the wound bed have been described, although split-thickness skin grafts remain the standard for the rapid and permanent closure of full-thickness burns. Significant advances made in the past decades have greatly improved burns patient care, as such that major future improvements in survival rates seem to be more difficult. Research into stem cells, grafting, biomarkers, inflammation control, and rehabilitation will continue to improve individualized care and create new treatment options for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Gacto-Sanchez
- Plastic Surgeon, Plastic and Reconstructive Department, Burns Unit, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Sevilla, Spain.
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43
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Graham MK, Principessa L, Antony L, Meeker AK, Isaacs JT. Low p16 INK4a Expression in Early Passage Human Prostate Basal Epithelial Cells Enables Immortalization by Telomerase Expression Alone. Prostate 2017; 77:374-384. [PMID: 27859428 PMCID: PMC5548187 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are two principal senescence barriers that must be overcome to successfully immortalize primary human epithelial cells in culture, stress-induced senescence, and replicative senescence. The p16INK4a /retinoblastoma protein (p16/Rb) pathway mediates stress-induced senescence, and is generally upregulated by primary epithelial cells in response to the artificial conditions from tissue culture. Replicative senescence is associated with telomere loss. Following each round of cell division, telomeres progressively shorten. Once telomeres shorten to a critical length, the DNA damage response pathway is activated, and the tumor suppressor p53 pathway triggers replicative senescence. Exogenous expression of telomerase in normal human epithelial cells extends the replicative capacity of cells, and in some cases, immortalizes cells. However reliable immortalization of epithelial cells usually requires telomerase activity coupled with inactivation of the p16/Rb pathway. METHODS A lentiviral vector, pLOX-TERT-iresTK (Addgene #12245), containing a CMV promoter upstream of a bicistronic coding cassette that includes loxP sites flanking the catalytic subunit of human telomerase gene (TERT) and herpes simplex virus type-1 thymidine kinase gene (HSV1-tk) was used to transduce normal prostate basal epithelial cells (PrECs) initiated in cell culture from prostate cancer patients undergoing radical prostatectomies. RESULTS Transduction of early (i.e., <7) passage PrECs with TERT led to successful immortalization. However, attempts to immortalize late (i.e., >7) passage PrECs were unsuccessful. Late passage PrECs, which acquired elevated p16, were unable to overcome the senescence barrier. Immortalized PrECs (TERT-PrECs) retained a normal male karyotype and low p16 expression. Additionally, TERT-PrECs were non-tumorigenic when inoculated into intact male immunodeficient NSG mice. CONCLUSIONS The present studies document that early passage human PrECs have sufficiently low p16 to permit immortalization by TERT expression alone. TERT-PrECs developed using this transduction approach provides an appropriate and experimentally facile model for clarifying the molecular mechanism(s) involved in both immortalization of human PrECs, as well as identifying genetic/epigenetic "drivers" for conversion of these immortalized non-tumorigenic cells into fully lethal prostate cancers. Notably, loxP sites flank the exogenous TERT gene in the TERT-PrECs. Cre recombinase can be used to excise TERT, and resolve whether TERT expression is required for these cells to be fully transformed into lethal cancer. Prostate 77: 374-384, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mindy Kim Graham
- Department of Pathology, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Lorenzo Principessa
- Chemical Therapeutic Program, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Lizamma Antony
- Chemical Therapeutic Program, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Alan K. Meeker
- Departments of Pathology, Oncology and Urology, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - John T. Isaacs
- Chemical Therapeutic Program, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland
- Correspondence to: Dr. John T. Isaacs, Chemical Therapeutic Program, Bunting-Blaustein CRB1, 1650 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21231.
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44
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The influence of fibroblast on the arachnoid leptomeningeal cells in vitro. Brain Res 2017; 1657:109-119. [PMID: 27923631 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 11/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fibroblast is pervasive in the setting of injury. Its invasion into the arachnoid tissue causes scarring, cortical adhesion of the brain, and obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid outflow. The purpose of this study is to determine the phenotypic and physiologic effects of fibroblasts on arachnoid in culture. METHODS We studied the effects of fibroblast on the arachnoid cell growth, motility, phenotypic changes, and transport properties. Immortalized rat (Rattus norvegicus, Sprague Dawley breed) arachnoid cells were grown with fibroblast on opposite sides of polyethylene membranes or co-cultured in plastic wells. Arachnoid cell growth rate and DNA content, morphology, transport physiology, and extracellular matriceal content were determined in the presence of normal and irradiated fibroblast cells. RESULTS When arachnoid cells were grown in the presence of fibroblasts, mannitol permeability increased and transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) decreased. Arachnoid cell growth rate also significantly decreased. When arachnoid cells were grown in close proximity (i.e. on the same monolayer) with fibroblasts, the arachnoid cells were overrun by day 2, yet when physically separated, no significant change was seen in growth. Apoptosis increased markedly in arachnoid cultures in the presence of fibroblast. Fibroblast caused arachnoid cell to exhibit avoidance behavior, and irradiated fibroblast induced arachnoidal cells to move faster and exhibited greater directional changes. Subcellular glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content was significantly altered by fibroblast. INTERPRETATION Fibroblasts influence arachnoid cell's mannitol transport likely via soluble factors. While the arachnoid cells did not change morphologically, cell growth was influenced. Over time, the cells had profound changes in transport and motility. The immortalized arachnoid cell/fibroblast culture system provides a unique model mimicking the pathologic event of leptomeningeal scarring.
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45
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Beaudoin Cloutier C, Goyer B, Perron C, Guignard R, Larouche D, Moulin VJ, Germain L, Gauvin R, Auger FA. In Vivo Evaluation and Imaging of a Bilayered Self-Assembled Skin Substitute Using a Decellularized Dermal Matrix Grafted on Mice. Tissue Eng Part A 2017; 23:313-322. [PMID: 27958884 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2016.0296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
As time to final coverage is the essence for better survival outcome in severely burned patients, we have continuously strived to reduce the duration for the preparation of our bilayered self-assembled skin substitutes (SASS). These SASS produced in vitro by the self-assembly approach have a structure and functionality very similar to native skin. Recently, we have shown that a decellularized dermal matrix preproduced by the self-assembly approach could be used as a template to further obtain self-assembled skin substitute using a decellularized dermal template (SASS-DM) in vitro. Thus, the production period with patient cells was then reduced to about 1 month. Herein, preclinical animal experiments have been performed to confirm the integration and evolution of such a graft and compare the maturation of SASS and SASS-DM in vivo. Both tissues, reconstructed from adult or newborn cells, were grafted on athymic mice. Green fluorescent protein-transfected keratinocytes were also used to follow grafted tissues weekly for 6 weeks using an in vivo imaging system (IVIS). Cell architecture and differentiation were studied with histological and immunofluorescence analyses at each time point. Graft integration, macroscopic evolution, histological analyses, and expression of skin differentiation markers were similar between both skin substitutes reconstructed from either newborn or adult cells, and IVIS observations confirmed the efficient engraftment of SASS-DM. In conclusion, our in vivo graft experiments on a mouse model demonstrated that the SASS-DM had equivalent macroscopic, histological, and differentiation evolution over a 6-week period, when compared with the SASS. The tissue-engineered SASS-DM could improve clinical availability and advantageously shorten the time necessary for the definitive wound coverage of severely burned patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanel Beaudoin Cloutier
- 1 Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX and Département de chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval , Quebec, Canada .,2 Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval , Axe médecine régénératrice, Quebec, Canada .,3 Department of Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal , Quebec, Canada
| | - Benjamin Goyer
- 1 Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX and Département de chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval , Quebec, Canada .,2 Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval , Axe médecine régénératrice, Quebec, Canada
| | - Cindy Perron
- 1 Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX and Département de chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval , Quebec, Canada .,2 Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval , Axe médecine régénératrice, Quebec, Canada
| | - Rina Guignard
- 1 Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX and Département de chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval , Quebec, Canada .,2 Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval , Axe médecine régénératrice, Quebec, Canada
| | - Danielle Larouche
- 1 Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX and Département de chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval , Quebec, Canada .,2 Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval , Axe médecine régénératrice, Quebec, Canada
| | - Véronique J Moulin
- 1 Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX and Département de chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval , Quebec, Canada .,2 Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval , Axe médecine régénératrice, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lucie Germain
- 1 Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX and Département de chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval , Quebec, Canada .,2 Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval , Axe médecine régénératrice, Quebec, Canada
| | - Robert Gauvin
- 1 Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX and Département de chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval , Quebec, Canada .,4 Centre Québécois sur les Matériaux Fonctionnels (CQMF) , Quebec, Canada
| | - François A Auger
- 1 Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX and Département de chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval , Quebec, Canada .,2 Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval , Axe médecine régénératrice, Quebec, Canada
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Larouche D, Cantin-Warren L, Desgagné M, Guignard R, Martel I, Ayoub A, Lavoie A, Gauvin R, Auger FA, Moulin VJ, Germain L. Improved Methods to Produce Tissue-Engineered Skin Substitutes Suitable for the Permanent Closure of Full-Thickness Skin Injuries. Biores Open Access 2016; 5:320-329. [PMID: 27872793 PMCID: PMC5116653 DOI: 10.1089/biores.2016.0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a clinical need for skin substitutes to replace full-thickness skin loss. Our group has developed a bilayered skin substitute produced from the patient's own fibroblasts and keratinocytes referred to as Self-Assembled Skin Substitute (SASS). After cell isolation and expansion, the current time required to produce SASS is 45 days. We aimed to optimize the manufacturing process to standardize the production of SASS and to reduce production time. The new approach consisted in seeding keratinocytes on a fibroblast-derived tissue sheet before its detachment from the culture plate. Four days following keratinocyte seeding, the resulting tissue was stacked on two fibroblast-derived tissue sheets and cultured at the air–liquid interface for 10 days. The resulting total production time was 31 days. An alternative method adapted to more contractile fibroblasts was also developed. It consisted in adding a peripheral frame before seeding fibroblasts in the culture plate. SASSs produced by both new methods shared similar histology, contractile behavior in vitro and in vivo evolution after grafting onto mice when compared with SASSs produced by the 45-day standard method. In conclusion, the new approach for the production of high-quality human skin substitutes should allow an earlier autologous grafting for the treatment of severely burned patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Larouche
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, Canada
| | - Laurence Cantin-Warren
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, Canada
| | - Maxime Desgagné
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, Canada
| | - Rina Guignard
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, Canada
| | - Israël Martel
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, Canada
| | - Akram Ayoub
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, Canada
| | - Amélie Lavoie
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, Canada
| | - Robert Gauvin
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, Canada.; Centre Québécois sur les Matériaux Fonctionnels (CQMF), Québec, Canada
| | - François A Auger
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, Canada
| | - Véronique J Moulin
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, Canada
| | - Lucie Germain
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, Canada
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Human adipose-derived stromal cells as a feeder layer to improve keratinocyte expansion for clinical applications. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13770-015-0007-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Rowan MP, Cancio LC, Elster EA, Burmeister DM, Rose LF, Natesan S, Chan RK, Christy RJ, Chung KK. Burn wound healing and treatment: review and advancements. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2015; 19:243. [PMID: 26067660 PMCID: PMC4464872 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-015-0961-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 468] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Burns are a prevalent and burdensome critical care problem. The priorities of specialized facilities focus on stabilizing the patient, preventing infection, and optimizing functional recovery. Research on burns has generated sustained interest over the past few decades, and several important advancements have resulted in more effective patient stabilization and decreased mortality, especially among young patients and those with burns of intermediate extent. However, for the intensivist, challenges often exist that complicate patient support and stabilization. Furthermore, burn wounds are complex and can present unique difficulties that require late intervention or life-long rehabilitation. In addition to improvements in patient stabilization and care, research in burn wound care has yielded advancements that will continue to improve functional recovery. This article reviews recent advancements in the care of burn patients with a focus on the pathophysiology and treatment of burn wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P Rowan
- United States Army Institute for Surgical Research, 3698 Chambers Pass, Fort Sam Houston, TX, 78234, USA.
| | - Leopoldo C Cancio
- United States Army Institute for Surgical Research, 3698 Chambers Pass, Fort Sam Houston, TX, 78234, USA
| | - Eric A Elster
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - David M Burmeister
- United States Army Institute for Surgical Research, 3698 Chambers Pass, Fort Sam Houston, TX, 78234, USA
| | - Lloyd F Rose
- United States Army Institute for Surgical Research, 3698 Chambers Pass, Fort Sam Houston, TX, 78234, USA
| | - Shanmugasundaram Natesan
- United States Army Institute for Surgical Research, 3698 Chambers Pass, Fort Sam Houston, TX, 78234, USA
| | - Rodney K Chan
- United States Army Institute for Surgical Research, 3698 Chambers Pass, Fort Sam Houston, TX, 78234, USA.,Brooke Army Medical Center, 3551 Roger Brook Dr, Fort Sam Houston, TX, 78234, USA
| | - Robert J Christy
- United States Army Institute for Surgical Research, 3698 Chambers Pass, Fort Sam Houston, TX, 78234, USA
| | - Kevin K Chung
- United States Army Institute for Surgical Research, 3698 Chambers Pass, Fort Sam Houston, TX, 78234, USA.,Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
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EXP CLIN TRANSPLANTExp Clin Transplant 2015; 13. [DOI: 10.6002/ect.mesot2014.p215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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EXP CLIN TRANSPLANTExp Clin Transplant 2015; 13. [DOI: 10.6002/ect.mesot2014.p216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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