1
|
Hasriadi H, Wasana PWD, Thongphichai W, Sukrong S, Towiwat P. Exploring the safety of lycorine in the central nervous system and its impact on pain-like behaviors in mice. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16856. [PMID: 39039158 PMCID: PMC11263358 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64410-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Alkaloid analgesics have been associated with adverse effects on the central nervous system (CNS). Therefore, it is crucial to characterize the effects of alkaloid analgesics. Plants rich in lycorine, an alkaloid, have shown promise as analgesics. However, the exploration of their CNS side effects, and analgesic effectiveness remains incomplete. The aim of the present study was to investigate the CNS safety profiles of lycorine and its potential analgesic efficacy. Lycorine (3, 10, and 30 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) did not affect motor coordination, and doses of 3 and 10 mg/kg of lycorine did not lead to any impairment in spontaneous locomotor activity. However, the highest dose (30 mg/kg) demonstrated a significant impairment in rearing behavior and an increase in immobility. The safety doses were subsequently used to assess the analgesic efficacy of lycorine in a mouse model of inflammatory pain. Lycorine (1, 3, and 10 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) demonstrated a dose-dependent reduction in pain-like behaviors in formalin-induced mice. In the in vitro study, lycorine regulated immune cells, suggesting its involvement as a cellular mechanism underlying the suppression of pain-like behaviors observed in the formalin model. Overall, our findings delineate the CNS safety range of lycorine in mice and suggest its potential use as an analgesic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hasriadi Hasriadi
- Animal Models of Chronic Inflammation-Associated Diseases for Drug Discovery Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Herb Guardian Co., Ltd., Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Peththa Wadu Dasuni Wasana
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Ruhuna, Galle, 80000, Sri Lanka
| | - Wisuwat Thongphichai
- Center of Excellence in DNA Barcoding of Thai Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Suchada Sukrong
- Center of Excellence in DNA Barcoding of Thai Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Pasarapa Towiwat
- Animal Models of Chronic Inflammation-Associated Diseases for Drug Discovery Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zeng C, Lu Y, Wei X, Sun L, Wei L, Ou S, Huang Q, Wu Y. Parvalbumin Regulates GAD Expression through Calcium Ion Concentration to Affect the Balance of Glu-GABA and Improve KA-Induced Status Epilepticus in PV-Cre Transgenic Mice. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:1951-1966. [PMID: 38696478 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims: the study aimed to (i) use adeno-associated virus technology to modulate parvalbumin (PV) gene expression, both through overexpression and silencing, within the hippocampus of male mice and (ii) assess the impact of PV on the metabolic pathway of glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Methods: a status epilepticus (SE) mouse model was established by injecting kainic acid into the hippocampus of transgenic mice. When the seizures of mice reached SE, the mice were killed at that time point and 30 min after the onset of SE. Hippocampal tissues were extracted and the mRNA and protein levels of PV and the 65 kDa (GAD65) and 67 kDa (GAD67) isoforms of glutamate decarboxylase were assessed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot, respectively. The concentrations of glutamate and GABA were detected with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the intracellular calcium concentration was detected using flow cytometry. Results: we demonstrate that the expression of PV is associated with GAD65 and GAD67 and that PV regulates the levels of GAD65 and GAD67. PV was correlated with calcium concentration and GAD expression. Interestingly, PV overexpression resulted in a reduction in calcium ion concentration, upregulation of GAD65 and GAD67, elevation of GABA concentration, reduction in glutamate concentration, and an extension of seizure latency. Conversely, PV silencing induced the opposite effects. Conclusion: parvalbumin may affect the expression of GAD65 and GAD67 by regulating calcium ion concentration, thereby affecting the metabolic pathways associated with glutamate and GABA. In turn, this contributes to the regulation of seizure activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Zeng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, #6 Shuangyong Road,Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Yuling Lu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, #6 Shuangyong Road,Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Xing Wei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, #6 Shuangyong Road,Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Lanfeng Sun
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, #6 Shuangyong Road,Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Lei Wei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, #6 Shuangyong Road,Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Sijie Ou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, #6 Shuangyong Road,Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Qi Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, #6 Shuangyong Road,Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Yuan Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, #6 Shuangyong Road,Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sethiya NK, Ghiloria N, Srivastav A, Bisht D, Chaudhary SK, Walia V, Alam MS. Therapeutic Potential of Myricetin in the Treatment of Neurological, Neuropsychiatric, and Neurodegenerative Disorders. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2024; 23:865-882. [PMID: 37461364 DOI: 10.2174/1871527322666230718105358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Myricetin (MC), 3,5,7,3',4',5'-hexahydroxyflavone, chemically belongs to a flavonoid category known to confer antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, and neuroprotective effects. MC is known to suppress the generation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), lipid peroxidation (MDA), and inflammatory markers. It has been reported to improve insulin function in the human brain and periphery. Besides this, it modulates several neurochemicals including glutamate, GABA, serotonin, etc. MC has been shown to reduce the expression of the enzyme Mono Amine Oxidase (MAO), which is responsible for the metabolism of monoamines. MC treatment reduces levels of plasma corticosterone and restores hippocampal BDNF (full form) protein in stressed animals. Further, MC has shown its protective effect against amyloid-beta, MPTP, rotenone, 6-OHDA, etc. suggesting its potential role against neurodegenerative disorders. The aim of the present review is to highlight the therapeutic potential of MC in the treatment of several neurological, neuropsychiatric, and neurodegenerative disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Neha Ghiloria
- Dr. Baba Saheb Ambedkar Hospital, Rohini, New Delhi 110085, India
| | | | - Dheeraj Bisht
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sir J.C. Bose Technical Campus, Bhimtal, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand 263002, India
| | | | - Vaibhav Walia
- Department of Pharmacology, SGT College of Pharmacy, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana 122505, India
| | - Md Sabir Alam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SGT College of Pharmacy, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana 122505, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chhabra S, Mehan S. Matrine exerts its neuroprotective effects by modulating multiple neuronal pathways. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:1471-1499. [PMID: 37103719 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01214-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that misfolding, clumping, and accumulation of proteins in the brain may be common causes and pathogenic mechanism for several neurological illnesses. This causes neuronal structural deterioration and disruption of neural circuits. Research from various fields supports this idea, indicating that developing a single treatment for several severe conditions might be possible. Phytochemicals from medicinal plants play an essential part in maintaining the brain's chemical equilibrium by affecting the proximity of neurons. Matrine is a tetracyclo-quinolizidine alkaloid derived from the plant Sophora flavescens Aiton. Matrine has been shown to have a therapeutic effect on Multiple Sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and various other neurological disorders. Numerous studies have demonstrated that matrine protects neurons by altering multiple signalling pathways and crossing the blood-brain barrier. As a result, matrine may have therapeutic utility in the treatment of a variety of neurocomplications. This work aims to serve as a foundation for future clinical research by reviewing the current state of matrine as a neuroprotective agent and its potential therapeutic application in treating neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric illnesses. Future research will answer many concerns and lead to fascinating discoveries that could impact other aspects of matrine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Swesha Chhabra
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Sidharth Mehan
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jiang W, Tang M, Yang L, Zhao X, Gao J, Jiao Y, Li T, Tie C, Gao T, Han Y, Jiang JD. Analgesic Alkaloids Derived From Traditional Chinese Medicine in Pain Management. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:851508. [PMID: 35620295 PMCID: PMC9127080 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.851508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain is one of the most prevalent health problems. The establishment of chronic pain is complex. Current medication for chronic pain mainly dependent on anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants and opioidergic drugs. However, they have limited therapeutic efficacy, and some even with severe side effects. We turned our interest into alkaloids separated from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), that usually act on multiple drug targets. In this article, we introduced the best-studied analgesic alkaloids derived from TCM, including tetrahydropalmatine, aloperine, oxysophocarpine, matrine, sinomenine, ligustrazine, evodiamine, brucine, tetrandrine, Stopholidine, and lappaconitine, focusing on their mechanisms and potential clinical applications. To better describe the mechanism of these alkaloids, we adopted the concept of drug-cloud (dCloud) theory. dCloud illustrated the full therapeutic spectrum of multitarget analgesics with two dimensions, which are “direct efficacy”, including inhibition of ion channels, activating γ-Aminobutyric Acid/opioid receptors, to suppress pain signal directly; and “background efficacy”, including reducing neuronal inflammation/oxidative stress, inhibition of glial cell activation, restoring the balance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission, to cure the root causes of chronic pain. Empirical evidence showed drug combination is beneficial to 30–50% chronic pain patients. To promote the discovery of effective analgesic combinations, we introduced an ancient Chinese therapeutic regimen that combines herbal drugs with “Jun”, “Chen”, “Zuo”, and “Shi” properties. In dCloud, “Jun” drug acts directly on the major symptom of the disease; “Chen” drug generates major background effects; “Zuo” drug has salutary and supportive functions; and “Shi” drug facilitates drug delivery to the targeted tissue. Subsequently, using this concept, we interpreted the therapeutic effect of established analgesic compositions containing TCM derived analgesic alkaloids, which may contribute to the establishment of an alternative drug discovery model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jiang
- Zhejiang Zhenyuan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shaoxing, China
| | - Mingze Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Limin Yang
- Zhejiang Zhenyuan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shaoxing, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- First Clinical Division, Peking University Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medicine Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Jiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cai Tie
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safety Mining, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing, China.,School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Tianle Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Research Unit of Digestive Tract Microecosystem Pharmacology and Toxicology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanxing Han
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Dong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Research Unit of Digestive Tract Microecosystem Pharmacology and Toxicology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Iftikhar A, Nausheen R, Muzaffar H, Naeem MA, Farooq M, Khurshid M, Almatroudi A, Alrumaihi F, Allemailem KS, Anwar H. Potential Therapeutic Benefits of Honey in Neurological Disorders: The Role of Polyphenols. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27103297. [PMID: 35630774 PMCID: PMC9143627 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Honey is the principal premier product of beekeeping familiar to Homo for centuries. In every geological era and culture, evidence can be traced to the potential usefulness of honey in several ailments. With the advent of recent scientific approaches, honey has been proclaimed as a potent complementary and alternative medicine for the management and treatment of several maladies including various neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and multiple sclerosis, etc. In the literature archive, oxidative stress and the deprivation of antioxidants are believed to be the paramount cause of many of these neuropathies. Since different types of honey are abundant with certain antioxidants, primarily in the form of diverse polyphenols, honey is undoubtedly a strong pharmaceutic candidate against multiple neurological diseases. In this review, we have indexed and comprehended the involved mechanisms of various constituent polyphenols including different phenolic acids, flavonoids, and other phytochemicals that manifest multiple antioxidant effects in various neurological disorders. All these mechanistic interpretations of the nutritious components of honey explain and justify the potential recommendation of sweet nectar in ameliorating the burden of neurological disorders that have significantly increased across the world in the last few decades.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arslan Iftikhar
- Department of Physiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (A.I.); (R.N.); (H.M.)
| | - Rimsha Nausheen
- Department of Physiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (A.I.); (R.N.); (H.M.)
| | - Humaira Muzaffar
- Department of Physiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (A.I.); (R.N.); (H.M.)
| | - Muhammad Ahsan Naeem
- Department of Basic Sciences, KBCMA College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Narowal 51600, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang 35200, Pakistan;
| | - Mohsin Khurshid
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (F.A.)
| | - Faris Alrumaihi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (F.A.)
| | - Khaled S. Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (F.A.)
- Correspondence: (H.A.); (K.S.A.)
| | - Haseeb Anwar
- Department of Physiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (A.I.); (R.N.); (H.M.)
- Correspondence: (H.A.); (K.S.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yang B, Li H, Zhang T, Wang Z, Li H, Zhang Y. Nonlinear and mixed inhibitory effect of matrine on the cytotoxicity of oligomeric amyloid-β protein. Neurochem Int 2020; 137:104746. [PMID: 32325190 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The formation of amyloid β-protein (1-42) (Aβ42) oligomers and Aβ42 oligomer cytotoxicity are two defining characteristics of the etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we found that matrine (Mat) could maintain or even enhance the cytotrophic effect of Aβ42 monomers by inhibiting their aggregation and by working in a manner similar to synergy with Aβ42 monomers. Moreover, Mat could also exert a cytoprotective effect by actively promoting the disaggregation of immature Aβ42 oligomers in a concentration-dependent manner. Although Mat at intermediate concentrations (1-50 μM) exhibited both cytotrophic and cytoprotective effects on SH-SY5Y cells, Mat at higher concentrations (100 μM) only exhibited a cytoprotective effect. Molecular docking studies reveal that these differences are a result of the different interactions between Mat and Aβ42 oligomers that occur at different molecular ratios. Our results support the hypothesis that there may be a Mat-like metabolite in the human brain that acts as a molecular chaperone for Aβ42 monomers. A deficiency in this chaperone would result in the gradual aggregation of Aβ42 monomers, and eventually, formation of toxic Aβ42 oligomers. In addition, reduction or clearance of Aβ42 aggregates or deposits and inhibition or elimination of the toxicity of oligomeric Aβ42, were not always directly correlated. Finally, the site(s) responsible for cytotoxicity in Aβ42 oligomers may be located in the integrated region of the N-terminal fragments of Aβ42 chains. This study provides valuable insights into the mechanisms involved in the development of natural drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Hongli Li
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Zhenxing Wang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - He Li
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yingjiu Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; School of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Di J, Li J, O’Hara B, Alberts I, Xiong L, Li J, Li X. The role of GABAergic neural circuits in the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder. Int J Dev Neurosci 2020; 80:73-85. [DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Di
- Department of Neurology David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles CA USA
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Pediatrics the Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South University Changsha P.R. China
| | - Bruce O’Hara
- Department of Biology University of Kentucky Lexington KY USA
| | - Ian Alberts
- Department of Natural Sciences LaGuardia CCCUNY New York NY USA
| | - Lei Xiong
- Department of Clinical Medicine Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming P.R. China
| | - Jijun Li
- Department of Integrative Medicine on Pediatrics Shanghai Children’s Medical Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai P.R. China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Department of Neurochemistry New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities New York NY USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sun ZQ, Meng FH, Tu LX, Sun L. Myricetin attenuates the severity of seizures and neuroapoptosis in pentylenetetrazole kindled mice by regulating the of BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway and modulating matrix metalloproteinase-9 and GABA A. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:3083-3091. [PMID: 30906480 PMCID: PMC6425265 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently available antiepileptic drugs are effective; however, frequently associated with adverse effects that limit their therapeutic value. Compounds that target the molecular events underlying epilepsy, with minor or no adverse effects, would be of clinical value. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) signaling pathway may be involved in epileptogenesis. The current study investigated the effects of the plant-derived hydroxyflavone, myricetin, in a pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced mouse model of epilepsy. Mice received an intraperitoneal injection of 35 mg/kg body weight PTZ on alternate days (13 injections) and were observed for 30 min following each PTZ injection. Myricetin (100 or 200 mg/kg body weight) was administered orally to the treatment groups (n=18/group) for 26 days, 30 min prior to each PTZ injection. Treatment with myricetin reduced seizure and mortality rates. Increased apoptotic cell count and elevated expression levels of apoptotic proteins caused by PTZ kindling were downregulated following treatment with myricetin. The BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway and MMP-9 expression levels were regulated by myricetin. Expression of γ-aminobutyric acid A (GABA) receptor and glutamic acid decarboxylase 65, as well as the glutamate/GABA balance, were restored following treatment with myricetin. The results of the present study indicated that myricetin may exert protective effects by regulating the molecular events associated with epileptogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Qing Sun
- Department of Neurology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276003, P.R. China
| | - Fan-Hua Meng
- Department of Neurology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276003, P.R. China
| | - Li-Xiang Tu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276003, P.R. China
| | - Lei Sun
- Department of Emergency, Hedong People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yang B, Wang J, Zhang N. Effect of Nobiletin on Experimental Model of Epilepsy. Transl Neurosci 2018; 9:211-219. [PMID: 30746285 PMCID: PMC6368667 DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2018-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The effects of nobiletin, a plant-derived flavonoid was examined against pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures. The study also aimed to assess whether nobiletin potentiated the effects of antiepileptic drug clonazepam (CZP). Methods PTZ (92 mg/kg, subcutaneous) was used to induce seizures in mice. Treatment groups (n = 18/group) received nobiletin (12.5, 25, or 50 mg/kg) via oral gavage for 6 consecutive days and 45 min prior to PTZ injection. CZP (0.015-2.0 mg/kg) was administered 15 min prior to PTZ. Skeletal muscle strength was assessed by measuring grip strength and Chimney test was performed to study the motor performance in animals. TUNEL assay was done to study neuro-apoptosis. RT-PCR and Western blot analysis were performed for assessment of mRNA and protein expressions. Results Nobiletin and CZP improved muscle strength and motor coordination and reduced seizure severity significantly. The administration of nobiletin and CZP, individually or in combination, downregulated seizure-induced increases in apoptotic cell count and apoptotic protein expression, modulated the expression of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)A and glutamate decarboxylase 65 and restored the glutamate/GABA balance. Nobiletin and CZP administration significantly upregulated phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling. Conclusion Nobiletin exerted protective effect against seizures by regulating signaling pathways associated with epileptogenesis and potentiated the effects of CZP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baowang Yang
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, China
| | - Ni Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Research advances on anticancer activities of matrine and its derivatives: An updated overview. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 161:205-238. [PMID: 30359819 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of mortality, only overcome by cardiovascular diseases, and has caused more than 8.7 million deaths in 2015 all over the world. This figure is expected to rise to about 13.1 million by 2030. In order to prevent or cure this fatal illness, substantial efforts have been devoted to develop and discover new anticancer drugs with same or better antitumor activity but lesser toxicity. Matrine is an alkaloid isolated from Sophora flavescens Ait. For decades, matrine and its derivatives have been studied as antineoplastic agents which predominantly work by inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis of cancer cells. The mechanism responsible for the anticancer activity of matrine can be recognized via up-regulating or down-regulating expression of the cancer related molecules, eventually causing tumor cell death. This review summarizes research developments of matrine and its derivatives as anticancer agents. A few possible research directions, suggestions and clues for future work on the development of novel matrine-based anticancer agents with improved expected activities and lesser toxicity have also been provided.
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang B, Wang X, Li Y, Wu M, Wang SY, Li S. Matrine Is Identified as a Novel Macropinocytosis Inducer by a Network Target Approach. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:10. [PMID: 29434546 PMCID: PMC5790780 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Comprehensively understanding pharmacological functions of natural products is a key issue to be addressed for the discovery of new drugs. Unlike some single-target drugs, natural products always exert diverse therapeutic effects through acting on a "network" that consists of multiple targets, making it necessary to develop a systematic approach, e.g., network pharmacology, to reveal pharmacological functions of natural products and infer their mechanisms of action. In this work, to identify the "network target" of a natural product, we perform a functional analysis of matrine, a marketed drug in China extracted from a medical herb Ku-Shen (Radix Sophorae Flavescentis). Here, the network target of matrine was firstly predicted by drugCIPHER, a genome-wide target prediction method. Based on the network target of matrine, we performed a functional gene set enrichment analysis to computationally identify the potential pharmacological functions of matrine, most of which are supported by the literature evidence, including neurotoxicity and neuropharmacological activities of matrine. Furthermore, computational results demonstrated that matrine has the potential for the induction of macropinocytosis and the regulation of ATP metabolism. Our experimental data revealed that the large vesicles induced by matrine are consistent with the typical characteristics of macropinosome. Our verification results also suggested that matrine could decrease cellular ATP level. These findings demonstrated the availability and effectiveness of the network target strategy for identifying the comprehensive pharmacological functions of natural products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, TCM-X Center, Bioinformatics Division, TNLIST, Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, TCM-X Center, Bioinformatics Division, TNLIST, Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Li
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Min Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, TCM-X Center, Bioinformatics Division, TNLIST, Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Yan Wang
- Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shao Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, TCM-X Center, Bioinformatics Division, TNLIST, Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Anantharam P, Whitley EM, Mahama B, Kim DS, Imerman PM, Shao D, Langley MR, Kanthasamy A, Rumbeiha WK. Characterizing a mouse model for evaluation of countermeasures against hydrogen sulfide-induced neurotoxicity and neurological sequelae. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2017; 1400:46-64. [PMID: 28719733 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) is a highly neurotoxic gas. It is the second most common cause of gas-induced deaths. Beyond mortality, surviving victims of acute exposure may suffer long-term neurological sequelae. There is a need to develop countermeasures against H2 S poisoning. However, no translational animal model of H2 S-induced neurological sequelae exists. Here, we describe a novel mouse model of H2 S-induced neurotoxicity for translational research. In paradigm I, C57/BL6 mice were exposed to 765 ppm H2 S for 40 min on day 1, followed by 15-min daily exposures for periods ranging from 1 to 6 days. In paradigm II, mice were exposed once to 1000 ppm H2 S for 60 minutes. Mice were assessed for behavioral, neurochemical, biochemical, and histopathological changes. H2 S intoxication caused seizures, dyspnea, respiratory depression, knockdowns, and death. H2 S-exposed mice showed significant impairment in locomotor and coordinated motor movement activity compared with controls. Histopathology revealed neurodegenerative lesions in the collicular, thalamic, and cortical brain regions. H2 S significantly increased dopamine and serotonin concentration in several brain regions and caused time-dependent decreases in GABA and glutamate concentrations. Furthermore, H2 S significantly suppressed cytochrome c oxidase activity and caused significant loss in body weight. Overall, male mice were more sensitive than females. This novel translational mouse model of H2 S-induced neurotoxicity is reliable, reproducible, and recapitulates acute H2 S poisoning in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Poojya Anantharam
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Animal Production Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | | | - Belinda Mahama
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Animal Production Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Dong-Suk Kim
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Animal Production Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Paula M Imerman
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Animal Production Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Dahai Shao
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Animal Production Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Monica R Langley
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Arthi Kanthasamy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Wilson K Rumbeiha
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Animal Production Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Jiang L, Wu L, Yang F, Almosnid N, Liu X, Jiang J, Altman E, Wang L, Gao Y. Synthesis, biological evaluation and mechanism studies of matrine derivatives as anticancer agents. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:3057-3064. [PMID: 28927053 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of five matrine derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-proliferation activity using a panel of four human cancer cell lines, including A549 lung, BT20 breast, MCF-7 breast and U2OS osteosarcoma cells. The YF3-5, YF3-7 and YF3-9, three novel compounds, demonstrated increased anti-proliferation activity compared with matrine, of which YF3-5 revealed the strongest anti-proliferation activity with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration value of 15.49-16.67 µM against the four human cancer cell lines. The anti-proliferation mechanism underlying YF3-5 was investigated in the A549 human lung cancer cell line and the results demonstrated that YF3-5 exerted its anti-proliferation activity through the induction of apoptosis and oxidative stress, in addition to arresting the cell cycle at the G1 phase in a dose-dependent manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lihe Jiang
- The Center for Drug Screening and Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P.R. China.,Department of Biology, Tennessee Center for Botanical Medicine Research, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN 37132, USA
| | - Lichuan Wu
- The Center for Drug Screening and Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P.R. China
| | - Fangfang Yang
- The Center for Drug Screening and Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P.R. China
| | - Nadin Almosnid
- Department of Biology, Tennessee Center for Botanical Medicine Research, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN 37132, USA
| | - Xu Liu
- The Center for Drug Screening and Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P.R. China
| | - Jun Jiang
- The Center for Drug Screening and Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P.R. China
| | - Elliot Altman
- Department of Biology, Tennessee Center for Botanical Medicine Research, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN 37132, USA
| | - Lisheng Wang
- The Center for Drug Screening and Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P.R. China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Biology, Tennessee Center for Botanical Medicine Research, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN 37132, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hao F, Jia LH, Li XW, Zhang YR, Liu XW. Garcinol Upregulates GABAA and GAD65 Expression, Modulates BDNF-TrkB Pathway to Reduce Seizures in Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-Induced Epilepsy. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:4415-4425. [PMID: 27855137 PMCID: PMC5117238 DOI: 10.12659/msm.897579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epilepsy is the most predominant neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures. Despite treatment with antiepileptic drugs, epilepsy still is a challenge to treat, due to the associated adverse effects of the drugs. Previous investigations have shown critical roles of BDNF-TrkB signalling and expression of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) and GABAA in the brain during epilepsy. Thus, drugs that could modulate BDNF-TrkB signal and expression of GAD65 and GABAA could aid in therapy. Recent experimental data have focussed on plant-derived compounds in treatments. Garcinol (camboginol), is a polyisoprenylated benzophenone derived from the fruit of Garcinia indica. We investigated the effects of garcinol in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced epileptic models. MATERIAL AND METHODS Seizure scores were measured in epilepsy kindled mice. Neuronal degeneration and apoptosis were assessed by Nissl staining, TUNEL assay, and Fluoro-Jade B staining. Immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate cleaved caspase-3 expressions. Expression of BDNF, TrkB, GABAA, GAD65, Bad, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and Bax were determined by western blots. RESULTS Significantly reduced seizure scores and mortality rates were observed with pretreatment with garcinol. Elevated expression of apoptotic proteins and caspase-3 in kindled mice were effectively downregulated by garcinol. Epileptogenic mice presented increased BDNF and TrkB with considerably decreased GABAA and GAD65 expression. Garcinol significantly enhanced GABAA and GAD65 while it suppressed BDNF and TrkB. Garcinol enhanced the performance of mice in Morris water maze tests. CONCLUSIONS Garcinol exerts neuroprotective effects via supressing apoptosis and modulating BDNF-TrkB signalling and GAD65/GABAA expressions and also enhanced cognition and memory of the mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Hao
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Li-Hua Jia
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Wan Li
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Rui Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Wu Liu
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gao Y, Yan H, Jin R, Lei P. Antiepileptic activity of total triterpenes isolated from Poria cocos is mediated by suppression of aspartic and glutamic acids in the brain. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:2528-2535. [PMID: 27159135 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2016.1168853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Triterpenes from Poria cocos Wolf (Polyporaceae) have been used to treat various diseases in traditional Chinese medicine. However, the antiepileptic effects and mechanism are not fully understood. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to investigate the antiepileptic properties of total triterpenes (TTP) from the whole P. cocos. MATERIALS AND METHODS The ethanol extract TTP was identified by HPLC fingerprint analysis. Male ICR mice were gavaged (i.g.) with TTP (5, 20, 80 or 160 mg/kg) or reference drugs twice a day for 7 d. Antiepileptic activities of TTP were evaluated by maximal electroshock (MES)- and pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures in mice for 30 and 60 min, respectively. Locomotor activity and Rota-rod tests were performed for 60 min and 5 min, respectively. The levels of glutamic acid (Glu), aspartic acid (Asp), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glycine (Gly) in convulsive mice were estimated. The chronic epileptic model of Wistar rats was built to measure expressions of glutamate decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) and GABAA in rat brain after TTP treatment. RESULTS The LC50 of TTP (i.g.) was above 6 g/kg. TTP (5-160 mg/kg) protected mice against MES- and PTZ-induced convulsions at 65.0% and 62.5%, respectively, but have no effect on rota-rod treadmill; TTP (20-160 mg/kg) significantly reduced the locomotor activities, shortened the onset of pentobarbital sodium-induced sleep; TTP decreased Glu and Asp levels in convulsive mice, but increased the GAD65 and GABAA expressions in chronic epileptic rats at doses usage. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION TTP extracted from P. cocos possessed potential antiepileptic properties and is a candidate for further antiepileptic drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiong Gao
- a Department of Testing , Shannxi Provincial People's Hospital , Xi'an , China
| | - Hua Yan
- b Department of the First West Yard , Shannxi Provincial People's Hospital , Xi'an , China
| | - Ruirui Jin
- c China Unit 61068 of People's Liberation Army Hospital , Xi'an , China
| | - Peng Lei
- d Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shannxi Provincial People's Hospital , Xi'an , China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Morales-Villagrán A, Pardo-Peña K, Medina-Ceja L, López-Pérez S. A microdialysis and enzymatic reactor sensing procedure for the simultaneous registration of online glutamate measurements at high temporal resolution during epileptiform activity. J Neurochem 2016; 139:886-896. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Morales-Villagrán
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Neurochemistry; Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology; CUCBA; University of Guadalajara; Jalisco México
| | - Kenia Pardo-Peña
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Neurochemistry; Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology; CUCBA; University of Guadalajara; Jalisco México
| | - Laura Medina-Ceja
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Neurochemistry; Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology; CUCBA; University of Guadalajara; Jalisco México
| | - Silvia López-Pérez
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Neurochemistry; Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology; CUCBA; University of Guadalajara; Jalisco México
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Combined approaches for the relief of spinal cord injury-induced neuropathic pain. Complement Ther Med 2016; 25:27-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2015.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
|
19
|
Atli O, Demir-Ozkay U, Ilgin S, Aydin TH, Akbulut EN, Sener E. Evidence for neurotoxicity associated with amoxicillin in juvenile rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2015; 35:866-76. [PMID: 26429924 DOI: 10.1177/0960327115607948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Amoxicillin (AMX) is one of the most commonly prescribed antibiotics for children, and childhood is the period to have the highest risk for toxicity cases including drug-induced adverse reactions. Some neurological adverse effects (anxiety, hyperactivity, confusion, convulsions, and behavioral changes) have been reported related to AMX treatment. In the present study, we aimed to determine the neurotoxic effects of AMX administration at clinically relevant doses in female juvenile rats. AMX was administered in single oral daily doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg for 14 days. According to our results, while AMX administration caused a significant increase in the immobility time of animals, swimming time of these animals significantly decreased. AMX administration significantly reduced the onset of pentylenetetrazole-induced convulsions. The serotonin levels of brain tissues in the AMX-administered groups were decreased significantly, which is thought to be related to depression. The glutamate levels in brain tissues increased significantly in AMX-administered groups, which is thought to be related to convulsion. Otherwise, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were significantly decreased in brain tissues of AMX-administered groups. In conclusion, AMX administration triggered depression and shortened the time of the appearance of first seizure in juvenile rats. Also, altered brain neurotransmitter levels and increased oxidative stress observed in our study were thought to be the possible underlying mechanisms of AMX-induced neurotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O Atli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - U Demir-Ozkay
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - S Ilgin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - T H Aydin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - E N Akbulut
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - E Sener
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Liu H, Song Z, Liao DG, Zhang TY, Liu F, Zhuang K, Luo K, Yang L, He J, Lei JP. Anticonvulsant and Sedative Effects of Eudesmin isolated from Acorus tatarinowii
on mice and rats. Phytother Res 2015; 29:996-1003. [PMID: 25851178 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery; The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; Changsha Hunan 410013 China
| | - Zhi Song
- Department of Neurology; The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; Changsha Hunan 410013 China
| | - Da-Guang Liao
- Department of Neurosurgery; The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; Changsha Hunan 410013 China
| | - Tian-Yi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery; The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; Changsha Hunan 410013 China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery; The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; Changsha Hunan 410013 China
| | - Kai Zhuang
- Department of Neurosurgery; The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; Changsha Hunan 410013 China
| | - Kui Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery; The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; Changsha Hunan 410013 China
| | - Liang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery; The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; Changsha Hunan 410013 China
| | - Jing He
- Department of Pharmacy; The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; Changsha Hunan 410013 China
| | - Jian-Ping Lei
- Department of Pharmacy; The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; Changsha Hunan 410013 China
| |
Collapse
|