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Kim JY, Hong JY, Kim SM, Ryu KH, Kim DS, Lee SH, Na JH, Cho HH, Yu J, Lee J. Socio-economic factors and medical conditions affecting regular stomach cancer screening in Korea: a retrospective longitudinal study using national public health data for 11 years. Public Health 2024; 227:70-77. [PMID: 38128357 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore socio-economic factors and medical conditions that affect regular stomach cancer (SC) screening among Korean adults. STUDY DESIGN This was a retrospective observational study. METHODS Study subjects were 5545 adults aged ≥40 years who participated in the 2007-2012 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and were followed up to year 2017 based on data linking to the Korean National Health Insurance Service and Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment. Socio-economic factors included sex, age, residential area, education, occupation, marital status, disability, public and private health insurance, service through local public health organizations, history of cancer except for SC, and family history of SC. Medical factors included six gastric lesions with the possibility of facilitating SC screening, including benign gastric neoplasm, chronic atrophic gastritis, gastric polyp, Helicobacter pylori infection, intestinal metaplasia, and peptic ulcers. The outcome was adherence to SC screening, which was divided into non-adherence, irregular adherence, and regular adherence. RESULTS After adjusting for the effects of socio-economic factors, multivariate ordinal logistic regression revealed that participants with a history of four types of gastric lesions were more likely to regularly participate in SC screening: chronic atrophic gastritis (odds ratio [OR] 1.567; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.276-1.923), gastric polyps (OR 1.565; 95% CI = 1.223-2.003), H. pylori infection (OR 1.637; 95% CI = 1.338-2.003), and peptic ulcer (OR 2.226; 95% CI 1.750-2.831). CONCLUSIONS To improve participation in SC screening, it is necessary to implement personalized strategies for individuals at risk for gastric cancer in addition to population-based strategies for vulnerable groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-Y Kim
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, South Korea; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - J Y Hong
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - S M Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, 158, Gwanjeodong-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon, South Korea.
| | - K H Ryu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, 158, Gwanjeodong-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - D S Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, 158, Gwanjeodong-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - S H Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, 158, Gwanjeodong-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - J H Na
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, 158, Gwanjeodong-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - H H Cho
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, 158, Gwanjeodong-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - J Yu
- Medical Data Research group, Konyang University Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - J Lee
- Medical Data Research group, Konyang University Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea
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Kim DS, Santana Maldonado CM, Giulivi C, Rumbeiha WK. Metabolomic Signatures of Brainstem in Mice following Acute and Subchronic Hydrogen Sulfide Exposure. Metabolites 2024; 14:53. [PMID: 38248856 PMCID: PMC10819975 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14010053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an environmental toxicant of significant health concern. The brain is a major target in acute H2S poisoning. This study was conducted to test the hypothesis that acute and subchronic ambient H2S exposures alter the brain metabolome. Male 7-8-week-old C57BL/6J mice were exposed by whole-body inhalation to 1000 ppm H2S for 45 min and euthanized at 5 min or 72 h for acute exposure. For subchronic study, mice were exposed to 5 ppm H2S 2 h/day, 5 days/week for 5 weeks. Control mice were exposed to room air. The brainstem was removed for metabolomic analysis. Enrichment analysis showed that the metabolomic profiles in acute and subchronic H2S exposures matched with those of cerebral spinal fluid from patients with seizures or Alzheimer's disease. Acute H2S exposure decreased excitatory neurotransmitters, aspartate, and glutamate, while the inhibitory neurotransmitter, serotonin, was increased. Branched-chain amino acids and glucose were increased by acute H2S exposure. Subchronic H2S exposure within OSHA guidelines surprisingly decreased serotonin concentration. In subchronic H2S exposure, glucose was decreased, while polyunsaturated fatty acids, inosine, and hypoxanthine were increased. Collectively, these results provide important mechanistic clues for acute and subchronic ambient H2S poisoning and show that H2S alters brainstem metabolome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Suk Kim
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (D.-S.K.); (C.M.S.M.); (C.G.)
| | - Cristina M. Santana Maldonado
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (D.-S.K.); (C.M.S.M.); (C.G.)
- MRI Global, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | - Cecilia Giulivi
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (D.-S.K.); (C.M.S.M.); (C.G.)
| | - Wilson Kiiza Rumbeiha
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (D.-S.K.); (C.M.S.M.); (C.G.)
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Rumbeiha WK, Kim DS, Min A, Nair M, Giulivi C. Disrupted brain mitochondrial morphology after in vivo hydrogen sulfide exposure. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18129. [PMID: 37875542 PMCID: PMC10598273 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44807-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in mitochondrial dynamics are often associated with dietary patterns, medical treatments, xenobiotics, and diseases. Toxic exposures to hydrogen sulfide (H2S) harm mitochondria by inhibiting Complex IV and via other mechanisms. However, changes in mitochondrial dynamics, including morphology following acute exposure to H2S, are not yet fully understood. This study followed mitochondrial morphology changes over time after a single acute LCt50 dose of H2S by examining electron microscopy thalami images of surviving mice. Our findings revealed that within the initial 48 h after H2S exposure, mitochondrial morphology was impaired by H2S, supported by the disruption and scarcity of the cristae, which are required to enhance the surface area for ATP production. At the 72-h mark point, a spectrum of morphological cellular changes was observed, and the disordered mitochondrial network, accompanied by the probable disruption of mitophagy, was tied to changes in mitochondrial shape. In summary, this study sheds light on how acute exposure to high levels of H2S triggers alterations in mitochondrial shape and structure as early as 24 h that become more evident at 72 h post-exposure. These findings underscore the impact of H2S on mitochondrial function and overall cellular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson K Rumbeiha
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Dong-Suk Kim
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Angela Min
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Maya Nair
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Cecilia Giulivi
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
- Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (MIND) Institute UCDH, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA.
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Kim DS, Pessah IN, Santana CM, Purnell BS, Li R, Buchanan GF, Rumbeiha WK. Investigations into hydrogen sulfide-induced suppression of neuronal activity in vivo and calcium dysregulation in vitro. Toxicol Sci 2023; 192:kfad022. [PMID: 36882182 PMCID: PMC10109532 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfad022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute exposure to high concentrations of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) leads to sudden death and, if survived, lingering neurological disorders. Clinical signs include seizures, loss of consciousness, and dyspnea. The proximate mechanisms underlying H2S-induced acute toxicity and death have not been clearly elucidated. We investigated electrocerebral, cardiac and respiratory activity during H2S exposure using electroencephalogram (EEG), electrocardiogram (EKG) and plethysmography. H2S suppressed electrocerebral activity and disrupted breathing. Cardiac activity was comparatively less affected. To test whether Ca2+ dysregulation contributes to H2S-induced EEG suppression, we developed an in vitro real-time rapid throughput assay measuring patterns of spontaneous synchronized Ca2+ oscillations in cultured primary cortical neuronal networks loaded with the indicator Fluo-4 using the fluorescent imaging plate reader (FLIPR-Tetra®). Sulfide >5 ppm dysregulated synchronous calcium oscillation (SCO) patterns in a dose-dependent manner. Inhibitors of NMDA and AMPA receptors magnified H2S-induced SCO suppression. Inhibitors of L-type voltage gated Ca2+ channels and transient receptor potential channels prevented H2S-induced SCO suppression. Inhibitors of T-type voltage gated Ca2+ channels, ryanodine receptors, and sodium channels had no measurable influence on H2S-induced SCO suppression. Exposures to > 5 ppm sulfide also suppressed neuronal electrical activity in primary cortical neurons measured by multi-electrode array (MEA), an effect alleviated by pretreatment with the nonselective transient receptor potential channel inhibitor, 2-APB. 2-APB also reduced primary cortical neuronal cell death from sulfide exposure. These results improve our understanding of the role of different Ca2+ channels in acute H2S-induced neurotoxicity and identify transient receptor potential channel modulators as novel structures with potential therapeutic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Suk Kim
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Isaac N Pessah
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Cristina M Santana
- VDPAM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- MRIGlobal, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, USA
| | - Benton S Purnell
- Department of Neurology, Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52246, USA
- Department of Nerosurgery, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Neurology, Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52246, USA
| | - Gordon F Buchanan
- Department of Neurology, Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52246, USA
| | - Wilson K Rumbeiha
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
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Santana Maldonado CM, Kim DS, Purnell B, Li R, Buchanan GF, Smith J, Thedens DR, Gauger P, Rumbeiha WK. Acute hydrogen sulfide-induced neurochemical and morphological changes in the brainstem. Toxicology 2023; 485:153424. [PMID: 36610655 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a toxin affecting the cardiovascular, respiratory, and central nervous systems. Acute H2S exposure is associated with a high rate of mortality and morbidity. The precise pathophysiology of H2S-induced death is a controversial topic; however, inhibition of the respiratory center in the brainstem is commonly cited as a cause of death. There is a knowledge gap on toxicity and toxic mechanisms of acute H2S poisoning on the brainstem, a brain region responsible for regulating many reflective and vital functions. Serotonin (5-HT), dopamine (DA), and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) play a role in maintaining a normal stable respiratory rhythmicity. We hypothesized that the inhibitory respiratory effects of H2S poisoning are mediated by 5-HT in the respiratory center of the brainstem. Male C57BL/6 mice were exposed once to an LCt50 concentration of H2S (1000 ppm). Batches of surviving mice were euthanized at 5 min, 2 h, 12 h, 24 h, 72 h, and on day 7 post-exposure. Pulmonary function, vigilance state, and mortality were monitored during exposure. The brainstem was analyzed for DA, 3,4-dehydroxyphenyl acetic acid (DOPAC), 5-HT, 5-hydroxyindoleatic acid (5-HIAA), norepinephrine (NE), GABA, glutamate, and glycine using HPLC. Enzymatic activities of monoamine oxidases (MAO) were also measured in the brainstem using commercial kits. Neurodegeneration was assessed using immunohistochemistry and magnetic resonance imaging. Results showed that DA and DOPAC were significantly increased at 5 min post H2S exposure. However, by 2 h DA returned to normal. Activities of MAO were significantly increased at 5 min and 2 h post-exposure. In contrast, NE was significantly decreased at 5 min and 2 h post-exposure. Glutamate was overly sensitive to H2S-induced toxicity manifesting a time-dependent concentration reduction throughout the 7 day duration of the study. Remarkably, there were no changes in 5-HT, 5-HIAA, glycine, or GABA concentrations. Cytochrome c oxidase activity was inhibited but recovered by 24 h. Neurodegeneration was observed starting at 72 h post H2S exposure in select brainstem regions. We conclude that acute H2S exposure causes differential effects on brainstem neurotransmitters. H2S also induces neurodegeneration and biochemical changes in the brainstem. Additional work is needed to fully understand the implications of both the short- and long-term effects of acute H2S poisoning on vital functions regulated by the brainstem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina M Santana Maldonado
- Veterinary Diagnostic Production and Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010, USA.
| | - Dong-Suk Kim
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Benton Purnell
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| | - Gordon F Buchanan
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| | - Jodi Smith
- Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010, USA.
| | - Daniel R Thedens
- Seamans Center for the Engineering Arts and Sciences, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| | - Phillip Gauger
- Veterinary Diagnostic Production and Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010, USA.
| | - Wilson K Rumbeiha
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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Lapteva KN, Savin IA, Shimansky VN, Maslennikova MA, Kim DS, Sokolova EY, Sazonova OB. [Status epilepticus after brain tumor surgery]. Zh Vopr Neirokhir Im N N Burdenko 2023; 87:65-73. [PMID: 37325828 DOI: 10.17116/neiro20238703165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ABTRACT BACKGROUND Status epilepticus (SE) is characterized by continuous course of clinical and/or electrographic epileptic seizures. There are little data on the course and outcomes of SE after resection of brain tumors. OBJECTIVE To analyze clinical and electrographic manifestations of SE, its course and outcomes in short-term period after resection of brain tumors. MATERIAL AND METHODS We analyzed medical records of 18 patients over 18 years old between 2012 and 2019. All patients underwent resection of brain tumor and developed SE after surgery. Clinical criteria were repeated epileptic seizures without interictal recovery of consciousness, stereotypical motor phenomena, impaired consciousness with continued epileptic activity according to video-EEG data. We analyzed EEG data, neurological status, CT and laboratory data. RESULTS Metastases (33%) and meningiomas (16%) prevailed. Supratentorial tumors were observed in 61% of patients. Two patients had preoperative seizures. Non-convulsive SE was diagnosed in 62% of patients. SE was successfully treated in 77% of cases. Mortality rate in patients with SE was 44%. CONCLUSION Early postoperative SE is rare after brain tumor surgery (about 0.09%). Nevertheless, this complication is associated with high mortality. Non-convulsive SE is common (62%) that should be considered in postoperative management.
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Affiliation(s)
- K N Lapteva
- Burdenko Neurosurgical Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - I A Savin
- Burdenko Neurosurgical Center, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - M A Maslennikova
- Moscow Multidisciplinary Clinical Center «Kommunarka», Moscow, Russia
| | - D S Kim
- Burdenko Neurosurgical Center, Moscow, Russia
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Park SH, Goh TS, Park YG, Kim DS, Lee JS. Validation of a Korean version of the quality-of-life profile for spine deformities (QLPSD) in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:84-89. [PMID: 35049023 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202201_27751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the adapted Korean version of the Quality-of-Life Profile for Spine Deformities (QLPSD) questionnaire. PATIENTS AND METHODS English version of QLPSD was translated into Korean according to previously published guidelines. The Korean version of the QLPSD questionnaire and the Korean version of the SRS-22 was sent to 120 consecutive idiopathic scoliosis patients wearing braces recruited from the outpatient clinic. Reliability assessment and construct validity were evaluated. RESULTS The intraobserver reliability of all items in the questionnaire had a kappa statistic of agreement greater than 0.6. The QLPSD showed good test/re-test reliability (ICC = 0.815). The internal consistency of Cronbach's α was found to be very good (α = 0.918). The Korean version of QLPSD showed a significant correlation with the SRS-22 total score (p<0.001, r=-0.811) and single SRS-22 domains scores. CONCLUSIONS The adapted Korean version of the QLPSD was successfully translated and showed good measurement properties. As such, it is considered suitable for outcome assessments in Korean-speaking patients with idiopathic scoliosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Park
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gupo Sungshim Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.
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Santana CM, Gauger P, Vetger A, Magstadt D, Kim DS, Shrestha D, Charavaryamath C, Rumbeiha WK. Ambient hydrogen sulfide exposure increases the severity of influenza A virus infection in swine. Arch Environ Occup Health 2021; 76:526-538. [PMID: 33750267 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2021.1896986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is common in concentrated pig feed operations from the decomposition of manure. Ambient H2S is a respiratory tract irritant and an environmental stressor for caretakers and pigs. Influenza A virus (IAV), a zoonotic pathogen, has caused prior pandemics. The effects of H2S or IAV alone on the respiratory system have been investigated, but their interaction has not. We hypothesized that exposure to environmentally-relevant H2S concentrations increases the pathogenicity of IAV infection in swine. Thirty-five, three-week old pigs of mixed sex were exposed to breathing air or H2S via inhalation 6 hours daily for 12 days. After 7 days, pigs were inoculated with H3N2 IAV (or a placebo). Results showed that ambient H2S increased the severity of respiratory distress and lung pathology. H2S also suppressed IL-IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 cytokine response in BALF and increased viral loads and nasal shedding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina M Santana
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Phillip Gauger
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Amber Vetger
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Drew Magstadt
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Dong-Suk Kim
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Denusha Shrestha
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | | | - Wilson K Rumbeiha
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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Ishii H, Stechman MJ, Watkinson JC, Aspinall S, Kim DS. A Review of Parathyroid Surgery for Primary Hyperparathyroidism from the United Kingdom Registry of Endocrine and Thyroid Surgery (UKRETS). World J Surg 2020; 45:782-789. [PMID: 33263777 PMCID: PMC7851004 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-020-05885-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The United Kingdom Registry of Endocrine and Thyroid Surgeons is a national database holding details on > 28,000 parathyroidectomies. METHODS An extract (2004-2017) of the database was analysed to investigate the reported efficacy, safety and use of intra-operative surgical adjuncts in targeted parathyroidectomy (tPTx) and bilateral neck exploration (BNE) for adult, first-time primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). RESULTS 50.9% of 21,738 cases underwent tPTx. Excellent short-term (median follow-up 35 days) post-operative normocalcaemia rates were reported overall (tPTx 96.6%, BNE 94.5%, p < 0.05) and in image-positive cases (tPTx 96.7%, BNE 96%, p < 0.05). Intra-operative PTH improved overall normocalcaemia rates (tPTx 97.8% vs 96.3%, BNE 95% vs 94.4%: both p < 0.05). Intra-operative nerve monitoring reduced vocal cord (VC) dysfunction in image-positive tPTx, but not in BNE (97.8% vs 93.2%, p < 0.05). Complications were higher following BNE (7.4% vs 3.8%, p < 0.05), especially hypocalcaemia (5.3% vs 2%, p < 0.05). There was no difference in rates of subjective dysphonia following tPTx or BNE (2.4% vs 2.3%, p > 0.05), nor any difference in VC dysfunction when formally examined (4.9% vs 4.1%, p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In image-positive, first time, adult PHPT cases, tPTx is as safe and effective as BNE, with both achieving excellent short-term results with minimal complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ishii
- Department of ENT, Head & Neck Surgery, St George's Hospital, Blackshaw Road, Tooting, London, SW17 0QT, UK.
| | - M J Stechman
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, University Hospital Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - J C Watkinson
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - S Aspinall
- Department of General Surgery, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK
| | - D S Kim
- Department of ENT, Head & Neck Surgery, St George's Hospital, Blackshaw Road, Tooting, London, SW17 0QT, UK
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Nikitin PV, Ryzhova MV, Galstyan SA, Kim DS, Zubova IV, Khokhlova EA, Shugay SV. Identification of different cell clusters in the endothelium of atherosclerotic vessels and determination of inter-cluster gradient of proliferative and inflammatory activity as new diagnostic markers. Biotech Histochem 2020; 96:487-497. [PMID: 32938242 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2020.1823016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
To characterize atherogenesis functionally, we studied the functional heterogeneity of endotheliocytes in carotid vessels with atherosclerotic plaques and identified several distinct cell clusters. We measured the Ki-67 labeling index (Ki-67 LI), percentage of Bcl-2 cells (CP) and expression of CCL5, IL 6 and VCAM1 in each cell cluster. We also investigated how these indicators change when the plaque becomes unstable and how they affect the risk of adverse cerebrovascular events in patients. We evaluated the inter-cluster gradient of marker activity and its relation to patient prognosis. We identified five endothelial clusters: the under plaque cluster (UPC), peripheral cluster (PC), marginal cluster (MC), transient cluster (TC) and outside plaque cluster (OC). The UPC exhibited the greatest proliferative, proinflammatory and adhesive activity, but low anti-apoptotic activity. The PC exhibited the second greatest proliferative, adhesive and proinflammatory activity. Progression of atherosclerosis and transition of a stable atherosclerotic plaque to an unstable one was accompanied by increased expression of nearly all markers. The proliferative activity in the UPC, PC and OC, and the pro-inflammatory activity in UPC and anti-apoptotic activity in the PC, were correlated with prognosis. Also, two gradients of proliferative activity and a gradient of pro-inflammatory activity were associated with risk of adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- P V Nikitin
- P.K. Anokhin Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - M V Ryzhova
- N. N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - S A Galstyan
- N. N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - D S Kim
- N. N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - I V Zubova
- N. N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - E A Khokhlova
- N. N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - S V Shugay
- N. N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Nazarov VV, Linde NN, Kim DS, Danilov GV, Cherekaev VA, Kozlov AV. [Glioblastoma in the region of previously resected meningioma. Case report and literature review]. Zh Vopr Neirokhir Im N N Burdenko 2020; 84:61-68. [PMID: 32759928 DOI: 10.17116/neiro20208404161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Combination of meningioma and glioblastoma within the same anatomical region is casuistry. We found only 13 case reports in the available literature. Some of the authors reported induced nature of the second tumor, i.e. development under the influence of the primary neoplasm. We report a patient with glioblastoma of the right frontoparietotemporal region in 3 years after previous resection of benign right-sided meningioma of sphenoid wings. Mathematical analysis of the discovered pattern resulted conclusion about its random nature, i.e. no causal relationship between both neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- V V Nazarov
- Burdenko Neurosurgical Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - N N Linde
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - D S Kim
- Burdenko Neurosurgical Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - G V Danilov
- Burdenko Neurosurgical Center, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - A V Kozlov
- Burdenko Neurosurgical Center, Moscow, Russia
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Kim DS, Foster BE, Collen JF, Eliasson AH. 1034 Should We Recommend More Sleep To Prevent Obesity? Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.1030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
According to the 2015-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), the national adult obesity rate was 40% with the incidence of adult obesity having increased by 70% over the last 30 years. Paralleling the obesity epidemic have been worsening sleep deprivation and eroding sleep quality. We analyzed data from a Cardiovascular Health Registry to explore a link between total sleep time and obesity.
Methods
Registry participants underwent anthropometrics and completed validated questionnaires assessing health behaviors and symptoms including total sleep time (TST), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and exercise time. Differences between subjects with sufficient (≥7 hours) and insufficient (<7 hours) sleep were analyzed using T-tests.
Results
Registry participants (n=630) had mean age 55.3±9.9 years (45% men, 391W, 182B, 26H, 12A, 19O). The subgroup with sufficient sleep (n=261, 48% men), had mean BMI 29.3±5.6 while the subgroup with insufficient sleep (n=369, 44% men) had mean BMI of 30.5±5.3, p=0.008. The insufficient sleep group was noted to be sleepier (ESS 9.7±4.9 vs 7.4±4.6, p<0.001), more fatigued (FSS 4.9±2.3 vs 3.5±2.4, p<0.001) and have worse sleep quality (PSQI 8.6±3.7 vs 4.7±2.8, p<0.001). Insufficient sleepers also perceived greater stress levels (PSS 22.2±8.4 vs 18.9±6.2, p<0.001), and showed a trend toward less exercise per week (143±134 vs 163±106 minutes, p=0.13).
Conclusion
Participants with insufficient sleep were significantly more overweight on average and were more symptomatic for insufficient sleep. While current approaches to weight management focus largely on diet and physical activity, the data from this study suggest that insufficient sleep should also be considered as a risk factor for obesity and should be incorporated into management plans for obesity.
Support
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD
| | - B E Foster
- Sleep Disorders Center, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD
| | - J F Collen
- Sleep Disorders Center, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD
| | - A H Eliasson
- Sleep Disorders Center, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD
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Andreev DN, Kim DS, Shishkina LV, Kalinin PL, Astafieva LI, Tropinskaya OF, Voronina IA, Turkin AM, Nazarov VV, Kadashev BA. [Breast cancer metastasis into a giant hormone-inactive pituitary adenoma adenoma. (Clinical case and literature review)]. Zh Vopr Neirokhir Im N N Burdenko 2020; 84:55-61. [PMID: 32207743 DOI: 10.17116/neiro20208401155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Brain metastases of various types of cancer are diagnosed in 8-10% of all cancer patients. In the world literature, only 30 cases of cancer metastasis to the pituitary adenoma are described. This article presents yet another observation of a patient with breast cancer metastasis into the hormone-inactive pituitary adenoma at the Burdenko neurosurgical center, Russia The patient underwent endoscopic endonasal transsphenoid removal of the neoplasm. During microscopy and immunohistochemical studies of the biopsy, two types of tissue (pituitary adenoma and cancer metastasis) with different Ki-67 treated surgically (1% and over 40%) were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- D N Andreev
- Burdenko Neurosurgical Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - D S Kim
- Burdenko Neurosurgical Center, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - P L Kalinin
- Burdenko Neurosurgical Center, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | | | - A M Turkin
- Burdenko Neurosurgical Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - V V Nazarov
- Burdenko Neurosurgical Center, Moscow, Russia
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14
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Lee SH, Park JS, Kim SY, Kim DS, Kim YW, Chung MP, Uh ST, Park CS, Park SW, Jeong SH, Park YB, Lee HL, Shin JW, Lee JH, Jegal Y, Lee HK, Kim YH, Song JW, Park MS. Clinical features and prognosis of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2020; 23:678-684. [PMID: 31315699 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.18.0194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
<sec> <title>BACKGROUND</title> Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) share common risk factors. They could therefore be expressed in a single patient. However, the prevalence, clinical characteristics and prognosis of individuals with comorbid IPF and COPD are not known. </sec> <sec> <title>METHOD</title> From 2003 to 2007, the Korean Interstitial Lung Disease Study Group created a register for idiopathic interstitial pneumonia using 2002 ATS/ERS (American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society) criteria. Of the 1546 IPF patients assessed, 143 had decreased lung function consistent with COPD (IPF-COPD). COPD was diagnosed based on age (≥40 years) and pulmonary function (forced expiratory volume in 1 sec [FEV1]/forced vital capacity [FVC] ratio < 0.7). </sec> <sec> <title>RESULTS</title> The median age of the IPF-COPD group was 71.0 years (interquartile range 66.0-76.0); most patients were male (88.1%). FVC (%) was significantly higher in the IPF-COPD group; however, FEV1 (%) was significantly lower in the IPF-COPD group (P < 0.001). Diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) was not significantly different between the two groups. In survival analysis, age and FVC (%), but not COPD, were significantly associated with prognosis (respectively P = 0.003, 0.001 and 0.401). COPD severity was also not related to prognosis (P = 0.935). </sec> <sec> <title>CONCLUSION</title> The prevalence of IPF-COPD was estimated to be ∼9.2% among all IPF patients; prognosis of patients with IPF-COPD was not worse than those with IPF alone. </sec>.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Lee
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Department of Internal Medicine, National University College of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul
| | - J S Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, National University College of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul
| | - S Y Kim
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Institute of Chest Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - D S Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul
| | - Y W Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Lung Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - M P Chung
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul
| | - S T Uh
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul
| | - C S Park
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Gyeonggi-do
| | - S W Park
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Gyeonggi-do
| | - S H Jeong
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon
| | - Y B Park
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul
| | - H L Lee
- Pulmonary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Incheon
| | - J W Shin
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - J H Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Ewha Medical Research Institute, Seoul
| | - Y Jegal
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan
| | - H K Lee
- Division of Critical Care and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Pusan Paik Hospital, Busan
| | - Y H Kim
- Division of Allergy and Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Bucheon St Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J W Song
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul
| | - M S Park
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Institute of Chest Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
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Ahn D, Song JD, Kang SS, Lim JY, Yang SH, Ko S, Park SH, Park SJ, Kim DS, Chang HJ, Chang J. Intrinsically p-type cuprous iodide semiconductor for hybrid light-emitting diodes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3995. [PMID: 32132624 PMCID: PMC7055318 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61021-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cuprous halides, characterized by a direct wide band-gap and a good lattice matching with Si, is an intrinsic p-type I-VII compound semiconductor. It shows remarkable optoelectronic properties, including a large exciton binding energy at room temperature and a very small piezoelectric coefficient. The major obstacle to its application is the difficulty in growing a single-crystal epitaxial film of cuprous halides. We first demonstrate the single crystal epitaxy of high quality cuprous iodide (CuI) film grown on Si and sapphire substrates by molecular beam epitaxy. Enhanced photoluminescence on the order of magnitude larger than that of GaN and continuous-wave optically pumped lasing were found in MBE grown CuI film. The intrinsic p-type characteristics of CuI were confirmed using an n-AlGaN/p-CuI junction that emits blue light. The discovery will provide an alternative way towards highly efficient optoelectronic devices compatible with both Si and III-nitride technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ahn
- Peta Lux Inc., 3F TLi Building, 12 Yanghyeon-ro, 405 beon-gil, Jungwon-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13438, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Center for Quantum Information Processing, University of Seoul, 163 Seoulsiripdae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea. .,Physics Department, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Florida Atlantic University, 777 Glades Road, Boca Raton, FL, 33431-0991, USA.
| | - J D Song
- Post-Silicon Semiconductor Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Hwarang-ro 14 gil, Seoungbuk-ku, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.
| | - S S Kang
- Post-Silicon Semiconductor Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Hwarang-ro 14 gil, Seoungbuk-ku, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.,Department of Physics, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - J Y Lim
- Peta Lux Inc., 3F TLi Building, 12 Yanghyeon-ro, 405 beon-gil, Jungwon-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13438, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Yang
- Peta Lux Inc., 3F TLi Building, 12 Yanghyeon-ro, 405 beon-gil, Jungwon-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13438, Republic of Korea
| | - S Ko
- Peta Lux Inc., 3F TLi Building, 12 Yanghyeon-ro, 405 beon-gil, Jungwon-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13438, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Park
- Electronics Department, Catholic University of Daegu, 13 Hayang-Ro, Hayang-Eup, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongbuk, 38430, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Park
- WONIK IPS, 75 Jinwisandan-ro, Jinwi-myeon, Pyeingtaek-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17709, Republic of Korea
| | - D S Kim
- TLi Inc., 10 F TLi Building, 12 Yanghyeon-ro, 405 beon-gil, Jungwon-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13438, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Chang
- Post-Silicon Semiconductor Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Hwarang-ro 14 gil, Seoungbuk-ku, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonyeon Chang
- Post-Silicon Semiconductor Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Hwarang-ro 14 gil, Seoungbuk-ku, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea. .,Yonsei-KIST Convergence Research Institute, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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Kim DS, Anantharam P, Padhi P, Thedens DR, Li G, Gilbreath E, Rumbeiha WK. Transcriptomic profile analysis of brain inferior colliculus following acute hydrogen sulfide exposure. Toxicology 2020; 430:152345. [PMID: 31843631 PMCID: PMC8324331 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2019.152345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gaseous molecule found naturally in the environment, and as an industrial byproduct, and is known to cause acute death and induces long-term neurological disorders following acute high dose exposures. Currently, there is no drug approved for treatment of acute H2S-induced neurotoxicity and/or neurological sequelae. Lack of a deep understanding of pathogenesis of H2S-induced neurotoxicity has delayed the development of appropriate therapeutic drugs that target H2S-induced neuropathology. RNA sequencing analysis was performed to elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms of H2S-induced neurodegeneration, and to identify key molecular elements and pathways that contribute to H2S-induced neurotoxicity. C57BL/6J mice were exposed by whole body inhalation to 700 ppm of H2S for either one day, two consecutive days or 4 consecutive days. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan analyses showed H2S exposure induced lesions in the inferior colliculus (IC) and thalamus (TH). This mechanistic study focused on the IC. RNA Sequencing analysis revealed that mice exposed once, twice, or 4 times had 283, 193 and 296 differentially expressed genes (DEG), respectively (q-value < 0.05, fold-change> 1.5). Hydrogen sulfide exposure modulated multiple biological pathways including unfolded protein response, neurotransmitters, oxidative stress, hypoxia, calcium signaling, and inflammatory response in the IC. Hydrogen sulfide exposure activated PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways. Pro-inflammatory cytokines were shown to be potential initiators of the modulated signaling pathways following H2S exposure. Furthermore, microglia were shown to release IL-18 and astrocytes released both IL-1β and IL-18 in response to H2S. This transcriptomic analysis data revealed complex signaling pathways involved in H2S-induced neurotoxicity and may provide important associated mechanistic insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Suk Kim
- VDPAM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Poojya Anantharam
- VDPAM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Piyush Padhi
- VDPAM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Daniel R Thedens
- Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Ganwu Li
- VDPAM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Ebony Gilbreath
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Tuskegee University, United States
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Kudryashev VA, Kim DS. DETERMINATION OF THE TOTAL EFFECTIVE DOSE OF EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL EXPOSURE BY DIFFERENT IONIZING RADIATION SOURCES. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2019; 187:129-137. [PMID: 31506690 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncz170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the research is to develop an integrated technique for determining the effective dose (E) of external and internal exposure by different sources of ionizing radiation. The proposing technique for determining the total effective dose is based on three methods of calculation. The first one is multiplying the value of the individual dose equivalent $H_{p}(10)$ by the factor of 0.642 to account for radiation shielding by various organs and tissues and its backscattering. The second method is multiplying $H_{p}(10)$ by the conversion factor of air kerma in free air in a plate phantom, depending on the photon energy. The third method is multiplying $H_{p}(10)$ by the sum of the radiosensitivity coefficients of various organs and tissues. As a result of research, a complex method was developed for determining the total effective dose, composed of doses of cosmic radiation, external gamma-, beta- and neutron radiation, internal exposure from radionuclides, including CDP of radon and thoron, entering the body through the organs of digestion and respiration. The proposed technique for determining the total effective dose allows one to take into account the comprehensive effect of ionizing radiation sources on a person and to obtain a more accurate measure of radiation risk than the existing methods provide.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A Kudryashev
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1 Ibragimov Street, Almaty 050032, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - D S Kim
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1 Ibragimov Street, Almaty 050032, Republic of Kazakhstan
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18
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Choi CJ, Lim H, Kim DS, Jeong YS, Park SY, Kim JE. Massive Duodenal Bleeding after the Migration of Endovascular Coils into the Small Bowel. Clin Endosc 2019; 52:612-615. [PMID: 31104455 PMCID: PMC6900307 DOI: 10.5946/ce.2019.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Among gastrointestinal emergencies, acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding remains a challenging clinical problem owing to significant patient morbidity and costs involved in management. Endoscopic hemostatic therapy is the mainstay of treatment and decreases the incidence of re-bleeding, the need for surgery, morbidity, and mortality. However, in 8%–15% of patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding, endoscopic hemostatic therapy does not successfully control bleeding. Trans-arterial coil embolization is an effective alternative treatment for endoscopic hemostatic failure; however, this procedure can induce adverse outcomes, such as non-target vessel occlusion, vessel dissection and perforation, and coil migration. Coil migration is rare but causes severe complications, such as re-bleeding and bowel ischemia. However, in most cases, coil migration is local and involves spontaneous healing without serious complications. Here, we report the case of a patient who underwent trans-arterial coil embolization of the gastroduodenal artery with the purpose of controlling massive duodenal bleeding, resulting in a fatal outcome caused by coil migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Jo Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Hallym College of Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Hyun Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Hallym College of Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Dong-Suk Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Hallym College of Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Yong-Seol Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Hallym College of Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Sang-Young Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Hallym College of Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Kim
- Department of Radiology, University of Hallym College of Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
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Oh S, Jang JH, Kim HJ, Seo NS, Byun SH, Kim SW, Kim DS. Long-term Follow-up of Complicated Crown Fracture With Fragment Reattachment: Two Case Reports. Oper Dent 2019; 44:574-580. [PMID: 30702408 DOI: 10.2341/18-201-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Two cases of complicated crown fracture of the maxillary incisors were restored using the fragment reattachment technique. Root canal treatment was performed, and the fractured fragment was bonded to the tooth structure using a dentin adhesive system and a flowable composite resin, followed by the insertion of a fiber post using dual-cured resin cement. Reattached fragments have shown reliable prognosis without inflammatory signs around bonded junctions after long-term follow-up.
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Shrestha R, Atluri R, Simmons DP, Kim DS, Choi TY. A micro-pipette thermal sensing technique for measuring the thermal conductivity of non-volatile fluids. Rev Sci Instrum 2018; 89:114902. [PMID: 30501312 DOI: 10.1063/1.5044214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This research work demonstrates an innovative technique to measure the thermal conductivity of a small volume of non-volatile liquids. The method utilizes a micro-pipette thermal sensor (MPTS) (tip diameter < 2 μm) and is based on laser point heating thermometry and transient heat transfer. A laser beam is irradiated at the sensor tip immersed in a few microliters of the test fluid and the transient temperature change is recorded with the sensor. This temperature change is dependent on the surrounding fluid's thermal properties, such as thermal conductivity and diffusivity. The numerical solution for transient temperature profile for a point source is obtained using the finite element method in the COMSOL software. To determine the optimizing parameters such as thermal conductivity and power absorbed at the sensor tip, the multi-parameter fitting technique is used in MATLAB, which will fit the COMSOL simulation result with the experimental data. Three liquids with known thermal conductivity were tested to verify that the technique can be used to determine the thermal conductivity with high accuracy, and in addition, the thermal conductivity of growth media and serum used for culturing cancer cells is estimated. With the sensor size of 1-2 μm, we demonstrate the possibility of using this described method as the MPTS technique for measuring the thermal properties of microfluidic samples and biological fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Shrestha
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76207, USA
| | - R Atluri
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76207, USA
| | - D P Simmons
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76201, USA
| | - D S Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang, Gyungbuk 790-784, South Korea
| | - T Y Choi
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76207, USA
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Moon MS, Kim SJ, Kim MS, Kim DS. Most Reliable Time in Predicting Residual Kyphosis and Stability: Pediatric Spinal Tuberculosis. Asian Spine J 2018; 12:1069-1077. [PMID: 30322249 PMCID: PMC6284128 DOI: 10.31616/asj.2018.12.6.1069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Study Design A case study. Purpose To assess the chronological changes of the disease-related kyphosis after chemotherapy alone, secondly to clarify the role of growth cartilage in the healed lesion on kyphosis change, and to define the accurate prediction time in assessing residual kyphosis. Overview of Literature None of the previous papers up to now dealt with the residual kyphosis, stability and remodeling processes of the affected segments. Methods One hundred and one spinal tuberculosis children with various stages of disease processes, age 2 to 15 years, were the subject materials, between 1971 to 2010. They were treated with two different chemotherapy formula: before 1975, 18 months of triple chemotherapy (isoniazid [INH], para-aminosalicylic acid, streptomycin); and since 1976, 12 months triple chemotherapy (INH, rifampicin, ethambutol, or pyrazinamide). The first assessment at post-chemotherapy one year and at the final discharge time from the follow-up (36 months at minimum and 20 years at maximum) were analyzed by utilizing the images effect of the remaining growth plate cartilage on chronological changes of kyphosis after initiation of chemotherapy. Results Complete disc destruction at the initial examination were observed in two (5.0%) out of 40 cervical spine, eight (26.7%) out of 30 dorsal spine, and six (19.4%) out of 31 lumbosacral spine. In all those cases residual kyphosis developed inevitably. In the remainders the discs were partially preserved or remained intact. Among 101 children kyphosis was maintained without change in 20 (19.8%), while kyphosis decreased in 14 children (13.7%), and increased in 67 children (66.3%) with non-recoverably damaged growth plate, respectively. Conclusions It could tentatively be possible to predict the deformity progress or non-progress and spontaneous correction at the time of initial treatment, but it predictive accuracy was low. Therefore, assessment of the trend of kyphotic change is recommended at the end of chemotherapy. In children with progressive curve change, the deformity assessment should be continued till the maturity
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung-Sang Moon
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Cheju Halla General Hospital, Jeju, Korea
| | - Sang-Jae Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Cheju Halla General Hospital, Jeju, Korea
| | - Min-Su Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Cheju Halla General Hospital, Jeju, Korea
| | - Dong-Suk Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Cheju Halla General Hospital, Jeju, Korea
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Jang JH, Kim HY, Shin SM, Lee CO, Kim DS, Choi KK, Kim SY. Clinical Effectiveness of Different Polishing Systems and Self-Etch Adhesives in Class V Composite Resin Restorations: Two-Year Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Oper Dent 2018; 42:19-29. [PMID: 28002695 DOI: 10.2341/16-104-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this randomized controlled clinical trial was to compare the clinical effectiveness of different polishing systems and self-etch adhesives in class V composite resin restorations. A total of 164 noncarious cervical lesions (NCCLs) from 35 patients were randomly allocated to one of four experimental groups, each of which used a combination of polishing systems and adhesives. The two polishing systems used were Sof-Lex XT (Sof), a multistep abrasive disc, and Enhance/Pogo (EP), a simplified abrasive-impregnated rubber instrument. The adhesive systems were Clearfil SE bond (CS), a two-step self-etch adhesive, and Xeno V (XE), a one-step self-etch adhesive. All NCCLs were restored with light-cured microhybrid resin composites (Z250). Restorations were evaluated at baseline and at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months by two blinded independent examiners using modified FDI criteria. The Fisher exact test and generalized estimating equation analysis considering repeated measurements were performed to compare the outcomes between the polishing systems and adhesives. Three restorations were dislodged: two in CS/Sof and one in CS/EP. None of the restorations required any repair or retreatment except those showing retention loss. Sof was superior to EP with regard to surface luster, staining, and marginal adaptation (p<0.05). CS and XE did not show differences in any criteria (p>0.05). Sof is clinically superior to EP for polishing performance in class V composite resin restoration. XE demonstrates clinically equivalent bonding performance to CS.
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Moon MS, Lee H, Kim ST, Kim SJ, Kim MS, Kim DS. Spinopelvic Orientation on Radiographs in Various Body Postures: Upright Standing, Chair Sitting, Japanese Style Kneel Sitting, and Korean Style Cross-Legged Sitting. Clin Orthop Surg 2018; 10:322-327. [PMID: 30174808 PMCID: PMC6107819 DOI: 10.4055/cios.2018.10.3.322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several previous studies reported on the impact of upright standing and chair sitting on the sagittal spinopelvic alignment. However, there are no studies on the impact of the two Asian (Korean and Japanese) style floor-sitting positions on the sagittal spinopelvic alignment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of four different body postures (standing, chair sitting, kneel sitting, and cross-legged sitting) on the sagittal spinopelvic alignment. Methods Sixteen selected healthy volunteers (10 males and six females) were subjects of this pilot study. In all subjects, radiographs were taken in comfortable standing and sitting positions. All spinal curvatures including lumbar lordotic angle (LLA), sacral slope (SS), pelvic tilt (PT), and pelvic incidence (PI) were measured on the radiographs. Results In standing position, the average LLA, SS, PT, and PI were 37.1°, 35.3°, 15.7°, and 51.0°, respectively. In chair sitting, the average LLA, SS, PT, and PI were 17.9°, 20.3°, 28.2°, and 49.5°, respectively. In kneel sitting (Japanese style), the average LLA, SS, PT, and PI were 31.8°, 38.3°, 14.2°, and 52.5°, respectively. In cross-legged sitting (Korean style), the average LLA, SS, PT, and PI were 9.8°, 13.4°, 38.3°, and 51.7°, respectively. LLA in standing (37.1°) and kneel sitting (31.8°) were very similar. Remarkable reduction in LLA was observed in Korean-style cross-legged sitting (9.8°), and LLA in chair sitting (17.9°) was about half of that in standing. SS was similar in standing (35.3°) and kneel sitting (38.3°), and it was reduced remarkably in cross-legged sitting (13.4°). PT was largest in cross-legged sitting (38.3°), and it was similar between standing (15.7°) and kneel sitting (14.2°). PIs were similar in all positions. Conclusions The kneel sitting position did not show significant differences with the standing position when assessed using four parameters related to the sagittal spinopelvic alignment, whereas chair sitting and cross-legged sitting positions significantly altered the spinopelvic alignment compared to the standing position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung-Sang Moon
- Department of Orthopedic and Traumatic Surgery, Cheju Halla General Hospital, Jeju, Korea
| | - Hohyoung Lee
- Department of Orthopedic and Traumatic Surgery, Cheju Halla General Hospital, Jeju, Korea
| | - Seong-Tae Kim
- Department of Orthopedic and Traumatic Surgery, Cheju Halla General Hospital, Jeju, Korea
| | - Sang-Jae Kim
- Department of Orthopedic and Traumatic Surgery, Cheju Halla General Hospital, Jeju, Korea
| | - Min-Su Kim
- Department of Orthopedic and Traumatic Surgery, Cheju Halla General Hospital, Jeju, Korea
| | - Dong-Suk Kim
- Department of Orthopedic and Traumatic Surgery, Cheju Halla General Hospital, Jeju, Korea
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Kim DS, Anantharam P, Hoffmann A, Meade ML, Grobe N, Gearhart JM, Whitley EM, Mahama B, Rumbeiha WK. Broad spectrum proteomics analysis of the inferior colliculus following acute hydrogen sulfide exposure. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 355:28-42. [PMID: 29932956 PMCID: PMC6422160 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Acute exposure to high concentrations of H2S causes severe brain injury and long-term neurological disorders, but the mechanisms involved are not known. To better understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in acute H2S-induced neurodegeneration we used a broad-spectrum proteomic analysis approach to identify key molecules and molecular pathways involved in the pathogenesis of acute H2S-induced neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration. Mice were subjected to acute inhalation exposure of up to750 ppm of H2S. H2S induced behavioral deficits and severe lesions including hemorrhage in the inferior colliculus (IC). The IC was microdissected for proteomic analysis. Tandem mass tags (TMT) liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based quantitative proteomics was applied for protein identification and quantitation. LC-MS/MS identified 598, 562, and 546 altered proteomic changes at 2 h, and on days 2 and 4 post-H2S exposure, respectively. Of these, 77 proteomic changes were statistically significant at any of the 3 time points. Mass spectrometry data were subjected to Perseus 1.5.5.3 statistical analysis, and gene ontology heat map clustering. Expressions of several key molecules were verified to confirm H2S-dependent proteomics changes. Webgestalt pathway overrepresentation enrichment analysis with Panther engine revealed H2S exposure disrupted several biological processes including metabotropic glutamate receptor group 1 and inflammation mediated by chemokine and cytokine signaling pathways among others. Further analysis showed that energy metabolism, integrity of blood-brain barrier, hypoxic, and oxidative stress signaling pathways were also implicated. Collectively, this broad-spectrum proteomics data has provided important clues to follow up in future studies to further elucidate mechanisms of H2S-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Suk Kim
- Veterinary Diagnostic & Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Poojya Anantharam
- Veterinary Diagnostic & Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Andrea Hoffmann
- Henry M Jackson Foundation on contract 711HPW/USAFSAM/FHOF, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH, USA
| | | | - Nadja Grobe
- 711HPW/RHDJ, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Jeffery M Gearhart
- Henry M Jackson Foundation on contract 711HPW/USAFSAM/FHOF, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH, USA
| | | | - Belinda Mahama
- Veterinary Diagnostic & Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Wilson K Rumbeiha
- Veterinary Diagnostic & Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
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Ishii H, Mihai R, Watkinson JC, Kim DS. Systematic review of cure and recurrence rates following minimally invasive parathyroidectomy. BJS Open 2018; 2:364-370. [PMID: 30511037 PMCID: PMC6254009 DOI: 10.1002/bjs5.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The majority of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) have a single overactive adenoma. Advances in preoperative imaging and surgical adjuncts have given rise to minimally invasive parathyroidectomy (MIP), with lower complication rates in comparison with bilateral neck exploration. Misdiagnosis and undertreatment of multiglandular disease, leading to potentially higher recurrence rates, remains a concern. This study evaluated risks of long‐term (1 year or more) recurrence following ‘targeted’ MIP in PHPT. Methods Multiple databases were searched for studies published between January 2004 and March 2017, looking at long‐term outcomes (1 year or more) following targeted MIP for PHPT. English‐language studies, with at least 50 patients and a mean follow‐up of 1 year, were included. Results A total of 5282 patients from 14 studies were included. Overall mean recurrence and cure rates were 1·6 (range 0–3·5) and 96·9 (95·5–100) per cent respectively. Mean follow‐up was 33·5 (1–145) months. When intraoperative parathyroid hormone (PTH) measurements were not done, cure rates were higher (99·3 per cent versus 98·1 per cent with use of intraoperative PTH measurement; P < 0·001) and recurrence rates lower (0·2 versus 1·5 per cent respectively; P < 0·001). Conclusion Targeted MIP for a presumed single overactive adenoma was associated with very low recurrence rates, without the need for intraoperative PTH measurement when preoperative imaging studies were concordant. Targeted MIP should be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ishii
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat, Head and Neck Surgery St George's Hospital London UK
| | - R Mihai
- Department of Endocrine Surgery John Radcliffe Hospital Oxford UK
| | - J C Watkinson
- Department of Surgery Great Ormond Street Hospital London UK.,BUPA Cromwell Hospital London UK
| | - D S Kim
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat, Head and Neck Surgery St George's Hospital London UK
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Kim DS, Son E, Lee YS, Lee YM, Park YH, Kim DH, Lee KW. Herbal Complex DKB114 for Hyperuricemia and Gout. Am J Transl Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1644979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- DS Kim
- Korean Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Dajeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - E Son
- Korean Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Dajeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - YS Lee
- Korean Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Dajeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - YM Lee
- Korean Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Dajeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - YH Park
- Dongkook Pharmaceutical Co., LTD, Gyeonggi Bio-Center, 147, Gwanggyo-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-city, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - DH Kim
- Dongkook Pharmaceutical Co., LTD, Gyeonggi Bio-Center, 147, Gwanggyo-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-city, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - KW Lee
- Dongkook Pharmaceutical Co., LTD, Gyeonggi Bio-Center, 147, Gwanggyo-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-city, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Kim DS, Hellman O, Herriman J, Smith HL, Lin JYY, Shulumba N, Niedziela JL, Li CW, Abernathy DL, Fultz B. Nuclear quantum effect with pure anharmonicity and the anomalous thermal expansion of silicon. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:1992-1997. [PMID: 29440490 PMCID: PMC5834665 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1707745115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the widespread use of silicon in modern technology, its peculiar thermal expansion is not well understood. Adapting harmonic phonons to the specific volume at temperature, the quasiharmonic approximation, has become accepted for simulating the thermal expansion, but has given ambiguous interpretations for microscopic mechanisms. To test atomistic mechanisms, we performed inelastic neutron scattering experiments from 100 K to 1,500 K on a single crystal of silicon to measure the changes in phonon frequencies. Our state-of-the-art ab initio calculations, which fully account for phonon anharmonicity and nuclear quantum effects, reproduced the measured shifts of individual phonons with temperature, whereas quasiharmonic shifts were mostly of the wrong sign. Surprisingly, the accepted quasiharmonic model was found to predict the thermal expansion owing to a large cancellation of contributions from individual phonons.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Kim
- Department of Applied Physics and Materials Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125;
| | - O Hellman
- Department of Applied Physics and Materials Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125
| | - J Herriman
- Department of Applied Physics and Materials Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125
| | - H L Smith
- Department of Applied Physics and Materials Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125
| | - J Y Y Lin
- Neutron Data Analysis and Visualization Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831
| | - N Shulumba
- Department of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125
| | - J L Niedziela
- Instrument and Source Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831
| | - C W Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521
| | - D L Abernathy
- Quantum Condensed Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831
| | - B Fultz
- Department of Applied Physics and Materials Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125;
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Abstract
Mixed rare earth oxides have been prepared from synchysite ore from the Lugiin gol rare earth deposit (Mongolia) which contains about 6% of cerium light rare earth elements. Ore powders were leached for up to 60 min using 80-120 g/l sulfuric acids at an acid to powder ratio of 20, agitation was performed by magnetic stirring followed by precipitation and calcination at 700°C for 1h. The highest leaching of REEs equal to 85% of the total REE was observed in the acid solution of 80 g/l. Obtained mixed rare earth oxides represent a layered type structure.
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Anantharam P, Kim DS, Whitley EM, Mahama B, Imerman P, Padhi P, Rumbeiha WK. Midazolam Efficacy Against Acute Hydrogen Sulfide-Induced Mortality and Neurotoxicity. J Med Toxicol 2018; 14:79-90. [PMID: 29318511 PMCID: PMC6013736 DOI: 10.1007/s13181-017-0650-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a colorless, highly neurotoxic gas. It is not only an occupational and environmental hazard but also of concern to the Department of Homeland Security for potential nefarious use. Acute high-dose H2S exposure causes death, while survivors may develop neurological sequelae. Currently, there is no suitable antidote for treatment of acute H2S-induced neurotoxicity. Midazolam (MDZ), an anti-convulsant drug recommended for treatment of nerve agent intoxications, could also be of value in treating acute H2S intoxication. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that MDZ is effective in preventing/treating acute H2S-induced neurotoxicity. This proof-of-concept study had two objectives: to determine whether MDZ prevents/reduces H2S-induced mortality and to test whether MDZ prevents H2S-induced neurological sequelae. MDZ (4 mg/kg) was administered IM in mice, 5 min pre-exposure to a high concentration of H2S at 1000 ppm or 12 min post-exposure to 1000 ppm H2S followed by 30 min of continuous exposure. A separate experiment tested whether MDZ pre-treatment prevented neurological sequelae. Endpoints monitored included assessment of clinical signs, mortality, behavioral changes, and brain histopathological changes. MDZ significantly reduced H2S-induced lethality, seizures, knockdown, and behavioral deficits (p < 0.01). MDZ also significantly prevented H2S-induced neurological sequelae, including weight loss, behavior deficits, neuroinflammation, and histopathologic lesions (p < 0.01). Overall, our findings show that MDZ is a promising drug for reducing H2S-induced acute mortality, neurotoxicity, and neurological sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poojya Anantharam
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Animal Production Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Dong-Suk Kim
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Animal Production Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | | | - Belinda Mahama
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Animal Production Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Paula Imerman
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Animal Production Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Piyush Padhi
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Animal Production Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Wilson K Rumbeiha
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Animal Production Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
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Anantharam P, Whitley EM, Mahama B, Kim DS, Sarkar S, Santana C, Chan A, Kanthasamy AG, Kanthasamy A, Boss GR, Rumbeiha WK. Cobinamide is effective for treatment of hydrogen sulfide-induced neurological sequelae in a mouse model. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2017; 1408:61-78. [PMID: 29239480 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) is a highly neurotoxic gas. Acute exposure can lead to neurological sequelae among survivors. A drug for treating neurological sequelae in survivors of acute H2 S intoxication is needed. Using a novel mouse model we evaluated the efficacy of cobinamide (Cob) for increasing survival of, and reducing neurological sequalae in, mice exposed to sublethal doses of H2 S. There were two objectives: (1) to determine the dose-response efficacy of Cob and (2) to determine the effective therapeutic time window of Cob. To explore objective 1, mice were injected intramuscularly with Cob at 0, 50, or 100 mg/kg at 2 min after H2 S exposure. For objective 2, mice were injected intramuscularly with 100 mg/kg Cob at 2, 15, and 30 min after H2 S exposure. For both objectives, mice were exposed to 765 ppm of H2 S gas. Cob significantly reduced H2 S-induced lethality in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Cob-treated mice exhibited significantly fewer seizures and knockdowns compared with the H2 S-exposed group. Cob also reversed H2 S-induced weight loss, behavioral deficits, neurochemical changes, cytochrome c oxidase enzyme inhibition, and neurodegeneration in a dose- and time-dependent manner (P < 0.01). Overall, these findings show that Cob increases survival and is neuroprotective in a mouse model of H2 S-induced neurological sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poojya Anantharam
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | | | - Belinda Mahama
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Dong-Suk Kim
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Souvarish Sarkar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Cristina Santana
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Adriano Chan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | | | - Arthi Kanthasamy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Gerry R Boss
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Wilson K Rumbeiha
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
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Anantharam P, Whitley EM, Mahama B, Kim DS, Imerman PM, Shao D, Langley MR, Kanthasamy A, Rumbeiha WK. Characterizing a mouse model for evaluation of countermeasures against hydrogen sulfide-induced neurotoxicity and neurological sequelae. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2017; 1400:46-64. [PMID: 28719733 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) is a highly neurotoxic gas. It is the second most common cause of gas-induced deaths. Beyond mortality, surviving victims of acute exposure may suffer long-term neurological sequelae. There is a need to develop countermeasures against H2 S poisoning. However, no translational animal model of H2 S-induced neurological sequelae exists. Here, we describe a novel mouse model of H2 S-induced neurotoxicity for translational research. In paradigm I, C57/BL6 mice were exposed to 765 ppm H2 S for 40 min on day 1, followed by 15-min daily exposures for periods ranging from 1 to 6 days. In paradigm II, mice were exposed once to 1000 ppm H2 S for 60 minutes. Mice were assessed for behavioral, neurochemical, biochemical, and histopathological changes. H2 S intoxication caused seizures, dyspnea, respiratory depression, knockdowns, and death. H2 S-exposed mice showed significant impairment in locomotor and coordinated motor movement activity compared with controls. Histopathology revealed neurodegenerative lesions in the collicular, thalamic, and cortical brain regions. H2 S significantly increased dopamine and serotonin concentration in several brain regions and caused time-dependent decreases in GABA and glutamate concentrations. Furthermore, H2 S significantly suppressed cytochrome c oxidase activity and caused significant loss in body weight. Overall, male mice were more sensitive than females. This novel translational mouse model of H2 S-induced neurotoxicity is reliable, reproducible, and recapitulates acute H2 S poisoning in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poojya Anantharam
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Animal Production Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | | | - Belinda Mahama
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Animal Production Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Dong-Suk Kim
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Animal Production Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Paula M Imerman
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Animal Production Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Dahai Shao
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Animal Production Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Monica R Langley
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Arthi Kanthasamy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Wilson K Rumbeiha
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Animal Production Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
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Kim JH, Kim DS, Yoon YK, Sohn JW, Kim MJ. Donor-Derived Strongyloidiasis Infection in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: A Review and Pooled Analysis. Transplant Proc 2017; 48:2442-2449. [PMID: 27742318 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2015.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Donor-derived Strongyloides stercoralis infection in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients is uncommon. Immunosuppressed SOT recipients are at risk of developing severe forms of strongyloidiasis infection through transmission from an infected donor allograft. METHODS PubMed was searched for English-written articles published up to April 2015. Articles that reported cases of donor-derived strongyloidiasis infection in SOT recipients were reviewed for a pooled analysis. RESULTS A total of 27 cases were identified from various SOT recipients. Donors were mostly from Strongyloides endemic regions (23 cases). No transplant recipients received prophylaxis against strongyloidiasis infection. Median age was 53 years. Median time of presenting symptoms after the solid organ transplantation was 72 days. The most common presenting symptoms were gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms (19 cases; 70.4%). Diagnosis of strongyloidiasis infection was mainly made by the confirmation of Strongyloides larvae or worm in GI samples (19 cases) and respiratory samples (14 cases). Donor-derived strongyloidiasis infection was evidenced by serology test results in 17 cases and epidemiological risk assessment analysis in 10 cases. Ivermectin was the most commonly used medication with use of a combination of iverrmectin and albendazole or thiabendazole in 15 cases. Death was noted in 9 cases (34.6%) of 26 cases with known outcomes. Presence of sepsis or bacteremia was a predictor of mortality because it was seen in 9 patients who died (100.0%) and in 4 patients who survived (23.5%; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Donor-derived strongyloidiasis infection in SOT recipients has high mortality. Effective donor screening and prophylaxis in high-risk SOT recipients may help to decrease morbidity and mortality associated with donor-derived strongyloidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - D S Kim
- Division of HBP Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Y K Yoon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J W Sohn
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M J Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Hwang JE, Kim SH, Jung IJ, Han SM, Ahn JW, Kwon SJ, Kim SH, Kang SY, Kim DS, Kim JB. Comparative genomic hybridization analysis of rice dwarf mutants induced by gamma irradiation. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr-15-04-gmr.15049092. [PMID: 28081277 DOI: 10.4238/gmr15049092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) is a powerful tool used to analyze changes in copy number, polymorphisms, and structural variations in the genome. Gene copy number variation (CNV) is a common form of natural diversity in the genome, which can create new genes and alter gene structure. Thus, CNVs may influence phenotypic variation and gene expression. In this study, to detect CNVs, we irradiated rice seeds with gamma rays (300 Gy) and selected two dwarf mutagenized plants, GA-III-189 and -1052, in the M3 generation. These plants were subjected to CGH analysis using Agilent's RICE CGH array. Most of the CNVs identified were less than 10 kb in length. We detected 90 amplified and 18 deleted regions in GA-III-189, and 99 amplified and 11 deleted regions in GA-III-1052. Of note, CNVs were located on chromosome 12 in both GA-III-189 and -1052, which contained 39 commonly amplified regions in 29 genes. The commonly amplified genes included six genes encoding F-box domain-containing proteins. Alterations in these F-box domain-containing genes were confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR. Integration of CGH and gene expression data identified copy number aberrations and novel genes potentially involved in the dwarf phenotype. These CGH and gene expression data may be useful for uncovering the mechanisms underlying the dwarf phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Hwang
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea.,Division of Ecological Conservation, Bureau of Ecological Research, National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon, Republic of Korea
| | - S-H Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - I J Jung
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - S M Han
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - J-W Ahn
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - S-J Kwon
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - S-Y Kang
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - D S Kim
- NJ Biopia Co. Ltd., Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - J-B Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
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Rumbeiha W, Whitley E, Anantharam P, Kim DS, Kanthasamy A. Acute hydrogen sulfide-induced neuropathology and neurological sequelae: challenges for translational neuroprotective research. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2016; 1378:5-16. [PMID: 27442775 PMCID: PMC5063677 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), the gas with the odor of rotten eggs, was formally discovered in 1777, over 239 years ago. For many years, it was considered an environmental pollutant and a health concern only in occupational settings. Recently, however, it was discovered that H2S is produced endogenously and plays critical physiological roles as a gasotransmitter. Although at low physiological concentrations it is physiologically beneficial, exposure to high concentrations of H2S is known to cause brain damage, leading to neurodegeneration and long‐term neurological sequelae or death. Neurological sequelae include motor, behavioral, and cognitive deficits, which are incapacitating. Currently, there are concerns about accidental or malicious acute mass civilian exposure to H2S. There is a major unmet need for an ideal neuroprotective treatment, for use in the field, in the event of mass civilian exposure to high H2S concentrations. This review focuses on the neuropathology of high acute H2S exposure, knowledge gaps, and the challenges associated with development of effective neuroprotective therapy to counteract H2S‐induced neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson Rumbeiha
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa.
| | | | - Poojya Anantharam
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Dong-Suk Kim
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Arthi Kanthasamy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
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Kwak JY, Seok JK, Suh HJ, Choi YH, Hong SS, Kim DS, Boo YC. Antimelanogenic effects of luteolin 7-sulfate isolated from Phyllospadix iwatensis Makino. Br J Dermatol 2016; 175:501-11. [PMID: 26914711 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal deposition of melanin may cause an aesthetic skin problem; therefore, the control of unwanted excessive melanin synthesis is the major goal of cosmetic research. OBJECTIVES To identify novel tyrosinase (TYR) inhibitors from marine plants and examine their cellular antimelanogenic effects. METHODS The extracts of 50 marine plants endemic to Korea were screened against human TYR. Active constituents were then isolated from the selected plant extracts that showed potential and their chemical structures elucidated. Furthermore, their antimelanogenic effects were examined using murine melanoma B16/F10 cells and human epidermal melanocytes (HEM). RESULTS Among the tested extracts, that of Phyllospadix iwatensis Makino exhibited the strongest human TYR inhibitory activity. The active constituents were purified from the butanol fraction of the P. iwatensis extract and identified as hispidulin 7-sulfate and luteolin 7-sulfate. Luteolin 7-sulfate inhibited human TYR more strongly than hispidulin 7-sulfate, luteolin, hispidulin and arbutin. Furthermore, luteolin 7-sulfate showed lower cytotoxicity than luteolin in both B16/F10 cells and HEM. Luteolin 7-sulfate attenuated cellular melanin synthesis more effectively in B16/F10 cells and HEM stimulated by α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and l-tyrosine than arbutin. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that luteolin 7-sulfate isolated from P. iwatensis is a human TYR inhibitor with advantageous antimelanogenic properties, and would be useful for development as a therapeutic agent for the control of unwanted skin pigmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Kwak
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680, Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944, Korea
| | - J K Seok
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680, Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944, Korea
| | - H-J Suh
- Gyeongbuk Natural Color Industry Institute, 181, Cheonmun-ro, Yeongcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 38896, Korea
| | - Y-H Choi
- Bio-Center, Gyeonggi Institute of Science and Technology Promotion, 147, Gwanggyo-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16229, Korea
| | - S S Hong
- Bio-Center, Gyeonggi Institute of Science and Technology Promotion, 147, Gwanggyo-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16229, Korea
| | - D S Kim
- Korea Marine Ecology Institute, 60, Centum jungang-ro, Haeundae-gu, Busan, 48059, Korea
| | - Y C Boo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680, Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944, Korea. .,Ruby Crown Co., Ltd, Kyungpook National University Business Incubation Center, 80, Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, Korea.
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Kim DS, Jin H, Anantharam V, Gordon R, Kanthasamy A, Kanthasamy AG. p73 gene in dopaminergic neurons is highly susceptible to manganese neurotoxicity. Neurotoxicology 2016; 59:231-239. [PMID: 27107493 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2016.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to elevated levels of manganese (Mn) has been linked to a Parkinsonian-like movement disorder, resulting from dysfunction of the extrapyramidal motor system within the basal ganglia. However, the exact cellular and molecular mechanisms of Mn-induced neurotoxicity remain elusive. In this study, we treated C57BL/6J mice with 30mg/kg Mn via oral gavage for 30 days. Interestingly, in nigral tissues of Mn-exposed mice, we found a significant downregulation of the truncated isoform of p73 protein at the N-terminus (ΔNp73). To further determine the functional role of Mn-induced p73 downregulation in Mn neurotoxicity, we examined the interrelationship between the effect of Mn on p73 gene expression and apoptotic cell death in an N27 dopaminergic neuronal model. Consistent with our animal study, 300μM Mn treatment significantly suppressed p73 mRNA expression in N27 dopaminergic cells. We further determined that protein levels of the ΔNp73 isoform was also reduced in Mn-treated N27 cells and primary striatal cultures. Furthermore, overexpression of ΔNp73 conferred modest cellular protection against Mn-induced neurotoxicity. Taken together, our results demonstrate that Mn exposure downregulates p73 gene expression resulting in enhanced susceptibility to apoptotic cell death. Thus, further characterization of the cellular mechanism underlying p73 gene downregulation will improve our understanding of the molecular underpinnings of Mn neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Suk Kim
- Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Huajun Jin
- Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Vellareddy Anantharam
- Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Richard Gordon
- Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Arthi Kanthasamy
- Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Anumantha G Kanthasamy
- Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States.
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Abstract
Microswimmers, such as bacteria, are known to show different behaviours depending on their local environment. They identify spatial chemical gradients to find nutrient rich areas (chemotaxis) and interact with shear flows to accumulate in high shear regions. Recently, artificial microswimmers have been developed which mimic their natural counterparts in many ways. One of the exciting topics in this field is to study these artificial motors in several natural settings like the ones bacteria interact with. In this Focus article, we summarize recent observations of artificial swimmers in chemical gradients, shear flows and other interesting natural environments simulated in the lab using microfluidics and nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Katuri
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstrasse 3, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany. and Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Baldiri I Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - K D Seo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, POSTECH (Pohang University of Science and Technology), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 790-784 Korea
| | - D S Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, POSTECH (Pohang University of Science and Technology), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 790-784 Korea
| | - S Sánchez
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstrasse 3, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany. and Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Baldiri I Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain. and Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Psg. Lluís Companys, 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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Yang SM, Kim SRN, Youn WK, Kim CS, Kim DS, Yi KW, Hwang NM. Generation of Charged Nanoparticles During Thermal Evaporation of Silver at Atmospheric Pressure. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2015; 15:8418-8423. [PMID: 26726527 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2015.11458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The generation of charged silver nanoparticles in the gas phase during thermal evaporation of silver at atmospheric pressure was confirmed by the nano-differential mobility analyzer (DMA). Effects of the evaporation temperature, the nitrogen gas flow rate and the amount of silver to be evaporated on the size distribution of charged nanoparticles (CNPs) were examined. Both positively and negatively-charged nanoparticles were generated under all processing conditions adopted in this study. The deposition behavior of CNPs was affected by the gas flow, which is affected by the temperature gradient in the reactor and by the applied electric bias. The electric bias, which not only enhanced the film growth rate but also produced a much denser film surface, turned out to be an important process parameter under the condition where an appreciable amount of CNPs is generated.
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Shin S, Lee JW, Lee Y, Kim DS. Spontaneous partial regression of naevus of Ota with the development of vitiligo. Br J Dermatol 2015; 174:694-5. [PMID: 26474418 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Shin
- Department of Dermatology, Severance Hospital & Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Korea
| | - J W Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Severance Hospital & Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Korea
| | - Y Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Severance Hospital & Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Korea
| | - D S Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Severance Hospital & Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Korea
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Kim DS, Kang C, Kim DH, Kim SC, Lee SH, Jeong JH, Kang TS, Jung SM, Lee SB, Lee KW, Kim RB. External validation of the prognostic index in acute paraquat poisoning. Hum Exp Toxicol 2015; 35:366-70. [PMID: 25977258 DOI: 10.1177/0960327115586821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Some studies have evaluated the prognostic indicators associated with acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning. In this study, we externally validated the Yamaguchi index, which showed a good prognostic relevance in predicting the outcome of PQ poisoning. METHODS A retrospective analysis of 297 patients was performed. The Yamaguchi index was calculated using the following equation: Eq1 = (K(+) × HCO3(-))/(Creatinine × 0.088)(mEq/L) against time from PQ ingestion (T). The patients were divided into three groups: group A: Eq1 > 1500 - 399 × log T, group B: 930 - 399 × log T < Eq1 ≤ 1500 - 399 × log T, and group C: Eq1 ≤ 930 - 399 × log T). RESULTS The overall mortality rate was 65.3% (194 of 297). The mortality rates of the three groups stratified by the Yamaguchi index were 7.1% (2 of 28), 22.4% (15 of 67), and 87.6% (177 of 202). The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve for predicting mortality from the external validation of the Yamaguchi index was 0.842 (95% confidence interval: 0.795-0.882). CONCLUSION The Yamaguchi index is a reliable prognostic factor and could be helpful in predicting mortality due to PQ poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - C Kang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Republic of Korea Gyeongsang Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - D H Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - S C Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Republic of Korea Gyeongsang Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Republic of Korea Gyeongsang Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Jeong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - T S Kang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - S M Jung
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - S B Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - K W Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - R B Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Chung JS, Ahn IS, Yu OH, Kim DS. Crustacean hyperglycemic hormones of two cold water crab species, Chionoecetes opilio and C. japonicus: isolation of cDNA sequences and localization of CHH neuropeptide in eyestalk ganglia. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2015; 214:177-85. [PMID: 25224573 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2014] [Revised: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH) is primarily known for its prototypical function in hyperglycemia which is induced by the release of CHH. The CHH release takes place as an adaptive response to the energy demands of the animals experiencing stressful environmental, physiological or behavioral conditions. Although >63 decapod CHH nucleotide sequences are known (GenBank), the majority of them is garnered from the species inhabiting shallow and warm water. In order to understand the adaptive role of CHH in Chionoecetes opilio and Chionoecetes japonicus inhabiting deep water environments, we first aimed for the isolation of the full-length cDNA sequence of CHH from the eyestalk ganglia of C. opilio (ChoCHH) and C. japonicus (ChjCHH) using degenerate PCR and 5' and 3' RACE. Cho- and ChjCHH cDNA sequences are identical in 5' UTR and ORF with 100% sequence identity of the putative 138aa of preproCHHs. The length of 3' UTR ChjCHH cDNA sequence is 39 nucleotides shorter than that of ChoCHH. This is the first report in decapod crustaceans that two different species have the identical sequence of CHH. ChoCHH expression increases during embryogenesis of C. opilio and is significantly higher in adult males and females. C. japonicus males have slightly higher ChjCHH expression than C. opilio males, but no statistical difference. In both species, the immunostaining intensity of CHH is stronger in the sinus gland than that of X-organ cells. Future studies will enable us to gain better understanding of the comparative metabolic physiology and endocrinology of cold, deep water species of Chionoecetes spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sook Chung
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Columbus Center, 701 E. Pratt Street, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA.
| | - I S Ahn
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Columbus Center, 701 E. Pratt Street, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
| | - O H Yu
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, 787 Haean-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 426-744, South Korea
| | - D S Kim
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, 787 Haean-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 426-744, South Korea
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Jang IK, Yoon HH, Yang MS, Lee JE, Lee DH, Lee MW, Kim DS, Park JE. B7-H1 inhibits T cell proliferation through MHC class II in human mesenchymal stem cells. Transplant Proc 2015; 46:1638-41. [PMID: 24935340 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2013.12.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
B7-H1 on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is known to modulate immune response. However, its expression pattern and exact immunomodulatory mechanism are unclear. In this study, we examined the immunomodulatory mechanism through the expression pattern of B7-H1 and major histocompatibility complex class II in various MSCs. Human bone marrow, adipose tissue, and cord blood MSCs were isolated and cultured. B7-H1, HLA-ABC, and HLA-DR expression on MSCs by interferon-γ (IFN-γ) was detected time-dependently by flow cytometry. The inhibitory effect of MSCs on T lymphocytes was observed in phytohemagglutinin antigen-induced T cell proliferation assay. The expression of B7-H1 was rapidly induced, but the expression of HLA-DR was induced at 48 hours after IFN-γ treatment. The inhibitory effect of MSCs on T cell proliferation could be restored when the anti-B7-H1 monoclonal antibody was used to block the B7-H1, or when the HLA-DRα small interfering RNA was used to interfere with its expression. These results show that MSCs could inhibit the T cell proliferation and activation by B7-H1 depending on the presence of HLA-DR. Therefore, MSCs would have a strong effect on immune diseases such as graft-versus-host disease and autoimmune diseases when MSCs are primed with IFN-γ 48 hours before transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- I K Jang
- Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Research Institute, Lifeliver Co Ltd, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - H H Yoon
- Dongguk University Research Institute of Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M S Yang
- Biomedical Research Institute, Lifeliver Co Ltd, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - J E Lee
- Biomedical Research Institute, Lifeliver Co Ltd, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - D-H Lee
- Biomedical Research Institute, Lifeliver Co Ltd, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - M W Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - D S Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J E Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
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Costabel U, Richeldi L, du Bois RM, Raghu G, Azuma A, Brown KK, Cottin V, Flaherty KR, Inoue Y, Kim DS, Kolb M, Noble PW, Selman M, Taniguchi H, Brun M, Girard M, Schlenker-Herceg R, Disse B, Collard HR. Efficacy and safety of nintedanib in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: Results of two 52-week, Phase III, randomized, placebo-controlled trials (INPULSIS™). Pneumologie 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1544829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Abstract
Complex-shaped microparticles (MPs) have attracted extensive interest in a myriad of scientific and engineering fields in recent years for their distinct morphology and capability in combining different functions within a single particle. Microfluidic techniques offer an intriguing method for fabricating MPs with excellent monodispersity and complex morphology in parallel while controlling their number and size precisely and independently. To date, there are two notable microfluidics approaches for the synthesis of complex-shaped MPs, namely droplet based, and flow-lithography based microfluidics approaches. It is undoubted that the application of complex-shaped MPs via microfluidic fabrication will hold great promise in a variety of fields including microfabrication, analytical chemistry and biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- K D Seo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, POSTECH (Pohang University of Science and Technology), 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Korea.
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Jung YJ, Lee JY, Jo KW, Yoo B, Lee CK, Kim YG, Yang SK, Byeon JS, Kim KJ, Ye BD, Lee KH, Lee SD, Kim WS, Kim DS, Shim TS. The 'either test positive' strategy for latent tuberculous infection before anti-tumour necrosis factor treatment. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2014; 18:428-34. [PMID: 24670697 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.13.0644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING A ttertiary referral centre in South Korea. OBJECTIVES The 'either test positive' strategy, incorporating both the tuberculin skin test (TST) and the T-SPOT(®).TB(T-SPOT) assay, was evaluated as a novel method for diagnosing latent tuberculous infection (LTBI) before treatment with anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. DESIGN From June 2008 to April 2012, 430 patients received anti-TNF treatment at our institution. TST and T-SPOT were performed simultaneously at baseline. LTBI was defined as a positive TST or a positive T-SPOT result. RESULTS The positivity rates for the TST and T-SPOT assays were respectively 19.1% (82/430) and 44.2% (190/430), yielding an LTBI-positive rate of 48.6% (209/430). LTBI treatment was initiated in 46.0% (198/430) of patients and was completed by 89.4% (177/198). During follow-up (median 884 days), 0.9% (4/430) of the patients developed active tuberculosis (TB). All four TB patients were TST-negative at baseline, although two received LTBI treatment based on the baseline positive T-SPOT assay results. CONCLUSIONS The either test positive strategy is a valid method for diagnosing LTBI before anti-TNF treatment, although it is not clear whether it is superior to other strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Jung
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J Y Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungju Hospital, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - K-W Jo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - B Yoo
- Department of Rheumatology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - C-K Lee
- Department of Rheumatology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y-G Kim
- Department of Rheumatology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S-K Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J-S Byeon
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - K-J Kim
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - B D Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - K-H Lee
- Okjeong Middle School, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S-D Lee
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - W S Kim
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - D S Kim
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - T S Shim
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
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Crosslin DR, Carrell DS, Burt A, Kim DS, Underwood JG, Hanna DS, Comstock BA, Baldwin E, de Andrade M, Kullo IJ, Tromp G, Kuivaniemi H, Borthwick KM, McCarty CA, Peissig PL, Doheny KF, Pugh E, Kho A, Pacheco J, Hayes MG, Ritchie MD, Verma SS, Armstrong G, Stallings S, Denny JC, Carroll RJ, Crawford DC, Crane PK, Mukherjee S, Bottinger E, Li R, Keating B, Mirel DB, Carlson CS, Harley JB, Larson EB, Jarvik GP. Genetic variation in the HLA region is associated with susceptibility to herpes zoster. Genes Immun 2014; 16:1-7. [PMID: 25297839 PMCID: PMC4308645 DOI: 10.1038/gene.2014.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Herpes zoster, commonly referred to as shingles, is caused by the varicella zoster virus (VZV). VZV initially manifests as chicken pox, most commonly in childhood, can remain asymptomatically latent in nerve tissues for many years and often re-emerges as shingles. Although reactivation may be related to immune suppression, aging and female sex, most inter-individual variability in re-emergence risk has not been explained to date. We performed a genome-wide association analyses in 22 981 participants (2280 shingles cases) from the electronic Medical Records and Genomics Network. Using Cox survival and logistic regression, we identified a genomic region in the combined and European ancestry groups that has an age of onset effect reaching genome-wide significance (P>1.0 × 10−8). This region tags the non-coding gene HCP5 (HLA Complex P5) in the major histocompatibility complex. This gene is an endogenous retrovirus and likely influences viral activity through regulatory functions. Variants in this genetic region are known to be associated with delay in development of AIDS in people infected by HIV. Our study provides further suggestion that this region may have a critical role in viral suppression and could potentially harbor a clinically actionable variant for the shingles vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Crosslin
- 1] Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA [2] Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - D S Carrell
- Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - A Burt
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - D S Kim
- 1] Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA [2] Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - J G Underwood
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - D S Hanna
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - B A Comstock
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - E Baldwin
- Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - M de Andrade
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - I J Kullo
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - G Tromp
- The Sigfried and Janet Weis Center for Research, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA, USA
| | - H Kuivaniemi
- The Sigfried and Janet Weis Center for Research, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA, USA
| | - K M Borthwick
- The Sigfried and Janet Weis Center for Research, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA, USA
| | - C A McCarty
- 1] Essentia Institute of Rural Health, Duluth, MN, USA [2] Center for Human Genetics, Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation, Marshfield, WI, USA
| | - P L Peissig
- Center for Human Genetics, Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation, Marshfield, WI, USA
| | - K F Doheny
- Center for Inherited Disease Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - E Pugh
- Center for Inherited Disease Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - A Kho
- Divisions of General Internal Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - J Pacheco
- Divisions of General Internal Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - M G Hayes
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - M D Ritchie
- Center for Systems Genomics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - S S Verma
- Center for Systems Genomics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - G Armstrong
- Center for Systems Genomics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - S Stallings
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - J C Denny
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - R J Carroll
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - D C Crawford
- 1] Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA [2] Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - P K Crane
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - S Mukherjee
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - E Bottinger
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - R Li
- Division of Genomic Medicine, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - B Keating
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - D B Mirel
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - C S Carlson
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Public Health Sciences Division, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - J B Harley
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center/Boston's Children's Hospital (CCHMC/BCH), Boston, MA, USA
| | - E B Larson
- Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - G P Jarvik
- 1] Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA [2] Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Kim SG, Kim DS, Choe MS, Lee W, So J, Choi EM. Cold testing of quasi-optical mode converters using a generator for non-rotating high-order gyrotron modes. Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:104709. [PMID: 25362436 DOI: 10.1063/1.4898180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we test the performance of a quasi-optical, internal-gyrotron mode converter. When cold testing mode converters, a rotating higher-order mode is commonly used. However, this requires a nontrivial design and precise alignment. We thus propose a new technique for testing gyrotron mode converters by using a simple, non-rotating, higher-order mode generator. We demonstrate the feasibility of this technique for a W-band gyrotron quasi-optical mode converter by examining the excitation of a TE6,2 mode from a non-rotating mode generator. Our results demonstrate that this new cold-test scheme is an easy and efficient method for verifying the performance of quasi-optical mode converters.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Kim
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 689-798, South Korea
| | - D S Kim
- Physics Department, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 689-798, South Korea
| | - M S Choe
- Physics Department, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 689-798, South Korea
| | - W Lee
- Agency for Defense Development (ADD), Daejeon 305-152, South Korea
| | - J So
- Agency for Defense Development (ADD), Daejeon 305-152, South Korea
| | - E M Choi
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 689-798, South Korea
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Jo KW, Lee SD, Kim WS, Kim DS, Shim TS. Treatment outcomes and moxifloxacin susceptibility in ofloxacin-resistant multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2014; 18:39-43. [PMID: 24365550 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.13.0307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING A tertiary referral centre in Seoul, South Korea. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of moxifloxacin (MFX) susceptibility and later-generation fluoroquinolone (FQ) use on the treatment outcomes of ofloxacin (OFX) resistant multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). DESIGN Of 223 patients diagnosed with MDR-TB between January 2006 and December 2012, 70 (31.4%) patients with OFX-resistant MDR-TB were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study. Their treatment outcomes were analysed. RESULTS The mean age (standard deviation) of the 70 patients was 40.6 (12.9) years; 43 (61.4%) were male and 26 (37.1%) had extensively drug-resistant TB. Of the 70 patients, 22 (31.4%) had MFX-susceptible TB, while the remaining 48 (68.6%) were MFX-resistant. The MFX-susceptible and -resistant groups were comparable in terms of baseline characteristics (including age, sex and radiological severity), and respectively 90.9% (20/22) and 70.8% (34/48) were treated with later-generation FQ-containing regimens (P = 0.074; mainly MFX [40/54, 74.1%]). Treatment success was achieved in 72.7% (16/22) of the MFX-susceptible patients and in 41.7% (20/48) of the MFX-resistant patients (P = 0.021). Treatment failure was significantly higher in the MFX-resistant group (41.7% [20/48] vs. 9.1% [2/22]; P = 0.006). CONCLUSION Patients with OFX-resistant MDR-TB had significantly better treatment outcomes when susceptible to MFX. This probably reflects the effect of later-generation FQ treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- K-W Jo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S-D Lee
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - W S Kim
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - D S Kim
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - T S Shim
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- H Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Severance Hospital, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - D S Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Severance Hospital, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - K Y Chung
- Department of Dermatology, Severance Hospital, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Cho SH, Jeon GH, Kim HS, Kim DS, Kim C. Effects of Dietary Scutellaria baicalensis Extract on Growth, Feed Utilization and Challenge Test of Olive Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2014; 26:90-6. [PMID: 25049710 PMCID: PMC4093052 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2012.12147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2012] [Revised: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Effects of dietary Scutellaria baicalensis extract (SBE) on growth, feed utilization and challenge test of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) were determined. Six hundred thirty fish averaging 5.0 g were distributed into 18, 180-L tanks. Six experimental diets were prepared in triplicate: SBE-0, SBE-0.5, SBE-1, SBE-2, SBE-3 and SBE-5 diets containing SBE at the concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 5%, respectively. Fish were hand-fed to apparent satiation twice a day for 8 wks. At the end of 8-wk feeding trial, ten fish from each tank were infected by Edwardsiella tarda for challenge test. Survival and weight gain of fish were not affected by dietary concentrations of SBE. However, specific growth rate of fish fed the SBE-2 diet was higher than that of fish fed the SBE-0, SBE-1, SBE-3 and SBE-5 diets. Neither feed efficiency nor serum chemical composition of fish was affected by dietary concentrations of SBE. The cumulative mortality of fish fed the SBE-0 diet was 100% at 96 h after E. tarda infection, but 77 to 87% for fish fed the other diets. Dietary inclusion of 2% SBE appears to be recommendable to improve specific growth rate of fish and SBE had the potential to mitigate mortality of fish at E. tarda infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Cho
- Division of Marine Environment and BioScience, College of Ocean Science and Technology, Korea Maritime University, Busan 606-791, Korea
| | - G H Jeon
- Division of Marine Environment and BioScience, College of Ocean Science and Technology, Korea Maritime University, Busan 606-791, Korea
| | - H S Kim
- Division of Marine Environment and BioScience, College of Ocean Science and Technology, Korea Maritime University, Busan 606-791, Korea
| | - D S Kim
- Division of Marine Environment and BioScience, College of Ocean Science and Technology, Korea Maritime University, Busan 606-791, Korea
| | - C Kim
- Division of Marine Environment and BioScience, College of Ocean Science and Technology, Korea Maritime University, Busan 606-791, Korea
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