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Babaliari E, Ranella A, Stratakis E. Microfluidic Systems for Neural Cell Studies. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:902. [PMID: 37627787 PMCID: PMC10451731 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10080902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Whereas the axons of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) spontaneously regenerate after an injury, the occurring regeneration is rarely successful because axons are usually directed by inappropriate cues. Therefore, finding successful ways to guide neurite outgrowth, in vitro, is essential for neurogenesis. Microfluidic systems reflect more appropriately the in vivo environment of cells in tissues such as the normal fluid flow within the body, consistent nutrient delivery, effective waste removal, and mechanical stimulation due to fluid shear forces. At the same time, it has been well reported that topography affects neuronal outgrowth, orientation, and differentiation. In this review, we demonstrate how topography and microfluidic flow affect neuronal behavior, either separately or in synergy, and highlight the efficacy of microfluidic systems in promoting neuronal outgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleftheria Babaliari
- Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (F.O.R.T.H.), Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (I.E.S.L.), Vasilika Vouton, 70013 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Anthi Ranella
- Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (F.O.R.T.H.), Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (I.E.S.L.), Vasilika Vouton, 70013 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Emmanuel Stratakis
- Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (F.O.R.T.H.), Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (I.E.S.L.), Vasilika Vouton, 70013 Heraklion, Greece;
- Department of Physics, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
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2
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Cong L, Tian Y, Huo Z, Xu W, Hou C, Shi W, Wang W, Liang C, Xu S. Single-Cell VEGF Analysis by Fluorescence Imaging-Microfluidic Droplet Platform: An Immunosandwich Strategy on the Cell Surface. Anal Chem 2022; 94:6591-6598. [PMID: 35446550 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c00695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Despite recent advances in single-cell analysis techniques, the ability of single-cell analysis platforms to track specific cells that secreted cytokines remains limited. Here, we report a microfluidic droplet-based fluorescence imaging platform that can analyze single cell-secreted vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), an important regulator of physiological and pathological angiogenesis, to explore cellular physiological clues at the single-cell level. Two kinds of silica nanoparticle (NP)-based immunoprobes were developed, and they were bioconjugated to the membrane proteins of the probed cell surface via the bridging of secreted VEGF. Thus, an immunosandwich assay was built above the probed cell via fluorescence imaging analysis of each cell in isolated droplets. This analytical platform was used to compare the single-cell VEGF secretion ability of three cell lines (MCF-7, HeLa, and H8), which experimentally demonstrates the cellular heterogeneity of cells in secreting cytokines. The uniqueness of this method is that the single-cell assay is carried out above the cell of interest, and no additional carriers (beads or reporter cells) for capturing analytes are needed, which dramatically improves the availability of microdroplets. This single-cell analytical platform can be applied for determining other secreted cytokines at the single-cell level by changing other immune pairs, which will be an available tool for exploring single-cell metabonomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Cong
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Zepeng Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Weiqing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.,Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Chunxi Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Wei Shi
- Key Lab for Molecular Enzymology & Engineering of Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Weigang Wang
- No. 2 Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Chongyang Liang
- Institute of Frontier Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Shuping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.,Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.,Center for Supramolecular Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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3
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A microfluidic approach to rescue ALS motor neuron degeneration using rapamycin. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18168. [PMID: 34518579 PMCID: PMC8438029 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97405-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
TAR DNA-binding protein-43 (TDP-43) is known to accumulate in ubiquitinated inclusions of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis affected motor neurons, resulting in motor neuron degeneration, loss of motor functions, and eventually death. Rapamycin, an mTOR inhibitor and a commonly used immunosuppressive drug, has been shown to increase the survivability of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) affected motor neurons. Here we present a transgenic, TDP-43-A315T, mouse model expressing an ALS phenotype and demonstrate the presence of ubiquitinated cytoplasmic TDP-43 aggregates with > 80% cell death by 28 days post differentiation in vitro. Embryonic stem cells from this mouse model were used to study the onset, progression, and therapeutic remediation of TDP-43 aggregates using a novel microfluidic rapamycin concentration gradient generator. Results using a microfluidic device show that ALS affected motor neuron survival can be increased by 40.44% in a rapamycin dosage range between 0.4-1.0 µM.
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Alias AB, Huang HY, Yao DJ. A Review on Microfluidics: An Aid to Assisted Reproductive Technology. Molecules 2021; 26:4354. [PMID: 34299629 PMCID: PMC8303723 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Infertility is a state of the male or female reproductive system that is defined as the failure to achieve pregnancy even after 12 or more months of regular unprotected sexual intercourse. Assisted reproductive technology (ART) plays a crucial role in addressing infertility. Various ART are now available for infertile couples. Fertilization in vitro (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and intrauterine insemination (IUI) are the most common techniques in this regard. Various microfluidic technologies can incorporate various ART procedures such as embryo and gamete (sperm and oocyte) analysis, sorting, manipulation, culture and monitoring. Hence, this review intends to summarize the current knowledge about the application of this approach towards cell biology to enhance ART.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Baby Alias
- Institute of NanoEngineering and MicroSystems, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan;
| | - Hong-Yuan Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung University and College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Da-Jeng Yao
- Institute of NanoEngineering and MicroSystems, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan;
- Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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5
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Wang Y, Wang S, Wu H, Liu X, Ma J, Khan MA, Riaz A, Wang L, Qiu HJ, Sun Y. Compartmentalized Neuronal Culture for Viral Transport Research. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1470. [PMID: 32760359 PMCID: PMC7373733 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuron-invading viruses usually enter via the peripheral organs/tissues of their mammalian hosts and are transported to the neurons. Virus trafficking is critical for transport or spread within the nervous system. Primary culture of neurons is a valuable and indispensable method for neurobiological research, allowing researchers to investigate basic mechanisms of diverse neuronal functions as well as retrograde and anterograde virus transport in neuronal axons. Primary ganglion sensory neurons from mice can be cultured in a compartmentalized culture device, which allows spatial fluidic separation of cell bodies and distal axons. These neurons serve as an important model for investigating the transport of viruses between the neuronal soma and distal axons. Alphaherpesviruses are fascinating and important human and animal pathogens, they replicate and establish lifelong latent infection in the peripheral nervous system, the mechanism of the viral transport along the axon is the key to understand the virus spread in the nervous system. In this review, we briefly introduce and evaluate the most frequently used compartmentalization tools in viral transport research, with particular emphasis on alphaherpesviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Shan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Hongxia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Xinxin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jinyou Ma
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Muhammad Akram Khan
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Aayesha Riaz
- Department of Parasitology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Hua-Ji Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
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6
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Sukumar P, Deliorman M, Brimmo AT, Alnemari R, Elsori D, Chen W, Qasaimeh MA. Airplug-mediated isolation and centralization of single T cells in rectangular microwells for biosensing. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2020; 3:1900085. [PMID: 33117882 PMCID: PMC7591138 DOI: 10.1002/adtp.201900085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Sorting cells in a single cell per microwell format is of great interest to basic biology studies, biotherapeutics, and biosensing including cell phenotyping. For instance, isolation of individual immune T cells in rectangular microwells has been shown to empower the multiplex cytokine profiling at the single cell level for therapeutics applications. The present study, however, shows that there is an existing bias in temporal cytokine sensing that originates from random "unpredicted" positions of loaded cells within the rectangular microwells. To eliminate this bias, the isolated cells need to be well-aligned with each other and relative to the sensing elements. Hence, an approach that utilizes the in situ formation and release of airplugs to localize cells towards the center of the rectangular microwells is reported. The chip includes 2250 microwells (each 500 × 50 × 20 μm3) arranged in 9 rows. Results showed 20% efficiency in trapping single T cells per microwells, where cells are localized within ±3% of the center of microwells. The developed platform could provide real-time dynamic and unbiased multiplex cytokine detection from single T cells for phenotyping and biotherapeutics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavithra Sukumar
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Muhammedin Deliorman
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Ayoola T Brimmo
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Roaa Alnemari
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Deena Elsori
- Department of Applied Sciences and Mathematics, Abu Dhabi University, P.O. Box 59911, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Weiqiang Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
| | - Mohammad A Qasaimeh
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAE
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7
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Open-Source Software Tools, Databases, and Resources for Single-Cell and Single-Cell-Type Metabolomics. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2064:191-217. [PMID: 31565776 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9831-9_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In this age of -omics data-guided big data revolution, metabolomics has received significant attention as compared to genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics for its proximity to the phenotype, the promises it makes and the challenges it throws. Although metabolomes of entire organisms, organs, biofluids, and tissues are of immense interest, a cell-specific resolution is deemed critical for biomedical applications where a granular understanding of cellular metabolism at cell-type and subcellular resolution is desirable. Mass spectrometry (MS) is a versatile technique that is used to analyze a broad range of compounds from different species and cell-types, with high accuracy, resolution, sensitivity, selectivity, and fast data acquisition speeds. With recent advances in MS and spectroscopy-based platforms, the research community is able to generate high-throughput data sets from single cells. However, it is challenging to handle, store, process, analyze, and interpret data in a routine manner. In this treatise, I present a workflow of metabolomics data generation from single cells and single-cell types to their analysis, visualization, and interpretation for obtaining biological insights.
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Abstract
A microfluidic device as a pivotal research tool in chemistry and life science is now widely recognized. Indeed, microfluidic techniques have made significant advancements in fundamental research, such as the inherent heterogeneity of single-cells studies in cell populations, which would be helpful in understanding cellular molecular mechanisms and clinical diagnosis of major diseases. Single-cell analyses on microdevices have shown great potential for precise fluid control, cell manipulation, and signal output with rapid and high throughput. Moreover, miniaturized devices also have open functions such as integrating with traditional detection methods, for example, optical, electrochemical or mass spectrometry for single-cell analysis. In this review, we summarized recent advances of single-cell analysis based on various microfluidic approaches from different dimensions, such as in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo analysis of single cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Ou
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
| | - Peng Chen
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
| | - Bi-Feng Liu
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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9
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Abstract
Single-cell analysis serves as an important approach to study cell functions and interactions. Catering to the demand of Big Data Era, fast reactions for single cells and paralleled high-throughput analysis have become an urgent need. Microdroplet in microfluidics has advantages of modularity and integrity, as well as high throughput and sensitivity, which present great potential in the field of single-cell analysis. This review is carried out on three aspects to introduce microdroplet chips for single-cell analysis: droplet formation, droplet detection and practical functions. Structures of droplet formation are categorized into three types, including T-shaped channel, flow-involved channel and three-dimensional micro-vortice. The detection methods, including fluorescence, Raman spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy and electrochemical detection, are summarized from applications. Both pros and cons for existing techniques are reviewed and discussed. The functions of microdroplets-on-chip cover cell culture, nucleic acid test and cell identification. For each field, principles/mechanisms and/or schematic images are laconically introduced. Microdroplet in microfluidics has become a major research direction in single-cell analysis. With updated methods of droplet formation such as inertial ordering and micro-vortice, microdroplets-based biochips will expect high throughput detection and high-accuracy trace detection for clinical diagnosis in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aihui Wang
- 1 Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,2 State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,3 School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Aynur Abdulla
- 1 Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,2 State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianting Ding
- 1 Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,2 State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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10
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Bao P, Paterson DA, Harrison PL, Miller K, Peyman S, Jones JC, Sandoe J, Evans SD, Bushby RJ, Gleeson HF. Lipid coated liquid crystal droplets for the on-chip detection of antimicrobial peptides. LAB ON A CHIP 2019; 19:1082-1089. [PMID: 30785139 PMCID: PMC6484679 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc01291a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We describe a novel biosensor based on phospholipid-coated nematic liquid crystal (LC) droplets and demonstrate the detection of Smp43, a model antimicrobial peptide (AMP) from the venom of North African scorpion Scorpio maurus palmatus. Mono-disperse lipid-coated LC droplets of diameter 16.7 ± 0.2 μm were generated using PDMS microfluidic devices with a flow-focusing configuration and were the target for AMPs. The droplets were trapped in a bespoke microfluidic trap structure and were simultaneously treated with Smp43 at gradient concentrations in six different chambers. The disruption of the lipid monolayer by the Smp43 was detected (<6 μM) at concentrations well within its biologically active range, indicated by a dramatic change in the appearance of the droplets associated with the transition from a typical radial configuration to a bipolar configuration, which is readily observed by polarizing microscopy. This suggests the system has feasibility as a drug-discovery screening tool. Further, compared to previously reported LC droplet biosensors, this LC droplet biosensor with a lipid coating is more biologically relevant and its ease of use in detecting membrane-related biological processes and interactions has the potential for development as a reliable, low-cost and disposable point of care diagnostic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Bao
- School of Physics and Astronomy
, University of Leeds
,
Leeds
, UK
.
;
;
| | - Daniel A. Paterson
- School of Physics and Astronomy
, University of Leeds
,
Leeds
, UK
.
;
;
| | | | - Keith Miller
- Biomolecular Research Centre
, Sheffield Hallam University
,
Sheffield
, UK
| | - Sally Peyman
- School of Physics and Astronomy
, University of Leeds
,
Leeds
, UK
.
;
;
| | - J. Cliff Jones
- School of Physics and Astronomy
, University of Leeds
,
Leeds
, UK
.
;
;
| | - Jonathan Sandoe
- Leeds Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Science
, University of Leeds
,
Leeds
, UK
| | - Stephen D. Evans
- School of Physics and Astronomy
, University of Leeds
,
Leeds
, UK
.
;
;
| | - Richard J. Bushby
- School of Physics and Astronomy
, University of Leeds
,
Leeds
, UK
.
;
;
| | - Helen F. Gleeson
- School of Physics and Astronomy
, University of Leeds
,
Leeds
, UK
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;
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11
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Wu J, Lin JM. Microfluidic Technology for Single-Cell Capture and Isolation. MICROFLUIDICS FOR SINGLE-CELL ANALYSIS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-32-9729-6_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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12
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Pipette Petri Dish Single-Cell Trapping (PP-SCT) in Microfluidic Platforms: A Passive Hydrodynamic Technique. FLUIDS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/fluids3030051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Microfluidics-based biochips play a vital role in single-cell research applications. Handling and positioning of single cells at the microscale level are an essential need for various applications, including genomics, proteomics, secretomics, and lysis-analysis. In this article, the pipette Petri dish single-cell trapping (PP-SCT) technique is demonstrated. PP-SCT is a simple and cost-effective technique with ease of implementation for single cell analysis applications. In this paper a wide operation at different fluid flow rates of the novel PP-SCT technique is demonstrated. The effects of the microfluidic channel shape (straight, branched, and serpent) on the efficiency of single-cell trapping are studied. This article exhibited passive microfluidic-based biochips capable of vertical cell trapping with the hexagonally-positioned array of microwells. Microwells were 35 μm in diameter, a size sufficient to allow the attachment of captured cells for short-term study. Single-cell capture (SCC) capabilities of the microfluidic-biochips were found to be improving from the straight channel, branched channel, and serpent channel, accordingly. Multiple cell capture (MCC) was on the order of decreasing from the straight channel, branch channel, and serpent channel. Among the three designs investigated, the serpent channel biochip offers high SCC percentage with reduced MCC and NC (no capture) percentage. SCC was around 52%, 42%, and 35% for the serpent, branched, and straight channel biochips, respectively, for the tilt angle, θ values were between 10–15°. Human lung cancer cells (A549) were used for characterization. Using the PP-SCT technique, flow rate variations can be precisely achieved with a flow velocity range of 0.25–4 m/s (fluid channel of 2 mm width and 100 µm height). The upper dish (UD) can be used for low flow rate applications and the lower dish (LD) for high flow rate applications. Passive single-cell analysis applications will be facilitated using this method.
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13
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Single Cell Genetics and Epigenetics in Early Embryo: From Oocyte to Blastocyst. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1068:103-117. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-0502-3_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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14
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Abstract
Sequencing of single bacterial and archaeal cells is an important methodology that provides access to the genetic makeup of uncultivated microorganisms. We here describe the high-throughput fluorescence-activated cell sorting-based isolation of single cells from the environment, their lysis and strand displacement-mediated whole genome amplification. We further outline 16S rRNA gene sequence-based screening of single-cell amplification products, their preparation for Illumina sequencing libraries, and finally propose computational methods for read and contig level quality control of the resulting sequence data.
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15
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Zitzmann FD, Jahnke HG, Nitschke F, Beck-Sickinger AG, Abel B, Belder D, Robitzki AA. A novel microfluidic microelectrode chip for a significantly enhanced monitoring of NPY-receptor activation in live mode. LAB ON A CHIP 2017; 17:4294-4302. [PMID: 29119176 DOI: 10.1039/c7lc00754j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Lab-on-a-chip devices that combine, e.g. chemical synthesis with integrated on-chip analytics and multi-compartment organ-on-a-chip approaches, are a fast and attractive evolving research area. While integration of appropriate cell models in microfluidic setups for monitoring the biological activity of synthesis products or test compounds is already in focus, the integration of label-free bioelectronic analysis techniques is still poorly realized. In this context, we investigated the capabilities of impedance spectroscopy as a non-destructive real-time monitoring technique for adherent cell models in a microfluidic setup. While an initial adaptation of a microelectrode array (MEA) layout from a static setup revealed clear restrictions in the application of impedance spectroscopy in a microfluidic chip, we could demonstrate the advantage of a FEM simulation based rational MEA layout optimization for an optimum electrical field distribution within microfluidic structures. Furthermore, FEM simulation based analysis of shear stress and time-dependent test compound distribution led to identification of an optimal flow rate. Based on the simulation derived optimized microfluidic MEA, comparable impedance spectra characteristics were achieved for HEK293A cells cultured under microfluidic and static conditions. Furthermore, HEK293A cells expressing Y1 receptors were used to successfully demonstrate the capabilities of impedimetric monitoring of cellular alterations in the microfluidic setup. More strikingly, the maximum impedimetric signal for the receptor activation was significantly increased by a factor of 2.8. Detailed investigations of cell morphology and motility led to the conclusion that cultivation under microfluidic conditions could lead to an extended and stabilized cell-electrode interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska D Zitzmann
- Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Technology, Leipzig University, Deutscher Platz 5, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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Rosenthal K, Oehling V, Dusny C, Schmid A. Beyond the bulk: disclosing the life of single microbial cells. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2017; 41:751-780. [PMID: 29029257 PMCID: PMC5812503 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fux044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial single cell analysis has led to discoveries that are beyond what can be resolved with population-based studies. It provides a pristine view of the mechanisms that organize cellular physiology, unbiased by population heterogeneity or uncontrollable environmental impacts. A holistic description of cellular functions at the single cell level requires analytical concepts beyond the miniaturization of existing technologies, defined but uncontrolled by the biological system itself. This review provides an overview of the latest advances in single cell technologies and demonstrates their potential. Opportunities and limitations of single cell microbiology are discussed using selected application-related examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Rosenthal
- Department Solar Materials, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
- Laboratory of Chemical Biotechnology, Department of Biochemical & Chemical Engineering, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Verena Oehling
- Department Solar Materials, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
- Laboratory of Chemical Biotechnology, Department of Biochemical & Chemical Engineering, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Christian Dusny
- Department Solar Materials, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andreas Schmid
- Department Solar Materials, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
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Chen A, Lynch KB, Ren J, Jia Z, Yang Y, Lu JJ, Liu S. Tunable Electroosmosis-Based Femto-Liter Pipette: A Promising Tool toward Living-Cell Surgery. Anal Chem 2017; 89:10806-10812. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b02132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Apeng Chen
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Kyle B. Lynch
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Jiangtao Ren
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Zhijian Jia
- School
of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315016, P.R. China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Joann J. Lu
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Shaorong Liu
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
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18
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Shen Y, Song Z, Yan Y, Song Y, Pan X, Wang Q. Automatic and Selective Single Cell Manipulation in a Pressure-Driven Microfluidic Lab-On-Chip Device. MICROMACHINES 2017. [PMCID: PMC6189766 DOI: 10.3390/mi8060172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A microfluidic lab-on-chip device was developed to automatically and selectively manipulate target cells at the single cell level. The device is composed of a microfluidic chip, mini solenoid valves with negative-pressurized soft tubes, and a LabView®-based data acquisition device. Once a target cell passes the resistive pulse sensing gate of the microfluidic chip, the solenoid valves are automatically actuated and open the negative-pressurized tubes placed at the ends of the collecting channels. As a result, the cell is transported to that collecting well. Numerical simulation shows that a 0.14 mm3 volume change of the soft tube can result in a 1.58 mm/s moving velocity of the sample solution. Experiments with single polystyrene particles and cancer cells samples were carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of this method. Selectively manipulating a certain size of particles from a mixture solution was also achieved. Due to the very high pressure-driven flow switching, as many as 300 target cells per minute can be isolated from the sample solution and thus is particularly suitable for manipulating very rare target cells. The device is simple, automatic, and label-free and particularly suitable for isolating single cells off the chip one by one for downstream analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yigang Shen
- Department of Marine Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China; (Y.S.); (Y.Y.); (X.P.)
| | - Zhenyu Song
- Department of Radiotherapy, Jiaozhao Central Hospital, Qingdao 266300, China;
| | - Yimo Yan
- Department of Marine Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China; (Y.S.); (Y.Y.); (X.P.)
| | - Yongxin Song
- Department of Marine Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China; (Y.S.); (Y.Y.); (X.P.)
- Correspondence: (Y.S.); (Q.W.); Tel.: +86-411-8472-3553 (Y.S.); +86-411-8467-1669 (Q.W.)
| | - Xinxiang Pan
- Department of Marine Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China; (Y.S.); (Y.Y.); (X.P.)
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, China
- Correspondence: (Y.S.); (Q.W.); Tel.: +86-411-8472-3553 (Y.S.); +86-411-8467-1669 (Q.W.)
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19
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Stucky A, Sedghizadeh PP, Mahabady S, Chen X, Zhang C, Zhang G, Zhang X, Zhong JF. Single-cell genomic analysis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:73208-73218. [PMID: 29069864 PMCID: PMC5641207 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) incidence or rates have increased dramatically recently with little improvement in patient outcomes. There is an unmet need in HNSCC to develop reliable molecular markers capable of evaluating patient risks and advising treatments. This review focuses on recent developments in single-cell molecular analysis of cancer, and its applications for HNSCC diagnosis and treatments. For proof of concept, we examined gene expression levels of 62 patients with HNSCC, and correlate the gene expression profiles to single-cell gene expression profiles obtained from a pilot single-cell study of CCR5-positive breast carcinoma cells. The single-cell molecular analyses complemented the lysate data and reveals heterogeneity of oncogenesis pathways with the cancer cell population. Our single-cell molecular analysis indicated that molecular heterogeneity exists in HNSCC and should be addressed in treatment strategy of HNSCC. Single-cell molecular technology can have significant impact on diagnosis, therapeutic decision making, and prognosis of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres Stucky
- Division of Periodontology, Diagnostic Sciences and Dental Hygiene, and Division of Biomedical Sciences, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Parish P Sedghizadeh
- Division of Periodontology, Diagnostic Sciences and Dental Hygiene, and Division of Biomedical Sciences, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Susan Mahabady
- Division of Periodontology, Diagnostic Sciences and Dental Hygiene, and Division of Biomedical Sciences, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xuelian Chen
- Division of Periodontology, Diagnostic Sciences and Dental Hygiene, and Division of Biomedical Sciences, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Division of Periodontology, Diagnostic Sciences and Dental Hygiene, and Division of Biomedical Sciences, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Gang Zhang
- Division of Periodontology, Diagnostic Sciences and Dental Hygiene, and Division of Biomedical Sciences, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Division of Periodontology, Diagnostic Sciences and Dental Hygiene, and Division of Biomedical Sciences, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Jiang F Zhong
- Division of Periodontology, Diagnostic Sciences and Dental Hygiene, and Division of Biomedical Sciences, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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20
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Cárdenas JP, Quatrini R, Holmes DS. Genomic and metagenomic challenges and opportunities for bioleaching: a mini-review. Res Microbiol 2016; 167:529-38. [PMID: 27394987 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2016.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
High-throughput genomic technologies are accelerating progress in understanding the diversity of microbial life in many environments. Here we highlight advances in genomics and metagenomics of microorganisms from bioleaching heaps and related acidic mining environments. Bioleaching heaps used for copper recovery provide significant opportunities to study the processes and mechanisms underlying microbial successions and the influence of community composition on ecosystem functioning. Obtaining quantitative and process-level knowledge of these dynamics is pivotal for understanding how microorganisms contribute to the solubilization of copper for industrial recovery. Advances in DNA sequencing technology provide unprecedented opportunities to obtain information about the genomes of bioleaching microorganisms, allowing predictive models of metabolic potential and ecosystem-level interactions to be constructed. These approaches are enabling predictive phenotyping of organisms many of which are recalcitrant to genetic approaches or are unculturable. This mini-review describes current bioleaching genomic and metagenomic projects and addresses the use of genome information to: (i) build metabolic models; (ii) predict microbial interactions; (iii) estimate genetic diversity; and (iv) study microbial evolution. Key challenges and perspectives of bioleaching genomics/metagenomics are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David S Holmes
- Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile; Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.
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21
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Guillaume-Gentil O, Grindberg RV, Kooger R, Dorwling-Carter L, Martinez V, Ossola D, Pilhofer M, Zambelli T, Vorholt JA. Tunable Single-Cell Extraction for Molecular Analyses. Cell 2016; 166:506-516. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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