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Liu S, Feng Y, Tan Y, Chen J, Yang T, Wang X, Li L, Wang F, Liang H, Zhong JL, Qi C, Lei X. Photosensitizer-loaded hydrogels: A new antibacterial dressing. Wound Repair Regen 2024; 32:301-313. [PMID: 38308577 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.13156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial wound infection has emerged as a pivotal threat to human health worldwide, and the situation has worsened owing to the gradual increase in antibiotic-resistant bacteria caused by the improper use of antibiotics. To reduce the use of antibiotics and avoid the increase in antibiotic-resistant bacteria, researchers are increasingly paying attention to photodynamic therapy, which uses light to produce reactive oxygen species to kill bacteria. Treating bacteria-infected wounds by photodynamic therapy requires fixing the photosensitizer (PS) at the wound site and maintaining a certain level of wound humidity. Hydrogels are materials with a high water content and are well suited for fixing PSs at wound sites for antibacterial photodynamic therapy. Therefore, hydrogels are often loaded with PSs for treating bacteria-infected wounds via antibacterial photodynamic therapy. In this review, we systematically summarised the antibacterial mechanisms and applications of PS-loaded hydrogels for treating bacteria-infected wounds via photodynamic therapy. In addition, the recent studies and the research status progresses of novel antibacterial hydrogels are discussed. Finally, the challenges and future prospects of PS-loaded hydrogels are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunying Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Organ Intelligent Bio-Manufacturing, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanhai Feng
- Department of Dermatology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Organ Intelligent Bio-Manufacturing, Chongqing, China
- Army 953 Hospital, Shigatse Branch of Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Shigatse, China
| | - Yang Tan
- Department of Dermatology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Organ Intelligent Bio-Manufacturing, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinyi Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Organ Intelligent Bio-Manufacturing, Chongqing, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Organ Intelligent Bio-Manufacturing, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Organ Intelligent Bio-Manufacturing, Chongqing, China
| | - Lingfei Li
- Department of Dermatology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Organ Intelligent Bio-Manufacturing, Chongqing, China
| | - Fangjie Wang
- The First Research Department, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huaping Liang
- The First Research Department, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Julia-Li Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chao Qi
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xia Lei
- Department of Dermatology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Organ Intelligent Bio-Manufacturing, Chongqing, China
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Zanchetta FC, De Wever P, Morari J, Gaspar RC, Prado TPD, De Maeseneer T, Cardinaels R, Araújo EP, Lima MHM, Fardim P. In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Chitosan/HPMC/Insulin Hydrogel for Wound Healing Applications. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:168. [PMID: 38391653 PMCID: PMC10886365 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11020168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Treatment of chronic wounds is challenging, and the development of different formulations based on insulin has shown efficacy due to their ability to regulate oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions. The formulation of insulin with polysaccharides in biohybrid hydrogel systems has the advantage of synergistically combining the bioactivity of the protein with the biocompatibility and hydrogel properties of polysaccharides. In this study, a hydrogel formulation containing insulin, chitosan, and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (Chi/HPMC/Ins) was prepared and characterized by FTIR, thermogravimetric, and gel point analyses. The in vitro cell viability and cell migration potential of the Chi/HPMC/Ins hydrogel were evaluated in human keratinocyte cells (HaCat) by MTT and wound scratch assay. The hydrogel was applied to excisional full-thickness wounds in diabetic mice for twenty days for in vivo studies. Cell viability studies indicated no cytotoxicity of the Chi/HPMC/Ins hydrogel. Moreover, the Chi/HPMC/Ins hydrogel promoted faster gap closure in the scratch assay. In vivo, the wounds treated with the Chi/HPMC/Ins hydrogel resulted in faster wound closure, formation of a more organized granulation tissue, and hair follicle regeneration. These results suggest that Chi/HPMC/Ins hydrogels might promote wound healing in vitro and in vivo and could be a new potential dressing for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Cristina Zanchetta
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, Brazil
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Pieter De Wever
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Leuven KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joseane Morari
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Rita Caiado Gaspar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Leuven KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thaís Paulino do Prado
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, Brazil
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Tess De Maeseneer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Leuven KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ruth Cardinaels
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Leuven KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eliana Pereira Araújo
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, Brazil
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Maria Helena Melo Lima
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, Brazil
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Pedro Fardim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Leuven KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Shrestha R, Thenissery A, Khupse R, Rajashekara G. Strategies for the Preparation of Chitosan Derivatives for Antimicrobial, Drug Delivery, and Agricultural Applications: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:7659. [PMID: 38005381 PMCID: PMC10674490 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitosan has received much attention for its role in designing and developing novel derivatives as well as its applications across a broad spectrum of biological and physiological activities, owing to its desirable characteristics such as being biodegradable, being a biopolymer, and its overall eco-friendliness. The main objective of this review is to explore the recent chemical modifications of chitosan that have been achieved through various synthetic methods. These chitosan derivatives are categorized based on their synthetic pathways or the presence of common functional groups, which include alkylated, acylated, Schiff base, quaternary ammonia, guanidine, and heterocyclic rings. We have also described the recent applications of chitosan and its derivatives, along with nanomaterials, their mechanisms, and prospective challenges, especially in areas such as antimicrobial activities, targeted drug delivery for various diseases, and plant agricultural domains. The accumulation of these recent findings has the potential to offer insight not only into innovative approaches for the preparation of chitosan derivatives but also into their diverse applications. These insights may spark novel ideas for drug development or drug carriers, particularly in the antimicrobial, medicinal, and plant agricultural fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Shrestha
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA;
| | - Anusree Thenissery
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA;
| | - Rahul Khupse
- College of Pharmacy, University of Findlay, Findlay, OH 45840, USA;
| | - Gireesh Rajashekara
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA;
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Pedro SN, Valente BF, Vilela C, Oliveira H, Almeida A, Freire MG, Silvestre AJ, Freire CS. Switchable adhesive films of pullulan loaded with a deep eutectic solvent-curcumin formulation for the photodynamic treatment of drug-resistant skin infections. Mater Today Bio 2023; 22:100733. [PMID: 37533730 PMCID: PMC10392606 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a potent tool to surpass the global rise of antimicrobial resistance; still, the effective topical administration of photosensitizers remains a challenge. Biopolymer-based adhesive films can safely extend the residence time of photosensitizers. However, their wide application is narrowed by their limited water absorption capacity and gel strength. In this study, pullulan-based films with a switchable character (from a solid film to an adhesive hydrogel) were developed. This was accomplished by the incorporation of a betaine-based deep eutectic solvent (DES) containing curcumin (4.4 μg.cm-2) into the pullulan films, which tuned the films' skin moisture absorption ability, and therefore they switch into an adhesive hydrogel capable of delivering the photosensitizer. The obtained transparent films presented higher extensibility (elongation at break up to 338.2%) than the pullulan counterparts (6.08%), when stored at 54% of relative humidity, and the corresponding hydrogels a 4-fold higher adhesiveness than commercial hydrogels. These non-cytotoxic adhesives allowed the inactivation (∼5 log reduction), down to the detection limit of the method, of multiresistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus in ex vivo skin samples. Overall, these materials are promising for aPDT in the treatment of resistant skin infections, while being easily removed from the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sónia N. Pedro
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Bruno F.A. Valente
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carla Vilela
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Helena Oliveira
- CESAM, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Adelaide Almeida
- CESAM, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mara G. Freire
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Armando J.D. Silvestre
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carmen S.R. Freire
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
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Xu Y, Chen H, Fang Y, Wu J. Hydrogel Combined with Phototherapy in Wound Healing. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2200494. [PMID: 35751637 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202200494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex biological process that involves tissue regeneration. Traditional wound dressings are dry, cannot provide a moist environment for wound healing, and do not have high antibacterial properties. Hydrogels, which are capable of retaining large amounts of water, can create a moist healing environment. Currently, phototherapies have exhibited a high potential for the treatment of bacterial infections. Therefore, combining hydrogels with phototherapy can adequately overcome the shortcomings of traditional wound treatment methods and show great potential for wound healing owing to their high efficiency, low irritation, and good antibacterial performance. In this review, the application of hydrogels combined with phototherapy in wound healing is summarized. First, the basic principles of photodynamic therapy and photothermal therapy are briefly introduced. In addition, the progress of the application of hydrogel combined with phototherapy in wound healing is systematically investigated. Finally, the challenges and prospects of combining hydrogel with phototherapy in wound healing are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinglin Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Haolin Chen
- Department of Haematology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Yifen Fang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated TCM Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jun Wu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
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Yue L, Zheng M, Wang M, Khan IM, Ding X, Zhang Y, Wang Z. Water-soluble chlorin e6-hydroxypropyl chitosan as a high-efficiency photoantimicrobial agent against Staphylococcus aureus. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 208:669-677. [PMID: 35346676 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The development of new antimicrobial agents is important to combat infections caused by pathogenic bacteria. Herein, Hydroxypropyl chitosan (HPCS), a hydrophilic modified product of chitosan (CS), was employed as a carrier of the photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) through an amide bond to obtain the products (HPCS-Ce6 conjugates) with a degree of substitution (DS) ranging from 2.95% to 5.25%. The UV-vis absorption spectra and 1H NMR spectra confirmed the successful synthesis of the products. The products have a better and more stable reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation capacity and higher bacterial affinity than Ce6. At a very low dose (1.8 μg/mL), the highest DS product (HPCS-Ce6-3) can effectively kill Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) under 660 nm irradiation. In addition, the HPCS-Ce6 conjugates showed high biocompatibility in the CCK-8 test. The HPCS-Ce6 conjugates could be a photodynamic antibacterial agent with good water solubility, high biocompatibility, and antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
| | - Meihong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Imran Mahmood Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Xiaowei Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Yin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing of Sichuan, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, PR China
| | - Zhouping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Key Laboratory of Meat Processing of Sichuan, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, PR China.
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de Souza da Fonseca A, de Paoli F, Mencalha AL. Photodynamic therapy for treatment of infected burns. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 38:102831. [PMID: 35341978 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Burns are among the most debilitating and devastating forms of trauma. Such injuries are influenced by infections, causing increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Due to the emergence of multidrug-resistant infectious agents, efficient treatment of infections in burns is a challenging issue. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a promising approach to inactivate infectious agents, including multidrug-resistant. In this review, studies on PubMed were gathered, aiming to summarize the achievements regarding the applications of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy for the treatment of infected burns. A literature search was carried out for aPDT published reports assessment on bacterial, fungal, and viral infections in burns. The collected data suggest that aPDT could be a promising new approach against multidrug-resistant infectious agents. However, despite important results being obtained against bacteria, experimental and clinical studies are necessary yet on the effectiveness of aPDT against fungal and viral infections in burns, which could reduce morbidity and mortality of burned patients, mainly those infected by multidrug-resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adenilson de Souza da Fonseca
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Boulevard Vinte e Oito de Setembro, 87, Fundos, Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro 20551030, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Frei Caneca, 94, Rio de Janeiro 20211040, Brazil; Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Centro Universitário Serra dos Órgãos, Avenida Alberto Torres, 111, Teresópolis, Rio de Janeiro 25964004, Brazil.
| | - Flavia de Paoli
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Rua José Lourenço Khelmer - s/n, Campus Universitário, São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais 36036900, Brazil
| | - Andre Luiz Mencalha
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Boulevard Vinte e Oito de Setembro, 87, Fundos, Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro 20551030, Brazil
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Hemmingsen LM, Škalko-Basnet N, Jøraholmen MW. The Expanded Role of Chitosan in Localized Antimicrobial Therapy. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:697. [PMID: 34940696 PMCID: PMC8704789 DOI: 10.3390/md19120697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan is one of the most studied natural origin polymers for biomedical applications. This review focuses on the potential of chitosan in localized antimicrobial therapy to address the challenges of current rising antimicrobial resistance. Due to its mucoadhesiveness, chitosan offers the opportunity to prolong the formulation residence time at mucosal sites; its wound healing properties open possibilities to utilize chitosan as wound dressings with multitargeted activities and more. We provide an unbiased overview of the state-of-the-art chitosan-based delivery systems categorized by the administration site, addressing the site-related challenges and evaluating the representative formulations. Specifically, we offer an in-depth analysis of the current challenges of the chitosan-based novel delivery systems for skin and vaginal infections, including its formulations optimizations and limitations. A brief overview of chitosan's potential in treating ocular, buccal and dental, and nasal infections is included. We close the review with remarks on toxicity issues and remaining challenges and perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Myrseth Hemmingsen
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Universitetsvegen 57, 9037 Tromsø, Norway;
| | | | - May Wenche Jøraholmen
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Universitetsvegen 57, 9037 Tromsø, Norway;
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Tudoroiu EE, Dinu-Pîrvu CE, Albu Kaya MG, Popa L, Anuța V, Prisada RM, Ghica MV. An Overview of Cellulose Derivatives-Based Dressings for Wound-Healing Management. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:1215. [PMID: 34959615 PMCID: PMC8706040 DOI: 10.3390/ph14121215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Presently, notwithstanding the progress regarding wound-healing management, the treatment of the majority of skin lesions still represents a serious challenge for biomedical and pharmaceutical industries. Thus, the attention of the researchers has turned to the development of novel materials based on cellulose derivatives. Cellulose derivatives are semi-synthetic biopolymers, which exhibit high solubility in water and represent an advantageous alternative to water-insoluble cellulose. These biopolymers possess excellent properties, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, sustainability, non-toxicity, non-immunogenicity, thermo-gelling behavior, mechanical strength, abundance, low costs, antibacterial effect, and high hydrophilicity. They have an efficient ability to absorb and retain a large quantity of wound exudates in the interstitial sites of their networks and can maintain optimal local moisture. Cellulose derivatives also represent a proper scaffold to incorporate various bioactive agents with beneficial therapeutic effects on skin tissue restoration. Due to these suitable and versatile characteristics, cellulose derivatives are attractive and captivating materials for wound-healing applications. This review presents an extensive overview of recent research regarding promising cellulose derivatives-based materials for the development of multiple biomedical and pharmaceutical applications, such as wound dressings, drug delivery devices, and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena-Emilia Tudoroiu
- Department of Physical and Colloidal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, 6 Traian Vuia Str., 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (E.-E.T.); (L.P.); (V.A.); (R.M.P.); (M.V.G.)
| | - Cristina-Elena Dinu-Pîrvu
- Department of Physical and Colloidal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, 6 Traian Vuia Str., 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (E.-E.T.); (L.P.); (V.A.); (R.M.P.); (M.V.G.)
| | - Mădălina Georgiana Albu Kaya
- Department of Collagen, Division Leather and Footwear Research Institute, National Research and Development Institute for Textile and Leather, 93 Ion Minulescu Str., 031215 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Lăcrămioara Popa
- Department of Physical and Colloidal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, 6 Traian Vuia Str., 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (E.-E.T.); (L.P.); (V.A.); (R.M.P.); (M.V.G.)
| | - Valentina Anuța
- Department of Physical and Colloidal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, 6 Traian Vuia Str., 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (E.-E.T.); (L.P.); (V.A.); (R.M.P.); (M.V.G.)
| | - Răzvan Mihai Prisada
- Department of Physical and Colloidal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, 6 Traian Vuia Str., 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (E.-E.T.); (L.P.); (V.A.); (R.M.P.); (M.V.G.)
| | - Mihaela Violeta Ghica
- Department of Physical and Colloidal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, 6 Traian Vuia Str., 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (E.-E.T.); (L.P.); (V.A.); (R.M.P.); (M.V.G.)
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Development and Optimization of Chitosan-Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose In Situ Gelling Systems for Ophthalmic Delivery of Bupivacaine Hydrochloride. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9101694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was the development and optimization of chitosan and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) in situ gelling systems, loaded with bupivacaine hydrochloride for topical ocular administration. This study is based on the properties of two polymers: chitosan, which has mucoadhesive action and is a pH-sensitive polymer, but also the cellulose derivative hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, a thermosensitive polymer which has mucoadhesive properties and increases the viscosity of systems. The analysis and optimization of in situ gelling systems were performed based on an experimental design and response surface methodology. The following formulation parameters were considered: X1 = chitosan concentration (0.5%, 1%), X2 = HPMC E 5 LV concentration (2%, 5%) and X3 = Chitosan/HPMC E 5 LV ratio (1/1, 2/1). In addition, the parameters to be optimized were represented by the contact angle (CA (°)), viscosity and cumulative percentage of bupivacaine hydrochloride released in vitro. The results indicate that the designed in situ gelling systems are suitable for bupivacaine prolonged ophthalmic release and overcome the principal disadvantages of the liquid’s ocular formulations. An immediate therapeutic effect corresponding to ocular anesthetic installation was assured in the first stage: burst bupivacaine release. In the second phase, the gradual drug release was assured for over 6 h. This drug release profile, together with the corresponding rheological profile and a collection of superficial properties for good ocular adhesion balanced with an adequate hydrophilic character, assured the desired quality of the attributes for the proposed systems. The system, based on chitosan 1%, HPMC E 5 LV 5% and a 1/1 polymer ratio, could be a solution for the proposed formulation of in situ gelling colloidal systems, since the viscosity of the system was within the range of the optimal viscosity of the eye, and the amount of bupivacaine hydrochloride released after 6 h was the highest at 69.55%.
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11
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Ke CL, Deng FS, Chuang CY, Lin CH. Antimicrobial Actions and Applications of Chitosan. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:904. [PMID: 33804268 PMCID: PMC7998239 DOI: 10.3390/polym13060904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitosan is a naturally originating product that can be applied in many areas due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and nontoxic properties. The broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity of chitosan offers great commercial potential for this product. Nevertheless, the antimicrobial activity of chitosan varies, because this activity is associated with its physicochemical characteristics and depends on the type of microorganism. In this review article, the fundamental properties, modes of antimicrobial action, and antimicrobial effects-related factors of chitosan are discussed. We further summarize how microorganisms genetically respond to chitosan. Finally, applications of chitosan-based biomaterials, such as nanoparticles and films, in combination with current clinical antibiotics or antifungal drugs, are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ching-Hsuan Lin
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (C.-L.K.); (F.-S.D.); (C.-Y.C.)
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12
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Afrasiabi S, Bahador A, Partoazar A. Combinatorial therapy of chitosan hydrogel-based zinc oxide nanocomposite attenuates the virulence of Streptococcus mutans. BMC Microbiol 2021; 21:62. [PMID: 33622240 PMCID: PMC7903727 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02128-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Biofilm formation is an important causative factor in the expansion of the carious lesions in the enamel. Hence, new approaches to efficient antibacterial agents are highly demanded. This study was conducted to evaluate the antimicrobial-biofilm activity of chitosan hydrogel (CS gel), zinc oxide/ zeolite nanocomposite (ZnONC) either separately or combined together [ZnONC / CS gel (ZnONC-CS)] against Streptococcus mutans biofilm. Results MTT assay demonstrated that the ZnONC-CS exhibits a non-cytotoxic effect (> 90% cell viability) toward human gingival fibroblast cells at different dosages (78.1–625 μg/mL) within 72 h. In comparison with CS gel and ZnONC, ZnONC-CS was superior at biofilm formation and metabolic activity reduction by 33 and 45%, respectively; (P < 0.05). The field emission scanning electron microscopy micrographs of the biofilms grown on the enamel slabs were largely in concordance with the quantitative biofilm assay results. Consistent with the reducing effect of ZnONC-CS on biofilm formation, the expression levels of gtfB, gtfC, and ftf significantly decreased. Conclusions Taken together, excellent compatibility coupled with an enhanced antimicrobial effect against S. mutans biofilm has equipped ZnONC-CS as a promising candidate for dental biofilm control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Afrasiabi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Bahador
- Oral Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Partoazar
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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13
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Different cellulosic polymers for synthesizing silver nanoparticles with antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Sci Rep 2021; 11:84. [PMID: 33420131 PMCID: PMC7794214 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79834-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of cellulosic polymers as efficient reducing, coating agents, and stabilizers in the formulation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with antioxidant and antibacterial activity was investigated. AgNPs were synthesized using different cellulosic polymers, polyethylene glycol, and without polymers using tri-sodium citrate, for comparison. The yield, morphology, size, charge, in vitro release of silver ion, and physical stability of the resulting AgNPs were evaluated. Their antioxidant activity was measured as a scavenging percentage compared with ascorbic acid, while their antibacterial activity was evaluated against different strains of bacteria. The amount of AgNPs inside bacterial cells was quantified using an ICP-OES spectrometer, and morphological examination of the bacteria was performed after AgNPs internalization. Cellulosic polymers generated physically stable AgNPs without any aggregation, which remained physically stable for 3 months at 25.0 ± 0.5 and 4.0 ± 0.5 °C. AgNPs formulated using ethylcellulose (EC) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) had significant (p ≤ 0.05; ANOVA/Tukey) antibacterial activities and lower values of MIC compared to methylcellulose (MC), PEG, and AgNPs without a polymeric stabilizer. Significantly (p ≤ 0.05; ANOVA/Tukey) more AgNPs-EC and AgNPs-HPMC were internalized in Escherichia coli cells compared to other formulations. Thus, cellulosic polymers show promise as polymers for the formulation of AgNPs with antioxidant and antibacterial activities.
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14
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Feng Z, Lin S, McDonagh A, Yu C. Natural Hydrogels Applied in Photodynamic Therapy. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:2681-2703. [PMID: 31622196 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666191016112828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Natural hydrogels are three-dimensional (3D) water-retaining materials with a skeleton consisting of natural polymers, their derivatives or mixtures. Natural hydrogels can provide sustained or controlled drug release and possess some unique properties of natural polymers, such as biodegradability, biocompatibility and some additional functions, such as CD44 targeting of hyaluronic acid. Natural hydrogels can be used with photosensitizers (PSs) in photodynamic therapy (PDT) to increase the range of applications. In the current review, the pertinent design variables are discussed along with a description of the categories of natural hydrogels available for PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipan Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shiying Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | | | - Chen Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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15
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Balhaddad AA, Garcia IM, Ibrahim MS, Rolim JPML, Gomes EAB, Martinho FC, Collares FM, Xu H, Melo MAS. Prospects on Nano-Based Platforms for Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Against Oral Biofilms. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2020; 38:481-496. [PMID: 32716697 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2020.4815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Objective: This review clusters the growing field of nano-based platforms for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) targeting pathogenic oral biofilms and increase interactions between dental researchers and investigators in many related fields. Background data: Clinically relevant disinfection of dental tissues is difficult to achieve with aPDT alone. It has been found that limited penetrability into soft and hard dental tissues, diffusion of the photosensitizers, and the small light absorption coefficient are contributing factors. As a result, the effectiveness of aPDT is reduced in vivo applications. To overcome limitations, nanotechnology has been implied to enhance the penetration and delivery of photosensitizers to target microorganisms and increase the bactericidal effect. Materials and methods: The current literature was screened for the various platforms composed of photosensitizers functionalized with nanoparticles and their enhanced performance against oral pathogenic biofilms. Results: The evidence-based findings from the up-to-date literature were promising to control the onset and the progression of dental biofilm-triggered diseases such as dental caries, endodontic infections, and periodontal diseases. The antimicrobial effects of aPDT with nano-based platforms on oral bacterial disinfection will help to advance the design of combination strategies that increase the rate of complete and durable clinical response in oral infections. Conclusions: There is enthusiasm about the potential of nano-based platforms to treat currently out of the reach pathogenic oral biofilms. Much of the potential exists because these nano-based platforms use unique mechanisms of action that allow us to overcome the challenging of intra-oral and hard-tissue disinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman A Balhaddad
- PhD Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Isadora M Garcia
- PhD Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Dental Materials Laboratory, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Maria Salem Ibrahim
- PhD Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Juliana P M L Rolim
- Department of Dentistry, Christus University Center (Unichristus), Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Edison A B Gomes
- Department of Dentistry, Christus University Center (Unichristus), Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Frederico C Martinho
- Endodontic Division, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Fabricio M Collares
- Dental Materials Laboratory, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Hockin Xu
- PhD Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mary Anne S Melo
- PhD Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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16
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Maisch
- Department of DermatologyUniversity Medical Center Regensburg Regensburg Germany
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17
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Aung NN, Ngawhirunpat T, Rojanarata T, Patrojanasophon P, Opanasopit P, Pamornpathomkul B. HPMC/PVP Dissolving Microneedles: a Promising Delivery Platform to Promote Trans-Epidermal Delivery of Alpha-Arbutin for Skin Lightening. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 21:25. [PMID: 31848807 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-019-1599-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha-arbutin is one of the most efficient skin lightener agents, which shows the effect on reducing the pigmentation by competitively inhibiting human tyrosinase. However, alpha-arbutin has difficulty in skin permeability due to its hydrophilic property. The objective of this study was, therefore, to develop alpha-arbutin-loaded dissolving microneedles (DMNs) for improving the delivery of alpha-arbutin into the skin. The DMN patch was prepared using Gantrez™ S-97, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), polyvinylpyrrolidone K-90 (PVP), chitosan, and their combinations. The optimal 8% alpha-arbutin-loaded DMNs, aside from Gantrez™ S-97, was successfully formulated with combination of 8% w/w HPMC and 40% w/w PVP K-90 (HPMC/PVP) at the weight ratio of 1:1. Both DMNs had 100% of penetration into porcine skin. Over 12 h of skin permeation, the flux of Gantrez™ S-97 DMNs and the HPMC/PVP DMNs were 66.21 μg/cm2/h and 74.24 μg/cm2/h, respectively. The accumulation amount of alpha-arbutin in the skin from Gantrez™ S-97 DMNs and HPMC/PVP DMNs was 107.76 μg and 312.23 μg, respectively. In comparison to the gel formulations, Gantrez™ S-97 DMNs and HPMC/PVP DMNs increase the delivery of alpha-arbutin across the skin approximately 2 and 4.7 times, respectively. In vivo studies found that alpha-arbutin-loaded HPMC/PVP DMNs delivered more alpha-arbutin into the skin than commercial cream. Moreover, the skin can reseal naturally after removal of DMNs patch without any signs of infection and remain stable in accelerated conditions for 4 weeks. Accordingly, alpha-arbutin-loaded HPMC/PVP DMNs could be a promising delivery platform for promoting trans-epidermal delivery of alpha-arbutin for skin lightening.
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18
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Khurana B, Gierlich P, Meindl A, Gomes-da-Silva LC, Senge MO. Hydrogels: soft matters in photomedicine. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019; 18:2613-2656. [PMID: 31460568 DOI: 10.1039/c9pp00221a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT), a shining beacon in the realm of photomedicine, is a non-invasive technique that utilizes dye-based photosensitizers (PSs) in conjunction with light and oxygen to produce reactive oxygen species to combat malignant tissues and infectious microorganisms. Yet, for PDT to become a common, routine therapy, it is still necessary to overcome limitations such as photosensitizer solubility, long-term side effects (e.g., photosensitivity) and to develop safe, biocompatible and target-specific formulations. Polymer based drug delivery platforms are an effective strategy for the delivery of PSs for PDT applications. Among them, hydrogels and 3D polymer scaffolds with the ability to swell in aqueous media have been deeply investigated. Particularly, hydrogel-based formulations present real potential to fulfill all requirements of an ideal PDT platform by overcoming the solubility issues, while improving the selectivity and targeting drawbacks of the PSs alone. In this perspective, we summarize the use of hydrogels as carrier systems of PSs to enhance the effectiveness of PDT against infections and cancer. Their potential in environmental and biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering photoremediation and photochemistry, is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavya Khurana
- Medicinal Chemistry, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland.
| | - Piotr Gierlich
- Medicinal Chemistry, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland. and CQC, Coimbra Chemistry Department, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Alina Meindl
- Physik Department E20, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | | | - Mathias O Senge
- Medicinal Chemistry, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland. and Physik Department E20, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany and Institute for Advanced Study (TUM-IAS), Technische Universität München, Lichtenberg-Str. 2a, 85748 Garching, Germany
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19
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Calixto GMF, de Annunzio SR, Victorelli FD, Frade ML, Ferreira PS, Chorilli M, Fontana CR. Chitosan-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Optimization of Photodynamic Therapy: a Review. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 20:253. [PMID: 31309346 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-019-1407-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug delivery systems (DDS) can be designed to enrich the pharmacological and therapeutic properties of several drugs. Many of the initial obstacles that impeded the clinical applications of conventional DDS have been overcome with nanotechnology-based DDS, especially those formed by chitosan (CS). CS is a linear polysaccharide obtained by the deacetylation of chitin, which has potential properties such as biocompatibility, hydrophilicity, biodegradability, non-toxicity, high bioavailability, simplicity of modification, aqueous solubility, and excellent chemical resistance. Furthermore, CS can prepare several DDS as films, gels, nanoparticles, and microparticles to improve delivery of drugs, such as photosensitizers (PS). Thus, CS-based DDS are broadly investigated for photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer and fungal and bacterial diseases. In PDT, a PS is activated by light of a specific wavelength, which provokes selective damage to the target tissue and its surrounding vasculature, but most PS have low water solubility and cutaneous photosensitivity impairing the clinical use of PDT. Based on this, the application of nanotechnology using chitosan-based DDS in PDT may offer great possibilities in the treatment of diseases. Therefore, this review presents numerous applications of chitosan-based DDS in order to improve the PDT for cancer and fungal and bacterial diseases.
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20
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Carbon dot-DNA-protoporphyrin hybrid hydrogel for sustained photoinduced antimicrobial activity. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 553:228-238. [PMID: 31212225 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
An assembly of hybrid hydrogel derived from Carbon Dot (CD), Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) and DNA is reported here. PpIX and CD were covalently conjugated to 5'-phosphate termini of Cytosine (C) rich single strand DNA (ssDNA) separately. The CD-DNA-PpIX hybrid hydrogel was assembled through the formation of intercalated motif (i-motif) DNA network structure from CD-DNA and PpIX-DNA conjugates where CD act as crosslinkers in the hydrogel as well as energy donor to excite the photosensitizer (PS), PpIX. While hydrogel derived from only PpIX-DNA conjugate showed an inadequate sol-gel transition, the same could be precisely achieved from the CD-DNA-PpIX hybrid hydrogel by controlled pH adjustment. Distinct photophysical properties of CD and PpIX including fluorescence emission potentially enable tracking of the PS loading and hydrogel dissolution that was visually detectable under UV illumination. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) generation and subsequent killing of gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)) were observed following excitation of PpIX (acceptor) in the hybrid hydrogel either through energy transfer from CD or by direct irradiation of PpIX with visible light. Complete dissolution of hydrogel and sustained release of PpIX and subsequent ROS generation was achieved over 10-11 days that could kill S. aureus systematically. This study provides a promising strategy to address self-quenching and solubility of PS for its sustained release in Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (A-PDT) applications through smart hydrogel formulation.
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21
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Timur SS, Yüksel S, Akca G, Şenel S. Localized drug delivery with mono and bilayered mucoadhesive films and wafers for oral mucosal infections. Int J Pharm 2019; 559:102-112. [PMID: 30682450 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Local drug delivery into oral cavity offers many advantages over systemic administration in treatment of the oral infections. In this study, monolayer and bilayered mucoadhesive film and wafer formulations were developed as local drug delivery platforms using chitosan and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC). Cefuroxime axetil (CA) was used as the model drug. Surface morphology, mechanical strength, water uptake, in vitro adhesion, disintegration and in vitro release properties of the formulations were investigated. Furthermore, antimicrobial activity of the formulations was evaluated against E. coli and S. aureus. HPMC based formulations were found to disintegrate within <30 min whereas chitosan based formulations remained intact up to 6 h. Significantly higher drug release was obtained with wafer formulations. Antimicrobial activity was found to increase in presence of chitosan, and HPMC was also observed to contribute to this action. Bilayered wafer formulation, with adhesive chitosan backing layer and HPMC based drug loaded layer, providing prolonged drug release and suitable adhesive properties, with suitable mechanical strength, would be suggested as a promising local delivery system for treatment of the infections in the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selin Seda Timur
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Selin Yüksel
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gülçin Akca
- Gazi University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Medical Microbiology, 06510 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sevda Şenel
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, 06100 Ankara, Turkey.
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22
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Optimization of hydrogel containing toluidine blue O for photodynamic therapy in treating acne. Lasers Med Sci 2019; 34:1535-1545. [PMID: 30825010 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-019-02727-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics and photodynamic therapy (PDT) are widely employed in curing acne. However, antibiotics as an effective treatment would lead to bacterial resistance and severe side effects. In this study, we aimed to develop a novel TBO hydrogel, which could prolong the retention time of photosensitizer (TBO) at the lesion site and improve therapeutic effect. In vitro antibacterial experiments (against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli), the response surface methodology was used to optimize the formulation of TBO hydrogel. The results indicated that the optimal formulation was 0.5% (v/v) carbomer, 0.01 mg/mL TBO, 0.5% (v/v) ethanol concentration, 0.5% (v/v) Tween 80, the mass ratio of NaOH to carbomer of 0.4 (w/w). The TBO hydrogel formulation showed the strong antibacterial activity for Propionibacterium acnes. The stability, pH, and antibacterial activity of TBO hydrogel did not significantly change under 4 °C, 25 °C, and 40 °C during 6-week storage. Furthermore, TBO combined with carbomer hydrogel showed the 51.28% (4 h) and 69.80% (24 h) release. In summary, the hydrogel TBO might be a vital therapeutic strategy to promote the PDT applied in the topical therapy of acne. Graphical abstract A TBO hydrogel for photodynamic therapy in the treatment of acne.
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23
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Lin CH, Chien HF, Lin MH, Chen CP, Shen M, Chen CT. Chitosan Inhibits the Rehabilitation of Damaged Microbes Induced by Photodynamic Inactivation. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092598. [PMID: 30200473 PMCID: PMC6164787 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we showed that chitosan could augment the biocidal efficacy mediated by photodynamic treatment against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans. In this study, we showed that the antimicrobial action of chitosan in augmenting photodynamic inactivation (PDI) is related to the increase in cell surface destruction. The microbial cell surfaces exhibit severe irregular shapes after PDI in the presence of chitosan as demonstrated by transmitted electron microscopy. Furthermore, increases in the concentration or incubation time of chitosan significantly reduced the amounts of photosensitizer toluidine blue O required, indicating that chitosan could be an augmenting agent used in conjunction with PDI against S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and C. albicans. A prolonged lag phase was found in microbial cells that survived to PDI, in which chitosan acted to completely eradicate the cells. Once the exponential log stage and cell rebuild began, their cellular functions from PDI-induced damage returned and the increased cytotoxic effect of chitosan disappeared. Together, our results suggest that chitosan can prevent the rehabilitation of PDI-surviving microbial cells, leading to increased biocidal efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Hsuan Lin
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
| | - Hsiung-Fei Chien
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Hsuan Lin
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
| | - Chueh-Pin Chen
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
| | - Mandy Shen
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
| | - Chin-Tin Chen
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
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Huang MC, Shen M, Huang YJ, Lin HC, Chen CT. Photodynamic Inactivation Potentiates the Susceptibility of Antifungal Agents against the Planktonic and Biofilm Cells of Candida albicans. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020434. [PMID: 29389883 PMCID: PMC5855656 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) has been shown to be a potential treatment modality against Candida infection. However, limited light penetration might leave some cells alive and undergoing regrowth. In this study, we explored the possibility of combining PDI and antifungal agents to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of Candida albicans and drug-resistant clinical isolates. We found that planktonic cells that had survived toluidine blue O (TBO)-mediated PDI were significantly susceptible to fluconazole within the first 2 h post PDI. Following PDI, the killing efficacy of antifungal agents relates to the PDI dose in wild-type and drug-resistant clinical isolates. However, only a 3-log reduction was found in the biofilm cells, suggesting limited therapeutic efficacy under the combined treatment of PDI and azole antifungal drugs. Using confocal microscopic analysis, we showed that TBO-mediated PDI could partially remove the extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) of biofilm. Finally, we showed that a combination of PDI with caspofungin could result in the complete killing of biofilms compared to those treated with caspofungin or PDI alone. These results clearly indicate that the combination of PDI and antifungal agents could be a promising treatment against C. albicans infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Ching Huang
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
| | - Mandy Shen
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Jhen Huang
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
| | - Hsiao-Chi Lin
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
| | - Chin-Tin Chen
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
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Varshosaz J, Taymouri S, Minaiyan M, Rastegarnasab F, Baradaran A. Development and in vitro/in vivo evaluation of HPMC/chitosan gel containing simvastatin loaded self-assembled nanomicelles as a potent wound healing agent. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2017; 44:276-288. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2017.1391832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaleh Varshosaz
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Centre, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Somayeh Taymouri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Centre, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Minaiyan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rastegarnasab
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Centre, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Azar Baradaran
- Department of Pathology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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26
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Liang H, Xu J, Liu Y, Zhang J, Peng W, Yan J, Li Z, Li Q. Optimization of hydrogel containing toluidine blue O for photodynamic therapy by response surface methodology. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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27
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Implications of molecular diversity of chitin and its derivatives. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:3513-3536. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8229-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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28
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Feng Y, Liu L, Zhang J, Aslan H, Dong M. Photoactive antimicrobial nanomaterials. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:8631-8652. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb01860f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nanomaterials for killing pathogenic bacteria under light irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghai Feng
- Institute for Advanced Materials
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang 212013
- China
| | - Lei Liu
- Institute for Advanced Materials
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang 212013
- China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Institute for Advanced Materials
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang 212013
- China
| | - Hüsnü Aslan
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center
- Universitas Arhusiensis
- Arhus 8200
- Denmark
| | - Mingdong Dong
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center
- Universitas Arhusiensis
- Arhus 8200
- Denmark
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29
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Assessment of Photodynamic Inactivation against Periodontal Bacteria Mediated by a Chitosan Hydrogel in a 3D Gingival Model. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17111821. [PMID: 27809278 PMCID: PMC5133822 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17111821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan hydrogels containing hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and toluidine blue O were prepared and assessed for their mucoadhesive property and antimicrobial efficacy of photodynamic inactivation (PDI). Increased HPMC content in the hydrogels resulted in increased mucoadhesiveness. Furthermore, we developed a simple In Vitro 3D gingival model resembling the oral periodontal pocket to culture the biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitans), and Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis). The PDI efficacy of chitosan hydrogel was examined against periodontal biofilms cultured in this 3D gingival model. We found that the PDI effectiveness was limited due to leaving some of the innermost bacteria alive at the non-illuminated site. Using this 3D gingival model, we further optimized PDI procedures with various adjustments of light energy and irradiation sites. The PDI efficacy of the chitosan hydrogel against periodontal biofilms can significantly improve via four sides of irradiation. In conclusion, this study not only showed the clinical applicability of this chitosan hydrogel but also the importance of the light irradiation pattern in performing PDI for periodontal disease.
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