1
|
Tokoro Y, Nagae M, Nakano M, Harduin-Lepers A, Kizuka Y. LacdiNAc synthase B4GALNT3 has a unique PA14 domain and suppresses N-glycan capping. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107450. [PMID: 38844136 PMCID: PMC11254600 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Structural variation of N-glycans is essential for the regulation of glycoprotein functions. GalNAcβ1-4GlcNAc (LacdiNAc or LDN), a unique subterminal glycan structure synthesized by B4GALNT3 or B4GALNT4, is involved in the clearance of N-glycoproteins from the blood and maintenance of cell stemness. Such regulation of glycoprotein functions by LDN is largely different from that by the dominant subterminal structure, N-acetyllactosamine (Galβ1-4GlcNAc, LacNAc). However, the mechanisms by which B4GALNT activity is regulated and how LDN plays different roles from LacNAc remain unclear. Here, we found that B4GALNT3 and four have unique domain organization containing a noncatalytic PA14 domain, which is a putative glycan-binding module. A mutant lacking this domain dramatically decreases the activity toward various substrates, such as N-glycan, O-GalNAc glycan, and glycoproteins, indicating that this domain is essential for enzyme activity and forms part of the catalytic region. In addition, to clarify the mechanism underlying the functional differences between LDN and LacNAc, we examined the effects of LDN on the maturation of N-glycans, focusing on the related glycosyltransferases upstream and downstream of B4GALNT. We revealed that, unlike LacNAc synthesis, prior formation of bisecting GlcNAc in N-glycan almost completely inhibits LDN synthesis by B4GALNT3. Moreover, the presence of LDN negatively impacted the actions of many glycosyltransferases for terminal modifications, including sialylation, fucosylation, and human natural killer-1 synthesis. These findings demonstrate that LDN has significant impacts on N-glycan maturation in a completely different way from LacNAc, which could contribute to obtaining a comprehensive overview of the system regulating complex N-glycan biosynthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Tokoro
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Masamichi Nagae
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan; Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Miyako Nakano
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Anne Harduin-Lepers
- University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 -UGSF- Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
| | - Yasuhiko Kizuka
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Harduin-Lepers A. The vertebrate sialylation machinery: structure-function and molecular evolution of GT-29 sialyltransferases. Glycoconj J 2023; 40:473-492. [PMID: 37247156 PMCID: PMC10225777 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-023-10123-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Every eukaryotic cell is covered with a thick layer of complex carbohydrates with essential roles in their social life. In Deuterostoma, sialic acids present at the outermost positions of glycans of glycoconjugates are known to be key players in cellular interactions including host-pathogen interactions. Their negative charge and hydrophilic properties enable their roles in various normal and pathological states and their expression is altered in many diseases including cancers. Sialylation of glycoproteins and glycolipids is orchestrated by the regulated expression of twenty sialyltransferases in human tissues with distinct enzymatic characteristics and preferences for substrates and linkages formed. However, still very little is known on the functional organization of sialyltransferases in the Golgi apparatus and how the sialylation machinery is finely regulated to provide the ad hoc sialome to the cell. This review summarizes current knowledge on sialyltransferases, their structure-function relationships, molecular evolution, and their implications in human biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Harduin-Lepers
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000, Lille, France.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Günther J, Galuska SP. A brief history of galectin evolution. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1147356. [PMID: 37457740 PMCID: PMC10343441 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1147356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Galectins are a family of carbohydrate-binding proteins found in vertebrates in great abundance and diversity in terms of both structure and ligand-binding properties as well as physiological function. Proteins with clear relationships to vertebrate galectins are already found in primitive Bilateria. The increasing amount of accessible well-annotated bilaterian genomes has allowed us to reveal, through synteny analyses, a new hypothesis about the phylogenetic history of the galectin family in this animal group. Thus, we can trace the genomic localization of the putative ancestral Bilateria galectin back to the scallops as a still very primitive slow-evolving bilaterian lineage. Intriguingly, our analyses show that the primordial galectin of the Deuterostomata most likely exhibited galectin-8-like characteristics. This basal standing galectin is characterized by a tandem-repeat type with two carbohydrate recognition domains as well as by a sialic acid binding property of the N-terminal domain, which is typical for galectin-8. With the help of synteny, the amplification of this potential primordial galectin to the broad galectin cosmos of modern jawed vertebrates can be reconstructed. Therefore, it is possible to distinguish between the paralogs resulting from small-scale duplication and the ohnologues generated by whole-genome duplication. Our findings support a substantially new hypothesis about the origin of the various members of the galectin family in vertebrates. This allows us to reveal new theories on the kinship relationships of the galectins of Gnatostomata. In addition, we focus for the first time on the galectines of the Cyclostomata, which as a sister group of jawed vertebrates providing important insights into the evolutionary history of the entire subphylum. Our studies also highlight a previously neglected member of the galectin family, galectin-related protein 2. This protein appears to be a widespread ohnologue of the original tandem-repeat ancestor within Gnathostomata that has not been the focus of galectin research due to its nonclassical galactose binding sequence motif and the fact that it was lost during mammalian evolution.
Collapse
|
4
|
Cao S, Hu X, Ren S, Wang Y, Shao Y, Wu K, Yang Z, Yang W, He G, Li X. The biological role and immunotherapy of gangliosides and GD3 synthase in cancers. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1076862. [PMID: 36824365 PMCID: PMC9941352 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1076862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Gangliosides are a large subfamily of glycosphingolipids that broadly exist in the nervous system and interact with signaling molecules in the lipid rafts. GD3 and GD2 are two types of disialogangliosides (GDs) that include two sialic acid residues. The expression of GD3 and GD2 in various cancers is mostly upregulated and is involved in tumor proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and immune responses. GD3 synthase (GD3S, ST8SiaI), a subclass of sialyltransferases, regulates the biosynthesis of GD3 and GD2. GD3S is also upregulated in most tumors and plays an important role in the development and progression of tumors. Many clinical trials targeting GD2 are ongoing and various immunotherapy studies targeting gangliosides and GD3S are gradually attracting much interest and attention. This review summarizes the function, molecular mechanisms, and ongoing clinical applications of GD3, GD2, and GD3S in abundant types of tumors, which aims to provide novel targets for future cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shangqi Cao
- 1Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xu Hu
- 1Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shangqing Ren
- 2Robotic Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial Peoples Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaohui Wang
- 1Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanxiang Shao
- 1Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kan Wu
- 1Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- 3Department of Urology, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Weixiao Yang
- 1Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gu He
- 4State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China,*Correspondence: Gu He, ; Xiang Li,
| | - Xiang Li
- 1Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Gu He, ; Xiang Li,
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Huang J, Li M, Mei B, Li J, Zhu Y, Guo Q, Huang J, Zhang G. Whole-cell tumor vaccines desialylated to uncover tumor antigenic Gal/GalNAc epitopes elicit anti-tumor immunity. J Transl Med 2022; 20:496. [PMID: 36316782 PMCID: PMC9620617 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03714-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant sialoglycans on the surface of tumor cells shield potential tumor antigen epitopes, escape recognition, and suppress activation of immunocytes. α2,3/α2,6Gal- and α2,6GalNAc (Gal/GalNAc)-linked sialic acid residues of sialoglycans could affect macrophage galactose-type lectins (MGL) mediated-antigen uptake and presentation and promote sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (Siglecs) mediated-immunosuppression. Desialylating sialoglycans on tumor cells could present tumor antigens with Gal/GalNAc residues and overcome glyco-immune checkpoints. Thus, we explored whether vaccination with desialylated whole-cell tumor vaccines (DWCTVs) triggers anti-tumor immunity in ovarian cancer (OC). METHODS Sialic acid (Sia) and Gal/GalNAc residues on OC A2780, OVCAR3, and ID8 cells treated with α2-3 neuraminidase (α2-3NA) and α2-6NA, and Sigec-9 or Siglec-E and MGL on DCs pulsed with desialylated OC cells were identified using flow cytometry (FCM); RT-qPCR determined IFNG expression of T cells, TRBV was sequenced using Sanger sequencing and cytotoxicity of αβ T cells was measured with LDH assay; Anti-tumor immunity in vivo was validated via vaccination with desialylated whole-cell ID8 vaccine (ID8 DWCTVs). RESULTS Gal/GalNAc but not Sia residues were significantly increased in the desialylated OC cells. α2-3NA-modified DWCTV increased MGL but decreased Siglec-9 or Siglec E expression on DCs. MGLbright/Siglec-9dim DCs significantly up-regulated IFNG expression and CD4/CD8 ratio of T cells and diversified the TCR repertoire of αβ T-cells that showed enhanced cytotoxic activity. Vaccination with α2-3NA-modified ID8 DWCTVs increased MGLbright/Siglec-Edim DCs in draining lymph nodes, limited tumor growth, and extended survival in tumor-challenged mice. CONCLUSION Desialylated tumor cell vaccine could promote anti-tumor immunity and provide a strategy for OC immunotherapy in a clinical setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianmei Huang
- grid.54549.390000 0004 0369 4060School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Meiying Li
- grid.415880.00000 0004 1755 2258Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sichuan Cancer Institute, Chengdu, China
| | - Bingjie Mei
- grid.54549.390000 0004 0369 4060School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Junyang Li
- grid.54549.390000 0004 0369 4060School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- grid.54549.390000 0004 0369 4060Department of Ultrasound, Sichuan Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiaoshan Guo
- grid.415880.00000 0004 1755 2258Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sichuan Cancer Institute, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianming Huang
- grid.415880.00000 0004 1755 2258Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sichuan Cancer Institute, Chengdu, China
| | - Guonan Zhang
- grid.54549.390000 0004 0369 4060School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China ,grid.54549.390000 0004 0369 4060Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fliniaux I, Marchand G, Molinaro C, Decloquement M, Martoriati A, Marin M, Bodart JF, Harduin-Lepers A, Cailliau K. Diversity of sialic acids and sialoglycoproteins in gametes and at fertilization. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:982931. [PMID: 36340022 PMCID: PMC9630641 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.982931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Sialic acids are a family of 9-carbon monosaccharides with particular physicochemical properties. They modulate the biological functions of the molecules that carry them and are involved in several steps of the reproductive process. Sialoglycoproteins participate in the balance between species recognition and specificity, and the mechanisms of these aspects remain an issue in gametes formation and binding in metazoan reproduction. Sialoglycoproteins form a specific coat at the gametes surface and specific polysialylated chains are present on marine species oocytes. Spermatozoa are submitted to critical sialic acid changes in the female reproductive tract facilitating their migration, their survival through the modulation of the female innate immune response, and the final oocyte-binding event. To decipher the role of sialic acids in gametes and at fertilization, the dynamical changes of enzymes involved in their synthesis and removal have to be further considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Katia Cailliau
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Volkhina IV, Butolin EG. Clinical and Diagnostic Significance of Sialic Acids Determination in Biological Material. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) SUPPLEMENT. SERIES B, BIOMEDICAL CHEMISTRY 2022; 16:165-174. [PMID: 35990315 PMCID: PMC9377294 DOI: 10.1134/s199075082203012x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sialic acids (SA) are neuraminic acid derivatives, located at the terminal position in the chains of monosaccharide residues of various glycoconjugates. SA play a dual role: they either mask recognition sites, or, on the contrary, represent biological targets that can be recognized by receptor proteins and serve as ligands. The desialylation/sialylation processes can be considered as a dynamic modification regulated by sialyltransferases and sialidases in response to external or internal stimuli. This review describes the structural and functional diversity and the potential use of SA fractions as biomarkers for various pathological conditions. Almost any extreme impact on the body and inflammatory processes are accompanied by an increase in the level of both total and free SA in the blood and tissues. Possible reasons for the increase of sialoglycoconjugate metabolism indicators in biological material include: (i) activation of the hepatocyte synthesis and secretion of various acute-phase proteins, many of which are sialoglycoproteins, (ii) impaired membrane integrity and destruction of body cells, (iii) high activity of sialidases (neurominidases) and sialyltransferases. Most acute and chronic liver diseases are characterized by the decrease in the total level of SA in the blood serum (because many plasma proteins are synthesized and glycosylated in hepatocytes). Aberrant sialylation results in changes of sialoglycoconjugate structure, its ability to perform biological functions and sialoglycoconjugate half-life. Glycosylation is the most common post-translational modification of proteins in the virus, which not only promotes the formation of specific conformation of viral proteins, but also modulates their interaction with receptors and affects host cell recognition, viral replication and infectivity. Serum total SA concentration increases in some benign and inflammatory conditions, which indicates a lack of specificity and limits their use for early detection and screening of neoplastic diseases. Clinical and diagnostic value of determining the sialoglycoconjugate metabolic indicators, including changes in the content of both SA fractions and specific proteins in various biological fluids and tissues, consists in establishing the causes and mechanisms of biochemical changes in the body in certain diseases. In combination with the measurement of existing markers, they can be used to improve diagnosis, staging and monitoring of therapeutic response in some pathological conditions where the need for specificity is less than for specific diagnostics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I. V. Volkhina
- Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, ul. Litovskaya 2, 194100 St.Petersburg, Russia
| | - E. G. Butolin
- Izhevsk State Medical Academy, ul. Kommunarov 201, 426034 Izhevsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Volkhina IV, Butolin EG. [Clinical and diagnostic significance of sialic acids determination in biological material]. BIOMEDITSINSKAIA KHIMIIA 2022; 68:7-17. [PMID: 35221292 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20226801007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Sialic acids (SA) are derivatives of neuraminic acid; they are located at the terminal position in the chains of monosaccharide residues of various glycoconjugates. SA play a dual role, they either mask recognition sites, or, on the contrary, represent biological targets that can be recognized by receptor proteins and serve as ligands. The desialylation/sialylation processes can be viewed as a dynamic modification regulated by sialyltransferases and sialidases in response to external or internal stimuli. This review describes the structural and functional diversity and the potential use of SA fractions as biomarkers for various pathological conditions. Almost any extreme effects on the body and inflammatory processes lead to an increase in the level of both total and free SA in the blood and tissues. Possible reasons for the increase of sialoglycoconjugate metabolism indicators in biological material include activation of the hepatocyte synthesis and secretion of various acute-phase proteins, many of which are sialoglycoproteins, violation of the membrane integrity and destruction of body cells, and also high activity of sialidases (neurominidases) and sialyltransferases. Most acute and chronic liver diseases are characterized by the decrease in the total level of SA in the blood serum (because many plasma proteins are synthesized and glycosylated in hepatocytes). Aberrant sialylation results in changes of sialoglycoconjugate structure, its ability to perform biological functions and half-life. Glycosylation is the most common post-translational modification of proteins in the virus, which not only promotes the formation of specific conformation of viral proteins, but also modulates their interaction with receptors and affects host cell recognition, viral replication and infectivity. Serum total SA concentration increases in some benign and inflammatory conditions, which indicates a lack of specificity and limits their use for early detection and screening of neoplastic diseases. Nevertheless, determining blood SA level and measuring concentration of existing biomarkers can be used to improve diagnostic indicators, to stage and monitor therapeutic response in some types of cancer, when the need for specificity is less than for diagnosis. Clinical and diagnostic value of determining the sialoglycoconjugate metabolic indicators, including changes in the content of both SA fractions and specific proteins in various biological fluids and tissues, lies in establishing the causes and mechanisms of biochemical changes in the body in certain diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I V Volkhina
- Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - E G Butolin
- Izhevsk State Medical Academy, Izhevsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Villanueva-Cabello TM, Gutiérrez-Valenzuela LD, Salinas-Marín R, López-Guerrero DV, Martínez-Duncker I. Polysialic Acid in the Immune System. Front Immunol 2022; 12:823637. [PMID: 35222358 PMCID: PMC8873093 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.823637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Polysialic acid (polySia) is a highly regulated polymer of sialic acid (Sia) with such potent biophysical characteristics that when expressed drastically influences the interaction properties of cells. Although much of what is known of polySia in mammals has been elucidated from the study of its role in the central nervous system (CNS), polySia is also expressed in other tissues, including the immune system where it presents dynamic changes during differentiation, maturation, and activation of different types of immune cells of the innate and adaptive response, being involved in key regulatory mechanisms. At least six polySia protein carriers (CCR7, ESL-1, NCAM, NRP2, ST8Sia 2, and ST8Sia 4) are expressed in different types of immune cells, but there is still much to be explored in regard not only to the regulatory mechanisms that determine their expression and the structure of polySia chains but also to the identification of the cis- and trans- ligands of polySia that establish signaling networks. This review summarizes the current knowledge on polySia in the immune system, addressing its biosynthesis, its tools for identification and structural characterization, and its functional roles and therapeutic implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tania M. Villanueva-Cabello
- Laboratorio de Glicobiología Humana y Diagnóstico Molecular, Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Lya D. Gutiérrez-Valenzuela
- Laboratorio de Glicobiología Humana y Diagnóstico Molecular, Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Mexico
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Roberta Salinas-Marín
- Laboratorio de Glicobiología Humana y Diagnóstico Molecular, Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | | | - Iván Martínez-Duncker
- Laboratorio de Glicobiología Humana y Diagnóstico Molecular, Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Iván Martínez-Duncker,
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Cavalcante T, Medeiros MM, Mule SN, Palmisano G, Stolf BS. The Role of Sialic Acids in the Establishment of Infections by Pathogens, With Special Focus on Leishmania. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:671913. [PMID: 34055669 PMCID: PMC8155805 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.671913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrates or glycans are ubiquitous components of the cell surface which play crucial biological and structural roles. Sialic acids (Sias) are nine-carbon atoms sugars usually present as terminal residues of glycoproteins and glycolipids on the cell surface or secreted. They have important roles in cellular communication and also in infection and survival of pathogens. More than 20 pathogens can synthesize or capture Sias from their hosts and incorporate them into their own glycoconjugates and derivatives. Sialylation of pathogens’ glycoconjugates may be crucial for survival inside the host for numerous reasons. The role of Sias in protozoa such as Trypanosoma and Leishmania was demonstrated in previous studies. This review highlights the importance of Sias in several pathogenic infections, focusing on Leishmania. We describe in detail the contributions of Sias, Siglecs (sialic acid binding Ig-like lectins) and Neuraminidase 1 (NEU 1) in the course of Leishmania infection. A detailed view on the structural and functional diversity of Leishmania-related Sias and host-cell receptors will be provided, as well as the results of functional studies performed with different Leishmania species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tainá Cavalcante
- Laboratory of Leishmaniasis, Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Medina Medeiros
- Laboratory of Leishmaniasis, Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Simon Ngao Mule
- GlycoProteomics Laboratory, Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giuseppe Palmisano
- GlycoProteomics Laboratory, Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Simonsen Stolf
- Laboratory of Leishmaniasis, Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
The role of O-glycosylation in human disease. Mol Aspects Med 2021; 79:100964. [PMID: 33775405 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2021.100964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
O-glycosylation is a highly frequent post-translation modification of proteins, with important functional implications in both physiological and disease contexts. The biosynthesis of O-glycans depends on several layers of regulation of the cellular glycosylation machinery, being organ-, tissue- and cell-specific. This review provides insights on the molecular mechanism underlying O-glycan biosynthesis and modification, and highlights illustrative examples of diseases that are triggered or modulated by aberrant cellular O-glycosylation. Particular relevance is given to genetic disorders of glycosylation, infectious diseases and cancer. Finally, we address the potential of O-glycans and their biosynthetic pathways as targets for novel therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
|
12
|
Bordron A, Morel M, Bagacean C, Dueymes M, Pochard P, Harduin-Lepers A, Jamin C, Pers JO. Hyposialylation Must Be Considered to Develop Future Therapies in Autoimmune Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073402. [PMID: 33810246 PMCID: PMC8036829 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune disease development depends on multiple factors, including genetic and environmental. Abnormalities such as sialylation levels and/or quality have been recently highlighted. The adjunction of sialic acid at the terminal end of glycoproteins and glycolipids is essential for distinguishing between self and non-self-antigens and the control of pro- or anti-inflammatory immune reactions. In autoimmunity, hyposialylation is responsible for chronic inflammation, the anarchic activation of the immune system and organ lesions. A detailed characterization of this mechanism is a key element for improving the understanding of these diseases and the development of innovative therapies. This review focuses on the impact of sialylation in autoimmunity in order to determine future treatments based on the regulation of hyposialylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Bordron
- Univ Brest, Inserm, LBAI, UMR1227 Brest, France; (M.M.); (C.B.); (M.D.); (C.J.); (J.-O.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Marie Morel
- Univ Brest, Inserm, LBAI, UMR1227 Brest, France; (M.M.); (C.B.); (M.D.); (C.J.); (J.-O.P.)
| | - Cristina Bagacean
- Univ Brest, Inserm, LBAI, UMR1227 Brest, France; (M.M.); (C.B.); (M.D.); (C.J.); (J.-O.P.)
- CHU de Brest, Laboratory of Immunolgy, 29200 Brest, France;
| | - Maryvonne Dueymes
- Univ Brest, Inserm, LBAI, UMR1227 Brest, France; (M.M.); (C.B.); (M.D.); (C.J.); (J.-O.P.)
- CHU de Brest, Laboratory of Immunolgy, 29200 Brest, France;
| | - Pierre Pochard
- CHU de Brest, Laboratory of Immunolgy, 29200 Brest, France;
| | - Anne Harduin-Lepers
- Univ. Lille, CNRS UMR 8576—UGSF—Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, 59000 Lille, France;
| | - Christophe Jamin
- Univ Brest, Inserm, LBAI, UMR1227 Brest, France; (M.M.); (C.B.); (M.D.); (C.J.); (J.-O.P.)
- CHU de Brest, Laboratory of Immunolgy, 29200 Brest, France;
| | - Jacques-Olivier Pers
- Univ Brest, Inserm, LBAI, UMR1227 Brest, France; (M.M.); (C.B.); (M.D.); (C.J.); (J.-O.P.)
- CHU de Brest, Laboratory of Immunolgy, 29200 Brest, France;
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Shen Y, Feng Y, Li F, Jia Y, Peng Y, Zhao W, Hu J, He A. lncRNA ST3GAL6‑AS1 promotes invasion by inhibiting hnRNPA2B1‑mediated ST3GAL6 expression in multiple myeloma. Int J Oncol 2021; 58:5. [PMID: 33649796 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2021.5185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable disease caused by the infiltration of malignant plasma B cells into bone marrow, whose pathogenesis remains largely unknown. Long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as important factors in pathogenesis. Our previous study validated that lncRNA ST3 β‑galactoside α‑2,3‑sialyltransferase 6 antisense RNA 1 (ST3GAL6‑AS1) was upregulated markedly in MM. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms of ST3GAL6‑AS1 in MM cells. ST3GAL6‑AS1 expression levels in MM cells was detected using reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR. ST3GAL6‑AS1 antisense oligonucleotides and small interfering RNAs were transfected into MM cells to downregulate expression. In vitro assays were performed to investigate the functional role of ST3GAL6‑AS1 in MM cells. RNA pull‑down, RNA immunoprecipitation and comprehensive identification of RNA‑binding proteins using mass spectrometry assays were used to determine the mechanism of ST3GAL6‑AS1‑mediated regulation of underlying targets. It was reported that knockdown of ST3GAL6‑AS1 suppressed the adhesion, migration and invasion ability of MM cells in vitro. Expression of ST3GAL6 was significantly reduced when ST3GAL6‑AS1 was knock downed in MM cells. Moreover, mechanistic investigation showed that ST3GAL6‑AS1 could suppress ST3GAL6 mRNA degradation via interacting with heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2B1 (hnRNPA2B1). The present results suggested that upregulated lncRNA ST3GAL6‑AS1 promotes adhesion and invasion of MM cells by binding with hnRNPA2B1 to regulate ST3GAL6 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Shen
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Yuandong Feng
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Fangmei Li
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Yachun Jia
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Yue Peng
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Wanhong Zhao
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Jinsong Hu
- Health Science Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710001, P.R. China
| | - Aili He
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Enzymatic Synthesis of Glycans and Glycoconjugates. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 175:231-280. [PMID: 33052414 DOI: 10.1007/10_2020_148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Glycoconjugates have great potential to improve human health in a multitude of different ways and fields. Prominent examples are human milk oligosaccharides and glycosaminoglycans. The typical choice for the production of homogeneous glycoconjugates is enzymatic synthesis. Through the availability of expression and purification protocols, recombinant Leloir glycosyltransferases are widely applied as catalysts for the synthesis of a wide range of glycoconjugates. Extensive utilization of these enzymes also depends on the availability of activated sugars as building blocks. Multi-enzyme cascades have proven a versatile technique to synthesize and in situ regenerate nucleotide sugar.In this chapter, the functions and mechanisms of Leloir glycosyltransferases are revisited, and the advantage of prokaryotic sources and production systems is discussed. Moreover, in vivo and in vitro pathways for the synthesis of nucleotide sugar are reviewed. In the second part, recent and prominent examples of the application of Leloir glycosyltransferase are given, i.e., the synthesis of glycosaminoglycans, glycoconjugate vaccines, and human milk oligosaccharides as well as the re-glycosylation of biopharmaceuticals, and the status of automated glycan assembly is revisited.
Collapse
|
15
|
Mikolajczyk K, Kaczmarek R, Czerwinski M. How glycosylation affects glycosylation: the role of N-glycans in glycosyltransferase activity. Glycobiology 2020; 30:941-969. [PMID: 32363402 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwaa041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
N-glycosylation is one of the most important posttranslational modifications of proteins. It plays important roles in the biogenesis and functions of proteins by influencing their folding, intracellular localization, stability and solubility. N-glycans are synthesized by glycosyltransferases, a complex group of ubiquitous enzymes that occur in most kingdoms of life. A growing body of evidence shows that N-glycans may influence processing and functions of glycosyltransferases, including their secretion, stability and substrate/acceptor affinity. Changes in these properties may have a profound impact on glycosyltransferase activity. Indeed, some glycosyltransferases have to be glycosylated themselves for full activity. N-glycans and glycosyltransferases play roles in the pathogenesis of many diseases (including cancers), so studies on glycosyltransferases may contribute to the development of new therapy methods and novel glycoengineered enzymes with improved properties. In this review, we focus on the role of N-glycosylation in the activity of glycosyltransferases and attempt to summarize all available data about this phenomenon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Mikolajczyk
- Laboratory of Glycobiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Weigla 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Radoslaw Kaczmarek
- Laboratory of Glycobiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Weigla 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Czerwinski
- Laboratory of Glycobiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Weigla 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Qi F, Isaji T, Duan C, Yang J, Wang Y, Fukuda T, Gu J. ST3GAL3, ST3GAL4, and ST3GAL6 differ in their regulation of biological functions via the specificities for the α2,3-sialylation of target proteins. FASEB J 2019; 34:881-897. [PMID: 31914669 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901793r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The α2,3-sialylation of N-glycans is considered important but complicated because the functions of the three β-galactoside α2,3-sialyltransferases, ST3GAL3, ST3GAL4, and ST3GAL6, could be compensating for one another. To distinguish their specific functions, we established each individual knockout (KO) cell line. Loss of either the ST3GAL3 or ST3GAL6 genes decreased cell proliferation and colony formation, as opposed to the effect in the ST3GAL4 KO cells. The phosphorylation levels of ERK and AKT were significantly suppressed in the ST3GAL6 KO and ST3GAL3 KO cells, respectively. The cell aggregations were clearly observed in the KO cells, particularly the ST3GAL3 KO and ST3GAL6 KO cells, and the expression levels of E-cadherin and claudin-1 were enhanced in both those cell lines, but were suppressed in the ST3GAL4 KO cells. Those alterations were reversed with an overexpression of each corresponding gene in rescued cells. Of particular interest, the α2,3-sialylation levels of β1 integrin were clearly suppressed in the ST3GAL4 KO cells, but these were increased in the ST3GAL3 KO and ST3GAL6 KO cells, whereas the α2,3-sialylation levels of EGFR were significantly decreased in the ST3GAL6 KO cells. The decrease in α2,3-sialylation increased the α2,6-sialylation on β1, but not EGFR. Furthermore, a cross-restoration of each of the three genes in ST3GAL6 KO cells showed that overexpression of ST3GAL6 sufficiently rescued the total α2,3-sialylation levels, cell morphology, and α2,3-sialylation of EGFR, whereas the α2,3-sialylation levels of β1 were greatly enhanced by an overexpression of ST3GAL4. These results clearly demonstrate that the three α2,3-sialyltransferases modify characteristic target proteins and regulate cell biological functions in different ways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Qi
- Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Pharmacy, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng, China
| | - Tomoya Isaji
- Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Chengwei Duan
- Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Jie Yang
- Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yuqin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy College, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Tomohiko Fukuda
- Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Jianguo Gu
- Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hong S, Sahai-Hernandez P, Chapla DG, Moremen KW, Traver D, Wu P. Direct Visualization of Live Zebrafish Glycans via Single-Step Metabolic Labeling with Fluorophore-Tagged Nucleotide Sugars. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:14327-14333. [PMID: 31295389 PMCID: PMC6820142 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201907410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic turnover of cell-surface glycans is involved in a myriad of biological events, making this process an attractive target for in vivo molecular imaging. Metabolic glycan labeling coupled with bioorthogonal chemistry has paved the way for visualizing glycans in living organisms. However, a two-step labeling sequence is required, which suffers from the tissue-penetration difficulties of the imaging probes. Here, by exploring the substrate promiscuity of endogenous glycosyltransferases, we developed a single-step fluorescent glycan labeling strategy by using fluorophore-tagged analogues of the nucleotide sugars. Injecting fluorophore-tagged sialic acid and fucose into the yolk of zebrafish embryos at the one-cell stage enables systematic imaging of sialylation and fucosylation in live zebrafish embryos at distinct developmental stages. From these studies, we obtained insights into the role of sialylated and fucosylated glycans in zebrafish hematopoiesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Senlian Hong
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Pankaj Sahai-Hernandez
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | | | - Kelley W Moremen
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - David Traver
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hong S, Sahai‐Hernandez P, Chapla DG, Moremen KW, Traver D, Wu P. Direct Visualization of Live Zebrafish Glycans via Single‐Step Metabolic Labeling with Fluorophore‐Tagged Nucleotide Sugars. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201907410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Senlian Hong
- Department of Molecular Medicine The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Pankaj Sahai‐Hernandez
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine University of California at San Diego La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | | | - Kelley W. Moremen
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA
| | - David Traver
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine University of California at San Diego La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Molecular Medicine The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Houeix B, Cairns MT. Engineering of CHO cells for the production of vertebrate recombinant sialyltransferases. PeerJ 2019; 7:e5788. [PMID: 30775162 PMCID: PMC6375257 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sialyltransferases (SIATs) are a family of enzymes that transfer sialic acid (Sia) to glycan chains on glycoproteins, glycolipids, and oligosaccharides. They play key roles in determining cell–cell and cell-matrix interactions and are important in neuronal development, immune regulation, protein stability and clearance. Most fully characterized SIATs are of mammalian origin and these have been used for in vitro and in vivo modification of glycans. Additional versatility could be achieved by the use of animal SIATs from other species that live in much more variable environments. Our aim was to generate a panel of stable CHO cell lines expressing a range of vertebrate SIATs with different physicochemical and functional properties. Methods The soluble forms of various animal ST6Gal and ST3Gal enzymes were stably expressed from a Gateway-modified secretion vector in CHO cells. The secreted proteins were IMAC-purified from serum-free media. Functionality of the protein was initially assessed by lectin binding to the host CHO cells. Activity of purified proteins was determined by a number of approaches that included a phosphate-linked sialyltransferase assay, HILIC-HPLC identification of sialyllactose products and enzyme-linked lectin assay (ELLA). Results A range of sialyltransferase from mammals, birds and fish were stably expressed in CHO Flp-In cells. The stable cell lines expressing ST6Gal1 modify the glycans on the surface of the CHO cells as detected by fluorescently labelled lectin microscopy. The catalytic domains, as isolated by Ni Sepharose from culture media, have enzymatic activities comparable to commercial enzymes. Sialyllactoses were identified by HILIC-HPLC on incubation of the enzymes from lactose or whey permeate. The enzymes also increased SNA-I labelling of asialofetuin when incubated in a plate format. Conclusion Stable cell lines are available that may provide options for the in vivo sialylation of glycoproteins. Proteins are active and should display a variety of biological and physicochemical properties based on the animal source of the enzyme.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Houeix
- Glycoscience Group, National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Michael T Cairns
- Glycoscience Group, National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Novel Zebrafish Mono-α2,8-sialyltransferase (ST8Sia VIII): An Evolutionary Perspective of α2,8-Sialylation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030622. [PMID: 30709055 PMCID: PMC6387029 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian mono-α2,8-sialyltransferase ST8Sia VI has been shown to catalyze the transfer of a unique sialic acid residues onto core 1 O-glycans leading to the formation of di-sialylated O-glycosylproteins and to a lesser extent to diSia motifs onto glycolipids like GD1a. Previous studies also reported the identification of an orthologue of the ST8SIA6 gene in the zebrafish genome. Trying to get insights into the biosynthesis and function of the oligo-sialylated glycoproteins during zebrafish development, we cloned and studied this fish α2,8-sialyltransferase homologue. In situ hybridization experiments demonstrate that expression of this gene is always detectable during zebrafish development both in the central nervous system and in non-neuronal tissues. Intriguingly, using biochemical approaches and the newly developed in vitro MicroPlate Sialyltransferase Assay (MPSA), we found that the zebrafish recombinant enzyme does not synthetize diSia motifs on glycoproteins or glycolipids as the human homologue does. Using comparative genomics and molecular phylogeny approaches, we show in this work that the human ST8Sia VI orthologue has disappeared in the ray-finned fish and that the homologue described in fish correspond to a new subfamily of α2,8-sialyltransferase named ST8Sia VIII that was not maintained in Chondrichtyes and Sarcopterygii.
Collapse
|
21
|
Yamakawa N, Vanbeselaere J, Chang LY, Yu SY, Ducrocq L, Harduin-Lepers A, Kurata J, Aoki-Kinoshita KF, Sato C, Khoo KH, Kitajima K, Guerardel Y. Systems glycomics of adult zebrafish identifies organ-specific sialylation and glycosylation patterns. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4647. [PMID: 30405127 PMCID: PMC6220181 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06950-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of zebrafish Danio rerio as a versatile model organism provides the unique opportunity to monitor the functions of glycosylation throughout vertebrate embryogenesis, providing insights into human diseases caused by glycosylation defects. Using a combination of chemical modifications, enzymatic digestion and mass spectrometry analyses, we establish here the precise glycomic profiles of eight individual zebrafish organs and demonstrate that the protein glycosylation and glycosphingolipid expression patterns exhibits exquisite specificity. Concomitant expression screening of a wide array of enzymes involved in the synthesis and transfer of sialic acids shows that the presence of organ-specific sialylation motifs correlates with the localized activity of the corresponding glycan biosynthesis pathways. These findings provide a basis for the rational design of zebrafish lines expressing desired glycosylation profiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nao Yamakawa
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F- 59000, Lille, France.,Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Jorick Vanbeselaere
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F- 59000, Lille, France
| | - Lan-Yi Chang
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F- 59000, Lille, France.,Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Yi Yu
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F- 59000, Lille, France
| | - Lucie Ducrocq
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F- 59000, Lille, France
| | - Anne Harduin-Lepers
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F- 59000, Lille, France
| | - Junichi Kurata
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Soka University, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-8577, Japan
| | | | - Chihiro Sato
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Kay-Hooi Khoo
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Ken Kitajima
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Yann Guerardel
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F- 59000, Lille, France.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ghosh S. Sialylation and sialyltransferase in insects. Glycoconj J 2018; 35:433-441. [PMID: 30058043 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-018-9835-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Sialic acids are negatively charged nine carbon monosaccharides located terminally on glycoproteins and glycolipids that control cellular physiological processes. Sialylation is a post translational modification (ptm) regulated by enzymes and has been studied in prokaryotes including bacteria, dueterostomes including vertebrates, Cephalochordates, Ascidians, Echinoderms and protostomes including Molluscs and Arthropods and Plant. Although diverse structures of sialylated molecules have been reported in different organisms, unravelling sialylation in insect biology is a completely new domain. Within protostomes, the study of sialylation in members of Phylum Arthropoda and Class Insecta finds importance. Reports on sialylation in some insects exist. Genetically engineered components of sialylation pathway in Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) cell lines have enabled our understanding of sialylation and expression of mammalian proteins in insects. In this study we have summarised the finding on (i) sialylated molecules (ii) processes and enzymes involved (iii) function of sialylation (iv) genetic engineering approaches and generation of mammalian protein expression systems (v) a comparison of sialylation machinery in insects with that of mammals (vi) genes and transcriptional regulation in insects. At present no information on structural studies of insect sialyltransferase (STs) exist. We report minor differences in ST structure in insects on complete protein sequences recorded in Genbank through in silico approaches. An indepth study of all the components of the sialylation pathway in different insect species across different families and their evolutionary significance finds importance as the future scope of this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shyamasree Ghosh
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 752050, India. .,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400094, India.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Petit D, Teppa E, Cenci U, Ball S, Harduin-Lepers A. Reconstruction of the sialylation pathway in the ancestor of eukaryotes. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2946. [PMID: 29440651 PMCID: PMC5811610 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20920-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The biosynthesis of sialylated molecules of crucial relevance for eukaryotic cell life is achieved by sialyltransferases (ST) of the CAZy family GT29. These enzymes are widespread in the Deuterostoma lineages and more rarely described in Protostoma, Viridiplantae and various protist lineages raising the question of their presence in the Last eukaryotes Common Ancestor (LECA). If so, it is expected that the main enzymes associated with sialic acids metabolism are also present in protists. We conducted phylogenomic and protein sequence analyses to gain insights into the origin and ancient evolution of ST and sialic acid pathway in eukaryotes, Bacteria and Archaea. Our study uncovered the unreported occurrence of bacterial GT29 ST and evidenced the existence of 2 ST groups in the LECA, likely originating from the endosymbiotic event that generated mitochondria. Furthermore, distribution of the major actors of the sialic acid pathway in the different eukaryotic phyla indicated that these were already present in the LECA, which could also access to this essential monosaccharide either endogenously or via a sialin/sialidase uptake mechanism involving vesicles. This pathway was lost in several basal eukaryotic lineages including Archaeplastida despite the presence of two different ST groups likely assigned to other functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Petit
- Université de Limoges, Laboratoire Pereine 123, av. A. Thomas, 87060, Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Elin Teppa
- Bioinformatics Unit, Fundación Instituto Leloir -IIBBA CONICET, Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, C1405BWE, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ugo Cenci
- University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F 59000, Lille, France
- UGSF, Bât. C9, Université de Lille - Sciences et Technologies, 59655, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Steven Ball
- University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F 59000, Lille, France
- UGSF, Bât. C9, Université de Lille - Sciences et Technologies, 59655, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Anne Harduin-Lepers
- University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F 59000, Lille, France.
- UGSF, Bât. C9, Université de Lille - Sciences et Technologies, 59655, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Noel M, Gilormini P, Cogez V, Yamakawa N, Vicogne D, Lion C, Biot C, Guérardel Y, Harduin‐Lepers A. Probing the CMP-Sialic Acid Donor Specificity of Two Human β-d-Galactoside Sialyltransferases (ST3Gal I and ST6Gal I) Selectively Acting on O- and N-Glycosylproteins. Chembiochem 2017; 18:1251-1259. [PMID: 28395125 PMCID: PMC5499661 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Sialylation of glycoproteins and glycolipids is catalyzed by sialyltransferases in the Golgi of mammalian cells, whereby sialic acid residues are added at the nonreducing ends of oligosaccharides. Because sialylated glycans play critical roles in a number of human physio-pathological processes, the past two decades have witnessed the development of modified sialic acid derivatives for a better understanding of sialic acid biology and for the development of new therapeutic targets. However, nothing is known about how individual mammalian sialyltransferases tolerate and behave towards these unnatural CMP-sialic acid donors. In this study, we devised several approaches to investigate the donor specificity of the human β-d-galactoside sialyltransferases ST6Gal I and ST3Gal I by using two CMP-sialic acids: CMP-Neu5Ac, and CMP-Neu5N-(4pentynoyl)neuraminic acid (CMP-SiaNAl), an unnatural CMP-sialic acid donor with an extended and functionalized N-acyl moiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maxence Noel
- Université de LilleCNRSUMR 8576UGSFUnité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle59000LilleFrance
| | - Pierre‐André Gilormini
- Université de LilleCNRSUMR 8576UGSFUnité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle59000LilleFrance
| | - Virginie Cogez
- Université de LilleCNRSUMR 8576UGSFUnité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle59000LilleFrance
| | - Nao Yamakawa
- Université de LilleCNRSUMR 8576UGSFUnité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle59000LilleFrance
| | - Dorothée Vicogne
- Université de LilleCNRSUMR 8576UGSFUnité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle59000LilleFrance
| | - Cédric Lion
- Université de LilleCNRSUMR 8576UGSFUnité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle59000LilleFrance
| | - Christophe Biot
- Université de LilleCNRSUMR 8576UGSFUnité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle59000LilleFrance
| | - Yann Guérardel
- Université de LilleCNRSUMR 8576UGSFUnité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle59000LilleFrance
| | - Anne Harduin‐Lepers
- Université de LilleCNRSUMR 8576UGSFUnité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle59000LilleFrance
| |
Collapse
|