1
|
Chen L, Zhang Z, Chen K, Yu Y, Hu B, Song H, Liu X. Transcriptional Dynamics Induced by Diapause Hormone in the Silkworm, Bombyx mori. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:1313. [PMID: 36138792 PMCID: PMC9495520 DOI: 10.3390/biology11091313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Diapause is a form of dormancy that organisms use to adapt to extreme environments by exhibiting developmental arrest. In the silkworm, Bombyx mori, diapause is thought to be elicited by diapause hormone (DH) signaling, which consists of interactions between DH and the DH receptor (DHR). However, the steps downstream of the DH signaling pathway are largely unknown. In the present study, we directly injected synthesized DH into the female pupae of a multivoltine, non-diapausing strain at 36 h after pupation. We found that the mRNA level of DHR declined at 4 h and recovered at 12 h after the injection of DH. Thus, we sequenced the transcriptome of the ovaries at 4 h and 12 h after the injection of DH. We identified 60 and 221 differentially expressed genes at 4 h and 12 h after the injection, respectively. All DEGs were identified, relating to 20E-related genes, JH-related genes, cellular detoxification, ribosomal proteins, lipid metabolism, and epigenetic modifications. Eleven genes were selected from the above categories to verify the transcriptome data. The qRT-PCR and RNA-Seq expression patterns of the genes were consistent, which indicated the authenticity and reliability of the transcriptome data. This study dramatically expands upon our knowledge of gene expression variation at the early phase of DH release.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Zhongjie Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, The Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212100, China
| | - Kai Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, The Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212100, China
| | - Ye Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, The Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212100, China
| | - Hongsheng Song
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, The Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212100, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang YL, Huang Y, Wang PY, Li Q, Bi LH, Zhao AC, Xiang ZH, Long DP. Very Early Corona Treatment-Mediated Artificial Incubation of Silkworm Eggs and Germline Transformation of Diapause Silkworm Strains. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:843543. [PMID: 35223802 PMCID: PMC8874202 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.843543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diapause is an important biological characteristic for many insect species to adapt to adverse environmental conditions and maintain the continuity of the race. Compared with the traditional hydrochloric acid or/and cold storage treatment methods, the artificial corona incubation technology of silkworm (Bombyx mori) eggs has many advantages including, the absence of pollution, easy operation and safety. However, this technology has not yet been applied in sericulture. In this study, we developed a novel artificial corona instrument to successfully disrupt the diapause of newly laid and refrigerated eggs from various Chinese and Japanese lineage silkworm strains. Subsequently, we invented a very early corona treatment (VECT) strategy to prevent the diapause of newly laid silkworm eggs within 4 h of oviposition. The hatching rates of the larvae were more than 95% in all diapause silkworm strains, which was comparable to the effect of the traditional HCl treatment strategy. In addition, we developed a combination strategy of VECT and pre-blastoderm microinjection and successfully created transgenic silkworms in various diapause strains. The results of the current study can aid in improving the corona artificial incubation technology and promote its application in sericulture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Li Zhang
- Sericultural Research Institute, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Yang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Ping-Yang Wang
- Sericultural Research Institute, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Li-Hui Bi
- Sericultural Research Institute, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Ai-Chun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhong-Huai Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ding-Pei Long
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Ding-Pei Long,
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yang X, Zhang X, Liu Y, Yang D, Liu Z, Chen K, Tang L, Wang M, Hu Z, Zhang S, Huang Y. Transgenic genome editing-derived antiviral therapy to nucleopolyhedrovirus infection in the industrial strain of the silkworm. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 139:103672. [PMID: 34700022 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2021.103672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The silkworm (Bombyx mori) is a domesticated and economically important insect. During the whole growth period, silkworm suffers various pathogen infection. Nearly 80% of silk cocoon crop losses are attributed to viral diseases. The circular double-stranded DNA virus Bombyx mori nuclepolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) is the major viral pathogen responsible for massive silkworm death and huge economic losses in the sericulture industry. Up to now, almost all the new strategies for developing immunity against BmNPV are in laboratory strains because of the lack of transgenic technology in industrial silkworm strains. We previously demonstrated that modification of BmNPV genome DNA with the antivirus transgenic CRISPR/Cas9 system effectively improved the resistance of laboratory silkworm strains to viral pathogens. The industrial strains are monovoltine or bivoltine. It is very difficult to break the diapause before microinjection for genetic transformation. Here, we show that the anti-BmNPV transgenic CRISPR/Cas9 system also works in the industrial silkworm strain Jingsong. In this study, we successfully broke diapause and obtained generation-skipping embryos and constructed two TG Jingsong lines. Both lines exhibited significantly enhanced immunity to BmNPV without significant changes in most of the commercially important traits. These results demonstrate that the construction of TG silkworm lines carrying a heritable immune defense system against BmNPV could be an effective strategy to enhance the resistance of industrial silkworm strains to the most devastating DNA virus. The research opened a window for genetic modification of the important strains from laboratory strains to industrial strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Yujia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Dehong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Zulian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Linmeng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Manli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhihong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Shengxiang Zhang
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian Shandong, 271018, China.
| | - Yongping Huang
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang X, Du W, Zhang J, Zou Z, Ruan C. High-throughput profiling of diapause regulated genes from Trichogramma dendrolimi (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). BMC Genomics 2020; 21:864. [PMID: 33276726 PMCID: PMC7718664 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07285-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The parasitoid wasp, Trichogramma dendrolimi, can enter diapause at the prepupal stage. Thus, diapause is an efficient preservation method during the mass production of T. dendrolimi. Previous studies on diapause have mainly focused on ecological characteristics, so the molecular basis of diapause in T. dendrolimi is unknown. We compared transcriptomes of diapause and non-diapause T. dendrolimi to identify key genes and pathways involved in diapause development. Results Transcriptome sequencing was performed on diapause prepupae, pupae after diapause, non-diapause prepupae, and pupae. Analysis yielded a total of 87,022 transcripts with an average length of 1604 bp. By removing redundant sequences and those without significant BLAST hits, a non-redundant dataset was generated, containing 7593 sequences with an average length of 3351 bp. Among them, 5702 genes were differentially expressed. The result of Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed that regulation of transcription, DNA-templated, oxidation-reduction process, and signal transduction were significantly affected. Ten genes were selected for validation using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). The changes showed the same trend as between the qPCR and RNA-Seq results. Several genes were identified as involved in diapause, including ribosomal proteins, zinc finger proteins, homeobox proteins, forkhead box proteins, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase, Glutathione-S-transferase, p53, and DNA damage-regulated gene 1 (pdrg1). Genes related to lipid metabolism were also included. Conclusions We generated a large amount of transcriptome data from T. dendrolimi, providing a resource for future gene function research. The diapause-related genes identified help reveal the molecular mechanisms of diapause, in T. dendrolimi, and other insect species. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-020-07285-4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Natural Enemies, Institute of Biological Control, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Wenmei Du
- Engineering Research Center of Natural Enemies, Institute of Biological Control, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Natural Enemies, Institute of Biological Control, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Zhen Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insect and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Changchun Ruan
- Engineering Research Center of Natural Enemies, Institute of Biological Control, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gong J, Zheng X, Zhao S, Yang L, Xue Z, Fan Z, Tang M. Early Molecular Events during Onset of Diapause in Silkworm Eggs Revealed by Transcriptome Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176180. [PMID: 32867045 PMCID: PMC7503879 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Diapause is a form of dormancy, and Bombyx mori silkworm embryos are ideal models for studying diapause in insects. However, molecular events in eggs during the onset of diapause remain unclear. In this study, transcriptome analyses were performed on silkworm diapause eggs via RNA sequencing at 20 and 48 h after oviposition. A total of 6402 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected in diapause eggs at 48 h versus that at 20 h after oviposition. Gene ontology enrichment analysis showed that DEGs in diapause eggs at 48 h versus that at 20 h after oviposition were involved in ribosome-related metabolism and hydrogen transport. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis revealed several significantly enriched biological pathways, namely the oxidative phosphorylation, Forkhead box protein O3 (FoxO) signaling, ribosome, endoplasmic reticular protein processing, and autophagy pathways. Fifteen DEGs from the FoxO signaling pathway were selected, and their expression profiles were consistent with the transcriptome results from real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Our results can improve understanding of the diapause mechanism in silkworm eggs and identified key pathways for future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Gong
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-1521-316-8560
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|