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Cuello C, González-Plaza A, Cambra JM, Garcia-Canovas M, Parrilla I, Rodriguez-Martinez H, Gil MA, Martinez EA. Vitrification of pig embryos dysregulates the microRNA transcriptome profile. Theriogenology 2024; 226:243-252. [PMID: 38943899 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
This study examined how the vitrification of pig blastocysts using either the superfine open pulled straw (SOPS) or Cryotop method affects the expression profile of embryonic microRNA (miRNA) transcriptomes, as well as its relation to changes in the expression of target genes (TGs). Surgically collected pig blastocysts were vitrified using either the SOPS method (n = 60; 4-6 embryos/device) or the Cryotop system (n = 60; 20 embryos/device). Embryos were cultured in vitro for 24 h after warming. Fresh blastocysts (n = 60) cultured for 24 h served as controls. After in vitro culture, five pools of eight viable blastocysts from each group were prepared for miRNA expression analysis based on a microarray approach. Then, biological interpretation of miRNAs profiles and integrative analysis of miRNA and mRNA transcriptome data were performed. Survival after 24 h of in vitro culture was similar (>96 %) for both the vitrification systems and the control group (100 %). Compared with the controls, the SOPS-vitrified blastocysts had 94 (one upregulated and 93 downregulated) differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs, and the Cryotop-vitrified blastocysts had 174 DE miRNAs (one upregulated and 173 downregulated). One DE miRNA (miR-503) in the SOPS group and three DE miRNAs (miR-7139-3p, miR-214 and miR-885-3p) in the Cryotop group were annotated for Sus scrofa. The integrative analysis showed that 27 and 61 DE TGs were regulated by the DE miRNAs in blastocysts vitrified with the SOPS and Cryotop systems, respectively. The TGs enriched one pathway (the TGF-β signaling pathway) for the SOPS system and four pathways (HIF-1, Notch, ascorbate and aldarate metabolism and glycosphingolipid biosynthesis-ganglio series) for the Cryotop system. In summary, vitrification via the SOPS and Cryotop systems dysregulates miRNAs, with slight differences between methods. The altered miRNAs identified in this study were related mainly to cell proliferation, apoptosis, and the response to cell stress. Further studies are needed to clarify the consequences of dysregulation of miRNAs involved in the TGF-β (SOPS-vitrified blastocyst) and Notch (Cryotop-vitrified blastocyst) signaling pathways, particularly if they can affect embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Cuello
- Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research "Campus Mare Nostrum", Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Alejandro González-Plaza
- Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research "Campus Mare Nostrum", Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Josep M Cambra
- Large Animal Models in Cardiovascular Research, Internal Medical Department I, TUMunich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Manuela Garcia-Canovas
- Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research "Campus Mare Nostrum", Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Parrilla
- Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research "Campus Mare Nostrum", Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Heriberto Rodriguez-Martinez
- Department of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences (BKV), BKH/Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-58185 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Maria A Gil
- Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research "Campus Mare Nostrum", Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Emilio A Martinez
- Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research "Campus Mare Nostrum", Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
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Rose F, Köberle B, Honnen S, Bay C, Burhenne J, Weiss J, Haefeli WE, Theile D. RNA is a pro-apoptotic target of cisplatin in cancer cell lines and C. elegans. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116450. [PMID: 38503239 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin not only targets DNA but also RNA. However, it is largely unknown whether platinated RNA (Pt-RNA) causes apoptosis and thus contributes to the cytotoxic effects of cisplatin. Consequently, cellular RNA was isolated from HepG2 and LS180 cells, exposed to cisplatin, and the resulting Pt-RNA (20 ng Pt/µg RNA) was transfected into these cancer cell lines or used to treat an apoptosis reporter Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) strain (MD701, expressing CED-1::GFP). Cellular and molecular effects of Pt-RNA were evaluated by luminogenic caspase 3/7 assays, PCR array analysis, and fluorescence microscopy-based quantification of apoptosis in C. elegans gonads. Assuming RNA cross-linking (pseudo double-stranded RNA), the contribution of the Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3, a sensor of double-stranded RNA) to apoptosis induction in cancer cell lines was investigated by pharmacological TLR3 inhibition and overexpression. In contrast to controls, Pt-RNA significantly enhanced apoptosis in C. elegans (2-fold) and in the cancer cell lines (2-fold to 4-fold). TLR3 overexpression significantly enhanced the pro-apoptotic effects of Pt-RNA in HepG2 cells. TLR3 inhibition reduced the pro-apoptotic effects of Pt-RNA and cisplatin, but not of paclitaxel (off-target control). Gene expression analysis showed that Pt-RNA (but not RNA) significantly enhanced the mRNA levels of nuclear factor kappa B subunit 2 and interleukin-8 in HepG2 cells, suggesting that Pt-RNA is a damage-associated molecular pattern that additionally causes pro-inflammatory responses. Together, this data suggests that not only DNA but also cellular RNA is a functionally relevant target of cisplatin, leading to pro-apoptotic and immunogenic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Rose
- University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty of Heidelberg, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Beate Köberle
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Adenauerring 20A, Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
| | - Sebastian Honnen
- Institute of Toxicology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Cindy Bay
- University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty of Heidelberg, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Jürgen Burhenne
- University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty of Heidelberg, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Johanna Weiss
- University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty of Heidelberg, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Walter E Haefeli
- University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty of Heidelberg, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Dirk Theile
- University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty of Heidelberg, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.
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Wang L, Wang X, Zhu X, Zhong L, Jiang Q, Wang Y, Tang Q, Li Q, Zhang C, Wang H, Zou D. Drug resistance in ovarian cancer: from mechanism to clinical trial. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:66. [PMID: 38539161 PMCID: PMC10976737 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-01967-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of gynecological cancer-related death. Drug resistance is the bottleneck in ovarian cancer treatment. The increasing use of novel drugs in clinical practice poses challenges for the treatment of drug-resistant ovarian cancer. Continuing to classify drug resistance according to drug type without understanding the underlying mechanisms is unsuitable for current clinical practice. We reviewed the literature regarding various drug resistance mechanisms in ovarian cancer and found that the main resistance mechanisms are as follows: abnormalities in transmembrane transport, alterations in DNA damage repair, dysregulation of cancer-associated signaling pathways, and epigenetic modifications. DNA methylation, histone modifications and noncoding RNA activity, three key classes of epigenetic modifications, constitute pivotal mechanisms of drug resistance. One drug can have multiple resistance mechanisms. Moreover, common chemotherapies and targeted drugs may have cross (overlapping) resistance mechanisms. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can interfere with and thus regulate the abovementioned pathways. A subclass of miRNAs, "epi-miRNAs", can modulate epigenetic regulators to impact therapeutic responses. Thus, we also reviewed the regulatory influence of miRNAs on resistance mechanisms. Moreover, we summarized recent phase I/II clinical trials of novel drugs for ovarian cancer based on the abovementioned resistance mechanisms. A multitude of new therapies are under evaluation, and the preliminary results are encouraging. This review provides new insight into the classification of drug resistance mechanisms in ovarian cancer and may facilitate in the successful treatment of resistant ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Specialized Medical Research Center of Ovarian Cancer, Chongqing, China
- Organoid Transformational Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Specialized Medical Research Center of Ovarian Cancer, Chongqing, China
- Organoid Transformational Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xueping Zhu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Specialized Medical Research Center of Ovarian Cancer, Chongqing, China
- Organoid Transformational Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Zhong
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Specialized Medical Research Center of Ovarian Cancer, Chongqing, China
- Organoid Transformational Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingxiu Jiang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Specialized Medical Research Center of Ovarian Cancer, Chongqing, China
- Organoid Transformational Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Specialized Medical Research Center of Ovarian Cancer, Chongqing, China
- Organoid Transformational Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Qin Tang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Specialized Medical Research Center of Ovarian Cancer, Chongqing, China
- Organoid Transformational Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiaoling Li
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Specialized Medical Research Center of Ovarian Cancer, Chongqing, China
- Organoid Transformational Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Chongqing Specialized Medical Research Center of Ovarian Cancer, Chongqing, China
- Organoid Transformational Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Haixia Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China.
- Chongqing Specialized Medical Research Center of Ovarian Cancer, Chongqing, China.
- Organoid Transformational Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China.
| | - Dongling Zou
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China.
- Chongqing Specialized Medical Research Center of Ovarian Cancer, Chongqing, China.
- Organoid Transformational Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China.
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Al-Sisan SM, Zihlif MA, Hammad HM. Differential miRNA expression of hypoxic MCF7 and PANC-1 cells. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1110743. [PMID: 37583428 PMCID: PMC10424510 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1110743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hypoxia plays a critical role in the tumor microenvironment by affecting cellular proliferation, metabolism, apoptosis, DNA repair, and chemoresistance. Since hypoxia provokes a distinct shift of microRNA, it is important to illustrate the relative contribution of each hypoxamiR to cancer progression. Aims The present study aims to shed light on the hypoxamiRs that are involved in pancreatic and breast cancer progression to highlight novel targets for the development of new therapies. Methods For 20 cycles, MCF7 breast cancer cells and PANC-1 pancreatic cancer cells were subjected to chronic cyclic hypoxia, which consisted of 72 hours of hypoxia followed by 24 hours of reoxygenation. After 10 and 20 cycles of hypoxia, miRNA expression alterations were profiled using RT-PCR array and further analyzed using a visual analytics platform. The MTT cell proliferation assay was used to determine hypoxic cells' chemoresistance to doxorubicin. Results Under chronic cyclic hypoxia, hypoxic PANC-1 cells have a comparable doubling time with their normoxic counterparts, whereas hypoxic MCF7 cells show a massive increase in doubling time when compared to their normoxic counterparts. Both hypoxic cell lines developed EMT-like phenotypes as well as doxorubicin resistance. According to the findings of miRNet, 6 and 10 miRNAs were shown to play an important role in enriching six hallmarks of pancreatic cancer in the 10th and 20th cycles of hypoxia, respectively, while 7 and 11 miRNAs were shown to play an important role in enriching the four hallmarks of breast cancer in the 10th and 20th cycles of hypoxia, respectively. Conclusions miR-221, miR-21, miR-155, and miR-34 were found to be involved in the potentiation of hypoxic PANC-1 hallmarks at both the 10th and 20th cycles, while miR-93, miR-20a, miR-15, and miR-17 were found to be involved in the potentiation of hypoxic MCF7 hallmarks at both the 10th and 20th cycles. This variation in miRNA expression was also connected to the emergence of an EMT-like phenotype, alterations in proliferation rates, and doxorubicin resistance. The chemosensitivity results revealed that chronic cyclic hypoxia is critical in the formation of chemoresistant phenotypes in pancreatic and breast cancer cells. miR-181a and let-7e expression disparities in PANC1, as well as miR-93, miR-34, and miR-27 expression disparities in MCF7, may be associated with the formation of chemoresistant MCF7 and PANC-1 cells following 20 cycles of chronic cyclic hypoxia. Indeed, further research is needed since the particular mechanisms that govern these processes are unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandy M. Al-Sisan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Malek A. Zihlif
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Hana M. Hammad
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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Non-coding RNAs in radiotherapy resistance: Roles and therapeutic implications in gastrointestinal cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114485. [PMID: 36917887 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy has become an indispensable and conventional means for patients with advanced solid tumors including gastrointestinal cancer. However, innate or acquired radiotherapy resistance remains a significant challenge and greatly limits the therapeutic effect, which results in cancer relapse and poor prognosis. Therefore, it is an urgent need to identify novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for clarify the biological characteristics and mechanism of radiotherapy resistance. Recently, lots of studies have revealed that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are the potential indicators and regulators of radiotherapy resistance via the mediation of various targets/pathways in different cancers. These findings may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy to overcome radiotherapy resistance. In this review, we will shed light on the recent findings regarding the functions and regulatory mechanisms of ncRNAs following radiotherapy, and comprehensively discuss their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in radiotherapy resistance of gastrointestinal cancer.
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Chen B, Li D, Ran B, Zhang P, Wang T. Key miRNAs and Genes in the High-Altitude Adaptation of Tibetan Chickens. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:911685. [PMID: 35909692 PMCID: PMC9330022 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.911685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tibetan chickens living at high altitudes show specific physiological adaptations to the extreme environmental conditions. However, the regulated base of how chickens adapt to high-altitude habitats remains largely unknown. In this study, we sequenced 96 transcriptomes (including 48 miRNA and 48 mRNA transcriptomes of heart, liver, lung, and brain) and resequenced 12 whole genomes of Tibetan chickens and Peng'xian yellow chickens. We found that several miRNAs show the locally optimal plastic changes that occurred in miRNAs of chickens, such as miR-10c-5p, miR-144-3p, miR-3536, and miR-499-5p. These miRNAs could have effects on early adaption to the high-altitude environment of chickens. In addition, the genes under selection between Tibetan chickens and Peng'xian yellow chickens were mainly related to oxygen transport and oxidative stress. The I-kappa B kinase/NF-kappa B signaling pathway is widely found for high-altitude adaptation in Tibetan chickens. The candidate differentially expressed miRNAs and selected genes identified in this study may be useful in current breeding efforts to develop improved breeds for the highlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binlong Chen
- College of Animal Science, Xichang University, Xichang, China
| | - Diyan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Diyan Li
| | - Bo Ran
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Pu Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- Tao Wang
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Crosstalk between Long Non Coding RNAs, microRNAs and DNA Damage Repair in Prostate Cancer: New Therapeutic Opportunities? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030755. [PMID: 35159022 PMCID: PMC8834032 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Non-coding RNAs are a type of genetic material that doesn’t make protein, but performs diverse regulatory functions. In prostate cancer, most treatments target proteins, and resistance to such therapies is common, leading to disease progression. Targeting non-coding RNAs may provide alterative treatment options and potentially overcome drug resistance. Major types of non-coding RNAs include tiny ‘microRNAs’ and much longer ‘long non-coding RNAs’. Scientific studies have shown that these form a major part of the human genome, and play key roles in altering gene activity and determining the fate of cells. Importantly, in cancer, their activity is altered. Recent evidence suggests that microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs play important roles in controlling response to DNA damage. In this review, we explore how different types of non-coding RNA interact to control cell DNA damage responses, and how this knowledge may be used to design better prostate cancer treatments and tests. Abstract It is increasingly appreciated that transcripts derived from non-coding parts of the human genome, such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs), are key regulators of biological processes both in normal physiology and disease. Their dysregulation during tumourigenesis has attracted significant interest in their exploitation as novel cancer therapeutics. Prostate cancer (PCa), as one of the most diagnosed malignancies and a leading cause of cancer-related death in men, continues to pose a major public health problem. In particular, survival of men with metastatic disease is very poor. Defects in DNA damage response (DDR) pathways culminate in genomic instability in PCa, which is associated with aggressive disease and poor patient outcome. Treatment options for metastatic PCa remain limited. Thus, researchers are increasingly targeting ncRNAs and DDR pathways to develop new biomarkers and therapeutics for PCa. Increasing evidence points to a widespread and biologically-relevant regulatory network of interactions between lncRNAs and miRNAs, with implications for major biological and pathological processes. This review summarises the current state of knowledge surrounding the roles of the lncRNA:miRNA interactions in PCa DDR, and their emerging potential as predictive and diagnostic biomarkers. We also discuss their therapeutic promise for the clinical management of PCa.
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da Silveira WA, Renaud L, Hazard ES, Hardiman G. miRNA and lncRNA Expression Networks Modulate Cell Cycle and DNA Repair Inhibition in Senescent Prostate Cells. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13020208. [PMID: 35205253 PMCID: PMC8872619 DOI: 10.3390/genes13020208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a state of permanent growth arrest that arises once cells reach the limit of their proliferative capacity. It creates an inflammatory microenvironment favouring the initiation and progression of various age-related diseases, including prostate cancer. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as important regulators of cellular gene expression. Nonetheless, very little is known about the interplay of microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and how deregulation of ncRNA networks promotes cellular senescence. To investigate this, human prostate epithelial cells were cultured through different passages until senescent, and their RNA was extracted and sequenced using RNA sequencing (RNAseq) and microRNA sequencing (miRNA-seq) miRNAseq. Differential expression (DE) gene analysis was performed to compare senescent and proliferating cells with Limma, miRNA-target interactions with multiMiR, lncRNA-target interactions using TCGA data and network evaluation with miRmapper. We found that miR-335-3p, miR-543 and the lncRNAs H19 and SMIM10L2A all play central roles in the regulation of cell cycle and DNA repair processes. Expression of most genes belonging to these pathways were down-regulated by senescence. Using the concept of network centrality, we determined the top 10 miRNAs and lncRNAs, with miR-335-3p and H19 identified as the biggest hubs for miRNAs and lncRNA respectively. These ncRNAs regulate key genes belonging to pathways involved in cell senescence and prostate cancer demonstrating their central role in these processes and opening the possibility for their use as biomarkers or therapeutic targets to mitigate against prostate ageing and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willian A. da Silveira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Science Centre, School of Health, Science and Wellbeing, Staffordshire University, Leek Road, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 2DF, UK;
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, Institute for Global Food Security (IGFS), School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK
| | - Ludivine Renaud
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, MSC 403, 171 Ashley Ave Suite 419, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (L.R.); (E.S.H.)
| | - Edward S. Hazard
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, MSC 403, 171 Ashley Ave Suite 419, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (L.R.); (E.S.H.)
| | - Gary Hardiman
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, Institute for Global Food Security (IGFS), School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, MSC 403, 171 Ashley Ave Suite 419, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (L.R.); (E.S.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)-28-9097-6514
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Liu T, Wu DM, Zhang F, Zhang T, He M, Zhao YY, Li J, Li L, Xu Y. miR-142a-3p enhances FlaA N/C protection against radiation-mediated intestinal injury by modulating IRAK1/NF-κB signaling pathway. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021; 112:1256-1268. [PMID: 34906656 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the role of FlaA N/C protein-mediated pyroptosis inhibition and related miRNA in radiation protection. METHODS AND MATERIALS Mice received 10 Gy irradiation after FlaA N/C pretreatment, IRAK-1/4 Inhibitor I treatment, or PDTC treatment. Human intestinal epithelial cells (HIEC) cells received 10 Gy irradiation after FlaA N/C pretreatment, overexpressed miR-142a-3p with miR-142a-3p mimics, or inhibited miR-142a-3p with miR-142a-3p inhibitor. Mouse & Rat miRNA OneArray determined the change of relevant miRNA after FlaA N/C pretreatment, real-time PCR detected IRAK1 and miR-142a-3p expression, a CCK-8 assay evaluated cell viability, and LDH release analyzed cytotoxicity; caspase-1 activity assay, IL-1β level, and flow cytometry analyzed pyroptosis in cells; HE staining evaluated the damage of intestinal tissue; CO-IP detected the inflammation activation; immunohistochemistry, western blot analysis, and immunofluorescence analyzed activation of pyroptosis-related proteins and the activation of NF-kB signaling pathways, and Luciferase reporter assay and FISH detected the interaction between miR-142a-3p and IRAK1. RESULTS FlaA N/C reduced radiation-induced pyroptosis in vivo and in vitro, miR-142a-3p expression increased after FlaA N/C pretreatment. Up regulating the expression of miR-142a-3p inhibited radiation-induced pyroptosis in HIEC, and down regulating the expression of miR-142a-3p led to radiation-induced pyroptosis in HIEC after FlaA N/C pretreatment. IRAK1 was a direct target of miR-142a-3p and played an important role in radiation-induced pyroptosis in HIEC. Inhibiting IRAK1 reduced radiation-mediated pyroptosis in mice intestines. MiR-142a-3p down regulated IRAK1 and suppressed the NF-kB pathway. Inhibiting the NF-kB signaling pathway can reduce radiation-mediated pyroptosis in mice intestines. CONCLUSION Our findings indicated this new radioprotectant protein regulates miR-142a-3p, effectively inhibiting radiation-induced pyroptosis mediated by the IRAK1/NF-κB signaling pathway in intestinal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College; The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College
| | - Dong-Ming Wu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College; The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College
| | - Feng Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College; The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College
| | - Ting Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College; The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College
| | - Miao He
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College; The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College
| | - Yang-Yang Zhao
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College; The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College
| | - Jin Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College; The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College
| | - Li Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College; The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College
| | - Ying Xu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College; The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College; School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, P.R. China.
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10
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Putative role of uncoupling proteins in mitochondria-nucleus communications and DNA damage response. J Biosci 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-021-00224-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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11
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Footprints of microRNAs in Cancer Biology. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101494. [PMID: 34680611 PMCID: PMC8533183 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs involved in post-transcriptional gene regulation. Over the past years, various studies have demonstrated the role of aberrant miRNA expression in the onset of cancer. The mechanisms by which miRNA exerts its cancer-promoting or inhibitory effects are apparent through the various cancer hallmarks, which include selective proliferative advantage, altered stress response, vascularization, invasion and metastasis, metabolic rewiring, the tumor microenvironment and immune modulation; therefore, this review aims to highlight the association between miRNAs and the various cancer hallmarks by dissecting the mechanisms of miRNA regulation in each hallmark separately. It is hoped that the information presented herein will provide further insights regarding the role of cancer and serve as a guideline to evaluate the potential of microRNAs to be utilized as biomarkers and therapeutic targets on a larger scale in cancer research.
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12
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Torki Z, Ghavi D, Hashemi S, Rahmati Y, Rahmanpour D, Pornour M, Alivand MR. The related miRNAs involved in doxorubicin resistance or sensitivity of various cancers: an update. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2021; 88:771-793. [PMID: 34510251 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-021-04337-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is an effective chemotherapy agent against a wide variety of tumors. However, intrinsic or acquired resistance diminishes the sensitivity of cancer cells to DOX, which leads to a cancer relapse and treatment failure. Resolutions to this challenge includes identification of the molecular pathways underlying DOX sensitivity/resistance and the development of innovative techniques to boost DOX sensitivity. DOX is classified as a Topoisomerase II poison, which is cytotoxic to rapidly dividing tumor cells. Molecular mechanisms responsible for DOX resistance include effective DNA repair and resumption of cell proliferation, deregulated development of cancer stem cell and epithelial to mesenchymal transition, and modulation of programmed cell death. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to potentiate the reversal of DOX resistance as they have gene-specific regulatory functions in DOX-responsive molecular pathways. Identifying the dysregulation patterns of miRNAs for specific tumors following treatment with DOX facilitates the development of novel combination therapies, such as nanoparticles harboring miRNA or miRNA inhibitors to eventually prevent DOX-induced chemoresistance. In this article, we summarize recent findings on the role of miRNAs underlying DOX sensitivity/resistance molecular pathways. Also, we provide latest strategies for utilizing deregulated miRNA patterns as biomarkers or miRNAs as tools to overcome chemoresistance and enhance patient's response to DOX treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Torki
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Davood Ghavi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Solmaz Hashemi
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yazdan Rahmati
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Dara Rahmanpour
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Pornour
- Department of Photo Healing and Regeneration, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Reza Alivand
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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13
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Lin W, Zou H, Mo J, Jin C, Jiang H, Yu C, Jiang Z, Yang Y, He B, Wang K. Micro1278 Leads to Tumor Growth Arrest, Enhanced Sensitivity to Oxaliplatin and Vitamin D and Inhibits Metastasis via KIF5B, CYP24A1, and BTG2, Respectively. Front Oncol 2021; 11:637878. [PMID: 33791222 PMCID: PMC8006274 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.637878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common cancer type in the digestive tract. Chemotherapy drugs, such as oxaliplatin, are frequently administered to CRC patients diagnosed with advanced or metastatic disease. A better understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying CRC tumorigenesis and the identification of optimal biomarkers for assessing chemotherapy sensitivity are essential for the treatment of CRC. Various microRNAs, constituting class of non-coding RNAs with 20-22 nucleotides, have served as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in CRC. We analyzed miR-1278 expression in clinical samples by qRT-PCR. We then explored the role of miR-1278 in CRC growth in vitro and in vivo as well as sensitivity to oxaliplatin via RNA-seq and gain- and loss-of-function assays. We found that miR-1278 was downregulated in CRC samples, correlating with advanced clinical stage, and overexpression of miR-1278 led to tumor growth arrest and increased sensitivity to oxaliplatin via enhanced apoptosis and DNA damage. Suppression of KIF5B by miR-1278 through direct binding to its 3′UTR was the mechanism for the miR-1278-mediated effects in CRC, miR-1278 inhibits metastasis of CRC through upregulation of BTG2. Additionally, we also found that the expression of CYP24A1, the main enzyme determining the biological half-life of calcitriol, was significantly inhibited by miR-1278, according to data from clinical, RNA-seq and functional assays, which allowed miR-1278 to sensitize CRC cells to vitamin D. In summary, our data demonstrated that miR-1278 may serve as a potential tumor suppressor gene and biomarker for determining sensitivity to oxaliplatin and vitamin D in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China.,Taizhou Key Laboratory of General Surgery, Taizhou, China
| | - Heng Zou
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jinggang Mo
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China.,Taizhou Key Laboratory of General Surgery, Taizhou, China
| | - Chong Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China.,Taizhou Key Laboratory of General Surgery, Taizhou, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China.,Taizhou Key Laboratory of General Surgery, Taizhou, China
| | - Chengyang Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China.,Taizhou Key Laboratory of General Surgery, Taizhou, China
| | - Zufu Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China.,Taizhou Key Laboratory of General Surgery, Taizhou, China
| | - Yusha Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China.,Taizhou Key Laboratory of General Surgery, Taizhou, China
| | - Bin He
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China.,Taizhou Key Laboratory of General Surgery, Taizhou, China
| | - Kunpeng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China.,Taizhou Key Laboratory of General Surgery, Taizhou, China
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14
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Macovei A, Rubio-Somoza I, Paiva JAP, Araújo S, Donà M. Editorial: MicroRNA Signatures in Plant Genome Stability and Genotoxic Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:683302. [PMID: 33968124 PMCID: PMC8100575 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.683302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anca Macovei
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- *Correspondence: Anca Macovei
| | - Ignacio Rubio-Somoza
- Molecular Reprogramming and Evolution Laboratory (MoRE), Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jorge Almiro Pinto Paiva
- Institute of Plant Genetics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Susana Araújo
- Association BLC3, Technology and Innovation Campus, Centre BIO–R&D Unit, Lagares da Beira, Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Mattia Donà
- Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria
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15
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Shahabi A, Naghili B, Ansarin K, Montazeri M, Dadashpour M, Zarghami N. Let-7d and miR-185 Impede Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition by Downregulating Rab25 in Breast Cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2021; 22:305-313. [PMID: 33507713 PMCID: PMC8184182 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2021.22.1.305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) expression has deregulated in several cancer types including breast cancer (BC). The present study aims at investigating the role, mechanism, clinical value of let-7d and miR-185 in BC, and the possible correlation these miRNAs with Rab25. Materials and Methods: Tumor samples as well adjacent normal tissues (ANT) were acquired from fresh surgical specimens from 110 patients and the expression levels of let-7d, miR-185, Rab25, and snail were evaluated using real-time PCR. The immunohistochemical (IHC) process and western blot were done to detect the level of Rab25 and Snail protein expression in BC samples. Results: By comparing miRNAs expression profiles in clinical tissues of 110 patients using real-time PCR, let-7d, and miR-185 expression were dramatically downregulated in BC tissues (P < 0.05). Tumor size, stage, and lymph node metastasis were significantly related to miRNAs expression. Based on qRT-PCR and bioinformatics database analyses, we also recognized Rab25 as a possible target of miR-185 and let-7d. Rab25 expression was enhanced in BC cells and associated inversely with the expression level of mentioned miRNAs. qRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, and western blot studies verified that Rab25 upregulation increased the levels of the snail, that key transcription factor of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Conclusion: These findings demonstrated that let-7d and miR-185 inhibited EMT by targeting Rab25 expression in BC. Therefore, targeting the let-7d and miR-185/Rab25 interaction may offer new therapeutic opportunities for treating BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arman Shahabi
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behrooz Naghili
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Khalil Ansarin
- Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Montazeri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Dadashpour
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nosratollah Zarghami
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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16
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Hydrogen peroxide and Helicobacter pylori extract treatment combined with APE1 knockdown induce DNA damage, G2/M arrest and cell death in gastric cancer cell line. DNA Repair (Amst) 2020; 96:102976. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2020.102976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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17
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Lung RWM, Tong JHM, Ip LM, Lam KH, Chan AWH, Chak WP, Chung LY, Yeung WW, Hau PM, Chau SL, Tsao SW, Lau KM, Lo KW, To KF. EBV-encoded miRNAs can sensitize nasopharyngeal carcinoma to chemotherapeutic drugs by targeting BRCA1. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:13523-13535. [PMID: 33074587 PMCID: PMC7701581 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV)‐associated epithelial malignancy. The high expression of BART‐miRNAs (miR‐BARTs) during latent EBV infection in NPC strongly supports their pathological importance in cancer progression. Recently, we found that several BART‐miRNAs work co‐operatively to modulate the DNA damage response (DDR) by reducing Ataxia‐telangiectasia‐mutated (ATM) activity. In this study, we further investigated the role of miR‐BARTs on DDR. The immunohistochemical study showed that the DNA repair gene, BRCA1, is consistently down‐regulated in primary NPCs. Using computer prediction programs and a series of reporter assays, we subsequently identified the negative regulatory role of BART2‐3p, BART12, BART17‐5p and BART19‐3p in BRCA1 expression. The ectopic expression of these four miR‐BARTs suppressed endogenous BRCA1 expression in EBV‐negative epithelial cell lines, whereas BRCA1 expression was enhanced by repressing endogenous miR‐BARTs activities in C666‐1 cells. More importantly, suppressing BRCA1 expression in nasopharyngeal epithelial cell lines using miR‐BART17‐5p and miR‐BART19‐3p mimics reduced the DNA repair capability and increased the cell sensitivity to the DNA‐damaging chemotherapeutic drugs, cisplatin and doxorubicin. Our findings suggest that miR‐BARTs play a novel role in DDR and may facilitate the development of effective NPC therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Wai-Ming Lung
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Joanna Hung-Man Tong
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lok-Man Ip
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ka-Hei Lam
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Anthony Wing-Hung Chan
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing-Po Chak
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lau-Ying Chung
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Walter Wai Yeung
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pok-Man Hau
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shuk-Ling Chau
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sai-Wah Tsao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Research, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, China
| | - Kin-Mang Lau
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kwok-Wai Lo
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ka-Fai To
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Digestive Disease, Partner State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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18
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Mehmood A, Kayani MA, Ahmed MW, Nisar A, Mahjabeen I. Association between single nucleotide polymorphisms of DNA damage response pathway genes and increased risk in breast cancer. Future Oncol 2020; 16:1977-1995. [PMID: 32597209 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2020-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: We aimed to evaluate the role of selected single nucleotide polymorphisms of DNA damage response pathway genes in breast cancer (BC). Materials & methods: In present study, 500 BC patients and 500 controls was used to estimate the frequency of single nucleotide polymorphisms of DNA damage response pathway genes. Tetra-amplification refractory mutation system-PCR technique was used for screening of the six selected polymorphisms. Results: Logistic regression analysis showed that heterozygous mutant genotype of rs1800057 (p < 0.0001) and homozygous mutant genotype of rs1801516 (p < 0.0001) was associated with significant increased risk of BC. In the ATR gene, heterozygous mutant genotype of rs2227931 (p < 0.0001) was associated with significant increased risk of BC. However, significant decreased risk of BC was found associated with heterozygous mutant genotype of rs2227928 (p < 0.0002) and homozygous mutant genotype of rs2229032 (p < 0.0001) in patients compared with controls. Conclusion: The present results showed that alteration in DNA damage response pathway gene (ATM & ATR) results in increased BC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azhar Mehmood
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Asif Nisar
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ishrat Mahjabeen
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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19
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Murphy MR, Kleiman FE. Connections between 3' end processing and DNA damage response: Ten years later. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2020; 11:e1571. [PMID: 31657151 PMCID: PMC7295566 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Ten years ago we reviewed how the cellular DNA damage response (DDR) is controlled by changes in the functional and structural properties of nuclear proteins, resulting in a timely coordinated control of gene expression that allows DNA repair. Expression of genes that play a role in DDR is regulated not only at transcriptional level during mRNA biosynthesis but also by changing steady-state levels due to turnover of the transcripts. The 3' end processing machinery, which is important in the regulation of mRNA stability, is involved in these gene-specific responses to DNA damage. Here, we review the latest mechanistic connections described between 3' end processing and DDR, with a special emphasis on alternative polyadenylation, microRNA and RNA binding proteins-mediated deadenylation, and discuss the implications of deregulation of these steps in DDR and human disease. This article is categorized under: RNA Processing > 3' End Processing RNA-Based Catalysis > Miscellaneous RNA-Catalyzed Reactions RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Robert Murphy
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College and Biochemistry Program, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York
| | - Frida Esther Kleiman
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College and Biochemistry Program, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York
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20
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Bian L, Meng Y, Zhang M, Li D. MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 complex alterations and DNA damage response: implications for cancer treatment. Mol Cancer 2019; 18:169. [PMID: 31767017 PMCID: PMC6878665 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-019-1100-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome instability is a hallmark of cancer cells and can be accelerated by defects in cellular responses to DNA damage. This feature of malignant cells opens new avenues for tumor targeted therapy. MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 complex plays a crucial role in sensing and repair of DNA damage. Through interacting with other important players of DNA damage response, MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 complex is engaged in various DNA damage repair pathways. Mutations in any member of this complex may lead to hypersensitivity to genotoxic agents and predisposition to malignancy. It is assumed that the defects in the complex may contribute to tumorigenesis and that treatments targeting the defect may be beneficial to cancer patients. Here, we summarized the recent research findings of the role of MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 complex in tumorigenesis, cancer treatment and discussed the potential approaches of targeting this complex to treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Bian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiling Meng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Meichao Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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21
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de Almeida BC, dos Anjos LG, Uno M, da Cunha IW, Soares FA, Baiocchi G, Baracat EC, Carvalho KC. Let-7 miRNA's Expression Profile and Its Potential Prognostic Role in Uterine Leiomyosarcoma. Cells 2019; 8:cells8111452. [PMID: 31744257 PMCID: PMC6912804 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The lethal-7 (let-7) family is an important microRNA (miRNA) group that usually exerts functions as a tumor suppressor. We aimed to evaluate the expression profile of let-7a, let-7b, let-7c, let-7d, let-7e, let-7f, let-7g, and let-7i and to assess their value as prognostic markers in uterine leiomyosarcoma (LMS) patients. The miRNAs expression profile was assessed in 34 LMS and 13 normal myometrium (MM) paraffin-embedded samples. All let-7 family members showed downregulation in LMS. Our findings showed that patients with let-7e downregulation had worse overall survival (OS) and is an independent prognostic factor (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.24). In addition, almost half the patients had distant metastasis. LMS patients with downregulated let-7b and let-7d had worse disease-free survival (DFS); they are not independent prognostic factors (HR = 2.65). Patients’ ages were associated with let-7d, let-7e and let-7f (p = 0.0160) downregulation. In conclusion, all the let-7 family members were downregulated in LMS patients, and the greater the loss of expression of these molecules, the greater their relationship with worse prognosis of patients. Let-7e expression might influence the OS, while let-7b and le-7d might influence the DFS. The lowest expression levels of let-7d, let-7e, and let-7f were associated with the oldest patients. Our findings indicate strong evidence of let-7’s role as a potential prognostic biomarker in LMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Cristine de Almeida
- Laboratório de Ginecologia Estrutural e Molecular (LIM 58), Disciplina de Ginecologia, Departamento de Obstetricia e Ginecologia, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, HCFMUSP, SP, BR Av. Dr Arnaldo 455, sala 4121, Cerqueira Cesar, São Paulo 05403-010, Brazil; (B.C.d.A.); (L.G.d.A.); (E.C.B.)
| | - Laura Gonzalez dos Anjos
- Laboratório de Ginecologia Estrutural e Molecular (LIM 58), Disciplina de Ginecologia, Departamento de Obstetricia e Ginecologia, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, HCFMUSP, SP, BR Av. Dr Arnaldo 455, sala 4121, Cerqueira Cesar, São Paulo 05403-010, Brazil; (B.C.d.A.); (L.G.d.A.); (E.C.B.)
| | - Miyuki Uno
- Centro de Investigação Translacional em Oncologia (LIM 24), Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo (CTO/ICESP) Av Dr Arnaldo 251 sala 23 8 andar, São Paulo 01246000, Brazil;
| | - Isabela Werneck da Cunha
- Department of Pathology, Rede D’OR-São Luiz, Rua das Perobas, 344-Jabaquara, São Paulo 04321-120, Brazil; (I.W.d.C.); (F.A.S.)
- Hospital A C Camargo Cancer Center, SP, BR R. Tamandaré, 753 Liberdade, São Paulo 05403-010, Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, SP, BR R. Tamandaré, 753 Liberdade, São Paulo 05403-010, Brazil
| | - Fernando Augusto Soares
- Department of Pathology, Rede D’OR-São Luiz, Rua das Perobas, 344-Jabaquara, São Paulo 04321-120, Brazil; (I.W.d.C.); (F.A.S.)
- Hospital A C Camargo Cancer Center, SP, BR R. Tamandaré, 753 Liberdade, São Paulo 05403-010, Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, SP, BR R. Tamandaré, 753 Liberdade, São Paulo 05403-010, Brazil
| | - Glauco Baiocchi
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Rua Prof Antonio Prudente 211, São Paulo 01509-001, Brazil;
| | - Edmund Chada Baracat
- Laboratório de Ginecologia Estrutural e Molecular (LIM 58), Disciplina de Ginecologia, Departamento de Obstetricia e Ginecologia, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, HCFMUSP, SP, BR Av. Dr Arnaldo 455, sala 4121, Cerqueira Cesar, São Paulo 05403-010, Brazil; (B.C.d.A.); (L.G.d.A.); (E.C.B.)
| | - Katia Candido Carvalho
- Laboratório de Ginecologia Estrutural e Molecular (LIM 58), Disciplina de Ginecologia, Departamento de Obstetricia e Ginecologia, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, HCFMUSP, SP, BR Av. Dr Arnaldo 455, sala 4121, Cerqueira Cesar, São Paulo 05403-010, Brazil; (B.C.d.A.); (L.G.d.A.); (E.C.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-011-3061-7486
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22
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Tsegay PS, Lai Y, Liu Y. Replication Stress and Consequential Instability of the Genome and Epigenome. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24213870. [PMID: 31717862 PMCID: PMC6864812 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24213870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells must faithfully duplicate their DNA in the genome to pass their genetic information to the daughter cells. To maintain genomic stability and integrity, double-strand DNA has to be replicated in a strictly regulated manner, ensuring the accuracy of its copy number, integrity and epigenetic modifications. However, DNA is constantly under the attack of DNA damage, among which oxidative DNA damage is the one that most frequently occurs, and can alter the accuracy of DNA replication, integrity and epigenetic features, resulting in DNA replication stress and subsequent genome and epigenome instability. In this review, we summarize DNA damage-induced replication stress, the formation of DNA secondary structures, peculiar epigenetic modifications and cellular responses to the stress and their impact on the instability of the genome and epigenome mainly in eukaryotic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawlos S. Tsegay
- Biochemistry Ph.D. Program, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA;
| | - Yanhao Lai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, USA;
- Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Yuan Liu
- Biochemistry Ph.D. Program, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA;
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, USA;
- Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
- Correspondence:
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23
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Nowicka Z, Stawiski K, Tomasik B, Fendler W. Extracellular miRNAs as Biomarkers of Head and Neck Cancer Progression and Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4799. [PMID: 31569614 PMCID: PMC6801477 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) contribute to over 300,000 deaths every year worldwide. Although the survival rates have improved in some groups of patients, mostly due to new treatment options and the increasing percentage of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cancers, local recurrences and second primary tumors remain a great challenge for the clinicians. Presently, there is no biomarker for patient surveillance that could help identify patients with HNSCC that are more likely to experience a relapse or early progression, potentially requiring closer follow-up or salvage treatment. MicoRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNA molecules that posttranscriptionally modulate gene expression. They are highly stable and their level can be measured in biofluids including serum, plasma, and saliva, enabling quick results and allowing for repeated analysis during and after the completion of therapy. This has cemented the role of miRNAs as biomarkers with a huge potential in oncology. Since altered miRNA expression was described in HNSCC and many miRNAs play a role in radio- and chemotherapy resistance, cancer progression, and metastasis, they can be utilized as biomarkers of these phenomena. This review outlines recent discoveries in the field of extracellular miRNA-based biomarkers of HNSCC progression and metastasis, with a special focus on HPV-related cancers and radioresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Nowicka
- Department of Biostatistics and Translational Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Konrad Stawiski
- Department of Biostatistics and Translational Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Bartłomiej Tomasik
- Department of Biostatistics and Translational Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland.
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Fendler
- Department of Biostatistics and Translational Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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24
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CRIF1 as a potential target to improve the radiosensitivity of osteosarcoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:20511-20516. [PMID: 31548420 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1906578116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to ionizing radiation (IR), which is a conventional treatment for osteosarcoma that cannot be resected, undermines the efficacy of this therapy. However, the mechanism by which IR induces radioresistance in osteosarcoma is not defined. Here, we report that CR6-interacting factor-1 (CRIF1) is highly expressed in osteosarcoma and undergoes nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) after IR. Osteosarcoma cells lacking CRIF1 show increased sensitivity to IR, which is associated with delayed DNA damage repair, inactivated G1/S checkpoint, and mitochondrial dysfunction. CRIF1 interacts with the DNA damage checkpoint regulator CDK2, and CRIF1 and CDK2 colocalize in the nucleus after IR. Nuclear localization of CDK2 is associated with phosphorylation changes that promote DNA repair and activation of the G1/S checkpoint. CRIF1 knockdown synergized with IR in an in vivo osteosarcoma model, leading to tumor regression. Based on these findings, we identify CRIF1 as a potential therapeutic target in osteosarcoma that can increase the efficacy of radiotherapy. More broadly, our findings may provide insights into the mechanism for other types of radioresistant cancers and be exploited for therapeutic ends.
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25
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Kuhns KJ, Lopez-Bertoni H, Coulter JB, Bressler JP. TET1 regulates DNA repair in human glial cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 380:114646. [PMID: 31278917 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastomas are the most aggressive of malignant brain cancers with a median patient survival of approximately 18 months. We recently demonstrated that Tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 1(TET1) is involved in cellular responses to ionizing radiation (IR) in glial-, glioblastoma-, and non-tumor-derived cells. This study used a lentiviral-mediated knockdown of TET1 to further dissect the contribution of TET1 to the DNA damage response in glial cell lines by evaluating its role in DNA repair. TET1-deficient glial cell lines displayed attenuated cytotoxicity compared to non-targeted knockdown after treatment with IR but these differences were not observed between control and TET1 deficient in response to inhibitors of Na+/K+-ATPase. Additionally, the percentage of glial cells displaying γH2A.x foci was greatly reduced in TET1-deficient glial cells compared to non-targeted knockdown conditions in response to IR and topoisomerase inhibitors. We also observed a lower percentage and a delay in 53BP1 foci formation, a marker of non-homologous end-joining, in response to IR and topoisomerase inhibitors in TET1-deficient glial cells. DNA-PK, another marker of non-homologous end-joining, was also lower in TET1-deficient glial cell lines. Interestingly, TET1-deficient glial cells displayed higher numbers of DNA strand breaks compared to control cells and repaired DNA breaks less efficiently in Comet assays. We suggest that attenuated DNA repair in TET1 deficient gliomas leads to genomic instability, which underlies poor patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine J Kuhns
- Environmental Health Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Hernando Lopez-Bertoni
- Department of Neurology, Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, 707 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Jonathan B Coulter
- Department of Neurology, Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, 707 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Environmental Health Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Joseph P Bressler
- Department of Neurology, Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, 707 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Environmental Health Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
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26
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Han Q, Cheng P, Yang H, Liang H, Lin F. Altered expression of microRNA-365 is related to the occurrence and development of non-small-cell lung cancer by inhibiting TRIM25 expression. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:22321-22330. [PMID: 31099423 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this current study is to elucidate whether altered microRNA-365 (miR-365) has an association with the initiation and development of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by targeting TRIM25 expression. The expression of miR-365 and TRIM25 in NSCLC tissues, adjacent normal tissues, and NSCLC cell lines were detected. The relationship between miR-365 expression and TRIM25 with the clinicopathological characteristics of NSCLC was analyzed. The putative binding site between miR-365 and TRIM25 was determined by luciferase activity assay. miR-365 inhibitors and miR-365 mimics were transfected to human NSCLC A549 cells, and the cell viability was detected by cell counting kit-8 assay; flow cytometry was carried out to determine cell cycle and apoptosis rate. Poorly expressed miR-365 and overexpressed TRIM25 was found in NSCLC tissues. TRIM25 was determined as a target gene of miR-365. The miR-365 and TRIM25 expression were related to the clinicopathological features of NSCLC, such as pathological classification, differentiation degree, TNM stage as well as lymph node metastasis. miR-365 suppressed the expression of TRIM25 and elevated the expression of the proapoptotic protein in NSCLC cells. Our study demonstrates that altered expression of miR-365 has a close association with the occurrence and development of NSCLC by inhibiting TRIM25 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Han
- Department of Radiotherapy, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Department of Radiotherapy, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjie Yang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hengpo Liang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengchun Lin
- Department of Radiotherapy, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
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27
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MicroRNA Expression Changes in Women with Breast Cancer Stratified by DNA Repair Capacity Levels. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:7820275. [PMID: 31191653 PMCID: PMC6525916 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7820275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women worldwide and is the leading cause of death among Hispanic women. Previous studies have shown that women with a low DNA repair capacity (DRC), measured through the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway, have an increased BC risk. Moreover, we previously reported an association between DRC levels and the expression of the microRNA (miRNA) let-7b in BC patients. MiRNAs can induce genomic instability by affecting the cell's DNA damage response while influencing the cancer pathobiology. The aim of this pilot study is to identify plasma miRNAs related to variations in DRC levels in BC cases. Hypothesis. Our hypothesis consists in testing whether DRC levels can be correlated with miRNA expression levels. Methods. Plasma samples were selected from 56 (27 cases and 29 controls) women recruited as part of our BC cohort. DRC values were measured in lymphocytes using the host-cell reactivation assay. The samples were divided into two categories: low (≤3.8%) and high (>3.8%) DRC levels. MiRNAs were extracted to perform an expression profile analysis. Results. Forty miRNAs were identified to be BC-related (p<0.05, MW), while 18 miRNAs were found to be differentially expressed among BC cases and controls with high and low DRC levels (p<0.05, KW). Among these candidates are miR-299-5p, miR-29b-3p, miR-302c-3p, miR-373-3p, miR-636, miR-331-5p, and miR-597-5p. Correlation analyses revealed that 4 miRNAs were negatively correlated within BC cases with low DRC (p<0.05, Spearman's correlation). Results from multivariate analyses revealed that the clinicopathological characteristics may not have a direct effect on specific miRNA expression. Conclusion. This pilot study provides evidence of four miRNAs that are negatively regulated in BC cases with low DRC levels. Additional studies are needed in order to have a complete framework regarding the overall DRC levels, miRNA expression profiles, and tumor characteristics.
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28
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Jia P, Wei G, Zhou C, Gao Q, Wu Y, Sun X, Li X. Upregulation of MiR-212 Inhibits Migration and Tumorigenicity and Inactivates Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2019; 17:1533034618765221. [PMID: 29618288 PMCID: PMC5894900 DOI: 10.1177/1533034618765221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs are involved in hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis, a principal cause of hepatocellular carcinoma-related death in patients worldwide. MiR-212 is a microRNA that has been identified in several types of cancers and is postulated to influence cell signaling and subsequent malignant pathogenesis. Despite emerging reports suggesting that miR-212 plays a significant role in the onset, progression, and migration of these types of malignant tumors, its involvement in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma has not been fully elucidated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, wound healing, transwell migration and invasion assays, Western blotting, and xenograft tumor growth models were performed to test the expression levels and functions of miR-212 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Luciferase reporter assay, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry were used to identify and verify the target of miR-212. RESULTS In this study, we identify significant repression of miR-212 in hepatocellular carcinoma and demonstrate that overexpression of miR-212 inhibits the migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we identify forkhead box M1, whose expression is inversely related to that of miR-212, as a direct target of miR-212. Additionally, reexpression of forkhead box M1 rescues the miR-212-mediated inhibition of cell migration. We observed that inhibition of miR-212 activates forkhead box M1 but inhibits the Wnt/β-catenin pathway by suppressing Wnt, LEF-1, c-Myc, and nuclear β-catenin. Finally, in vivo studies confirmed the inhibitory effect of miR-212 on hepatocellular carcinoma growth. CONCLUSION Our present findings indicate that miR-212 is a potential prognostic biomarker of hepatocellular carcinoma and that the miR-212/forkhead box M1 regulatory axis may represent a new therapeutic objective for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengbo Jia
- 1 Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,2 Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Xianyang City, Xianyang, China
| | - Guangbing Wei
- 1 Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Cancan Zhou
- 3 Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qi Gao
- 1 Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yunhua Wu
- 1 Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xuejun Sun
- 1 Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xuqi Li
- 1 Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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29
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Huang R, Zhou P. Double-edged effects of noncoding RNAs in responses to environmental genotoxic insults: Perspectives with regards to molecule-ecology network. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 247:64-71. [PMID: 30654255 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Numerous recent studies have underlined the crucial players of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), i.e., microRNAs(miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs) and circle RNAs(circRNAs) participating in genotoxic responses induced by a wide variety of environmental genotoxicants consistently. Genotoxic-derived ncRNAs provide us a new epigenetic molecular-ecological network (MEN) insights into the underlying mechanisms regarding genotoxicant exposure and genotoxic effects, which can modify ncRNAs to render them "genotoxic" and inheritable, thus potentially leading to disease risk via epigenetic changes. In fact, the spatial structures of ncRNAs, particularly of secondary and three-dimensional structures, diverse environmental genotoxicants as well as RNA splicing and editing forma dynamic pool of ncRNAs, which constructs a MEN in cells together with their enormous targets and interactions, making biological functions more complicated. We nonetheless suggest that ncRNAs have both beneficial(positive) and harmful(negative) effects, i.e., are "double-edged" in regulating genotoxicant toxic responses. Understanding the "double-edged" effects of ncRNAs is of crucial importance for our further comprehension of the pathogenesis of human diseases induced by environmental toxicants and for the construction of novel prevention and therapy targets. Furthermore, the MEN formed by ncRNAs and their interactions each other as well as downstream targets in the cells is important for considering the active relationships between external agents (environmental toxicants) and inherent genomic ncRNAs, in terms of suppression or promotion (down- or upregulation), and engineered ncRNA therapies can suppress or promote the expression of inherent genomic ncRNAs that are targets of environmental toxicants. Moreover, the MEN would be expected to be would be applied to the mechanistic explanation and risk assessment at whole scene level in environmental genotoxicant exposure. As molecular biology evolves rapidly, the proposed MEN perspective will provide a clearer or more comprehensive holistic view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
| | - PingKun Zhou
- Department of Radiation Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, AMMS, Beijing, 100850, PR China.
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30
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Jiang YJ, Zhong JH, Zhou ZH, Qiu MQ, Zhou XG, Liu YC, Huo RR, Liang XM, Chen Z, Lin QL, Yu XY, Yu HP. Association between polymorphisms in MicroRNA target sites of RAD51D genes and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Med 2019; 8:2545-2552. [PMID: 30883040 PMCID: PMC6536933 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
RAD51D (RAD51L3) is a member of the RAD51 gene family which plays important roles in maintaining genomic stability and preventing DNA damage. This study is aimed to investigate the associations between RAD51D polymorphisms and the hereditary susceptibility of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study we conducted a hospital–based case‐control study including 805 cases (HCC patients) and 846 controls (nontumor patients) in Guangxi, China. A total of two Single–nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs12947947 and rs28363292 of RAD51D were selected and genotyped. Although we did not find two SNPs individually that had any significant main effect on risk of HCC, We found that the combined genotypes with 1‐2 risk genotypes were associated with significantly increased overall risk of HCC (OR = 1.462, 95% CI = 1.050‐2.036). According to the results of further stratification analysis, GT/GG genotype of rs28363292 increased HCC risk in zhuang people (OR = 3.913, 95% CI = 1.873‐8.175) and nonhepatitis B virus (HBV) infection population (OR = 1.774, 95% CI = 1.060‐2.969), the combined 1‐2 risk genotypes increased the risk of HCC in zhuang people (OR = 2.817, 95% CI = 1.532‐5.182) and non‐HBV infected population (OR = 1.567, 95% CI = 1.042‐2.358). Our results suggest that rs12947947 and rs28363292 polymorphisms may jointly contribute to the risk of HCC. Further large studies and functional studies are required to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ji Jiang
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China.,School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Jian-Hong Zhong
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Zi-Han Zhou
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China.,School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Mo-Qin Qiu
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China.,School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Xian-Guo Zhou
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Ying-Chun Liu
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Rong-Rui Huo
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiu-Mei Liang
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhu Chen
- Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Qiu-Ling Lin
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China.,School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiang-Yuan Yu
- School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Hong-Ping Yu
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China.,School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
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31
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Cimini S, Gualtieri C, Macovei A, Balestrazzi A, De Gara L, Locato V. Redox Balance-DDR-miRNA Triangle: Relevance in Genome Stability and Stress Responses in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:989. [PMID: 31428113 PMCID: PMC6688120 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Plants are continuously faced with complex environmental conditions which can affect the oxidative metabolism and photosynthetic efficiency, thus leading to the over-production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Over a certain threshold, ROS can damage DNA. DNA damage, unless repaired, can affect genome stability, thus interfering with cell survival and severely reducing crop productivity. A complex network of pathways involved in DNA damage response (DDR) needs to be activated in order to maintain genome integrity. The expression of specific genes belonging to these pathways can be used as indicators of oxidative DNA damage and effective DNA repair in plants subjected to stress conditions. Managing ROS levels by modulating their production and scavenging systems shifts the role of these compounds from toxic molecules to key messengers involved in plant tolerance acquisition. Oxidative and anti-oxidative signals normally move among the different cell compartments, including the nucleus, cytosol, and organelles. Nuclei are dynamically equipped with different redox systems, such as glutathione (GSH), thiol reductases, and redox regulated transcription factors (TFs). The nuclear redox network participates in the regulation of the DNA metabolism, in terms of transcriptional events, replication, and repair mechanisms. This mainly occurs through redox-dependent regulatory mechanisms comprising redox buffering and post-translational modifications, such as the thiol-disulphide switch, glutathionylation, and S-nitrosylation. The regulatory role of microRNAs (miRNAs) is also emerging for the maintenance of genome stability and the modulation of antioxidative machinery under adverse environmental conditions. In fact, redox systems and DDR pathways can be controlled at a post-transcriptional level by miRNAs. This review reports on the interconnections between the DDR pathways and redox balancing systems. It presents a new dynamic picture by taking into account the shared regulatory mechanism mediated by miRNAs in plant defense responses to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Cimini
- Unit of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Gualtieri
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Anca Macovei
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alma Balestrazzi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Laura De Gara
- Unit of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Vittoria Locato
- Unit of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Vittoria Locato,
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32
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Bellato M, De Marchi D, Gualtieri C, Sauta E, Magni P, Macovei A, Pasotti L. A Bioinformatics Approach to Explore MicroRNAs as Tools to Bridge Pathways Between Plants and Animals. Is DNA Damage Response (DDR) a Potential Target Process? FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1535. [PMID: 31850028 PMCID: PMC6901925 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs, highly-conserved small RNAs, act as key regulators of many biological functions in both plants and animals by post-transcriptionally regulating gene expression through interactions with their target mRNAs. The microRNA research is a dynamic field, in which new and unconventional aspects are emerging alongside well-established roles in development and stress adaptation. A recent hypothesis states that miRNAs can be transferred from one species to another and potentially target genes across distant species. Here, we propose to look into the trans-kingdom potential of miRNAs as a tool to bridge conserved pathways between plant and human cells. To this aim, a novel multi-faceted bioinformatic analysis pipeline was developed, enabling the investigation of common biological processes and genes targeted in plant and human transcriptome by a set of publicly available Medicago truncatula miRNAs. Multiple datasets, including miRNA, gene, transcript and protein sequences, expression profiles and genetic interactions, were used. Three different strategies were employed, namely a network-based pipeline, an alignment-based pipeline, and a M. truncatula network reconstruction approach, to study functional modules and to evaluate gene/protein similarities among miRNA targets. The results were compared in order to find common features, e.g., microRNAs targeting similar processes. Biological processes like exocytosis and response to viruses were common denominators in the investigated species. Since the involvement of miRNAs in the regulation of DNA damage response (DDR)-associated pathways is barely explored, especially in the plant kingdom, a special attention is given to this aspect. Hereby, miRNAs predicted to target genes involved in DNA repair, recombination and replication, chromatin remodeling, cell cycle and cell death were identified in both plants and humans, paving the way for future interdisciplinary advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Bellato
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Mathematical Modelling, and Synthetic Biology, Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering—Centre for Health Technology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Davide De Marchi
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Mathematical Modelling, and Synthetic Biology, Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering—Centre for Health Technology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Carla Gualtieri
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Sauta
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Mathematical Modelling, and Synthetic Biology, Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering—Centre for Health Technology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paolo Magni
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Mathematical Modelling, and Synthetic Biology, Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering—Centre for Health Technology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Anca Macovei
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- *Correspondence: Anca Macovei, ; Lorenzo Pasotti,
| | - Lorenzo Pasotti
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Mathematical Modelling, and Synthetic Biology, Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering—Centre for Health Technology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- *Correspondence: Anca Macovei, ; Lorenzo Pasotti,
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Roy Chowdhury M, Basak J. Tiny Yet Indispensable Plant MicroRNAs Are Worth to Explore as Key Components for Combating Genotoxic Stresses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1197. [PMID: 31636646 PMCID: PMC6788304 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Plants being sessile are always exposed to various stresses including biotic and abiotic stresses. Some of these stresses are genotoxic to cells causing DNA damage by forming lesions which include altered bases, cross-links, and breaking of DNA strands, which in turn hamper the genomic integrity. In order to survive through all these adverse conditions, plants have evolved different DNA repair mechanisms. As seen from the mammalian system and different human diseases, various microRNAs (miRNAs) can target the 3'-untranslated region of mRNAs that code for the proteins involved in DNA repair pathways. Since miRNAs play an important role in plant cells by regulating various metabolic pathways, it can also be possible that miRNAs play an important role in DNA repair pathways too. However, till date, only a handful of plant miRNAs have been identified to play important role in combating genotoxic stresses in plants. Limitation of information regarding involvement of miRNAs in DNA repair as well as in ROS scavenging prompted us to gather information about plant miRNAs specific for these tasks. This mini-review aims to present pertinent literature dealing with different genotoxic stresses that cause genome instability as well as plant specific responses to survive the damage. This is intertwined with the involvement of miRNAs in genotoxic stress in plants, challenges of applying miRNAs as a tool to combat DNA damage along with ways to overcome these challenges, and finally, the future prospective of these understudied aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moumita Roy Chowdhury
- Computational Structural Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Jolly Basak
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Visva-Bharati, University Santiniketan, India
- *Correspondence: Jolly Basak,
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Reprogramming Cells for Synergistic Combination Therapy with Nanotherapeutics against Uveal Melanoma. Biomimetics (Basel) 2018; 3:biomimetics3040028. [PMID: 31105250 PMCID: PMC6352695 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics3040028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular malignant tumor in adults and around half of the patients develop metastasis and die shortly after because of the lack of effective therapies for metastatic UM. Consequently, new therapeutic approaches to this disease are welcome. In this regard, microRNAs have been shown to have a key role in neoplasia progression and have the potential to be used as therapeutic tools. In addition, in different cancers including UM, a particular microRNA signature appears that is different from healthy cells. Thus, restoring the regular levels of microRNAs could restore the normal behavior of cells. In this study, four microRNAs downregulated in UM have been chosen to reprogram cancer cells, to promote cell death or increase their sensitivity to the chemotherapeutic SN38. Furthermore, to improve the internalization, stability and/or solubility of the therapeutic molecules employed in this approach, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were used as carriers. Remarkably, this study found a synergistic effect when the four oligonucleotides were employed and when the chemotherapeutic drug was added.
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Pinzi V, Bisogno I, Prada F, Ciusani E, Fariselli L. Radiotherapy of meningioma: a treatment in need of radiobiological research. Int J Radiat Biol 2018; 94:621-627. [DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2018.1478157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Pinzi
- Neurosurgery Department, Radiotherapy Unit, Istituto Neurologico Fondazione C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bisogno
- Neurosurgery Department, Radiotherapy Unit, Istituto Neurologico Fondazione C. Besta, Milan, Italy
- Biology and Biotechnology Department, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco Prada
- Neurosurgery Department, Istituto Neurologico Fondazione C. Besta, Milan, Italy
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia Health Science Center, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Focused Ultrasound Foundation, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Emilio Ciusani
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology and Medical Genetics, Istituto Neurologico Fondazione C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Fariselli
- Neurosurgery Department, Radiotherapy Unit, Istituto Neurologico Fondazione C. Besta, Milan, Italy
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Zhang Y, Yang L, Wang S, Liu Z, Xiu M. MiR-29a suppresses cell proliferation by targeting SIRT1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Biomark 2018; 22:151-159. [PMID: 29630527 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-171120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongyu Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Lewei Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Shiji Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ming Xiu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Chen Z, Zhang W, Yun Z, Zhang X, Gong F, Wang Y, Ji S, Leng L. Ubiquitin‑like protein FAT10 regulates DNA damage repair via modification of proliferating cell nuclear antigen. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:7487-7496. [PMID: 29620277 PMCID: PMC5983939 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In response to DNA damage, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) has an important role as a positive regulator and as a scaffold protein associated with DNA damage bypass and repair pathways by serving as a platform for the recruitment of associated components. As demonstrated in the present study, the ubiquitin-like modifier human leukocyte antigen F locus adjacent transcript 10 (FAT10), which binds to PCNA but has not previously been demonstrated to be associated with the DNA damage response (DDR), is induced by ultraviolet/ionizing radiation and VP-16 treatment in HeLa cells. Furthermore, DNA damage enhances FAT10 expression. Immunoprecipitation analysis suggested PCNA is modified by FAT10, and the degradation of FATylated PCNA located in the cytoplasm is regulated by the 26S proteasome, which is also responsible for the upregulation of nuclear foci formation. Furthermore, immunofluorescence experiment suggested FAT10 co-localizes with PCNA in nuclear foci, thus suggesting that FATylation of PCNA may affect DDR via the induction of PCNA degradation in the cytoplasm or nucleus. In addition, immunohistochemistry experiment suggested the expression levels of FAT10 and PCNA are enhanced in HCC tissues compared with healthy liver tissues; however, the expression of FAT10 is suppressed in regenerated liver tissues, which express high levels of PCNA, thus suggesting that the association between FAT10 and PCNA expression is only exhibited in tumor tissues. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggest that FAT10 may be involved in DDR and therefore the progression of tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenchuan Chen
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Lab, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing 100850, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Lab, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing 100850, P.R. China
| | - Zhimin Yun
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Lab, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing 100850, P.R. China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Lab, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing 100850, P.R. China
| | - Feng Gong
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Lab, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing 100850, P.R. China
| | - Yunfang Wang
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Lab, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing 100850, P.R. China
| | - Shouping Ji
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Lab, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing 100850, P.R. China
| | - Ling Leng
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Lab, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing 100850, P.R. China
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Rapado-González Ó, Majem B, Muinelo-Romay L, Álvarez-Castro A, Santamaría A, Gil-Moreno A, López-López R, Suárez-Cunqueiro MM. Human salivary microRNAs in Cancer. J Cancer 2018; 9:638-649. [PMID: 29556321 PMCID: PMC5858485 DOI: 10.7150/jca.21180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as excellent candidates for cancer biomarkers. Several recent studies have highlighted the potential use of saliva for the identification of miRNAs as novel biomarkers, which represents a great opportunity to improve diagnosis and monitor general health and disease. This review summarises the mechanisms of miRNAs deregulation in cancer, the value of targeting them with a therapeutic intention and the evidence of the potential clinical use of miRNAs expressed in saliva for the detection of different cancer types. We also provide a comprehensive review of the different methods for normalising the levels of specific miRNAs present in saliva, as this is a critical step in their analysis, and the challenge to validate salivary miRNAs as a reality to manage cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Óscar Rapado-González
- Department of Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain. Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS); Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Liquid Biopsy Analysis Unit, Translational Medical Oncology, Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), CIBERONC, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Blanca Majem
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Lab, Biomedical Research Group in Gynecology, Vall Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Muinelo-Romay
- Liquid Biopsy Analysis Unit, Translational Medical Oncology, Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), CIBERONC, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana Álvarez-Castro
- Medical Digestive Service, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS); Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Anna Santamaría
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Lab, Biomedical Research Group in Gynecology, Vall Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Gil-Moreno
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Lab, Biomedical Research Group in Gynecology, Vall Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Gynecology Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael López-López
- Liquid Biopsy Analysis Unit, Translational Medical Oncology, Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), CIBERONC, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María Mercedes Suárez-Cunqueiro
- Department of Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain. Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS); Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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IL-3R-alpha blockade inhibits tumor endothelial cell-derived extracellular vesicle (EV)-mediated vessel formation by targeting the β-catenin pathway. Oncogene 2017; 37:1175-1191. [PMID: 29238040 PMCID: PMC5861089 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-017-0034-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The proangiogenic cytokine Interleukin-3 (IL-3) is released by inflammatory cells in breast and ovarian cancer tissue microenvironments and also acts as an autocrine factor for human breast and kidney tumor-derived endothelial cells (TECs). We have previously shown that IL-3-treated endothelial cells (ECs) release extracellular vesicles (EVs), which serve as a paracrine mechanism for neighboring ECs, by transferring active molecules. The impact of an anti-IL-3R-alpha blocking antibody on the proangiogenic effect of EVs released from TECs (anti-IL-3R-EVs) has therefore been investigated in this study. We have found that anti-IL-3R-EV treatment prevented neovessel formation and, more importantly, also induced the regression of in vivo TEC-derived neovessels. Two miRs that target the canonical wingless (Wnt)/β-catenin pathway, at different levels, were found to be differentially regulated when comparing the miR-cargo of naive TEC-derived EVs (EVs) and anti-IL-3R-EVs. miR-214-3p, which directly targets β-catenin, was found to be upregulated, whereas miR-24-3p, which targets adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β), was found to be downregulated. In fact, upon their transfer into the cell, low β-catenin content and high levels of the two members of the “β-catenin destruction complex” were detected. Moreover, c-myc downregulation was found in TECs treated with anti-IL-3R-EVs, pre-miR-214-3p-EVs and antago-miR-24-3p-EVs, which is consistent with network analyses of miR-214-3p and miR-24-3p gene targeting. Finally, in vivo studies have demonstrated the impaired growth of vessels in pre-miR-214-3p-EV- and antago-miR-24-3p-EV-treated animals. These effects became much more evident when combo treatment was applied. The results of the present study identify the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway as a relevant mechanism of TEC-derived EV proangiogenic action. Furthermore, we herein provide evidence that IL-3R blockade may yield some significant advantages, than miR targeting, in inhibiting the proangiogenic effects of naive TEC-derived EVs by changing TEC-EV-miR cargo.
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Dihydrocoumarin, an HDAC Inhibitor, Increases DNA Damage Sensitivity by Inhibiting Rad52. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18122655. [PMID: 29215575 PMCID: PMC5751257 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective DNA repair enables cancer cells to survive DNA damage induced by chemotherapeutic or radiotherapeutic treatments. Therefore, inhibiting DNA repair pathways is a promising therapeutic strategy for increasing the efficacy of such treatments. In this study, we found that dihydrocoumarin (DHC), a flavoring agent, causes deficiencies in double-stand break (DSB) repair and prolonged DNA damage checkpoint recovery in yeast. Following DNA damage, Rad52 recombinase was revealed to be inhibited by DHC, which results in deficiencies in DSB repair and prolonged DNA damage checkpoint recovery. The deletion of RPD3, a class I histone deacetylase (HDAC), was found to mimic DHC-induced suppression of Rad52 expression, suggesting that the HDAC inhibitor activity of DHC is critical to DSB repair and DNA damage sensitivity. Overall, our findings delineate the regulatory mechanisms of DHC in DSB repair and suggest that it might potentially be used as an inhibitor of the DNA repair pathway in human cells.
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Shi Q, Zhou Z, Ye N, Chen Q, Zheng X, Fang M. MiR-181a inhibits non-small cell lung cancer cell proliferation by targeting CDK1. Cancer Biomark 2017; 20:539-546. [PMID: 28946554 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-170350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Shi
- Department of Oncology, Fuzhou Pulmonary Hospital of Fujian, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhan Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Fuzhou Pulmonary Hospital of Fujian, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Naishu Ye
- Infectious Disease Department, The People’s Hospital of Ningde City, Ningde, Fujian, China
| | - Qiaolin Chen
- Department of Oncology, Fuzhou Pulmonary Hospital of Fujian, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiuxia Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Fuzhou Pulmonary Hospital of Fujian, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Minshan Fang
- Department of Oncology, Fuzhou Pulmonary Hospital of Fujian, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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42
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DNA Damage as a Driver for Growth Delay: Chromosome Instability Syndromes with Intrauterine Growth Retardation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:8193892. [PMID: 29238724 PMCID: PMC5702399 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8193892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
DNA is constantly exposed to endogenous and exogenous mutagenic stimuli that are capable of producing diverse lesions. In order to protect the integrity of the genetic material, a wide array of DNA repair systems that can target each specific lesion has evolved. Despite the availability of several repair pathways, a common general program known as the DNA damage response (DDR) is stimulated to promote lesion detection, signaling, and repair in order to maintain genetic integrity. The genes that participate in these pathways are subject to mutation; a loss in their function would result in impaired DNA repair and genomic instability. When the DDR is constitutionally altered, every cell of the organism, starting from development, will show DNA damage and subsequent genomic instability. The cellular response to this is either uncontrolled proliferation and cell cycle deregulation that ensues overgrowth, or apoptosis and senescence that result in tissue hypoplasia. These diverging growth abnormalities can clinically translate as cancer or growth retardation; both features can be found in chromosome instability syndromes (CIS). The analysis of the clinical, cellular, and molecular phenotypes of CIS with intrauterine growth retardation allows inferring that replication alteration is their unifying feature.
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Heider T, Mutschelknaus L, Radulović V, Winkler K, Kimmel J, Anastasov N, Atkinson MJ, Moertl S. Radiation induced transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of the hsa-miR-23a ~ 27a ~ 24-2 cluster suppresses apoptosis by stabilizing XIAP. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2017; 1860:1127-1137. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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44
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He J, Feng X, Hua J, Wei L, Lu Z, Wei W, Cai H, Wang B, Shi W, Ding N, Li H, Zhang Y, Wang J. miR-300 regulates cellular radiosensitivity through targeting p53 and apaf1 in human lung cancer cells. Cell Cycle 2017; 16:1943-1953. [PMID: 28895780 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2017.1367070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in mediation of the cellular sensitivity to ionizing radiation (IR). Previous studies revealed that miR-300 was involved in the cellular response to IR or chemotherapy drug. However, whether miR-300 could regulate the DNA damage responses induced by extrinsic genotoxic stress in human lung cancer and the underlying mechanism remain unknown. In this study, the expression of miR-300 was examined in lung cancer cells treated with IR, and the effects of miR-300 on DNA damage repair, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and senescence induced by IR were investigated. It was found that IR induced upregulation of endogenous miR-300, and ectopic expression of miR-300 by transfected with miR-300 mimics not only greatly enhanced the cellular DNA damage repair ability but also substantially abrogated the G2 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induced by IR. Bioinformatic analysis predicted that p53 and apaf1 were potential targets of miR-300, and the luciferase reporter assay showed that miR-300 significantly suppressed the luciferase activity through binding to the 3'-UTR of p53 or apaf1 mRNA. In addition, overexpression of miR-300 significantly reduced p53/apaf1 and/or IR-induced p53/apaf1 protein expression levels. Flow cytomertry analysis and colony formation assay showed that miR-300 desensitized lung cancer cells to IR by suppressing p53-dependent G2 cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and senescence. These data demonstrate that miR-300 regulates the cellular sensitivity to IR through targeting p53 and apaf1 in lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpeng He
- a Key Laboratory of Space Radiobiology of Gansu Province & Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou , China
| | - Xiu Feng
- a Key Laboratory of Space Radiobiology of Gansu Province & Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou , China.,b School of Pharmacy , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Junrui Hua
- a Key Laboratory of Space Radiobiology of Gansu Province & Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou , China
| | - Li Wei
- c Clinical Lab & General Surgery Department , Gansu Provincial Hospital , Lanzhou , China
| | - Zhiwei Lu
- d Major Disease Prevention and Control of Molecular Medicine and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory , Gansu University of Chinese Medicine , Lanzhou , China
| | - Wenjun Wei
- a Key Laboratory of Space Radiobiology of Gansu Province & Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou , China.,e University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Hui Cai
- c Clinical Lab & General Surgery Department , Gansu Provincial Hospital , Lanzhou , China
| | - Bing Wang
- a Key Laboratory of Space Radiobiology of Gansu Province & Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou , China.,e University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Wengui Shi
- a Key Laboratory of Space Radiobiology of Gansu Province & Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou , China.,e University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Nan Ding
- a Key Laboratory of Space Radiobiology of Gansu Province & Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou , China
| | - He Li
- a Key Laboratory of Space Radiobiology of Gansu Province & Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou , China.,e University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- a Key Laboratory of Space Radiobiology of Gansu Province & Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou , China
| | - Jufang Wang
- a Key Laboratory of Space Radiobiology of Gansu Province & Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou , China
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