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Kalfert D, Ludvikova M, Pesta M, Hakala T, Dostalova L, Grundmannova H, Windrichova J, Houfkova K, Knizkova T, Ludvik J, Polivka J, Kholova I. BRAF mutation, selected miRNAs and genes expression in primary papillary thyroid carcinomas and local lymph node metastases. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 258:155319. [PMID: 38696857 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Mutations in cancer-related genes are now known to be accompanied by epigenetic events in carcinogenesis by modification of the regulatory pathways and expression of genes involved in the pathobiology. Such cancer-related mutations, miRNAs and gene expression may be promising molecular markers of the most common papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). However, there are limited data on their relationships. The aim of this study was to analyse the interactions between BRAF mutations, selected microRNAs (miR-21, miR-34a, miR-146b, and miR-9) and the expression of selected genes (LGALS3, NKX2-1, TACSTD2, TPO) involved in the pathogenesis of PTC. The study cohort included 60 primary papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC) that were classified as classical (PTC/C; n=50) and invasive follicular variant (PTC/F; n=10), and 40 paired lymph node metastases (LNM). BRAF mutation status in primary and recurrent/persistent papillary thyroid carcinomas was determined. The mutation results were compared both between primary and metastatic cancer tissue, and between BRAF mutation status and selected genes and miRNA expression in primary PTC. Furthermore, miRNAs and gene expression were compared between primary PTCs and non-neoplastic tissue, and local lymph node metastatic tumor, respectively. All studied markers showed several significant mutual interactions and contexts. In conclusion, to the best our knowledge, this is the first integrated study of BRAF mutational status, the expression levels of mRNAs of selected genes and miRNAs in primary PTC, and paired LNM.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Kalfert
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Motol, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Ludvikova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen 32300, Czech Republic.
| | - Martin Pesta
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen 32300, Czech Republic
| | - Tommi Hakala
- The Wellbeing Services County of Pirkanmaa, Department of Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Lucie Dostalova
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Motol, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Grundmannova
- Laboratory of Immunoanalysis, University Hospital in Pilsen, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Jindra Windrichova
- Laboratory of Immunoanalysis, University Hospital in Pilsen, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Houfkova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen 32300, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Knizkova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen 32300, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Ludvik
- Department of Imaging Methods, University Hospital Pilsen, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Polivka
- Department of Histology and Embryology and Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Kholova
- Pathology, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland and Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere, Finland
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SHAKIBA ELHAM, BOROOMAND SETI, KHERADMAND KIA SIMA, HEDAYATI MEHDI. MicroRNAs in thyroid cancer with focus on medullary thyroid carcinoma: potential therapeutic targets and diagnostic/prognostic markers and web based tools. Oncol Res 2024; 32:1011-1019. [PMID: 38827323 PMCID: PMC11136686 DOI: 10.32604/or.2024.049235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
This review aimed to describe the inculpation of microRNAs (miRNAs) in thyroid cancer (TC) and its subtypes, mainly medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), and to outline web-based tools and databases for bioinformatics analysis of miRNAs in TC. Additionally, the capacity of miRNAs to serve as therapeutic targets and biomarkers in TC management will be discussed. This review is based on a literature search of relevant articles on the role of miRNAs in TC and its subtypes, mainly MTC. Additionally, web-based tools and databases for bioinformatics analysis of miRNAs in TC were identified and described. MiRNAs can perform as oncomiRs or antioncoges, relying on the target mRNAs they regulate. MiRNA replacement therapy using miRNA mimics or antimiRs that aim to suppress the function of certain miRNAs can be applied to correct miRNAs aberrantly expressed in diseases, particularly in cancer. MiRNAs are involved in the modulation of fundamental pathways related to cancer, resembling cell cycle checkpoints and DNA repair pathways. MiRNAs are also rather stable and can reliably be detected in different types of biological materials, rendering them favorable diagnosis and prognosis biomarkers as well. MiRNAs have emerged as promising tools for evaluating medical outcomes in TC and as possible therapeutic targets. The contribution of miRNAs in thyroid cancer, particularly MTC, is an active area of research, and the utility of web applications and databases for the biological data analysis of miRNAs in TC is becoming increasingly important.
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Affiliation(s)
- ELHAM SHAKIBA
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, 1651153511, Iran
| | - SETI BOROOMAND
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - SIMA KHERADMAND KIA
- Department of Blood Cell Research, Laboratory for Red Blood Cell Diagnostics, Sanquin, Amsterdam, 1006 AN, The Netherlands
| | - MEHDI HEDAYATI
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1985717413, Iran
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Engin AB, Engin A. Next-Cell Hypothesis: Mechanism of Obesity-Associated Carcinogenesis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1460:727-766. [PMID: 39287871 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-63657-8_25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Higher body fat content is related to a higher risk of mortality, and obesity-related cancer represents approximately 40% of all cancer patients diagnosed each year. Furthermore, epigenetic mechanisms are involved in cellular metabolic memory and can determine one's predisposition to being overweight. Low-grade chronic inflammation, a well-established characteristic of obesity, is a central component of tumor development and progression. Cancer-associated adipocytes (CAA), which enhance inflammation- and metastasis-related gene sets within the cancer microenvironment, have pro-tumoral effects. Adipose tissue is a major source of the exosomal micro ribonucleic acids (miRNAs), which modulate pathways involved in the development of obesity and obesity-related comorbidities. Owing to their composition of cargo, exosomes can activate receptors at the target cell or transfer molecules to the target cells and thereby change the phenotype of these cells. Exosomes that are released into the extracellular environment are internalized with their cargo by neighboring cells. The tumor-secreted exosomes promote organ-specific metastasis of tumor cells that normally lack the capacity to metastasize to a specific organ. Therefore, the communication between neighboring cells via exosomes is defined as the "next-cell hypothesis." The reciprocal interaction between the adipocyte and tumor cell is realized through the adipocyte-derived exosomal miRNAs and tumor cell-derived oncogenic miRNAs. The cargo molecules of adipocyte-derived exosomes are important messengers for intercellular communication involved in metabolic responses and have very specific signatures that direct the metabolic activity of target cells. RNA-induced silencing regulates gene expression through various mechanisms. Destabilization of DICER enzyme, which catalyzes the conversion of primary miRNA (pri-miRNA) to precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), is an important checkpoint in cancer development and progression. Interestingly, adipose tissue in obesity and tumors share similar pathogenic features, and the local hypoxia progress in both. While hypoxia in obesity leads to the adipocyte dysfunction and metabolic abnormalities, in obesity-related cancer cases, it is associated with worsened prognosis, increased metastatic potential, and resistance to chemotherapy. Notch-interleukin-1 (IL-1)-Leptin crosstalk outcome is referred to as "NILCO effect." In this chapter, obesity-related cancer development is discussed in the context of "next-cell hypothesis," miRNA biogenesis, and "NILCO effect."
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Basak Engin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Gazi University, Hipodrom, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Atilla Engin
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Gazi University, Besevler, Ankara, Turkey
- Mustafa Kemal Mah. 2137. Sok. 8/14, 06520, Cankaya, Ankara, Turkey
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Hu H, Quan G, Yang F, Du S, Ding S, Lun Y, Chen Q. MicroRNA-96-5p is negatively regulating GPC3 in the metastasis of papillary thyroid cancer. SAGE Open Med 2023; 11:20503121231205710. [PMID: 37915840 PMCID: PMC10617255 DOI: 10.1177/20503121231205710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds Papillary thyroid cancer is the most common pathological type of thyroid cancer. miR-96-5p, a member of the miR-183 family, constitute a polycistronic miRNA cluster. In breast cancer, miR-96-5p promotes cell invasion, migration, and proliferation in vitro by inhibiting PTPN9. Moreover, miR-96-5p was reported to function as an oncogene in many cancers. However, whether miR-96-5p is involved in the development of papillary thyroid cancers and its potential mechanism is still unknown. The present study aims to explore the relationship between miR-96-5p and GPC3 expression in the development of papillary thyroid cancers. Methods Transcriptomic sequencing was carried out using six pairs of papillary thyroid cancer and adjacent normal tissues. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) experiments were performed to examine the expression of genes. Results In total, there were 1588 up-regulated and 1803 down-regulated differentially expressed genes between papillary thyroid cancer and normal tissues. Gene ontology and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes analysis revealed that extracellular matrix structure and proteoglycans were mainly involved in papillary thyroid cancer. Among the cluster of proteoglycans, GPC3 was significantly down-regulated in papillary thyroid cancer and is a target of miR-96. Conclusion miR-96-5p participates in the development of papillary thyroid cancer by regulating the expression of GPC3. Thus, targeting miR-96-5p may be a potential therapeutic approach for preventing and treating papillary thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibei Hu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Shenzhen Hospital (Guangming), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Microecology, Fujian Province University, School of Pharmacy and Medical Technology, Putian University, Putian, Fujian, China
| | - Guangqian Quan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Nanping First Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Nanping, Fujian, China
| | - Feng Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Shan Du
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Hospital (Guangming), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Siqin Ding
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Shenzhen Hospital (Guangming), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongzhi Lun
- Key Laboratory of Medical Microecology, Fujian Province University, School of Pharmacy and Medical Technology, Putian University, Putian, Fujian, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Shenzhen Hospital (Guangming), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Słowińska-Klencka D, Popowicz B, Kulczycka-Wojdala D, Szymańska B, Duda-Szymańska J, Wojtaszek-Nowicka M, Kaczka K, Klencki M. Effective Use of microRNA, BRAF and Sonographic Risk Assessment in Bethesda III Thyroid Nodules Requires a Different Approach to Nodules with Features of Nuclear Atypia and Other Types of Atypia. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4287. [PMID: 37686562 PMCID: PMC10486535 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15174287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to analyze the diagnostic usefulness of the combined assessment of the ultrasound risk category of the nodule (evaluated with EU-TIRADS system), the presence of BRAF V600E mutation and the expression of selected microRNAs (miR-146b, miR-221 and miR-222) in Bethesda category III thyroid nodules, separately for cases with nuclear atypia (AUS-nuclear) and cases with other types of atypia (AUS-other). We evaluated 161 nodules (66 AUS-nuclear and 95 AUS-other) with known results of postoperative histopathological examination. The rate of cancer and the rate of PTC among cancers were nearly three times higher in the AUS-nuclear than the AUS-other group. For AUS-nuclear nodules, the most effective diagnostic panel included, in addition to repeat FNA, the assessment of BRAF V600E mutation and the expression of miR-146b and miR-222 (sensitivity: 93.5%, specificity: 80.0%). For AUS-other nodules, a two-step procedure was most effective: at the first stage, forgoing surgical treatment in subjects with a benign repeat FNA outcome, and, at the second stage, the assessment of miR-222 expression and the EU-TIRADS category (sensitivity: 92.3%, specificity: 76.8%). The optimal use of molecular methods in the diagnostics of category III thyroid nodules requires a separate approach for nodules with nuclear atypia and nodules with other types of atypia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Słowińska-Klencka
- Department of Morphometry of Endocrine Glands, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 251 St., 92-213 Lodz, Poland; (D.S.-K.); (B.P.)
| | - Bożena Popowicz
- Department of Morphometry of Endocrine Glands, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 251 St., 92-213 Lodz, Poland; (D.S.-K.); (B.P.)
| | - Dominika Kulczycka-Wojdala
- Research Laboratory CoreLab, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8 St., 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (D.K.-W.); (B.S.)
| | - Bożena Szymańska
- Research Laboratory CoreLab, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8 St., 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (D.K.-W.); (B.S.)
| | - Joanna Duda-Szymańska
- Department of Pathomorphology, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 251 St., 92-213 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Martyna Wojtaszek-Nowicka
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 251 St., 92-213 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Krzysztof Kaczka
- Department of General and Oncological Surgery, Surgical Clinical Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 251 St., 92-213 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Mariusz Klencki
- Department of Morphometry of Endocrine Glands, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 251 St., 92-213 Lodz, Poland; (D.S.-K.); (B.P.)
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Macvanin MT, Gluvic ZM, Zaric BL, Essack M, Gao X, Isenovic ER. New biomarkers: prospect for diagnosis and monitoring of thyroid disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1218320. [PMID: 37547301 PMCID: PMC10401601 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1218320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
After the metabolic syndrome and its components, thyroid disorders represent the most common endocrine disorders, with increasing prevalence in the last two decades. Thyroid dysfunctions are distinguished by hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, or inflammation (thyroiditis) of the thyroid gland, in addition to the presence of thyroid nodules that can be benign or malignant. Thyroid cancer is typically detected via an ultrasound (US)-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) and cytological examination of the specimen. This approach has significant limitations due to the small sample size and inability to characterize follicular lesions adequately. Due to the rapid advancement of high-throughput molecular biology techniques, it is now possible to identify new biomarkers for thyroid neoplasms that can supplement traditional imaging modalities in postoperative surveillance and aid in the preoperative cytology examination of indeterminate or follicular lesions. Here, we review current knowledge regarding biomarkers that have been reliable in detecting thyroid neoplasms, making them valuable tools for assessing the efficacy of surgical procedures or adjunctive treatment after surgery. We are particularly interested in providing an up-to-date and systematic review of emerging biomarkers, such as mRNA and non-coding RNAs, that can potentially detect thyroid neoplasms in clinical settings. We discuss evidence for miRNA, lncRNA and circRNA dysregulation in several thyroid neoplasms and assess their potential for use as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjana T. Macvanin
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zoran M. Gluvic
- Clinic for Internal Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Zemun Clinical Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bozidarka L. Zaric
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Magbubah Essack
- Computer Science Program, Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division (CEMSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xin Gao
- Computer Science Program, Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division (CEMSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esma R. Isenovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Buscombe J. Controversies in the Radioiodine Treatment of Patients With Differentiated Thyroid Cancer. Semin Nucl Med 2023; 53:475-480. [PMID: 36813671 DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
The use of radioiodine (I-131) in the management of patients suffering differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) has changed little in the past 40 years. The use of a standardized approach has served the majority of patients well over that time. However, there have been recent doubts concerning this approach in some low risk patients and if so, how can these patients recognized and which patients who may need more intensive treatment. A number of clinical trials have questioned the paradigms used in the treatment of DTC including what activity of I-131 should be used for ablation and which low risk patients should be treated with I-131 especially as there remains some doubts as to the long-term safety of I-131. Should a dosimetric approach be used to optimize the use of I-131 even though at present this approach has not been shown to improve outcomes in a formal clinical trial. The era of precision oncology represents a challenge and opportunity to nuclear medicine with a move away from a regime of standard care to one of highly individualized care based on the genetic profiling of the patient and their cancer. The treatment of DTC with I-131 is about to become very interesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Buscombe
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, St Bartholemew's Hospital, London, UK.
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8
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Kamarehei F, Saidijam M, Taherkhani A. Prognostic biomarkers and molecular pathways mediating Helicobacter pylori–induced gastric cancer: a network-biology approach. Genomics Inform 2023; 21:e8. [PMID: 37037466 PMCID: PMC10085735 DOI: 10.5808/gi.22072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer of the stomach is the second most frequent cancer-related death worldwide. The survival rate of patients with gastric cancer (GC) remains fragile. There is a requirement to discover biomarkers for prognosis approaches. Helicobacter pylori in the stomach is closely associated with the progression of GC. We identified the genes associated with poor/favorable prognosis in H. pylori–induced GC. Multivariate statistical analysis was applied on the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset GSE54397 to identify differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) in gastric tissues with H. pylori–induced cancer compared with the H. pylori–positive with non-cancerous tissue. A protein interaction map (PIM) was built and subjected to DEMs targets. The enriched pathways and biological processes within the PIM were identified based on substantial clusters. Thereafter, the most critical genes in the PIM were illustrated, and their prognostic impact in GC was investigated. Considering p-value less than 0.01 and |Log2 fold change| as >1, five microRNAs demonstrated significant changes among the two groups. Gene functional analysis revealed that the ubiquitination system, neddylation pathway, and ciliary process are primarily involved in H. pylori–induced GC. Survival analysis illustrated that the overexpression of DOCK4, GNAS, CTGF, TGF-b1, ESR1, SELE, TIMP3, SMARCE1, and TXNIP was associated with poor prognosis, while increased MRPS5 expression was related to a favorable prognosis in GC patients. DOCK4, GNAS, CTGF, TGF-b1, ESR1, SELE, TIMP3, SMARCE1, TXNIP, and MRPS5 may be considered prognostic biomarkers for H. pylori–induced GC. However, experimental validation is necessary in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farideh Kamarehei
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan 6517838678, Iran
| | - Massoud Saidijam
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan 6517838678, Iran
| | - Amir Taherkhani
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan 6517838678, Iran
- Corresponding author E-mail:
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9
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Macerola E, Poma AM, Vignali P, Proietti A, Torregrossa L, Ugolini C, Basolo A, Matrone A, Elisei R, Santini F, Basolo F. MicroRNA expression profiling of RAS-mutant thyroid tumors with follicular architecture: microRNA signatures to discriminate benign from malignant lesions. J Endocrinol Invest 2023:10.1007/s40618-023-02023-5. [PMID: 36749451 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02023-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE RAS mutations represent common driver alterations in thyroid cancer. They can be found in benign, low-risk and malignant thyroid tumors with follicular architecture, which are often diagnosed as indeterminate nodules on preoperative cytology. Therefore, the detection of RAS mutations in preoperative setting has a suboptimal predictive value for malignancy. In this study, we investigated differentially expressed microRNA (miRNA) in benign and malignant thyroid tumors with follicular architecture carrying mutations in RAS genes. METHODS Total RNA was purified from 60 RAS-mutant follicular-patterned thyroid tumors, including follicular adenoma (FA), noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP), papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma cases (PTC, FTC); 22 RAS-negative FAs were used as controls. The expression analysis of 798 miRNAs was performed by digital counting (nCounter nanoString platform). RESULTS Comparing RAS-mutant and RAS-negative FAs, 12 miRNAs showed significant deregulation, which was likely related to the oncogenic effects of RAS mutations. Twenty-two miRNAs were differentially expressed in RAS-mutant benign versus malignant tumors. Considering the tumor type, 24 miRNAs were deregulated in PTC, 19 in NIFTP, and seven in FTC and compared to FA group; among these, miR-146b-5p, miR-144-3p, and miR-451a showed consistent deregulation in all the comparisons with the highest fold change. CONCLUSIONS The miRNA expression analysis of follicular-patterned thyroid tumors demonstrated that RAS mutations influences miRNA profile in benign tumors. In addition, several miRNAs showed a histotype-specific deregulation and could discriminate between RAS-mutant benign and RAS-mutant malignant thyroid lesions, thus deserving further investigation as potential diagnostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Macerola
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, via Savi, 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - A M Poma
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, via Savi, 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - P Vignali
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, via Savi, 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - A Proietti
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, via Savi, 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - L Torregrossa
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, via Savi, 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - C Ugolini
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, via Savi, 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - A Basolo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, via Savi, 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - A Matrone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, via Savi, 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - R Elisei
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, via Savi, 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - F Santini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, via Savi, 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - F Basolo
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, via Savi, 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
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Sharma A, Sharma L, Nandy SK, Payal N, Yadav S, Vargas-De-La-Cruz C, Anwer MK, Khan H, Behl T, Bungau SG. Molecular Aspects and Therapeutic Implications of Herbal Compounds Targeting Different Types of Cancer. Molecules 2023; 28:750. [PMID: 36677808 PMCID: PMC9867434 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to genetic changes in DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) sequences, cancer continues to be the second most prevalent cause of death. The traditional target-directed approach, which is confronted with the importance of target function in healthy cells, is one of the most significant challenges in anticancer research. Another problem with cancer cells is that they experience various mutations, changes in gene duplication, and chromosomal abnormalities, all of which have a direct influence on the potency of anticancer drugs at different developmental stages. All of these factors combine to make cancer medication development difficult, with low clinical licensure success rates when compared to other therapy categories. The current review focuses on the pathophysiology and molecular aspects of common cancer types. Currently, the available chemotherapeutic drugs, also known as combination chemotherapy, are associated with numerous adverse effects, resulting in the search for herbal-based alternatives that attenuate resistance due to cancer therapy and exert chemo-protective actions. To provide new insights, this review updated the list of key compounds that may enhance the efficacy of cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Lalit Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Shouvik Kumar Nandy
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Nazrana Payal
- School of Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Shivam Yadav
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chhatrapati Shahu ji Maharaj University, Kanpur 208024, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Celia Vargas-De-La-Cruz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Bromatology and Toxicology, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima 150001, Peru
- E-Health Research Center, Universidad de Ciencias y Humanidades, Lima 15001, Peru
| | - Md. Khalid Anwer
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Tapan Behl
- School of Health Science and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Simona Gabriela Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania
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11
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Al-Abdallah A, Jahanbani I, Ali RH, Al-Brahim N, Prasanth J, Al-Shammary B, Al-Bader M. A new paradigm for epidermal growth factor receptor expression exists in PTC and NIFTP regulated by microRNAs. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1080008. [PMID: 37114127 PMCID: PMC10126268 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1080008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Intoduction Identification of molecular alterations associated with tumor behavior is necessary to guide clinical management. The 2022 WHO classification has organized the thyroid follicular cell-derived neoplasms into benign, low-risk and high-risk neoplasms, and emphasized the value of biomarkers that may provide differential diagnostic and prognostic information to avoid overtreatment of low risk neoplasms. This work aims to study the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression, functional and spatial dynamics in relation to specific miRNAs alterations in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and in non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) considered as models of high-risk and low-risk thyroid tumors respectively. Methods Primary thyroid cultured cells were used for miRNA gain/loss of function and luciferase reporter assays. Paraffin embedded tissues were used for real time PCR, immuno-fluorescence stain and confocal microscopy experiments. Results Our results showed that in PTC, EGFR mRNA is reduced as an effect of miR-146b-5p upregulation. The EGF expression is low and the ERK pathway is inhibited. The EGFR protein high cytoplasmic expression and colocalization with the endosomal/exosomal markers, ALIX and CD63, suggest the occurrence of stress-induced EGFR internalization, accumulation in endosomal vesicles and secretion via exosomes. In NIFTP EGFR transcription is increased in association with downregulation of miR-7-5p and the EGFR/ERK pathway is active indicating dependence on the canonical EGFR pathway for growth. Conclusion Downregulation of transcript level along with cytoplasmic accumulation of undegraded protein is a new pattern of EGFR regulation associated with malignancy in thyroid. Further research is needed to elucidate the intracellular trafficking defects responsible for this specific EGFR dynamic in PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Al-Abdallah
- Pathology Department, Kuwait University, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait City, Kuwait
- *Correspondence: Abeer Al-Abdallah,
| | - Iman Jahanbani
- Pathology Department, Kuwait University, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Rola H. Ali
- Pathology Department, Kuwait University, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | | | - Jeena Prasanth
- Pathology Department, Kuwait University, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Bashayer Al-Shammary
- Pathology Department, Kuwait University, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Maie Al-Bader
- Physiology Department, Kuwait University, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait City, Kuwait
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12
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Wang Y, Mei J, Zhang Y, He X, Zheng X, Tan J, Jia Q, Li N, Li D, Wang Y, Meng Z. Cathepsin F genetic mutation is associated with familial papillary thyroid cancer. Am J Med Sci 2022; 364:414-424. [PMID: 35447134 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2022.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. Genetic factors are important in the occurrence and development of thyroid cancer, and genetic diagnosis has become an important basis for the prognosis of benign and malignant nodules. We identify a family of six siblings with inherited thyroid cancer susceptibility. All six members of this generation have been definitely diagnosed with papillary thyroid carcinoma. This work aims at confirming the relevant causative genes for thyroid cancer in this pedigree. METHODS We extract DNA from the peripheral blood of six individuals and perform whole genome sequencing. Sanger sequencing and immunohistochemistry further testify the cathepsin F (CTSF) mutation and expression. RESULTS We identify 57 single nucleotide variations (SNVs) out of at least 4 affected family members via certain filter criteria. The CTSF gene found in five of the six family members is here considered the most promising candidate gene mutation for familial thyroid cancer. Besides, our research also proves several known genes including CTSB, TEKT4, ESR1, MSH6, DIRC3, GNAS, and BANCR that act as probable oncogenic drivers in this family. The Sanger sequencing identifies the existence and veracity of CTSF somatic mutations. The CTSF immunohistochemistry of thyroid cancer tissue specimens displays that higher CTSF expression in mutated patients than that in wild-type patient as well as pericarcinomatous tissue. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that the evaluation of CTSF gene mutations of patients in thyroid cancer families may be predictive and valuable for the familial heredity of thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqiong Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, P R China
| | - Jingzhao Mei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, P R China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, P R China
| | - Xianghui He
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, P R China
| | - Xiangqian Zheng
- Department of Thyroid and Neck Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin City, Tianjin, P R China
| | - Jian Tan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, P R China
| | - Qiang Jia
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, P R China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, P R China
| | - Dihua Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, P R China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Chinese Material Medical College, Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinghai District, Tianjin, P R China; State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Jinghai District, Tianjin, P R China.
| | - Zhaowei Meng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, P R China.
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13
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Yu S, Meng H, Shi S, Cao S, Bian T, Zhao H. miR-548d-3p inhibits the invasion and migration of gastric cancer cells by targeting GKN1. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24520. [PMID: 35666636 PMCID: PMC9279950 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to explore the function and mechanism of GKN1 in gastric cancer (GC) progression. Methods Firstly, we used GEO2R to perform differential gene analysis on GSE26942 and GSE79973 and constructed the protein–protein interaction network of differential genes by STRING. Next, the cytoHubba, Mcode plugins, and GEPIA were used to obtain our follow‐up research object GKN1. Then, the function of GKN1 in GC was verified by scratch and transwell assay in GC cells. We further analyzed the genes related to GKN1 through LinkedOmics, and exported top 100 genes positively or negatively correlated with GKN1. Meanwhile, Metascape was performed on these genes. Finally, we analyzed the miRNAs that bind to GKN1 through the miRDB and verified the correlation between miR‐548d‐3p and GKN1 using dual‐fluorescence and quantitative PCR experiments. Results Bioinformatics analysis showed that there were 52 differential genes on GSE26942 and GSE79973. In addition, the results of functional assays indicated that overexpressed GKN1 can inhibit GC cell migration and invasion, while GKN1 knockdown demonstrated the opposite effect. Additionally, Metascape analysis results showed that the 3′‐UTR region of mRNA is rich in AU sequences, based on which we infer that mRNA may be regulated by miRNA. Dual‐fluorescence and quantitative PCR assays clarified that miR‐548d‐3p may be one of the target miRNAs of GKN1, which was up‐regulated in GC tissues. Conclusions In summary, we clarified that miR‐548d‐3p regulates GKN1 to participate in GC cell migration and invasion, and provides a possible target for the prognostic diagnosis and treatment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senlong Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhuji People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhuji Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Zhuji, China
| | - Hongjie Meng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhuji People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhuji Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Zhuji, China
| | - Shengguang Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhuji People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhuji Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Zhuji, China
| | - Shenghui Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Zhuji Chinese Traditional Medicine Hospital, Zhuji, China
| | - Tianhua Bian
- Department of General Surgery, Zhuji Chinese Traditional Medicine Hospital, Zhuji, China
| | - Haifeng Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Zhuji Chinese Traditional Medicine Hospital, Zhuji, China
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14
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Expression Profile and Diagnostic Significance of MicroRNAs in Papillary Thyroid Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112679. [PMID: 35681658 PMCID: PMC9179248 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) has increased in recent years. To improve the diagnostic management of PTC, we propose the use of microRNAs (miRNAs) as a biomarker. Our aim in this study was to evaluate the miRNA expression pattern in PTC using NanoString technology. We identified ten miRNAs deregulated in PTC compared with reference tissue: miR-146b-5p, miR-221-3p, miR-221-5p, miR-34-5p, miR-551b-3p, miR-152-3p, miR-15a-5p, miR-31-5p, and miR-7-5p (FDR < 0.05; |fold change (FC)| ≥ 1.5). The gene ontology (GO) analysis of differentially expressed miRNA (DEM) target genes identified the predominant involvement of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance, and pathways in cancer in PTC. The highest area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) for DEMs was found for miR-146-5p (AUC = 0.770) expression, indicating possible clinical applicability in PTC diagnosis. The combination of four miRNAs (miR-152-3p, miR-221-3p, miR-551b-3p, and miR-7-5p) showed an AUC of 0.841. Validation by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reactions (qRT-PCRs) confirmed our findings. The introduction of an miRNA diagnostic panel based on the results of our study may help to improve therapeutic decision making for questionable cases. The use of miRNAs as biomarkers of PTC may become an aspect of personalized medicine.
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15
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Yang F, Xiao Z, Zhang S. FOXP2 regulates thyroid cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis via transcriptional activation of RPS6KA6. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:434. [PMID: 35607372 PMCID: PMC9121208 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor, forkhead box P2 (FOXP2) has tumor-suppressive effects in several types of cancer. However, the regulatory role and underlying mechanism of FOXP2 in thyroid cancer (THCA) is not completely understood. In the present study, the mRNA expression levels of FOXP2 and ribosomal protein S6 kinase A6 (RPS6KA6) were evaluated using the GEPIA database and THCA cell lines. The association between FOXP2 and RPS6KA6 was analyzed using the LinkedOmics, and GEPIA databases. Then, the binding sites of FOXP2 and the RPS6KA6 promotor was predicted using the JASPAR database, and verified using a dual-luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation. In addition, functional assays investigating FOXP2 and RPS6KA6 were conducted in the TPC-1 cell line. The data showed that FOXP2 and RPS6KA6 mRNA expression levels were decreased in the THCA tissues, and cell lines. Overexpression of FOXP2 inhibited cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis in the THCA cell lines. Furthermore, RPS6KA6 mRNA expression levels were reduced in THCA and were correlated with FOXP2 expression level. Mechanistic studies revealed that FOXP2 binds directly to the promotor region of RPS6KA6 and modulated the expression level of RPS6KA6 transcriptionally. In addition, rescue experiments showed that knockdown of RPS6KA6 expression reversed the effects of FOXP2 overexpression on THCA cell proliferation and apoptosis, and the regulation of FOXP2/RPS6KA6 may be associated with the PI3K/AKT pathway. In summary, FOXP2 was associated with the proliferation and apoptosis of human THCA cells via the transcriptional activation of RPS6KA6. The FOXP2/RPS6KA6 axis could be a promising target for the treatment of THCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feibiao Yang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315040, P.R. China
| | - Zhangsheng Xiao
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315040, P.R. China
| | - Songze Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315040, P.R. China
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16
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Qi F, Tang J, Cai Z, Wang G, Wang Z. Long non-coding RNA CATIP antisense RNA 1 (lncRNA CATIP-AS1) downregulation contributes to the progression and metastasis of thyroid cancer via epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway. Bioengineered 2022; 13:7592-7606. [PMID: 35264071 PMCID: PMC8973971 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2047400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (THCA) is the most common cancer of the endocrine system across the globe. To date, the mechanism of development of THCA remains scarcely known. In this study, we aim to elucidate the long non-coding RNA CATIP antisense RNA 1 (lncRNA CATIP-AS1/CATIP-AS1) role in the pathogenesis of THCA and its regulatory mechanism. The result shows that the CATIP-AS1 was significantly downregulated in THCA tissues and cells and was associated with a poor prognosis of patients diagnosed with THCA. The overexpression of CATIP-AS1 significantly inhibited THCA cell proliferation, migration, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) but increased the THCA cell apoptosis. We found that CATIP-AS1 endogenously sponges miR-515-5p and its overexpression could inhibit miR-515-5p regulatory effect. Moreover, the overexpression of miR-515-5p repressed the Smad4 expression level, consequently reversed the inhibiting effect of overexpressed CATIP-AS1 on the proliferation, and migration of THCA cell. It also reversed the increased THCA cell apoptosis and the downregulated-CATIP-AS1-induced cell EMT inhibition. Summarily, we demonstrated that the CATIP-AS1 promotes the progression and metastasis of THCA via EMT pathway partly through regulating the miR-515-5p and Smad4 expression in THCA cell. The CATIP-AS1 could be a promising biomarker for early THCA detection and prognosis and a possible therapeutic target for its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fujian Qi
- Department of General Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ji'Ao Tang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhenling Cai
- Department of General Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhijun Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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17
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Abstract
Background: Sex dimorphism strongly impacts tumor biology, with most cancers having a male predominance. Uniquely, thyroid cancer (TC) is the only nonreproductive cancer with striking female predominance with three- to four-fold higher incidence among females, although males generally have more aggressive disease. The molecular basis for this observation is not known, and current approaches in treatment and surveillance are not sex specific. Summary: Although TC has overall good prognosis, 6-20% of patients develop regional or distant metastasis, one third of whom are not responsive to conventional treatment approaches and suffer a 10-year survival rate of only 10%. More efficacious treatment strategies are needed for these aggressive TCs, as tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immunotherapy have major toxicities without demonstrable overall survival benefit. Emerging evidence indicates a role of sex hormones, genetics, and the immune system in modulation of both risk for TC and its progression in a sex-specific manner. Conclusion: Greater understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying sex differences in TC pathogenesis could provide insights into the development of sex-specific, targeted, and effective strategies for prevention, diagnosis, and management. This review summarizes emerging evidence for the importance of sex in the pathogenesis, progression, and response to treatment in differentiated TC with emphasis on the role of sex hormones, genetics, and the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Shobab
- MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Kenneth D Burman
- MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Leonard Wartofsky
- Medstar Health Research Institute, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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18
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Galuppini F, Censi S, Merante Boschin I, Fassan M, Sbaraglia M, Valeri N, Hahne JC, Bertazza L, Munari G, Galasso M, Cascione L, Barollo S, Rugge M, Vianello F, Dei Tos AP, Mian C, Pennelli G. Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: Molecular Distinction by MicroRNA Profiling. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:834075. [PMID: 35282462 PMCID: PMC8904882 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.834075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is a miscellaneous disease with a variety of histological variants, each with its own mutational profile, and clinical and prognostic characteristics. Identification of microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles represents an important benchmark for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the biological behavior of these unique PTC subtypes in order that they be better characterized. We considered a series of 35 PTC samples with a histological diagnosis of either hobnail (17 cases) or classical variant (nine cases) and with a specific BRAF p.K601E mutation (nine cases). We determined the overall miRNA expression profile with NanoString technology, and both quantitative reverse transcription-PCR and in situ hybridization were used to confirm selected miRNAs. The miRNA signature was found to consistently differentiate specific histotypes and mutational profiles. In contrast to the BRAF p.K601E mutation and classic PTCs, three miRNAs (miR-21-5p, miR-146b-5p, and miR-205-5p) were substantially overexpressed in the hobnail variant. The current study found that different miRNA signature profiles were linked to unique histological variants and BRAF mutations in PTC. Further studies focusing on the downstream pathogenetic functions of mRNAs in thyroid neoplasms are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Galuppini
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Simona Censi
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Matteo Fassan
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Oncology, Istituto Di Ricovero E Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Padua, Italy
| | - Marta Sbaraglia
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Nicola Valeri
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jens Claus Hahne
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Loris Bertazza
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Giada Munari
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Marco Galasso
- Laboratorio per le Tecnologie delle Terapie Avanzate (LTTA), Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Luciano Cascione
- Bioinformatics Core Unit, Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Susi Barollo
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Massimo Rugge
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Federica Vianello
- Department of Radiotherapy, Veneto Institute of Oncology, Istituto Di Ricovero E Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Padua, Italy
| | - Angelo Paolo Dei Tos
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Caterina Mian
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Gianmaria Pennelli
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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19
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Papaioannou M, Chorti AG, Chatzikyriakidou A, Giannoulis K, Bakkar S, Papavramidis TS. MicroRNAs in Papillary Thyroid Cancer: What Is New in Diagnosis and Treatment. Front Oncol 2022; 11:755097. [PMID: 35186709 PMCID: PMC8851242 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.755097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) accounts for up to 80% of thyroid malignancies. New diagnostic and therapeutic options are suggested including innovative molecular methods. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are nonprotein coding single-stranded RNAs that regulate many cell processes. The aim of the present study is to review the deregulated miRNAs associated with PTCs. Methods A bibliographic research was conducted, resulting in 272 articles referred to miRNAs and PTC. Regarding our exclusion criteria, 183 articles were finally included in our review. Results A remarkably large number of miRNAs have been found to be deregulated during PTC manifestation in the literature. The deregulated miRNAs are detected in tissue samples, serum/plasma, and FNA samples of patients with PTC. These miRNAs are related to several molecular pathways, involving genes and proteins responsible for important biological processes. MiRNA deregulation is associated with tumor aggressiveness, including larger tumor size, multifocality, extrathyroidal extension, lymphovascular invasion, lymph node and distant metastasis, and advanced tumor node metastasis stage. Conclusion MiRNAs are proposed as new diagnostic and therapeutic tools regarding PTC. They could be essential biomarkers for PTC diagnosis applied in serum and FNA samples, while their contribution to prognosis is of great importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Papaioannou
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Angeliki G. Chorti
- 1st Propedeutic Department of Surgery, American Hellenic Educational Progressive Association (AHEPA) University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anthoula Chatzikyriakidou
- Laboratory of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Kleanthis Giannoulis
- 1st Propedeutic Department of Surgery, American Hellenic Educational Progressive Association (AHEPA) University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Sohail Bakkar
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Theodosios S. Papavramidis
- 1st Propedeutic Department of Surgery, American Hellenic Educational Progressive Association (AHEPA) University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- *Correspondence: Theodosios S. Papavramidis,
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20
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Qian J, Zhang Q, Liu M, Wang Y, Lu M. A portable system for isothermal amplification and detection of exosomal microRNAs. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 196:113707. [PMID: 34695686 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) play a key role in cell-cell communication to regulate gene expression in target cells and have great potential as biomarkers for disease diagnosis. This paper reports an on-chip exosomal miRNA amplification and detection system for rapid analysis of exosomal miRNAs. The compact system consists of two connected flow cells for processing exosomes and detecting miRNAs, respectively. The miRNAs extracted from exosomes were quantitatively measured using the on-chip exponential amplification reaction (EXPAR) assay. The sensor chip was designed to store multiple oligonucleotide templates for the EXPAR, mix sample and reagent, and simultaneously analyze multiple exosomal miRNAs of interest. To facilitate the miRNA analysis, a portable detection instrument was built on an IoT platform using a low-cost microcontroller to execute the EXPAR assay, collect fluorescent images, and analyze amplification curves. Here, we studied the miRNA profiles carried by exosomes derived from three different phenotypes of tissue macrophages. The affordable instrument, rapid assay, multiplexed analysis, as well as disposable sensor chip, would boost the development of point-of-care liquid biopsy tests using exosomal miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Qian
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Qinming Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Mingdian Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Yixuan Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Meng Lu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
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21
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Wang Y, Ye H, Yang Y, Li J, Cen A, Zhao L. microRNA-181a promotes the oncogene S100A2 and enhances papillary thyroid carcinoma growth by mediating the expression of histone demethylase KDM5C. J Endocrinol Invest 2022; 45:17-28. [PMID: 34143366 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-021-01606-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is an endocrine malignancy. Increasing evidence highlights microRNAs (miRNAs) as important participants in PTC. Here, we investigated the role of miR-181a in PTC. METHODS A microarray-based analysis was performed to identify the differential expression of miR-181a in PTC, which was validated with RT-qPCR. Protein expression of the proliferation-related factor Ki-67 and apoptosis- and migration-related factors in PTC was assessed with immunoblot analysis. A dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was adopted to verify the relationship between miR-181a and lysine demethylase 5C (KDM5C). Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) was used to detect the level of the H3K4me3 modification on S100 calcium-binding protein A2 (S100A2). Cell viability, apoptosis, and invasion and migration abilities were evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), flow cytometry, and transwell assays, respectively. The in vitro results were verified in in vivo nude mouse models. RESULTS miR-181a was highly expressed in PTC tissues and cell lines. Silencing miR-181a repressed the proliferation and migration of PTC cells. KDM5C was identified as the target gene of miR-181a and represses S100A2 expression through histone demethylation to diminish the migration and proliferation of PTC cells. miR-181a depletion suppressed tumor growth. CONCLUSION Collectively, these results suggest that highly expressed miR-181a promotes the proliferation of PTC cells by increasing the expression of the oncogene S100A2. This study contributes to the advancement of miR-181a-targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No. 613, West Huangpu Avenue, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - H Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Y Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - J Li
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No. 613, West Huangpu Avenue, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - A Cen
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No. 613, West Huangpu Avenue, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - L Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
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Zhang X, Ze Y, Sang J, Shi X, Bi Y, Shen S, Zhang X, Zhu D. Risk factors and diagnostic prediction models for papillary thyroid carcinoma. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:938008. [PMID: 36133306 PMCID: PMC9483149 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.938008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid nodules (TNs) represent a common scenario. More accurate pre-operative diagnosis of malignancy has become an overriding concern. This study incorporated demographic, serological, ultrasound, and biopsy data and aimed to compare a new diagnostic prediction model based on Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) with multivariate logistic regression model, to guide the decision of surgery. Records of 2,090 patients with TNs who underwent thyroid surgery were retrospectively reviewed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that Bethesda category (OR=1.90, P<0.001), TIRADS (OR=2.55, P<0.001), age (OR=0.97, P=0.002), nodule size (OR=0.53, P<0.001), and serum levels of Tg (OR=0.994, P=0.004) and HDL-C (OR=0.23, P=0.001) were statistically significant independent differentiators for patients with PTC and benign nodules. Both BPNN and regression models showed good accuracy in differentiating PTC from benign nodules (area under the curve [AUC], 0.948 and 0.924, respectively). Notably, the BPNN model showed a higher specificity (88.3% vs. 73.9%) and negative predictive value (83.7% vs. 45.8%) than the regression model, while the sensitivity (93.1% vs. 93.9%) was similar between two models. Stratified analysis based on Bethesda indeterminate cytology categories showed similar findings. Therefore, BPNN and regression models based on a combination of demographic, serological, ultrasound, and biopsy data, all of which were readily available in routine clinical practice, might help guide the decision of surgery for TNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing University Medical School Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuyang Ze
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Suzhou Wujiang, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianfeng Sang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Nanjing University Medical School Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Xianbiao Shi
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Nanjing University Medical School Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Bi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing University Medical School Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Shanmei Shen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing University Medical School Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinlin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing University Medical School Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Xinlin Zhang, ; Dalong Zhu,
| | - Dalong Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing University Medical School Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Xinlin Zhang, ; Dalong Zhu,
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Oskouie AA, Ahmadi MS, Taherkhani A. Identification of Prognostic Biomarkers in Papillary Thyroid Cancer and Developing Non-Invasive Diagnostic Models Through Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis. Microrna 2022; 11:73-87. [PMID: 35068400 DOI: 10.2174/2211536611666220124115445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most frequent subtype of thyroid carcinoma, mainly detected in patients with benign thyroid nodules (BTN). Due to the invasiveness of accurate diagnostic tests, there is a need to discover applicable biomarkers for PTC. So, in this study, we aimed to identify the genes associated with prognosis in PTC. Besides, we performed a machine learning tool to develop a non-invasive diagnostic approach for PTC. METHODS For the study purposes, the miRNA dataset GSE130512 was downloaded from the GEO database and then analyzed to identify the common differentially expressed miRNAs in patients with non-metastatic PTC (nm-PTC)/metastatic PTC (m-PTC) compared with BTNs. The SVM was also applied to differentiate patients with PTC from those patients with BTN using the common DEMs. A protein-protein interaction network was also constructed based on the targets of the common DEMs. Next, functional analysis was performed, the hub genes were determined, and survival analysis was then executed. RESULTS A total of three common miRNAs were found to be differentially expressed among patients with nm-PTC/m-PTC compared with BTNs. In addition, it was established that the autophagosome maturation, ciliary basal body-plasma membrane docking, antigen processing as ubiquitination & proteasome degradation, and class I MHC mediated antigen processing & presentation are associated with the pathogenesis of PTC. Furthermore, it was illustrated that RPS6KB1, CCNT1, SP1, and CHD4 might serve as new potential biomarkers for PTC prognosis. CONCLUSION RPS6KB1, CCNT1, SP1, and CHD4 may be considered new potential biomarkers used for prognostic aims in PTC. However, performing validation tests is inevitable in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsaneh Arefi Oskouie
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Saeed Ahmadi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Besat Hospital, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Amir Taherkhani
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Nie C, Han J, Bi W, Qiu Z, Chen L, Yu J, Pang R, Liu B, Sheng R, Zhang J. Circular RNA circ_0000644 promotes papillary thyroid cancer progression via sponging miR-1205 and regulating E2F3 expression. Cell Cycle 2021; 21:126-139. [PMID: 34919034 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2021.2012334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The dysregulation of circular RNAs (circRNAs) facilitates the tumorigenesis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). This study was targeted at determining the functions and mechanism of circ_0000644 in regulating PTC development. Circ_0000644, microRNA-1205 (miR-1205) and E2F transcription factor 3 (E2F3) expressions were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Actinomycin D (ActD) and Ribonuclease R (RNase R) assays were used to verify the circular characteristic of circ_0000644. After circ_0000644 was knocked down, PTC cell growth, migration, invasion and apoptosis were assessed by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, Transwell assay and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. The regulating relationships among circ_0000644, E2F3 and miR-1205 were confirmed through RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay and dual-luciferase reporter assay. Besides, the regulatory effects of circ_0000644 on the protein level of E2F3 was analyzed via Western blot. In PTC, circ_0000644 was highly expressed, and it was located mainly in the cytoplasm, and it had stable structure. The knockdown of circ_0000644 repressed PTC cell growth, migration, and invasion, and facilitated apoptosis. Circ_0000644 could directly interact with miR-1205 to repress the expression of miR-1205, and it served as a miR-1205 sponge to modulate E2F3 expression in PTC cells. Circ_0000644 up-regulates E2F3 expression via sponging miR-1205 to promote PTC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlei Nie
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jihua Han
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wen Bi
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhilin Qiu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jiawei Yu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Rui Pang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ruinan Sheng
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jiewu Zhang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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25
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Screening of Parkinson's Differential MicroRNA Based on GEO Database and Its Clinical Verification. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:8171236. [PMID: 34812409 PMCID: PMC8605920 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8171236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study is set out to explore the potential difference of miR in PD through GEO data and provide diagnostic indicators for clinical practice. Methods In this study, differential miR was screened through the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, 68 PD patients treated in our hospital from May 2017 to March 2018 were collected as the research group (RG), and 50 normal subjects who underwent physical examination in our hospital during the same period were collected as the control group (CG). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression and diagnostic value of miR-374a-5p in serum of patients. The potential target genes of miR-374a-5p were predicted, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis and Gene Ontology Consortium (GO) were carried out. Results GEO2R analysis revealed that 193 miRs are expressed differentially, of which 78 were highly expressed and 115 were poorly expressed. The miR-374a-5p expression in the serum of the RG was reduced markedly and had a diagnostic value. Targetscan and miRDB online websites were used to predict their target genes, with 415 common target genes. miR-374a-5p may participate in 27 functional pathways and 8 signal pathways. Conclusion miR-335-5p has low expression in PD and is expected to be a potential diagnostic indicator.
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Bartlett B, Gao Z, Schukking M, Menor M, Khadka VS, Fabbri M, Fei P, Deng Y. The miRNA Profile of Inflammatory Colorectal Tumors Identify TGF-β as a Companion Target for Checkpoint Blockade Immunotherapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:754507. [PMID: 34722540 PMCID: PMC8551827 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.754507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Extrinsic factors such as expression of PD-L1 (programmed dealth-ligand 1) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) have been shown to correlate with responses to checkpoint blockade therapy. More recently two intrinsic factors related to tumor genetics, microsatellite instability (MSI), and tumor mutation burden (TMB), have been linked to high response rates to checkpoint blockade drugs. These response rates led to the first tissue-agnostic approval of any cancer therapy by the FDA for the treatment of metastatic, MSI-H tumors with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. But there are still very few studies focusing on the association of miRNAs with immune therapy through checkpoint inhibitors. Our team sought to explore the biology of such tumors further and suggest potential companion therapeutics to current checkpoint inhibitors. Analysis by Pearson Correlation revealed 41 total miRNAs correlated with mutation burden, 62 miRNAs correlated with MSI, and 17 miRNAs correlated with PD-L1 expression. Three miRNAs were correlated with all three of these tumor features as well as M1 macrophage polarization. No miRNAs in any group were associated with overall survival. TGF-β was predicted to be influenced by these three miRNAs (p = 0.008). Exploring miRNA targets as companions to treatment by immune checkpoint blockade revealed three potential miRNA targets predicted to impact TGF-β. M1 macrophage polarization state was also associated with tumors predicted to respond to therapy by immune checkpoint blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjarne Bartlett
- Bioinformatics Core, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, United States.,Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Zitong Gao
- Bioinformatics Core, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, United States.,Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Monique Schukking
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States.,Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Mark Menor
- Bioinformatics Core, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Vedbar S Khadka
- Bioinformatics Core, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Muller Fabbri
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Peiwen Fei
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Youping Deng
- Bioinformatics Core, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, United States.,Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
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Rogucki M, Buczyńska A, Krętowski AJ, Popławska-Kita A. The Importance of miRNA in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Papillary Thyroid Cancer. J Clin Med 2021; 10:4738. [PMID: 34682861 PMCID: PMC8537372 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10204738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the global incidence of thyroid cancer has been increasing. Despite the significant progress in the diagnostic tools applied for papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) diagnosis, commonly used methods require undergoing invasive diagnostic procedures, such as liquid biopsy, which still, in some cases, remains imprecise. In this case, novel screening and diagnostic biomarkers are still being evaluated using highly specialized techniques, which could increase PTC detection. Currently, a number of genes and proteins associated with PTC development are currently under investigation to assess their clinical utility. Accordingly, a literature search was undertaken to collect novel information about the diagnosis of and prognosis for PTC with a particular emphasis on the role of microRNA (miRNA) evaluation. The early identification of novel biomarkers is essential for facilitating appropriate therapeutic decisions. Moreover, the evaluation of plasma- and serum-derived miRNA measurements could be considered as equivalent thyroid cancer screening tools in the future. On the other hand, the PTC pathogenesis could be evaluated further with the use of miRNA evaluation, which may bring novel insights for potential medical target determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Rogucki
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland; (A.J.K.); (A.P.-K.)
| | - Angelika Buczyńska
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Adam Jacek Krętowski
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland; (A.J.K.); (A.P.-K.)
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Anna Popławska-Kita
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland; (A.J.K.); (A.P.-K.)
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Liu B, Shi H, Qiu W, Wu X, Li L, Wu W. A two-microRNA signature predicts the progression of male thyroid cancer. Open Life Sci 2021; 16:981-991. [PMID: 34595349 PMCID: PMC8439266 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2021-0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In various cancers, microRNAs (miRNAs) are abnormally expressed, including thyroid cancer (TC). In recent years, the incidence of TC has increased annually around the world. Compared with female patients, male TC patients are more likely to have a postoperative recurrence and lymph node metastasis, and hence need second treatments. However, the molecular biological processes underlying this phenomenon are not understood. Therefore, we collected data on miRNA expression and clinical information of male TC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Differentially expressed miRNAs were identified between male TC tissues and matched normal tissues. The Kaplan–Meier method, univariate and multivariate Cox regressions, and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were performed to assess the association between miRNAs and the disease-free survival of male TC patients. Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Gene and Genome (KEGG) enrichment analyses were then used to explore the function of miRNA target genes. Furthermore, we evaluated the ability of the miRNA biomarker to predict survival in female TC patients. As a result, a total of 118 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified, including 25 upregulated and 93 downregulated miRNAs. Among them, miR-451a and miR-16-1-3p were confirmed to be independent prognostic factors for the disease-free survival rate. The target genes of miR-451a and miR-16-1-3p were identified, and functional analysis showed that these genes were enriched in 25 Go and KEGG accessions, including cell signal transduction, motor adhesion, phagocytosis, regulation of transcription, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, etc. Neither miR-451a and miR-16-1-3p, nor a prediction model based on both miRNAs effectively predicted survival in female TC patients. In conclusion, both miR-451a and miR-16-1-3p may play important roles in the processes of male TC. The two-miRNA signature involving miR-1258 and miR-193a may serve as a novel prognostic biomarker for male TC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyang Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, People's Republic of China
| | - Haihong Shi
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, People's Republic of China
| | - Weigang Qiu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinquan Wu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqiong Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyi Wu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, People's Republic of China
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MicroRNA-Based Risk Score for Predicting Tumor Progression Following Radioactive Iodine Ablation in Well-Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Patients: A Propensity-Score Matched Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13184649. [PMID: 34572876 PMCID: PMC8468667 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13184649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The three-tiered American Thyroid Association (ATA) risk stratification helps clinicians tailor decisions regarding follow-up modalities and the need for postoperative radioactive iodine (RAI) ablation and radiotherapy. However, a significant number of well-differentiated thyroid cancers (DTC) progress after treatment. Current follow-up modalities have also been proposed to detect disease relapse and recurrence but have failed to be sufficiently sensitive or specific to detect, monitor, or determine progression. Therefore, we assessed the predictive accuracy of the microRNA-based risk score in DTC with and without postoperative RAI. We confirm the prognostic role of triad biomarkers (miR-2f04, miR-221, and miR-222) with higher sensitivity and specificity for predicting disease progression than the ATA risk score. Compared to indolent tumors, a higher risk score was found in progressive samples and was associated with shorter survival. Consequently, our prognostic microRNA signature and nomogram provide a clinically practical and reliable ancillary measure to determine the prognosis of DTC patients. Abstract To identify molecular markers that can accurately predict aggressive tumor behavior at the time of surgery, a propensity-matching score analysis of archived specimens yielded two similar datasets of DTC patients (with and without RAI). Bioinformatically selected microRNAs were quantified by qRT-PCR. The risk score was generated using Cox regression and assessed using ROC, C-statistic, and Brier-score. A predictive Bayesian nomogram was established. External validation was performed, and causal network analysis was generated. Within the eight-year follow-up period, progression was reported in 51.5% of cases; of these, 48.6% had the T1a/b stage. Analysis showed upregulation of miR-221-3p and miR-222-3p and downregulation of miR-204-5p in 68 paired cancer tissues (p < 0.001). These three miRNAs were not differentially expressed in RAI and non-RAI groups. The ATA risk score showed poor discriminative ability (AUC = 0.518, p = 0.80). In contrast, the microRNA-based risk score showed high accuracy in predicting tumor progression in the whole cohorts (median = 1.87 vs. 0.39, AUC = 0.944) and RAI group (2.23 vs. 0.37, AUC = 0.979) at the cutoff >0.86 (92.6% accuracy, 88.6% sensitivity, 97% specificity) in the whole cohorts (C-statistics = 0.943/Brier = 0.083) and RAI subgroup (C-statistic = 0.978/Brier = 0.049). The high-score group had a three-fold increased progression risk (hazard ratio = 2.71, 95%CI = 1.86–3.96, p < 0.001) and shorter survival times (17.3 vs. 70.79 months, p < 0.001). Our prognostic microRNA signature and nomogram showed excellent predictive accuracy for progression-free survival in DTC.
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Bayat Z, Farhadi Z, Taherkhani A. Identification of potential biomarkers associated with poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma through integrated bioinformatics analysis: A pilot study. GENE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Lv D, Tan L, Ma H, Zhang Y, Lin J, Yu Y, Chen Z, Zhang Q, Ding Q, Deng Z. WITHDRAWN: LINC00342 promotes thyroid carcinoma progression by targeting miR-384/CHMP5 pathway. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 223:153272. [PMID: 34044217 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.153272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Lv
- Department of Pulmonology, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China
| | - Lin Tan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, 315010, China
| | - Hongying Ma
- Department of Pulmonology, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Pulmonology, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China
| | - Jun Lin
- Department of Neurology, Xiangshan County Red Cross Taiyou Hospital General Hospital of Medical and Health Group, Ningbo, 315731, China
| | - Yiming Yu
- Department of Pulmonology, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China
| | - Zhongbo Chen
- Department of Pulmonology, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China
| | - Qiaoli Zhang
- Department of Pulmonology, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China
| | - Qunli Ding
- Department of Pulmonology, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China.
| | - Zaichun Deng
- Department of Pulmonology, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China.
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Celakovsky P, Kovarikova H, Chrobok V, Mejzlik J, Laco J, Vosmikova H, Chmelarova M, Ryska A. MicroRNA Deregulation in Papillary Thyroid Cancer and its Relationship With BRAF V600E Mutation. In Vivo 2021; 35:319-323. [PMID: 33402480 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding regulatory molecules 18-25 nucleotides in length that act as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. MiRNAs affect various biological processes including carcinogenesis. Deregulation of miRNAa expression has been described in a variety of tumors including papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of selected miRNAs in PTC and find associations between miRNA expression and the BRAF (V600E) mutation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study group comprised a total of 62 patients with surgically treated PTC. The control group consisted of 30 patients with nodular goitre that were surgically treated in the same time period. The expression status of miR-146b, miR-181a, miR-187, miR-221 and miR-222 was determined using quantitative real-time PCR. BRAF mutation analysis was performed by PCR with reverse hybridization. RESULTS MiR-146b, miR-181a, miR-187, miR-221 and miR-222 were up-regulated in PTC compared to normal thyroid gland tissue of the same patient. MiR-146b, miR-187, miR-221 and miR-222 were also up-regulated in PTC compared to nodular goitre. The recurrent tumors were statistically significantly associated with up-regulation of miR-221. The mutation V600E of BRAF gene was significantly associated with up-regulation of miR-146b and with down-regulation of miR-187. CONCLUSION Over-expression of selected miRNAs in PTC compared to normal thyroid gland tissue and nodular goitre was found. Moreover, miR-221 may serve as a prognostic marker as its over-expression was significantly associated with recurrent tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Celakovsky
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Králové, Czech Republic;
| | - Helena Kovarikova
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Viktor Chrobok
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Mejzlik
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Laco
- Fingerland Department of Pathology, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Vosmikova
- Fingerland Department of Pathology, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Marcela Chmelarova
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Ales Ryska
- Fingerland Department of Pathology, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Králové, Czech Republic
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Guo N, Qu P, Li H, Liu L, Jin H, Liu R, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Li Y, Lu X, Zhao Y. BRCA2 3'-UTR Polymorphism rs15869 Alters Susceptibility to Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma via Binding hsa-mir-1178-3p. PHARMACOGENOMICS & PERSONALIZED MEDICINE 2021; 14:533-544. [PMID: 33986610 PMCID: PMC8112253 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s300783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the associations of polymorphisms in the following DNA double-strand break repair (DSBR) genes with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) risk (including RAD51 rs11852786, RAD51B rs963917, BRCA1 rs12516 and rs8176318, BRCA2 rs15869, XRCC4 rs2035990 and XRCC5 rs2440). Materials and Methods A matched case-control study was implemented to examine associations between PTC risk and the above polymorphisms. Subsequently, we evaluated the effects of the potential PTC susceptibility-related variant rs15869 on BRCA2 mRNA secondary structure and BRCA2 expression through bioinformatics analysis and experiment validation. Additionally, luciferase assay was used to identify whether rs15869 polymorphism can substantially affect the binding of hsa-miR-1178-3p to BRCA2 mRNA. Finally, Pearson correlation analysis was performed to determine the correlation between the expression of hsa-miR-1178-3p and BRCA2 mRNA and protein in thyroid tissues harboring rs15869 different genotypes. Results BRCA2 rs15869 CC genotype was associated with a higher risk of PTC than its AA genotype. Subsequently, stratified analyses came to the same conclusion in the female or age<50 population. Furthermore, we confirmed that the A-to-C substitution of rs15869 changed BRCA2 mRNA secondary structure and contributed to a decreased BRCA2 expression. Mechanistically, a significantly decreased luciferase activity verified a greater binding between hsa-miR-1178-3p and rs15869 C allele, but not the A allele, which was evidenced by the significant negative correlation between hsa-miR-1178-3p with BRCA2 mRNA and protein levels in thyroid tissues with AC and CC genotype but not AA genotype at rs15869. Conclusion BRCA2 rs15869 is characterized as a potential biomarker associated with PTC risk, highlighting the contribution of the hsa-miR-1178-3p via functional exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Guo
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Qu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Liuli Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Jin
- Jin Zhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Renqi Liu
- Jin Zhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Jin Zhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingchun Li
- Department of Central Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Lu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuejiao Zhao
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
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Oh JM, Ahn BC. Molecular mechanisms of radioactive iodine refractoriness in differentiated thyroid cancer: Impaired sodium iodide symporter (NIS) expression owing to altered signaling pathway activity and intracellular localization of NIS. Theranostics 2021; 11:6251-6277. [PMID: 33995657 PMCID: PMC8120202 DOI: 10.7150/thno.57689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The advanced, metastatic differentiated thyroid cancers (DTCs) have a poor prognosis mainly owing to radioactive iodine (RAI) refractoriness caused by decreased expression of sodium iodide symporter (NIS), diminished targeting of NIS to the cell membrane, or both, thereby decreasing the efficacy of RAI therapy. Genetic aberrations (such as BRAF, RAS, and RET/PTC rearrangements) have been reported to be prominently responsible for the onset, progression, and dedifferentiation of DTCs, mainly through the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathways. Eventually, these alterations result in a lack of NIS and disabling of RAI uptake, leading to the development of resistance to RAI therapy. Over the past decade, promising approaches with various targets have been reported to restore NIS expression and RAI uptake in preclinical studies. In this review, we summarized comprehensive molecular mechanisms underlying the dedifferentiation in RAI-refractory DTCs and reviews strategies for restoring RAI avidity by tackling the mechanisms.
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Long non-conding RNA LOXL1-AS1 sponges miR-589-5p to up-regulate CBX5 expression in renal cell carcinoma. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:226653. [PMID: 33185692 PMCID: PMC7670581 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20200212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common malignant tumor that seriously endangers people's health. In recent years, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been discovered to play vital roles in diverse cancers, including RCC. LncRNA lysyl oxidase like 1 antisense RNA 1 (LOXL1-AS1) has been found to exert carcinogenic functions in several cancers, but its role and mechanism in RCC have not been investigated. METHODS qRT-PCR was utilized for testing RNA expression and Western blot for protein expression in RCC tissues or cells. Then, we assessed cell function by conducting a series of functional experiments, such as 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine staining, colony formation, flow cytometry, JC-1, Western blot and transwell migration experiments. Following, RNA immunoprecipitation, pull down and luciferase reporter experiments were carried out to explore the regulatory mechanisms of LOXL1-AS1 in RCC. RESULTS LOXL1-AS1 was highly expressed in RCC tissues and cells. Moreover, knockdown of LOXL1-AS1 hampered RCC cell proliferation and migration. Importantly, miR-589-5p that was lowly expressed and worked as a tumor-inhibitor in RCC was found to bind with LOXL1-AS1. Furthermore, chromobox 5 (CBX5) targeted by miR-589-5p could expedite cell proliferation and migration in RCC. Finally, overexpressed CBX5 or inhibited miR-589-5p reversed the repressive impacts of silenced LOXL1-AS1 on RCC malignant phenotypes. CONCLUSIONS LncRNA LOXL1-AS1 sequestered miR-589-5p to augment CBX5 expression in RCC cells, opening a new way for potential development in RCC treatment.
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Epigenetic signature associated with thyroid cancer progression and metastasis. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 83:261-268. [PMID: 33785448 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is not among the top cancers in terms of diagnosis or mortality but it still ranks fifth among the cancers diagnosed in women. Infact, women are more likely to be diagnosed with thyroid cancer than the males. The burden of thyroid cancer has dramatically increased in last two decades in China and, in the United States, it is the most diagnosed cancer in young adults under the age of twenty-nine. All these factors make it worthwhile to fully understand the pathogenesis of thyroid cancer. Towards this end, microRNAs (miRNAs) have constantly emerged as the non-coding RNAs of interest in various thyroid cancer subtypes on which there have been numerous investigations over the last decade and half. This comprehensive review takes a look at the current knowledge on the topic with cataloging of miRNAs known so far, particularly related to their utility as epigenetic signatures of thyroid cancer progression and metastasis. Such information could be of immense use for the eventual development of miRNAs as therapeutic targets or even therapeutic agents for thyroid cancer therapy.
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Development of Flow Cytometric Assay for Detecting Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Related hsa-miR-146b-5p through Toehold-Mediated Strand Displacement Reaction on Magnetic Beads. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061628. [PMID: 33804111 PMCID: PMC7998802 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, a simple enzyme-free flow cytometric assay (termed as TSDR-based flow cytometric assay) has been developed for the detection of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC)-related microRNA (miRNA), hsa-miR-146b-5p with high performance through the toehold-mediated strand displacement reaction (TSDR) on magnetic beads (MBs). The complementary single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) probe of hsa-miR-146b-5p was first immobilized on the surface of MB, which can partly hybridize with the carboxy-fluorescein (FAM)-modified ssDNA, resulting in strong fluorescence emission. In the presence of hsa-miR-146b-5p, the TSDR is trigged, and the FAM-modified ssDNA is released form the MB surface due to the formation of DNA/RNA heteroduplexes on the MB surface. The fluorescence emission change of MBs can be easily read by flow cytometry and is strongly dependent on the concentration of hsa-miR-146b-5p. Under optimal conditions, the TSDR-based flow cytometric assay exhibits good specificity, a wide linear range from 5 to 5000 pM and a relatively low detection limit (LOD, 3σ) of 4.21 pM. Moreover, the practicability of the assay was demonstrated by the analysis of hsa-miR-146b-5p amounts in different PTC cells and clinical PTC tissues.
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Long non-coding RNA LINC00488 facilitates thyroid cancer cell progression through miR-376a-3p/PON2. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:227871. [PMID: 33600548 PMCID: PMC7926178 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20201603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) recently have been identified as influential indicators in a variety of malignancies. The aim of the present study was to identify a functional lncRNA LINC00488 and its effects on thyroid cancer in the view of cell proliferation and apoptosis. Methods: In order to evaluate the effects of LINC00488 on the cellular process of thyroid cancer, we performed a series of in vitro experiments, including cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, EdU (5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine) assay, flow cytometry, transwell chamber assay, Western blot and RT-qPCR. The target gene of LINC00488 was then identified by bioinformatics analysis (DIANA and TargetScan). Finally, a series of rescue experiments was conducted to validate the effect of LINC00488 and its target genes on proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis of thyroid cancer. Results: Our findings revealed that LINC00488 was highly expressed in thyroid cancer cell lines (BCPAP, BHP5-16, TPC-1 and CGTH-W3) and promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion, while inhibited the apoptosis of thyroid cancer cells (BCPAP and TPC-1). The results of bioinformatics analysis and dual luciferase reporter gene assay showed that LINC00488 could directly bind to miR-376a-3p and down-regulated the expression level of miR-376a-3p. In addition, Paraoxonase-2 (PON2) was a target gene of miR-376a-3p and negatively regulated by miR-376a-3p. Rescue experiment indicated that LINC00488 might enhance PON2 expression by sponging miR-376a-3p in thyroid cancer. Conclusion: Taken together, our study revealed that lncRNA LINC00488 acted as an oncogenic gene in the progression of thyroid cancer via regulating miR-376a-3p/PON2 axis, which indicated that LINC00488-miR-376a-3p-PON2 axis could serve as novel biomarkers or potential targets for the treatment of thyroid cancer.
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Hou S, Xie X, Zhao J, Wu C, Li N, Meng Z, Cai C, Tan J. Downregulation of miR-146b-3p Inhibits Proliferation and Migration and Modulates the Expression and Location of Sodium/Iodide Symporter in Dedifferentiated Thyroid Cancer by Potentially Targeting MUC20. Front Oncol 2021; 10:566365. [PMID: 33489878 PMCID: PMC7821393 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.566365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The dedifferentiation of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is a challenging problem for radioactive iodine (131I) treatment, also known as radioiodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RAIR-DTC). The purpose of this study was to further explore the mechanism of the redifferentiation of dedifferentiated thyroid cancer. Ineffective and effective groups of 131I therapy were analyzed and compared in both our clinical and TCGA samples. Whole-exome sequencing, mutation analysis, transcriptome analysis, and in vitro functional experiments were conducted. FLG, FRG1, MUC6, MUC20, and PRUNE2 were overlapping mutation genes between our clinical cases, and the TCGA cases only appeared in the ineffective group. The expression of miR-146b-3p target MUC20 was explored. The expression levels of miR-146b-3p and MUC20 were significantly increased, and the inhibition of miR-146b-3p expression significantly inhibited proliferation and migration, promoted apoptosis, regulated the expression and location of thyroid differentiation-related genes, and sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) in dedifferentiated thyroid cancer cells (WRO). Thus, miR-146b-3p potentially targets MUC20 participation in the formation of DTC dedifferentiation, resulting in resistance to 131I and the loss of the iodine uptake ability of DTC cancer foci, promoting refractory differentiated thyroid cancer. miR-146b-3p may be a potentially therapeutic target for the reapplication of 131I therapy in dedifferentiated thyroid cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Hou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaorui Xie
- Department of Pediatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Ultrasound, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Cailan Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Fourth Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhaowei Meng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunquan Cai
- Department of Pediatrics, Tianjin Children's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jian Tan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Yang Z, Li G, Ding C, Sun W, Zhang J. Long non-coding RNA HULC exerts oncogenic activity on papillary thyroid cancer in vitro and in vivo. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 48:326-335. [PMID: 31878795 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1703730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is a frequently happened malignancy in human endocrine system. Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) presents 70-80% of all thyroid cancer cases. Herein, we probed the possible oncogenic function of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) highly up-regulated in liver cancer (HULC) in PTC. First, the HULC and microRNA-106a (miR-106a) expressions in PTC tissues and cells were tested. Plasmids or miRNAs transfections were done for altering HULC and miR-106a expressions. Then, cells viability and apoptosis, along with cell proliferative, migratory and invasive abilities, were tested, respectively. The PI3K/AKT and Wnt/β-catenin pathways activities were measured. Finally, the animal model of PTC was constructed and the tumour volumes and weights were gauged. We discovered that HULC and miR-106a had relative high expression levels in PTC tissues and cells. HULC overexpression enhanced TPC-1 cells viability and cell proliferative, migratory and invasive abilities. Silencing HULC induced TPC-1 cell apoptosis. miR-106a engaged in the oncogenic impacts of HULC. Moreover, HULC overexpression boosted PI3K/AKT and Wnt/β-catenin pathways activities via raising miR-106a expression. Besides, HULC overexpression enhanced the volumes and weights of PTC tumours. To sum up, HULC exhibited oncogenic function on PTC in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijia Yang
- Department of Trauma Emergency, Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Guoqing Li
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chao Ding
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wencong Sun
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Cao J, Zhang M, Zhang L, Lou J, Zhou F, Fang M. Non-coding RNA in thyroid cancer - Functions and mechanisms. Cancer Lett 2020; 496:117-126. [PMID: 32949678 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignant tumor, and its incidence has increased significantly in the past few years. A growing number of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have shown abnormal expression patterns in human thyroid cancer in recent studies. Depending on size, ncRNAs are usually subdivided into two categories: short ncRNAs and long ncRNAs (longer than 200 nucleotides). Short ncRNAs include microRNAs (miRNAs), PIWI-interacting RNAs, small nucleolar RNAs, and endogenous small interfering RNAs, which have been extensively studied due to their roles in developmental and tumor biology. Compared to that of short ncRNAs, the involvement of lncRNAs in human cancers, especially in thyroid cancer, is not as well studied. Here, we reviewed the roles and clinical significance of miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circular RNA in thyroid development, tumorigenesis, and metastasis to offer a new approach to thyroid cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cao
- Department of Rare and Head and Neck Oncology, Institute of Cancer Research and Basic Medical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Mengdi Zhang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Long Zhang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jianlin Lou
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Cancer Research and Basic Medical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Fangfang Zhou
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Meiyu Fang
- Department of Rare and Head and Neck Oncology, Institute of Cancer Research and Basic Medical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China.
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Wei J, Wang L, Sun Y, Bao Y. LINC00662 contributes to the progression and the radioresistance of cervical cancer by regulating miR-497-5p and CDC25A. Cell Biochem Funct 2020; 38:1139-1151. [PMID: 32869878 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
It is reported that long intergenic non-coding RNA 00662 (LINC00662) plays an oncogenic role in tumours. However, the mechanism of LINC00662 in regulating the progression and radiosensitivity of cervical cancer (CC) is not clear. In this study, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was adopted to detect LINC00662 and miR-497-5p expressions in CC tissues and cells. The expression of cell division cycle 25 A (CDC25A) in CC cells was examined by Western blot. CC cell proliferation was determined by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and BrdU assays. The survival rate of CC cells was evaluated by colony formation assay under different doses of X-ray irradiation. CC cell migration and invasion were probed by Transwell assay. Besides, the interactions between miR-497-5p and LINC00662, and miR-497-5p and the 3'UTR of CDC25A were verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay, RIP assay, and RNA pull-down experiments. We demonstrated that, LINC00662 expression was remarkably raised in CC tissues and cell lines. LINC00662 overexpression promoted proliferation, migration, invasion and radioresistance of CC cells, and LINC00662 knockdown inhibited the above malignant phenotypes of CC cells. In terms of mechanism, LINC00662 facilitated CC progression and radioresistance by adsorbing miR-497-5p and indirectly up-regulating CDC25A expression. In a word, the LINC00662/miR-497-5p/CDC25A axis boosts proliferation and metastasis of CC cells and enhances the radioresistance of cancer cells. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY: CC poses a threat to the health of women all over the world. In this study, we demonstrated for the first time that LINC00662 expression was remarkably raised in CC tissues and cells. Cellular experiments confirmed that LINC00662 facilitated cell proliferation, migration, invasion and radiation resistance through the miR-497-5p/CDC25A axis, which might be a promising target for CC treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiemei Wei
- Department of Internal Medicine, Central Hospital of Linyi, Linyi, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Laboratory, The Third People's Hospital of Linyi, Linyi, China
| | - Yanli Sun
- Department of Laboratory, Dongchangfu District Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Liaocheng, Liaocheng, China
| | - Yongxin Bao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao, China
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Chen W, Liu L, Yang J, Wang Y. MicroRNA-146b correlates with decreased acute respiratory distress syndrome risk, reduced disease severity, and lower 28-day mortality in sepsis patients. J Clin Lab Anal 2020; 34:e23510. [PMID: 32845540 PMCID: PMC7755760 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of microRNA‐146b (miR‐146b) on acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) risk, and the correlation of miR‐146b with disease severity and 28‐day mortality in sepsis patients. Methods A total of 104 sepsis patients and 100 healthy controls (HCs) were consecutively enrolled, and miR‐146b relative expression in their plasma samples was detected by reverse transcription‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In sepsis patients, disease severity was assessed using Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score. ARDS occurrence and 28‐day mortality were recorded. Results MiR‐146b was decreased in sepsis patients compared to HCs. ARDS occurred in 30 (28.8%) sepsis patients, and miR‐146b was reduced in ARDS sepsis patients compared to non‐ARDS sepsis patients. Meanwhile, miR‐146b distinguished ARDS sepsis patients from non‐ARDS sepsis patients (area under the curve (AUC): 0.728, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.627‐0.829). Subsequent multivariate logistic regression showed that miR‐146b, age, smoke, respiratory infection, and serum creatinine predicted ARDS risk independently, and their combination well‐discriminated ARDS sepsis patients from non‐ARDS sepsis patients (AUC: 0.863, 95% CI: 0.792‐0.934). Additionally, miR‐146b was negatively correlated with serum creatinine, white blood cell, C‐reactive protein, APACHE II score, and SOFA score, while positively correlated with albumin. Regarding prognosis, miR‐146b was decreased in 28‐day sepsis deaths compared to 28‐day sepsis survivors, and it discriminated 28‐day sepsis deaths from 28‐day sepsis survivors (AUC: 0.785, 95% CI: 0.680‐0.890). Conclusion MiR‐146b might serve as a potential biomarker for ARDS prevention and prognostic reflection in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lili Liu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junhui Yang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yujun Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Ortega MA, Fraile-Martínez O, Guijarro LG, Casanova C, Coca S, Álvarez-Mon M, Buján J, García-Honduvilla N, Asúnsolo Á. The Regulatory Role of Mitochondrial MicroRNAs (MitomiRs) in Breast Cancer: Translational Implications Present and Future. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092443. [PMID: 32872155 PMCID: PMC7564393 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Mitochondrial microRNAs (mitomiRs) are an emerging field of study in a wide range of tumours including breast cancer. By targeting mitochondrial, or non-mitochondrial products, mitomiRs are able to regulate the functions of this organelle, thus controlling multiple carcinogenic processes. The knowledge of this system may provide a novel approach for targeted therapies, as potential biomarkers or helping in the diagnosis of such a complex malignancy. Abstract Breast cancer is the most prevalent and incident female neoplasm worldwide. Although survival rates have considerably improved, it is still the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules that regulate the posttranscriptional expression of a wide variety of genes. Although it is usually located in the cytoplasm, several studies have detected a regulatory role of microRNAs in other cell compartments such as the nucleus or mitochondrion, known as “mitomiRs”. MitomiRs are essential modulators of mitochondrion tasks and their abnormal expression has been linked to the aetiology of several human diseases related to mitochondrial dysfunction, including breast cancer. This review aims to examine basic knowledge of the role of mitomiRs in breast cancer and discusses their prospects as biomarkers or therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Ortega
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Unit of Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (O.F.-M.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Cancer Registry and Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario Principe de Asturias, 28806 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-91-885-4540; Fax: +34-91-885-4885
| | - Oscar Fraile-Martínez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Unit of Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (O.F.-M.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.)
| | - Luis G. Guijarro
- Department of System Biology, Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (CIBEREHD), University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain;
| | - Carlos Casanova
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Unit of Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (O.F.-M.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.)
| | - Santiago Coca
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Unit of Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (O.F.-M.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Melchor Álvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Unit of Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (O.F.-M.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology, Oncology Service an Internal Medicine, University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, (CIBEREHD), 28806 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julia Buján
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Unit of Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (O.F.-M.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Natalio García-Honduvilla
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Unit of Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (O.F.-M.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Ángel Asúnsolo
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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Knyazeva M, Korobkina E, Karizky A, Sorokin M, Buzdin A, Vorobyev S, Malek A. Reciprocal Dysregulation of MiR-146b and MiR-451 Contributes in Malignant Phenotype of Follicular Thyroid Tumor. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5950. [PMID: 32824921 PMCID: PMC7503510 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21175950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last few years, incidental thyroid nodules are being diagnosed with increasing frequency with the use of highly sensitive imaging techniques. The ultrasound thyroid gland examination, followed by the fine-needle aspiration cytology is the standard diagnostic approach. However, in cases of the follicular nature of nodules, cytological diagnosis is not enough. Analysis of miRNAs in the biopsy presents a promising approach. Increasing our knowledge of miRNA's role in follicular carcinogenesis, and development of the appropriate the miRNA analytical technologies are required to implement miRNA-based tests in clinical practice. We used material from follicular thyroid nodes (n.84), grouped in accordance with their invasive properties. The invasion-associated miRNAs expression alterations were assayed. Expression data were confirmed by highly sensitive two-tailed RT-qPCR. Reciprocally dysregulated miRNAs pair concentration ratios were explored as a diagnostic parameter using receiver operation curve (ROC) analysis. A new bioinformatics method (MiRImpact) was applied to evaluate the biological significance of the observed expression alterations. Coupled experimental and computational approaches identified reciprocal dysregulation of miR-146b and miR-451 as important attributes of follicular cell malignant transformation and follicular thyroid cancer progression. Thus, evaluation of combined dysregulation of miRNAs relevant to invasion and metastasis can help to distinguish truly malignant follicular thyroid cancer from indolent follicular adenoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Knyazeva
- Subcellular technology Lab., N. N. Petrov National Medical Center of Oncology, 197758 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.K.); (E.K.)
- Oncosystem Company Limited, 121205 Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Biomedical Systems and Biotechnologies, Peter the Great Saint. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU), 195251 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Korobkina
- Subcellular technology Lab., N. N. Petrov National Medical Center of Oncology, 197758 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.K.); (E.K.)
- Oncosystem Company Limited, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey Karizky
- Information Technologies and Programming Faculty, Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics (ITMO) University, 197101 Saint-Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Maxim Sorokin
- Institute of Personalized Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119048 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.); (A.B.)
- Omicsway Corporation, Walnut, CA 91789, USA
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anton Buzdin
- Institute of Personalized Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119048 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.); (A.B.)
- Omicsway Corporation, Walnut, CA 91789, USA
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Vorobyev
- National Center of Clinical Morphological Diagnostics, 192283 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Anastasia Malek
- Subcellular technology Lab., N. N. Petrov National Medical Center of Oncology, 197758 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.K.); (E.K.)
- Oncosystem Company Limited, 121205 Moscow, Russia
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Liu Y, Li L, Liu Z, Yuan Q, Lu X. Plasma miR-323 as a Biomarker for Screening Papillary Thyroid Cancer From Healthy Controls. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:122. [PMID: 32478079 PMCID: PMC7242560 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to evaluate whether plasma miR-323 serves as a potential biomarker to screen patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) from healthy controls. Real-time PCR was performed to evaluate miR-323 expression in healthy controls and benign thyroid nodule (BTN) and PTC patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate whether plasma miR-323 could be used to screen PTC patients from BTN patients and healthy controls. Plasma miR-323 was significantly increased in PTC patients compared with that in BNT patients and healthy controls. Moreover, miR-323 in the thyroid tissue was significantly increased in PTC patients when compared to BNT patients. We further showed that plasma and tissue miR-323 levels were significantly increased in PTC patients with metastasis compared to those without metastasis. Plasma miR-323 was significantly increased in PTC patients with BRAF V600E mutation when compared to those with wild-type BRAF. Furthermore, plasma miR-323 was significantly increased in PTC patients with higher Tg-FNAB. ROC analysis showed that plasma miR-323 could distinguish PTC patients from BNT patients and healthy controls. The present study demonstrated that plasma miR-323 might be an effective noninvasive indicator for PTC progression and serve as a biomarker for the diagnosis of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Dermatology, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qingling Yuan
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiubo Lu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Bao Y, Wei M, Ji X. MicroRNA-146b overexpression associates with deteriorated clinical characteristics, increased International Staging System stage, cacoethic chromosome abnormality, and unfavorable prognosis in multiple myeloma patients. J Clin Lab Anal 2020; 34:e23168. [PMID: 31908003 PMCID: PMC7246353 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNA-146b (miR-146b) is a critical regulator and prognosis biomarker in several hematological malignancies, whereas its role in multiple myeloma (MM) was unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the significance of miR-146b in MM patients. METHODS The plasma cells were separated from bone marrow samples of 180 symptomatic MM patients (before treatment) and 50 healthy controls (HCs), and subsequently detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction for miR-146b expression. RESULTS MiR-146b was increased in MM patients compared with HCs (P < .001), and it predicted increased MM risk (area under curve (AUC): 0.879, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.822-0.936). For clinical parameters, miR-146b was positively correlated with serum creatinine (P = .047), beta-2-microglobulin (P < .001), lactate dehydrogenase (P < .001), bone lesion (P = .027), International Staging System (ISS) stage (P < .001), and t (4; 14; P = .006), while negatively correlated with albumin (P = .004) in MM patients. For prognosis, miR-146b was decreased in complete response (CR) patients compared with non-CR patients (P = .025), as well as in overall response rate (ORR) patients compared with non-ORR patients (P = .036), and it discriminated CR patients from non-CR patients (AUC: 0.610, 95% CI: 0.523-0.698) and distinguished ORR patients from non-ORR patients (AUC: 0.602, 95% CI: 0.501-0.703) in MM patients. Moreover, miR-146b was correlated with worse progression-free survival (P = .007) and overall survival (P = .014) in MM patients. CONCLUSION MiR-146b was overexpressed in MM patients and predicted increased MM risk; meanwhile, it correlated with deteriorated clinical properties, increased ISS stage, cacoethic chromosome abnormality, and worse prognosis in MM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Bao
- Department of HematologyXiangyang No. 1 People’s HospitalHubei University of MedicineXiangyangChina
| | - Mingqin Wei
- Department of OncologyXiangyang No. 1 People’s HospitalHubei University of MedicineXiangyangChina
| | - Xiaohong Ji
- Department of HematologyShang Luo Central HospitalShangluoChina
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Al-Abdallah A, Jahanbani I, Mehdawi H, Ali RH, Al-Brahim N, Mojiminiyi O. The stress-activated protein kinase pathway and the expression of stanniocalcin-1 are regulated by miR-146b-5p in papillary thyroid carcinogenesis. Cancer Biol Ther 2020; 21:412-423. [PMID: 32037949 PMCID: PMC7515490 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2020.1721250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer. Deciphering the pathophysiological mechanisms that contribute to PTC development is essential to the discovery of optimal diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. MiR-146b-5p has been identified as a cancer-associated microRNA highly up-regulated in PTC. This study explores the hypothesis that miR-146b-5p contributes to papillary thyroid carcinogenesis through regulation of cell signaling pathways in a manner that overcomes the cellular growth suppressive events and provides survival advantage. The effect of miR-146b-5p inhibition on major cancer related signaling pathways and expression of Stanniocalcin-1 (STC1), an emerging molecule associated with stress response and carcinogenesis, was tested in cultured primary thyroid cells using luciferase reporter assays, quantitative real-time PCR, immunofluorescence staining, and flow cytometry. Our results demonstrated that miR-146b-5p inhibits the JNK/AP1 pathway activity and down-regulates the expression of STC-1 in thyroid-cultured cells and in thyroid tissue samples. In the presence of miR-146b-5p, PTC cells were resistant to cell death in response to oxidative stress. This is a novel report that miR-146b-5p directly targets STC1 and regulates the activity of JNK/AP1 pathway. Considering the importance of the JNK/AP1 pathway and STC1 in mediating many physiological and pathological processes like apoptosis, stress response and cellular metabolism, a biological regulator of these pathways would have a great scientific and clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iman Jahanbani
- Pathology Department, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Heba Mehdawi
- Pathology Department, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Rola H Ali
- Pathology Department, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
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Zheng H, Zhang G, Zhang L, Wang Q, Li H, Han Y, Xie L, Yan Z, Li Y, An Y, Dong H, Zhu W, Guo X. Comprehensive Review of Web Servers and Bioinformatics Tools for Cancer Prognosis Analysis. Front Oncol 2020; 10:68. [PMID: 32117725 PMCID: PMC7013087 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Prognostic biomarkers are of great significance to predict the outcome of patients with cancer, to guide the clinical treatments, to elucidate tumorigenesis mechanisms, and offer the opportunity of identifying therapeutic targets. To screen and develop prognostic biomarkers, high throughput profiling methods including gene microarray and next-generation sequencing have been widely applied and shown great success. However, due to the lack of independent validation, only very few prognostic biomarkers have been applied for clinical practice. In order to cross-validate the reliability of potential prognostic biomarkers, some groups have collected the omics datasets (i.e., epigenetics/transcriptome/proteome) with relative follow-up data (such as OS/DSS/PFS) of clinical samples from different cohorts, and developed the easy-to-use online bioinformatics tools and web servers to assist the biomarker screening and validation. These tools and web servers provide great convenience for the development of prognostic biomarkers, for the study of molecular mechanisms of tumorigenesis and progression, and even for the discovery of important therapeutic targets. Aim to help researchers to get a quick learning and understand the function of these tools, the current review delves into the introduction of the usage, characteristics and algorithms of tools, and web servers, such as LOGpc, KM plotter, GEPIA, TCPA, OncoLnc, PrognoScan, MethSurv, SurvExpress, UALCAN, etc., and further help researchers to select more suitable tools for their own research. In addition, all the tools introduced in this review can be reached at http://bioinfo.henu.edu.cn/WebServiceList.html.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zheng
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Software, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Guosen Zhang
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Software, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Software, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Software, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Huimin Li
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Software, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yali Han
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Software, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Longxiang Xie
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Software, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Zhongyi Yan
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Software, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yongqiang Li
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Software, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yang An
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Software, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Huan Dong
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Software, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Wan Zhu
- Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Xiangqian Guo
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Software, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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Chen Y, Gao H, Li Y. Inhibition of LncRNA FOXD3-AS1 suppresses the aggressive biological behaviors of thyroid cancer via elevating miR-296-5p and inactivating TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 500:110634. [PMID: 31678422 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.110634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid cancer is the most common malignant tumor with relatively high incidence and mortality in endocrine system. Research about thyroid cancer-related targets is the basis for the diagnosis of thyroid cancer and the development of new drugs. However, the predictive value of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) for the diagnosis and prognosis of thyroid cancer is still in the preliminary stage of exploration. Thus, we for the first time investigated the effects and associated regulatory mechanism of lncRNA Forkhead box D3 antisense RNA 1 (FOXD3-AS1) in thyroid cancer in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to measure the expression of lncRNA FOXD3-AS1 and miR-296-5p. Cell proliferation was detected through colony formation assay. Cell cycle was analyzed through flow cytometry. Cell mobility was valued through transwell invasion assay and wound healing assay. Western blotting was used to examine the expression of proteins related to cell proliferation and cell migration and TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway. Luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the targeting relationship between FOXD3-AS1 and miR-296-5p. Tumor xenograft model was established and immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to examine the expression of Ki67 and VEGF. RESULTS We found that the expression of lncRNA FOXD3-AS1was upregulated and it had negative correlation with the level of miR-296-5p in thyroid cancer tissues and cells. LncRNA FOXD3-AS1 knockdown effectively suppressed cell proliferation and cell invasion in vitro. Further study revealed that miR-296-5p was a target of lncRNA FOXD3-AS1 and FOXD3-AS1 exerted anti-tumor effect through up-regulating miR-296-5p. Moreover, we found that FOXD3-AS1 knockdown suppressed the aggressive biological behaviors of thyroid cancer through inactivating the TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway. Subsequently, the in vivo experiments further verified that the FOXD3-AS1/miR-296-5p axis exerted obvious anti-tumor effect through inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis and the TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway was also inactivated in vivo by the inhibition of FOXD3-AS1. CONCLUSION Inhibition of LncRNA FOXD3-AS1 suppresses the aggressive biological behaviors of thyroid cancer via elevating miR-296-5p and inactivating TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Hongbo Gao
- Department of Radionuclide Treatment center, Beijing Nuclear Industry Hospital, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Yaomei Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Mine Hospital of Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, China
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