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Bosak A, Dubois M, Korobkina E, Lychagin E, Muzychka A, Nekhaev G, Nesvizhevsky V, Nezvanov A, Saerbeck T, Schweins R, Strelkov A, Turlybekuly K, Zhernenkov K. Effect of Nanodiamond Sizes on the Efficiency of the Quasi-Specular Reflection of Cold Neutrons. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:703. [PMID: 36676440 PMCID: PMC9866128 DOI: 10.3390/ma16020703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials can intensively scatter and/or reflect radiation. Such processes and materials are of theoretical and practical interest. Here, we study the quasi-specular reflections (QSRs) of cold neutrons (CNs) and the reflections of very cold neutrons (VCNs) from nanodiamond (ND) powders. The fluorination of ND increased its efficiency by removing/replacing hydrogen, which is otherwise the dominant cause of neutron loss due to incoherent scattering. The probability of the diffuse reflection of VCNs increased for certain neutron wavelengths by using appropriate ND sizes. Based on model concepts of the interaction of CNs with ND, and in reference to our previous work, we assume that the angular distribution of quasi-specularly reflected CNs is narrower, and that the probability of QSRs of longer wavelength neutrons increases if we increase the characteristic sizes of NDs compared to standard detonation nanodiamonds (DNDs). However, the probability of QSRs of CNs with wavelengths below the cutoff of ~4.12 Å decreases due to diffraction scattering on the ND crystal lattice. We experimentally compared the QSRs of CNs from ~4.3 nm and ~15.0 nm ND. Our qualitative conclusions and numerical estimates can help optimize the parameters of ND for specific practical applications based on the QSRs of CNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexei Bosak
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Av. des Martyrs, F-38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Marc Dubois
- Clermont Auvergne INP, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS UMR6296, 24 Av. Blaise Pascal, F-63178 Aubière, France
| | - Ekaterina Korobkina
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Egor Lychagin
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 6 Joliot Curie, Ru-141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - Alexei Muzychka
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 6 Joliot Curie, Ru-141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - Grigory Nekhaev
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 6 Joliot Curie, Ru-141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - Valery Nesvizhevsky
- Institut Max von Laue—Paul Langevin, 71 Av. des Martyrs, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Alexander Nezvanov
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 6 Joliot Curie, Ru-141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - Thomas Saerbeck
- Institut Max von Laue—Paul Langevin, 71 Av. des Martyrs, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Ralf Schweins
- Institut Max von Laue—Paul Langevin, 71 Av. des Martyrs, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Alexander Strelkov
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 6 Joliot Curie, Ru-141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - Kylyshbek Turlybekuly
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 6 Joliot Curie, Ru-141980 Dubna, Russia
- Faculty of Physics and Technology, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Satpayev Str. 2, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
- The Institute of Nuclear Physics, Ministry of Energy of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Ibragimova Str. 1, Almaty 0500032, Kazakhstan
| | - Kirill Zhernenkov
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 6 Joliot Curie, Ru-141980 Dubna, Russia
- JCNS at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Forschungzentrum Jülich GmbH, 1 Lichtenbergstrasse, D-85748 Garching, Germany
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2
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Chernyavsky SM, Dubois M, Korobkina E, Lychagin EV, Muzychka AY, Nekhaev GV, Nesvizhevsky VV, Nezvanov AY, Strelkov AV, Zhernenkov KN. Enhanced directional extraction of very cold neutrons using a diamond nanoparticle powder reflector. Rev Sci Instrum 2022; 93:123302. [PMID: 36586889 DOI: 10.1063/5.0124833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
For more than a decade, detonation nanodiamond (DND) powders have been actively studied as a material for efficient reflectors of very cold neutrons (VCNs) and cold neutrons. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate, for the first time, the possibility of enhanced directional extraction of a VCN beam using a reflector made of fluorinated DND powder. With respect to the theoretical flux calculated from an isotropic source at the bottom of the reflector cavity, the gain in the VCN flux density along the beam axis is ∼10 for the neutron velocities of ∼57 and ∼75 m/s. The use of such reflectors for enhanced directional extraction of VCN from neutron sources will make it possible to noticeably increase the neutron fluxes delivered to experiments and expand the scope of VCN applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Chernyavsky
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute," 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - M Dubois
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF UMR 6296), CNRS, 63178 Auvergne, France
| | - E Korobkina
- NC State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-710, USA
| | - E V Lychagin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - A Yu Muzychka
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - G V Nekhaev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | | | - A Yu Nezvanov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - A V Strelkov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - K N Zhernenkov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia
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3
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Luciano AK, Korobkina E, Lyons SP, Haley JA, Fluharty S, Jung SM, Kettenbach AN, Guertin DA. Proximity labeling of endogenous RICTOR identifies mTOR Complex 2 regulation by ADP ribosylation factor ARF1. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102379. [PMID: 35973513 PMCID: PMC9513271 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 2 (mTORC2) regulates metabolism, cell proliferation, and cell survival. mTORC2 activity is stimulated by growth factors, and it phosphorylates the hydrophobic motif site of the AGC kinases AKT, SGK, and PKC. However, the proteins that interact with mTORC2 to control its activity and localization remain poorly defined. To identify mTORC2-interacting proteins in living cells, we tagged endogenous RICTOR, an essential mTORC2 subunit, with the modified BirA biotin ligase BioID2 and performed live-cell proximity labeling. We identified 215 RICTOR-proximal proteins, including proteins with known mTORC2 pathway interactions, and 135 proteins (63%) not previously linked to mTORC2 signaling, including nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins. Our imaging and cell fractionation experiments suggest nearly 30% of RICTOR is in the nucleus, hinting at potential nuclear functions. We also identified 29 interactors containing RICTOR-dependent, insulin-stimulated phosphorylation sites, thus providing insight into mTORC2-dependent insulin signaling dynamics. Finally, we identify the endogenous ADP ribosylation factor 1 (ARF1) GTPase as an mTORC2-interacting protein. Through gain-of-function and loss-of-function studies, we provide functional evidence that ARF1 may negatively regulate mTORC2. In summary, we present a new method of studying endogenous mTORC2, a resource of RICTOR/mTORC2 protein interactions in living cells, and a potential mechanism of mTORC2 regulation by the ARF1 GTPase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia K Luciano
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605
| | - Ekaterina Korobkina
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605
| | - Scott P Lyons
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755
| | - John A Haley
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605
| | - Shelagh Fluharty
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605
| | - Su Myung Jung
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605
| | - Arminja N Kettenbach
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755; Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755
| | - David A Guertin
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605; Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605.
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Korobkina E, Berkutov I, Golub R, Huffman P, Hickman C, Leung K, Medlin G, Morano MJ, Rao T, Teander C, White C, Young AR. Growing solid deuterium for UCN production. JNR 2022. [DOI: 10.3233/jnr-220010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We have experimentally studied growing a large (about 1 liter) solid ortho-deuterium crystal in a real UCN source cryostat and recorded the growing process optically using a camera. The best quality was observed when growing the crystal directly from a vapor phase. The crystal was grown at different mass flows of deuterium and annealed at different temperatures. Optimum conditions were found for both, obtaining an optically transparent crystal and cooling it down with minimal damage. We found that the quality, final shape and changes during annealing of the crystal are very much dependent on the temperature profile of the cryostat walls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Korobkina
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, NC State University, NC, USA
- Department of Physics, NC State University, NC, USA
- Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Igor Berkutov
- Department of Physics, NC State University, NC, USA
- Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Robert Golub
- Department of Physics, NC State University, NC, USA
- Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Paul Huffman
- Department of Physics, NC State University, NC, USA
- Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Clark Hickman
- Department of Physics, NC State University, NC, USA
- Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kent Leung
- Department of Physics, NC State University, NC, USA
- Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Montclair State University, NJ, USA
| | - Graham Medlin
- Department of Physics, NC State University, NC, USA
- Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Matthew J. Morano
- Department of Physics, NC State University, NC, USA
- Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Thomas Rao
- Department of Physics, NC State University, NC, USA
- Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Cole Teander
- Department of Physics, NC State University, NC, USA
- Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Christian White
- Department of Physics, NC State University, NC, USA
- Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Albert R. Young
- Department of Physics, NC State University, NC, USA
- Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, Durham, NC, USA
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Aleksenskii A, Bleuel M, Bosak A, Chumakova A, Dideikin A, Dubois M, Korobkina E, Lychagin E, Muzychka A, Nekhaev G, Nesvizhevsky V, Nezvanov A, Schweins R, Shvidchenko A, Strelkov A, Turlybekuly K, Vul’ A, Zhernenkov K. Effect of Particle Sizes on the Efficiency of Fluorinated Nanodiamond Neutron Reflectors. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:nano11113067. [PMID: 34835831 PMCID: PMC8620422 DOI: 10.3390/nano11113067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Over a decade ago, it was confirmed that detonation nanodiamond (DND) powders reflect very cold neutrons (VCNs) diffusively at any incidence angle and that they reflect cold neutrons quasi-specularly at small incidence angles. In the present publication, we report the results of a study on the effect of particle sizes on the overall efficiency of neutron reflectors made of DNDs. To perform this study, we separated, by centrifugation, the fraction of finer DND nanoparticles (which are referred to as S-DNDs here) from a broad initial size distribution and experimentally and theoretically compared the performance of such a neutron reflector with that from deagglomerated fluorinated DNDs (DF-DNDs). Typical commercially available DNDs with the size of ~4.3 nm are close to the optimum for VCNs with a typical velocity of ~50 m/s, while smaller and larger DNDs are more efficient for faster and slower VCN velocities, respectively. Simulations show that, for a realistic reflector geometry, the replacement of DF-DNDs (a reflector with the best achieved performance) by S-DNDs (with smaller size DNDs) increases the neutron albedo in the velocity range above ~60 m/s. This increase in the albedo results in an increase in the density of faster VCNs in such a reflector cavity of up to ~25% as well as an increase in the upper boundary of the velocities of efficient VCN reflection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksander Aleksenskii
- Laboratory of Physics for Cluster Structures, Ioffe Institute, Polytechnicheskaya Str. 26, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.A.); (A.D.); (A.S.); (A.V.)
| | - Marcus Bleuel
- National Institute of Standards and Technology Center for Neutron Research, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA;
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Alexei Bosak
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 av. des Martyrs, F-38042 Grenoble, France; (A.B.); (A.C.)
| | - Alexandra Chumakova
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 av. des Martyrs, F-38042 Grenoble, France; (A.B.); (A.C.)
| | - Artur Dideikin
- Laboratory of Physics for Cluster Structures, Ioffe Institute, Polytechnicheskaya Str. 26, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.A.); (A.D.); (A.S.); (A.V.)
| | - Marc Dubois
- Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF UME 6296), Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, 24 av. Blaise Pascal, F-63178 Aubière, France;
| | - Ekaterina Korobkina
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA;
| | - Egor Lychagin
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 6 Joliot Curie, 141980 Dubna, Russia; (E.L.); (A.M.); (G.N.); (A.N.); (A.S.); (K.T.); (K.Z.)
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Dubna State University, Universitetskaya 19, 141982 Dubna, Russia
| | - Alexei Muzychka
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 6 Joliot Curie, 141980 Dubna, Russia; (E.L.); (A.M.); (G.N.); (A.N.); (A.S.); (K.T.); (K.Z.)
| | - Grigory Nekhaev
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 6 Joliot Curie, 141980 Dubna, Russia; (E.L.); (A.M.); (G.N.); (A.N.); (A.S.); (K.T.); (K.Z.)
| | - Valery Nesvizhevsky
- Institut Max von Laue–Paul Langevin, 71 av. des Martyrs, F-38042 Grenoble, France;
- Correspondence:
| | - Alexander Nezvanov
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 6 Joliot Curie, 141980 Dubna, Russia; (E.L.); (A.M.); (G.N.); (A.N.); (A.S.); (K.T.); (K.Z.)
| | - Ralf Schweins
- Institut Max von Laue–Paul Langevin, 71 av. des Martyrs, F-38042 Grenoble, France;
| | - Alexander Shvidchenko
- Laboratory of Physics for Cluster Structures, Ioffe Institute, Polytechnicheskaya Str. 26, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.A.); (A.D.); (A.S.); (A.V.)
| | - Alexander Strelkov
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 6 Joliot Curie, 141980 Dubna, Russia; (E.L.); (A.M.); (G.N.); (A.N.); (A.S.); (K.T.); (K.Z.)
| | - Kylyshbek Turlybekuly
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 6 Joliot Curie, 141980 Dubna, Russia; (E.L.); (A.M.); (G.N.); (A.N.); (A.S.); (K.T.); (K.Z.)
- Faculty of Physics and Technology, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Satpayev Str. 2, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan
- The Institute of Nuclear Physics, Ministry of Energy of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Ibragimova Str. 1, Almaty 050032, Kazakhstan
| | - Alexander Vul’
- Laboratory of Physics for Cluster Structures, Ioffe Institute, Polytechnicheskaya Str. 26, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.A.); (A.D.); (A.S.); (A.V.)
| | - Kirill Zhernenkov
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 6 Joliot Curie, 141980 Dubna, Russia; (E.L.); (A.M.); (G.N.); (A.N.); (A.S.); (K.T.); (K.Z.)
- JCNS at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Forshungzentrum Julich GmbH, 1 Lichtenbergstrasse, G-85748 Garching, Germany
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6
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Knyazeva M, Korobkina E, Karizky A, Sorokin M, Buzdin A, Vorobyev S, Malek A. Reciprocal Dysregulation of MiR-146b and MiR-451 Contributes in Malignant Phenotype of Follicular Thyroid Tumor. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5950. [PMID: 32824921 PMCID: PMC7503510 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21175950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last few years, incidental thyroid nodules are being diagnosed with increasing frequency with the use of highly sensitive imaging techniques. The ultrasound thyroid gland examination, followed by the fine-needle aspiration cytology is the standard diagnostic approach. However, in cases of the follicular nature of nodules, cytological diagnosis is not enough. Analysis of miRNAs in the biopsy presents a promising approach. Increasing our knowledge of miRNA's role in follicular carcinogenesis, and development of the appropriate the miRNA analytical technologies are required to implement miRNA-based tests in clinical practice. We used material from follicular thyroid nodes (n.84), grouped in accordance with their invasive properties. The invasion-associated miRNAs expression alterations were assayed. Expression data were confirmed by highly sensitive two-tailed RT-qPCR. Reciprocally dysregulated miRNAs pair concentration ratios were explored as a diagnostic parameter using receiver operation curve (ROC) analysis. A new bioinformatics method (MiRImpact) was applied to evaluate the biological significance of the observed expression alterations. Coupled experimental and computational approaches identified reciprocal dysregulation of miR-146b and miR-451 as important attributes of follicular cell malignant transformation and follicular thyroid cancer progression. Thus, evaluation of combined dysregulation of miRNAs relevant to invasion and metastasis can help to distinguish truly malignant follicular thyroid cancer from indolent follicular adenoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Knyazeva
- Subcellular technology Lab., N. N. Petrov National Medical Center of Oncology, 197758 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.K.); (E.K.)
- Oncosystem Company Limited, 121205 Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Biomedical Systems and Biotechnologies, Peter the Great Saint. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU), 195251 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Korobkina
- Subcellular technology Lab., N. N. Petrov National Medical Center of Oncology, 197758 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.K.); (E.K.)
- Oncosystem Company Limited, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey Karizky
- Information Technologies and Programming Faculty, Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics (ITMO) University, 197101 Saint-Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Maxim Sorokin
- Institute of Personalized Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119048 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.); (A.B.)
- Omicsway Corporation, Walnut, CA 91789, USA
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anton Buzdin
- Institute of Personalized Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119048 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.); (A.B.)
- Omicsway Corporation, Walnut, CA 91789, USA
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Vorobyev
- National Center of Clinical Morphological Diagnostics, 192283 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Anastasia Malek
- Subcellular technology Lab., N. N. Petrov National Medical Center of Oncology, 197758 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.K.); (E.K.)
- Oncosystem Company Limited, 121205 Moscow, Russia
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7
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Leung K, Ahmed M, Alarcon R, Aleksandrova A, Baeßler S, Barrón-Palos L, Bartoszek L, Beck D, Behzadipour M, Bessuille J, Blatnik M, Broering M, Broussard L, Busch M, Carr R, Chu PH, Cianciolo V, Clayton S, Cooper M, Crawford C, Currie S, Daurer C, Dipert R, Dow K, Dutta D, Efremenko Y, Erickson C, Filippone B, Fomin N, Gao H, Golub R, Gould C, Greene G, Haase D, Hasell D, Hawari A, Hayden M, Holley A, Holt R, Huffman P, Ihloff E, Ito T, Kelsey J, Kim Y, Korobkina E, Korsch W, Lamoreaux S, Leggett E, Lipman A, Liu CY, Long J, MacDonald S, Makela M, Matlashov A, Maxwell J, McCrea M, Mendenhall M, Meyer H, Milner R, Mueller P, Nouri N, O'Shaughnessy C, Osthelder C, Peng JC, Penttila S, Phan N, Plaster B, Ramsey J, Rao T, Redwine R, Reid A, Saftah A, Seidel G, Silvera I, Slutsky S, Smith E, Snow W, Sondheim W, Sosothikul S, Stanislaus T, Sun X, Swank C, Tang Z, Dinani RT, Tsentalovich E, Vidal C, Wei W, White C, Williamson S, Yang L, Yao W, Young A. The neutron electric dipole moment experiment at the Spallation Neutron Source. EPJ Web Conf 2019. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201921902005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel experimental techniques are required to make the next big leap in neutron electric dipole moment experimental sensitivity, both in terms of statistics and systematic error control. The nEDM experiment at the Spallation Neutron Source (nEDM@SNS) will implement the scheme of Golub & Lamoreaux [Phys. Rep., 237, 1 (1994)]. The unique properties of combining polarized ultracold neutrons, polarized 3He, and superfluid 4He will be exploited to provide a sensitivity to ∼ 10−28 e · cm. Our cryogenic apparatus will deploy two small (3 L) measurement cells with a high density of ultracold neutrons produced and spin analyzed in situ. The electric field strength, precession time, magnetic shielding, and detected UCN number will all be enhanced compared to previous room temperature Ramsey measurements. Our 3He co-magnetometer offers unique control of systematic effects, in particular the Bloch-Siegert induced false EDM. Furthermore, there will be two distinct measurement modes: free precession and dressed spin. This will provide an important self-check of our results. Following five years of “critical component demonstration,” our collaboration transitioned to a “large scale integration” phase in 2018. An overview of our measurement techniques, experimental design, and brief updates are described in these proceedings.
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8
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Yang L, Brome CR, Butterworth JS, Dzhosyuk SN, Mattoni CEH, McKinsey DN, Michniak RA, Doyle JM, Golub R, Korobkina E, O'Shaughnessy CM, Palmquist GR, Seo PN, Huffman PR, Coakley KJ, Mumm HP, Thompson AK, Yang GL, Lamoreaux SK. Invited article: development of high-field superconducting Ioffe magnetic traps. Rev Sci Instrum 2008; 79:031301. [PMID: 18376990 DOI: 10.1063/1.2897133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We describe the design, construction, and performance of three generations of superconducting Ioffe magnetic traps. The first two are low current traps, built from four racetrack shaped quadrupole coils and two solenoid assemblies. Coils are wet wound with multifilament NbTi superconducting wires embedded in epoxy matrices. The magnet bore diameters are 51 and 105 mm with identical trap depths of 1.0 T at their operating currents and at 4.2 K. A third trap uses a high current accelerator-type quadrupole magnet and two low current solenoids. This trap has a bore diameter of 140 mm and tested trap depth of 2.8 T. Both low current traps show signs of excessive training. The high current hybrid trap, on the other hand, exhibits good training behavior and is amenable to quench protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Yang
- Physics Department, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
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9
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Dzhosyuk SN, Copete A, Doyle JM, Yang L, Coakley KJ, Golub R, Korobkina E, Kreft T, Lamoreaux SK, Thompson AK, Yang GL, Huffman PR. Determination of the Neutron Lifetime Using Magnetically Trapped Neutrons. J Res Natl Inst Stand Technol 2005; 110:339-43. [PMID: 27308147 PMCID: PMC4852826 DOI: 10.6028/jres.110.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/11/2004] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We report progress on an experiment to measure the neutron lifetime using magnetically trapped neutrons. Neutrons are loaded into a 1.1 T deep superconducting Ioffe-type trap by scattering 0.89 nm neutrons in isotopically pure superfluid (4)He. Neutron decays are detected in real time using the scintillation light produced in the helium by the beta-decay electrons. The measured trap lifetime at a helium temperature of 300 mK and with no ameliorative magnetic ramping is substantially shorter than the free neutron lifetime. This is attributed to the presence of neutrons with energies higher than the magnetic potential of the trap. Magnetic field ramping is implemented to eliminate these neutrons, resulting in an [Formula: see text] trap lifetime, consistent with the currently accepted value of the free neutron lifetime.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A Copete
- Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - J M Doyle
- Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - L Yang
- Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - K J Coakley
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - R Golub
- North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | | | - T Kreft
- Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - S K Lamoreaux
- Los Alamos National Laborataory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - A K Thompson
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - G L Yang
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - P R Huffman
- North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
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