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Xie Z, Zhang Q, Xia C, Dong C, Li D, Liu X, Kong X, Zhang L. Identification of the early leaf senescence gene ELS3 in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). PLANTA 2023; 259:5. [PMID: 37994951 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04278-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Characterization of the early leaf senescence mutant els3 and identification of its causal gene ELS3, which encodes an LRR-RLK protein in wheat. Leaf senescence is an important agronomic trait that affects both crop yield and quality. However, few senescence-related genes in wheat have been cloned and functionally analyzed. Here, we report the characterization of the early leaf senescence mutant els3 and fine mapping of its causal gene ELS3 in wheat. Compared with wild-type Yanzhan4110 (YZ4110), the els3 mutant had a decreased chlorophyll content and a degraded chloroplast structure after the flowering stage. Further biochemical assays in flag leaves showed that the superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide contents increased, while the activities of antioxidant enzymes, including catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase, decreased gradually after the flowering stage in the els3 mutant. To clone the causal gene underlying the phenotype of leaf senescence, a genetic map was constructed using 10,133 individuals of F2:3 populations, and ELS3 was located in a 2.52 Mb region on chromosome 2DL containing 16 putative genes. Subsequent sequence analysis and gene annotation identified only one SNP (C to T) in the first exon of TraesCS2D02G332700, resulting in an amino acid substitution (Pro329Ser), and TraesCS2D02G332700 was preliminarily considered as the candidate gene of ELS3. ELS3 encodes a leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase (LRR-RLK) protein that is localized on the cell membrane. We also found that the transient expression of mutant TraesCS2D02G332700 can induce leaf senescence in N. benthamiana. Taken together, TraesCS2D02G332700 is likely to be the candidate gene of ELS3 and may have a function in regulating leaf senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhencheng Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chuan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Chunhao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Danping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Xiuying Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Lichao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Yadav BG, Aakanksha, Kumar R, Yadava SK, Kumar A, Ramchiary N. Understanding the Proteomes of Plant Development and Stress Responses in Brassica Crops. J Proteome Res 2023; 22:660-680. [PMID: 36786770 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Brassica crops have great economic value due to their rich nutritional content and are therefore grown worldwide as oilseeds, vegetables, and condiments. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms associated with the advantageous phenotype is the major objective of various Brassica improvement programs. As large technological advancements have been achieved in the past decade, the methods to understand molecular mechanisms underlying the traits of interest have also taken a sharp upturn in plant breeding practices. Proteomics has emerged as one of the preferred choices nowadays along with genomics and other molecular approaches, as proteins are the ultimate effector molecules responsible for phenotypic changes in living systems, and allow plants to resist variable environmental stresses. In the last two decades, rapid progress has been made in the field of proteomics research in Brassica crops, but a comprehensive review that collates the different studies is lacking. This review provides an inclusive summary of different proteomic studies undertaken in Brassica crops for cytoplasmic male sterility, oil content, and proteomics of floral organs and seeds, under different biotic and abiotic stresses including post-translational modifications of proteins. This comprehensive review will help in understanding the role of different proteins in controlling plant phenotypes, and provides information for initiating future studies on Brassica breeding and improvement programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bal Govind Yadav
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, Delhi, India
| | - Aakanksha
- Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, Delhi, India
| | - Rahul Kumar
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, Delhi, India
| | - Satish Kumar Yadava
- Centre for Genetic Manipulation of Crop Plants, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, Delhi, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Plant Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod 671316, Kerala, India
| | - Nirala Ramchiary
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, Delhi, India
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3
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Bawa G, Liu Z, Zhou Y, Fan S, Ma Q, Tissue DT, Sun X. Cotton proteomics: Dissecting the stress response mechanisms in cotton. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1035801. [PMID: 36466262 PMCID: PMC9714328 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1035801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The natural environment of plants comprises a complex set of biotic and abiotic stresses, and plant responses to these stresses are complex as well. Plant proteomics approaches have significantly revealed dynamic changes in plant proteome responses to stress and developmental processes. Thus, we reviewed the recent advances in cotton proteomics research under changing environmental conditions, considering the progress and challenging factors. Finally, we highlight how single-cell proteomics is revolutionizing plant research at the proteomics level. We envision that future cotton proteomics research at the single-cell level will provide a more complete understanding of cotton's response to stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Bawa
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Zhixin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yaping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Shuli Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, China
| | - Qifeng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, China
| | - David T. Tissue
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, NSW, Australia
| | - Xuwu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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Liu Q, Li L, Feng Z, Yu S. Uncovering Novel Genomic Regions and Candidate Genes for Senescence-Related Traits by Genome-Wide Association Studies in Upland Cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:809522. [PMID: 35069667 PMCID: PMC8766411 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.809522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Senescence in plants is a complex trait, which is controlled by both genetic and environmental factors and can affect the yield and quality of cotton. However, the genetic basis of cotton senescence remains relatively unknown. In this study, we reported genome-wide association studies (GWAS) based on 185 accessions of upland cotton and 26,999 high-quality single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to reveal the genetic basis of cotton senescence. To determine cotton senescence, we evaluated eight traits/indices. Our results revealed a high positive correlation (r>0.5) among SPAD value 20 days after topping (SPAD20d), relative difference of SPAD (RSPAD), nodes above white flower on topping day (NAWF0d), nodes above white flower 7 days after topping (NAWF7d), and number of open bolls on the upper four branches (NB), and genetic analysis revealed that all traits had medium or high heritability ranging from 0.53 to 0.86. Based on a multi-locus method (FASTmrMLM), a total of 63 stable and significant quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) were detected, which represented 50 genomic regions (GWAS risk loci) associated with cotton senescence. We observed three reliable loci located on chromosomes A02 (A02_105891088_107196428), D03 (D03_37952328_38393621) and D13 (D13_59408561_60730103) because of their high repeatability. One candidate gene (Ghir_D03G011060) was found in the locus D03_37952328_38393621, and its Arabidopsis thaliana homologous gene (AT5G23040) encodes a cell growth defect factor-like protein (CDF1), which might be involved in chlorophyll synthesis and cell death. Moreover, qRT-PCR showed that the transcript level of Ghir_D03G011060 was down-regulated in old cotton leaves, and virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) indicated that silencing of Ghir_D03G011060 resulted in leaf chlorosis and promoted leaf senescence. In addition, two candidate genes (Ghir_A02G017660 and Ghir_D13G021720) were identified in loci A02_105891088_107196428 and D13_59408561_60730103, respectively. These results provide new insights into the genetic basis of cotton senescence and will serve as an important reference for the development and implementation of strategies to prevent premature senescence in cotton breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qibao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Libei Li
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Feng
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhen Feng
| | - Shuxun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Shuxun Yu
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Zheng X, Zhao X, Jin Y, Zhou L, Yang P, Ahmad H, Tian Z. High salt diet contributes to hypertension by weakening the medullary tricarboxylic acid cycle and antioxidant system in Dahl salt-sensitive rats. Biochimie 2020; 181:154-161. [PMID: 33347925 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
High salt diet (HSD, 8% NaCl) contributes to salt-sensitive hypertension, this study aimed to determine the effect of HSD on salt-sensitive hypertension by combining proteomic with metabolomics methods. Salt-sensitive rats were fed on HSD and normal salt diet (NSD, 0.4% NaCl) for two weeks before further analysis. Proteomic analysis showed the differential expression proteins (DEPs) were primarily mapped in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA)-cycle, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, and other pathways associated with multiple amino acids. HSD decreased the medullary activities and protein expression level of two key enzymes of TCA-cycle, MDH and NADP+-IDH. Metabolomics showed three serous TCA-cycle-associated compounds, including decreased malic acid, decreased citric acid, and increased fumaric acid were differentially detected, which resulted in a decrease in NO content and an increase in H2O2 content in serum. The content of GSH, GSH/GSSG ratio, and synthesis substrates of GSH-cysteine and glycine, were significantly decreased by HSD, thus attenuated the antioxidant system in the renal medulla. HSD enhanced the medullary pentose phosphate pathway, which finally increased the concentration of NADPH and NADP+, NADPH/NADP+, and the activity of NADPH oxidase in the renal medulla. Additionally, HSD enhanced the glycolysis pathway in the renal medulla. In summary, HSD significantly weakened the TCA cycle, and attenuated the antioxidant system in the renal medulla, which finally contributed to salt-sensitive hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewei Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Xinrui Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Yuexin Jin
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Luxin Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Pengfei Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Hussain Ahmad
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Zhongmin Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
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Wu S, Guo Y, Joan HI, Tu Y, Adil MF, Sehar S, Zhao D, Shamsi IH. iTRAQ-based comparative proteomic analysis reveals high temperature accelerated leaf senescence of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) during flue-curing. Genomics 2020; 112:3075-3088. [PMID: 32454168 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) is extensively cultivated all over the world for its economic value. During curing and storage, senescence occurs, which is associated with physiological and biochemical changes in postharvest plant organs. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in accelerated senescence due to high temperatures in tobacco leaves during curing need further elaboration. We studied molecular mechanisms of senescence in tobacco leaves exposed to high temperature during curing (Fresh, 38 °C and 42 °C), revealed by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) for the proteomic profiles of cultivar Bi'na1. In total, 8903 proteins were identified, and 2034 (1150 up-regulated and 1074 down-regulated) differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were obtained from tobacco leaf samples. These DAPs were mainly involved in posttranslational modification, protein turnover, energy production and conversion. Sugar- and energy-related metabolic biological processes and pathways might be critical regulators of tobacco leaves exposed to high temperature during senescence. High-temperature stress accelerated tobacco leaf senescence mainly by down-regulating photosynthesis-related pathways and degrading cellular constituents to maintain cell viability and nutrient recycling. Our findings provide a valuable inventory of novel proteins involved in senescence physiology and elucidate the protein regulatory network in postharvest organs exposed to high temperatures during flue-curing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, PR China; Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Genetics/Upland Flue-cured Tobacco Quality and Ecology Key Laboratory, CNTC, Guiyang 550081, PR China
| | - Yushuang Guo
- Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Genetics/Upland Flue-cured Tobacco Quality and Ecology Key Laboratory, CNTC, Guiyang 550081, PR China
| | - Heren Issaka Joan
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Yonggao Tu
- Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Genetics/Upland Flue-cured Tobacco Quality and Ecology Key Laboratory, CNTC, Guiyang 550081, PR China
| | - Muhammad Faheem Adil
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Shafaque Sehar
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Degang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, PR China; Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, PR China.
| | - Imran Haider Shamsi
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
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Yang Y, Saand MA, Abdelaal WB, Zhang J, Wu Y, Li J, Fan H, Wang F. iTRAQ-based comparative proteomic analysis of two coconut varieties reveals aromatic coconut cold-sensitive in response to low temperature. J Proteomics 2020; 220:103766. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2020.103766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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iTRAQ-Based Proteomic Analysis of Watermelon Fruits in Response to Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072541. [PMID: 32268502 PMCID: PMC7178218 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) is an important viral pathogen on cucurbit plants worldwide, which can cause severe fruit decay symptoms on infected watermelon (usually called “watermelon blood flesh”). However, the molecular mechanism of this disease has not been well understood. In this study, we employed the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) technique to analyze the proteomic profiles of watermelon fruits in response to CGMMV infection. A total of 595 differentially accumulated proteins (DAPs) were identified, of which 404 were upregulated and 191 were downregulated. Functional annotation analysis showed that these DAPs were mainly involved in photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, secondary metabolite biosynthesis, plant–pathogen interaction, and protein synthesis and turnover. The accumulation levels of several proteins related to chlorophyll metabolism, pyruvate metabolism, TCA cycle, heat shock proteins, thioredoxins, ribosomal proteins, translation initiation factors, and elongation factors were strongly affected by CGMMV infection. Furthermore, a correlation analysis was performed between CGMMV-responsive proteome and transcriptome data of watermelon fruits obtained in our previous study, which could contribute to comprehensively elucidating the molecular mechanism of “watermelon blood flesh”. To confirm the iTRAQ-based proteome data, the corresponding transcripts of ten DAPs were validated by determining their abundance via quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). These results could provide a scientific basis for in-depth understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying CGMMV-induced “watermelon blood flesh”, and lay the foundation for further functional exploration and verification of related genes and proteins.
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Wei J, Liu X, Li L, Zhao H, Liu S, Yu X, Shen Y, Zhou Y, Zhu Y, Shu Y, Ma H. Quantitative proteomic, physiological and biochemical analysis of cotyledon, embryo, leaf and pod reveals the effects of high temperature and humidity stress on seed vigor formation in soybean. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:127. [PMID: 32216758 PMCID: PMC7098090 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02335-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soybean developing seed is susceptible to high temperature and humidity (HTH) stress in the field, resulting in vigor reduction. Actually, the HTH in the field during soybean seed growth and development would also stress the whole plant, especially on leaf and pod, which in turn affect seed growth and development as well as vigor formation through nutrient supply and protection. RESULTS In the present study, using a pair of pre-harvest seed deterioration-sensitive and -resistant cultivars Ningzhen No. 1 and Xiangdou No. 3, the comprehensive effects of HTH stress on seed vigor formation during physiological maturity were investigated by analyzing cotyledon, embryo, leaf, and pod at the levels of protein, ultrastructure, and physiology and biochemistry. There were 247, 179, and 517 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) identified in cotyledon, embryo, and leaf of cv. Xiangdou No. 3 under HTH stress, while 235, 366, and 479 DAPs were identified in cotyledon, embryo, and leaf of cv. Ningzhen No. 1. Moreover, 120, 144, and 438 DAPs between the two cultivars were identified in cotyledon, embryo, and leaf under HTH stress, respectively. Moreover, 120, 144, and 438 DAPs between the two cultivars were identified in cotyledon, embryo, and leaf under HTH stress, respectively. Most of the DAPs identified were found to be involved in major metabolic pathways and cellular processes, including signal transduction, tricarboxylic acid cycle, fatty acid metabolism, photosynthesis, protein processing, folding and assembly, protein biosynthesis or degradation, plant-pathogen interaction, starch and sucrose metabolism, and oxidative stress response. The HTH stress had less negative effects on metabolic pathways, cell ultrastructure, and physiology and biochemistry in the four organs of Xiangdou No. 3 than in those of Ningzhen No. 1, leading to produce higher vigor seeds in the former. CONCLUSION High seed vigor formation is enhanced by increasing protein biosynthesis and nutrient storage in cotyledon, stronger stability and viability in embryo, more powerful photosynthetic capacity and nutrient supply in leaf, and stronger protection in pod under HTH stress. These results provide comprehensive characteristics of leaf, pod and seed (cotyledon and embryo) under HTH stress, and some of them can be used as selection index in high seed vigor breeding program in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaping Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Xiaolin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Linzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Haihong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Sushuang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Xingwang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
- Crop and Soil Sciences Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA
| | - Yingzi Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Yali Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Yajing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Yingjie Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
- College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100 China
| | - Hao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
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Zhu L, Zheng B, Song W, Tao C, Jin X, Li H. Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Molecular Differences between Leaves of Wild-Type Upland Cotton and Its Fuzzless- Lintless Mutant. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24203769. [PMID: 31635060 PMCID: PMC6832260 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24203769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fuzzless-lintless mutant (fl) ovules of upland cotton have been used to investigate cotton fiber development for decades. However, the molecular differences of green tissues between fl and wild-type (WT) cotton were barely reported. Here, we found that gossypol content, the most important secondary metabolite of cotton leaves, was higher in Gossypium hirsutum L. cv Xuzhou-142 (Xu142) WT than in fl. Then, we performed comparative proteomic analysis of the leaves from Xu142 WT and its fl. A total of 4506 proteins were identified, of which 103 and 164 appeared to be WT- and fl-specific, respectively. In the 4239 common-expressed proteins, 80 and 74 were preferentially accumulated in WT and fl, respectively. Pathway enrichment analysis and protein–protein interaction network analysis of both variety-specific and differential abundant proteins showed that secondary metabolism and chloroplast-related pathways were significantly enriched. Quantitative real-time PCR confirmed that the expression levels of 12 out of 16 selected genes from representative pathways were consistent with their protein accumulation patterns. Further analyses showed that the content of chlorophyll a in WT, but not chlorophyll b, was significantly increased compared to fl. This work provides the leaf proteome profiles of Xu142 and its fl mutant, indicating the necessity of further investigation of molecular differences between WT and fl leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
| | - Bowen Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
| | - Wangyang Song
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
| | - Chengcheng Tao
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
| | - Xiang Jin
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China.
| | - Hongbin Li
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
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Sharma JK, Sihmar M, Santal AR, Singh NP. Impact assessment of major abiotic stresses on the proteome profiling of some important crop plants: a current update. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2019; 35:126-160. [PMID: 31478455 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2019.1657682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Abiotic stresses adversely affect the plant's growth and development leading to loss of crop plants and plant products in terms of both the quality and quantity. Two main strategies are adopted by plants to acclimatize to stresses; avoidance and tolerance. These adaptive strategies of plants at the cellular and metabolic level enable them to withstand such detrimental conditions. Acclimatization is associated with intensive changes in the proteome of plants and these changes are directly involved in plants response to stress. Proteome studies can be used to screen for these proteins and their involvement in plants response to various abiotic stresses evaluated. In this review, proteomic studies of different plants species under different abiotic stresses, particularly drought, salinity, heat, cold, and waterlogging, are discussed. From different proteomic studies, the stress response can be determined by an interaction between proteomic and physiological changes which occur in plants during such stress conditions. These identified proteins from different processes under different abiotic stress conditions definitely add to our understanding for exploiting them in various biotechnological applications in crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Monika Sihmar
- Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
| | - Anita Rani Santal
- Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
| | - N P Singh
- Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
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Jin X, Zhu L, Tao C, Xie Q, Xu X, Chang L, Tan Y, Ding G, Li H, Wang X. An improved protein extraction method applied to cotton leaves is compatible with 2-DE and LC-MS. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:285. [PMID: 30975097 PMCID: PMC6458646 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5658-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) are widely used in plant proteomics research. However, these two techniques cannot be simultaneously satisfied by traditional protein extraction methods when investigate cotton leaf proteome. Results Here, we evaluated the efficiency of three different protein extraction methods for 2-DE and LC-MS/MS analyses of total proteins obtained from cotton leaves. The protein yield of the borax/PVPP/phenol (BPP) method (0.14%) was significantly lower than the yields of the trichloroacetic acid/acetone (TCA) precipitation method (1.42%) and optimized TCA combined with BPP (TCA-B) method (0.47%). The BPP method was failed to get a clear 2-DE electrophoretogram. Fifty pairs of protein spots were randomly selected from the 2-DE gels of TCA- and TCA-B-extracted proteins for identification by MALDI TOF/TOF, and the results of 42 pairs were consistent. High-throughput proteomic analysis showed that 6339, 9282 and 9697 unique proteins were identified from the total cotton leaf proteins extracted by the TCA, BPP and TCA-B methods, respectively. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed that the proteins specifically identified by TCA method were primarily distributed in the plasma membrane, while BPP and TCA-B methods specific proteins distributed in the cytosol, indicating the sub-cellular preference of different protein extraction methods. Further, ATP-dependent zinc metalloprotease FTSH 8 could be observed in the 2-DE gels of TCA and TCA-B methods, and could only be detected in the LC-MS/MS results of the BPP and TCA-B methods, showing that TCA-B method might be the optimized choice for both 2-DE and LC-MS/MS. Conclusion Our data provided an improved TCA-B method for protein extraction that is compatible with 2-DE and LC-MS/MS for cotton leaves and similar plant tissues which is rich in polysaccharides and polyphenols. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-5658-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Jin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, China.,College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China
| | - Liping Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China
| | - Chengcheng Tao
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China
| | - Quanliang Xie
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China
| | - Xinyang Xu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, China
| | - Lili Chang
- Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, Hainan, China
| | - Yanhua Tan
- Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, Hainan, China
| | - Guohua Ding
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, China
| | - Hongbin Li
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China.
| | - Xuchu Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, China. .,College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China. .,Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, Hainan, China.
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iTRAQ-Based Quantitative Proteome Revealed Metabolic Changes in Winter Turnip Rape ( Brassica rapa L.) under Cold Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113346. [PMID: 30373160 PMCID: PMC6274765 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Winter turnip rape (Brassica rapa L.) is a large-scale winter-only oil crop cultivated in Northwest China. However, its cold-resistant molecular mechanism remains inadequate. Studying the cold adaptation mechanisms of winter turnip rape based on the proteomic technique of isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) offers a solution to this problem. Under cold stress (−4 °C for eight hours), 51 and 94 differently accumulated proteins (DAPs) in Longyou 7 (cold-tolerant) and Tianyou 4 (cold-sensitive) were identified, respectively. These DAPs were classified into 38 gene ontology (GO) term categories, such as metabolic process, cellular process, catalytic activity, and binding. The 142 DAPs identified between the two cold-stressed cultivars were classified into 40 GO terms, including cellular process, metabolic process, cell, catalytic activity, and binding. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis indicated that the DAPs participated in 10 pathways. The abundance of most protein functions in ribosomes, carbon metabolism, photosynthesis, and energy metabolism including the citrate cycle, pentose phosphate pathway, and glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism decreased, and the proteins that participate in photosynthesis–antenna and isoflavonoid biosynthesis increased in cold-stressed Longyou 7 compared with those in cold-stressed Tianyou 4. The expression pattern of genes encoding the 10 significant DAPs was consistent with the iTRAQ data. This study provides new information on the proteomic differences between the leaves of Longyou 7 and Tianyou 4 plants and explains the possible molecular mechanisms of cold-stress adaptation in B. rapa.
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Identification of the Candidate Proteins Related to Oleic Acid Accumulation during Peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.) Seed Development through Comparative Proteome Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19041235. [PMID: 29670063 PMCID: PMC5979506 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) are an important oilseed crop, containing high contents of protein and fatty acids (FA). The major components of FA found in peanut oil are unsaturated FAs, including oleic acid (OA, C18:1) and linoleic acid (LOA, C18:2). Moreover, the high content of OA in peanut oil is beneficial for human health and long-term storage due to its antioxidant activity. However, the dynamic changes in proteomics related to OA accumulation during seed development still remain largely unexplored. In the present study, a comparative proteome analysis based on iTRAQ (isobaric Tags for Relative and Absolute Quantification) was performed to identify the critical candidate factors involved in OA formation. A total of 389 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified between high-oleate cultivar Kainong176 and low-oleate cultivar Kainong70. Among these DEPs, 201 and 188 proteins were upregulated and downregulated, respectively. In addition, these DEPs were categorized into biosynthesis pathways of unsaturated FAs at the early stage during the high-oleic peanut seed development, and several DEPs involved in lipid oxidation pathway were found at the stage of seed maturation. Meanwhile, 28 DEPs were sporadically distributed in distinct stages of seed formation, and their molecular functions were directly correlated to FA biosynthesis and degradation. Fortunately, the expression of FAB2 (stearoyl-acyl carrier protein desaturase), the rate-limiting enzyme in the upstream biosynthesis process of OA, was significantly increased in the early stage and then decreased in the late stage of seed development in the high-oleate cultivar Kainong176. Furthermore, real-time PCR verified the expression pattern of FAB2 at the mRNA level, which was consistent with its protein abundance. However, opposite results were found for the low-oleate cultivar Kainong70. Overall, the comparative proteome analysis provided valuable insight into the molecular dynamics of OA accumulation during peanut seed development.
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Identification and Comparative Analysis of Premature Senescence Leaf Mutants in Rice (Oryza sativa L.). Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19010140. [PMID: 29301377 PMCID: PMC5796089 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Premature leaf senescence negatively impacts the grain yield in the important monocot rice (Oryza sativa L.); to understand the molecular mechanism we carried out a screen for mutants with premature senescence leaves in a mutant bank generated by ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis of elite indica rice ZhongJian100. Five premature senescence leaf (psl15, psl50, psl89, psl117 and psl270) mutants were identified with distinct yellowish phenotypes on leaves starting from the tillering stage to final maturation. Moreover, these mutants exhibited significantly increased malonaldehyde content, decreased chlorophyll content, reduced numbers of chloroplast and grana thylakoid, altered photosynthetic ability and expression of photosynthesis-related genes. Furthermore, the expression of senescence-related indicator OsI57 was significantly up-regulated in four mutants. Histochemical analysis indicated that cell death and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation occurred in the mutants with altered activities of ROS scavenging enzymes. Both darkness and abscisic acid (ABA) treatments could induce leaf senescence and resulted in up- or down-regulation of ABA metabolism-related genes in the mutants. Genetic analysis indicated that all the premature senescence leaf mutants were controlled by single non-allelic recessive genes. The data suggested that mechanisms underlying premature leaf senescence are likely different among the mutants. The present study would facilitate us to further fine mapping, cloning and functional characterization of the corresponding genes mediating the premature leaf senescence in rice.
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