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Kikuchi T, Nishimura M, Shirakawa C, Fujita Y, Otoi T. Relationship between oxygen partial pressure and inhibition of cell aggregation of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells stored in cell preservation solutions. Regen Ther 2023; 24:25-31. [PMID: 37303463 PMCID: PMC10247950 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study investigated the storage conditions under which cell aggregation occurs and the conditions that inhibit cell aggregation when human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADSCs) are stored in lactated Ringer's solution (LR) supplemented with 3% trehalose and 5% dextran 40 (LR-3T-5D). Methods We first examined the effects of storage temperature and time on the aggregation and viability of hADSCs stored in LR and LR-3T-5D. The cells were stored at 5 °C or 25 °C for various times up to 24 h. We then evaluated the effects of storage volume (250-2,000 μL), cell density (2.5-20 × 105 cells/mL), and nitrogen gas replacement on aggregation, oxygen partial pressure (pO2), and viability of hADSCs stored for 24 h at 25 °C in LR-3T-5D. Results When stored in LR-3T-5D, viability did not change under either condition compared with pre-storage, but the cell aggregation rate increased significantly with storage at 25 °C for 24 h (p<0.001). In LR, the aggregation rate did not change under either condition, but cell viability decreased significantly after 24 h at both 5 °C and 25 °C (p < 0.05). The cell aggregation rates and pO2 tended to decrease with increasing solution volume and cell density. Nitrogen gas replacement significantly decreased the cell aggregation rate and pO2 (p < 0.05). However, there were no differences in viability among cells stored under conditions of different storage volumes, densities, and nitrogen gas replacement. Conclusions Aggregation of cells after storage at 25 °C in LR-3T-5D may be suppressed by increasing the storage volume and cell density as well as by incorporating nitrogen replacement, which lowers the pO2 in the solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kikuchi
- Research and Development Center, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc., Naruto, Tokushima, 772-8601, Japan
| | - Masuhiro Nishimura
- Research and Development Center, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc., Naruto, Tokushima, 772-8601, Japan
| | - Chikage Shirakawa
- Research and Development Center, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc., Naruto, Tokushima, 772-8601, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Fujita
- Research and Development Center, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc., Naruto, Tokushima, 772-8601, Japan
| | - Takeshige Otoi
- Bio-Innovation Research Center, Tokushima University, Myozai-gun, Tokushima, 779-3233, Japan
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Adebayo AK, Nakshatri H. Modeling Preclinical Cancer Studies under Physioxia to Enhance Clinical Translation. Cancer Res 2022; 82:4313-4321. [PMID: 36169928 PMCID: PMC9722631 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-2311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen (O2) plays a key role in cellular homeostasis. O2 levels are tightly regulated in vivo such that each tissue receives an optimal amount to maintain physiologic status. Physiologic O2 levels in various organs range between 2% and 9% in vivo, with the highest levels of 9% in the kidneys and the lowest of 0.5% in parts of the brain. This physiologic range of O2 tensions is disrupted in pathologic conditions such as cancer, where it can reach as low as 0.5%. Regardless of the state, O2 tension in vivo is maintained at significantly lower levels than ambient O2, which is approximately 21%. Yet, routine in vitro cellular manipulations are carried out in ambient air, regardless of whether or not they are eventually transferred to hypoxic conditions for subsequent studies. Even brief exposure of hematopoietic stem cells to ambient air can cause detrimental effects through a mechanism termed extraphysiologic oxygen shock/stress (EPHOSS), leading to reduced engraftment capabilities. Here, we provide an overview of the effects of ambient air exposure on stem and non-stem cell subtypes, with a focus on recent findings that reveal the impact of EPHOSS on cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adedeji K. Adebayo
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Indiana University Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Harikrishna Nakshatri
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Indiana University Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Favre-Bulle IA, Scott EK. Optical tweezers across scales in cell biology. Trends Cell Biol 2022; 32:932-946. [PMID: 35672197 PMCID: PMC9588623 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Optical tweezers (OT) provide a noninvasive approach for delivering minute physical forces to targeted objects. Controlling such forces in living cells or in vitro preparations allows for the measurement and manipulation of numerous processes relevant to the form and function of cells. As such, OT have made important contributions to our understanding of the structures of proteins and nucleic acids, the interactions that occur between microscopic structures within cells, the choreography of complex processes such as mitosis, and the ways in which cells interact with each other. In this review, we highlight recent contributions made to the field of cell biology using OT and provide basic descriptions of the physics, the methods, and the equipment that made these studies possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itia A Favre-Bulle
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, 4067, Brisbane, Australia; School of Mathematics and Physics, The University of Queensland, 4067, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Ethan K Scott
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, 4067, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Anatomy and Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
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Liu C, Liu L. Hypoxia-related tumor environment correlated with immune infiltration and therapeutic sensitivity in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Front Genet 2022; 13:1037716. [PMID: 36313435 PMCID: PMC9614142 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1037716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Due to the high heterogeneity of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), traditional chemotherapy treatment ultimately failed in one-third of the patients. Big challenges existed in finding how to accurately predict prognosis and provide individualized treatment. Hypoxia, although being a key factor in the development and progression of DLBCL, plays its role in DLBCL prognosis, which has yet to be fully explored. Methods: Data used in the current study were sourced from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. DLBCL patients were divided according to different hypoxia-related subtypes based on the expressions of hypoxia-related genes (HRGs) relevant to survival. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between subtypes were identified using the limma package. Using univariate Cox regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analyses, the prognostic signature was established to calculate risk scores. The tumor microenvironment (TME) in low- and high-risk groups was evaluated by single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) and ESTIMATE. The chemotherapeutic sensitivity in two groups was assessed by IC50 values. Results: DLBCL patients were clustered into two hypoxia-related subtype groups according to different gene survival and expressions associated with increasing oxygen delivery and reducing oxygen consumption, and these two subtype groups were compared. Based on the differential expression, a risk model was established using univariate cox and LASSO regression analyses, FNDC1, ANTXR1, RARRES2, S100A9, and MT1M. The performance of the risk signature in predicting the prognosis of DLBCL patients was validated in the internal and external datasets, as evidenced by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. In addition, we observed significant differences in the tumor microenvironment and chemotherapeutic response between low- and high-risk groups. Conclusion: Our study developed novel hypoxia-related subtypes in DLBCL and identified five prognostic signatures for DLBCL patients. These findings may enrich our understanding of the role of hypoxia in DLBCL and help improve the treatment of DLBCL patients.
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Duś-Szachniewicz K, Gdesz-Birula K, Nowosielska E, Ziółkowski P, Drobczyński S. Formation of Lymphoma Hybrid Spheroids and Drug Testing in Real Time with the Use of Fluorescence Optical Tweezers. Cells 2022; 11:cells11132113. [PMID: 35805197 PMCID: PMC9265821 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions between stromal and lymphoma cells in the bone marrow are closely related to drug resistance and therapy failure. Physiologically relevant pre-clinical three-dimensional (3D) models recapitulating lymphoma microenvironmental complexity do not currently exist. In this study, we proposed a scheme for optically controlled hybrid lymphoma spheroid formation with the use of optical tweezers (OT). Following the preparation of stromal spheroids using agarose hydrogel, two aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma B-cell lines, Ri-1 (DLBCL) and Raji (Burkitt lymphoma), were used to conduct multi-cellular spheroid formation driven by in-house-developed fluorescence optical tweezers. Importantly, the newly formed hybrid spheroid preserved the 3D architecture for the next 24 h. Our model was successfully used for the evaluation of the influence of the anticancer agents doxorubicin (DOX), ibrutinib (IBR), and AMD3100 (plerixafor) on the adhesive properties of lymphoma cells. Importantly, our study revealed that a co-treatment of DOX and IBR with AMD3100 affects the adhesion of B-NHL lymphoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Duś-Szachniewicz
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Institute of General and Experimental Pathology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland; (K.G.-B.); (P.Z.)
- Correspondence: (K.D.-S.); (S.D.); Tel.: +48-71-784-12-25 (K.D.-S.)
| | - Katarzyna Gdesz-Birula
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Institute of General and Experimental Pathology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland; (K.G.-B.); (P.Z.)
| | - Emilia Nowosielska
- Department of Optics and Photonics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Piotr Ziółkowski
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Institute of General and Experimental Pathology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland; (K.G.-B.); (P.Z.)
| | - Sławomir Drobczyński
- Department of Optics and Photonics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland;
- Correspondence: (K.D.-S.); (S.D.); Tel.: +48-71-784-12-25 (K.D.-S.)
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Alsobaie S, Alsobaie T, Mantalaris S. Rho-Associated Protein Kinase Inhibitor and Hypoxia Synergistically Enhance the Self-Renewal, Survival Rate, and Proliferation of Human Stem Cells. STEM CELLS AND CLONING: ADVANCES AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 15:43-52. [PMID: 35812359 PMCID: PMC9259205 DOI: 10.2147/sccaa.s365776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Introduction High-efficacy single-cell cloning of human-induced pluripotent cells (IPSCs) remains a major challenge. The development of a culture method that supports single-cell passaging while maintaining reproducibility, homogeneity, scalability, and cell expansion to clinically relevant numbers is necessary for clinical application. Methods To address this issue, we combined the use of the rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) inhibitor Y-27632 and hypoxic conditions in culture to produce a novel, efficient single-cell culture method for human IPSCs and embryonic stem cells. Results Through immunocytochemistry, alkaline phosphatase assays, and flow cytometry, we demonstrated that our method enabled high single-cell proliferation while maintaining self-renewal and pluripotency abilities. Discussion We showed the beneficial effect of the interaction between hypoxia and ROCK inhibition in regulating cell proliferation, pluripotency, and single-cell survival of pluripotent cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Alsobaie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: Sarah Alsobaie, Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, King Saud University, Prince Turki Alawal Street, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia, Tel +966 507191011, Fax +966 114677580, Email
| | - Tamador Alsobaie
- Biological Systems Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Sakis Mantalaris
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
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Duś-Szachniewicz K, Gdesz-Birula K, Rymkiewicz G. Development and Characterization of 3D Hybrid Spheroids for the Investigation of the Crosstalk Between B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas and Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Onco Targets Ther 2022; 15:683-697. [PMID: 35747403 PMCID: PMC9213039 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s363994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (B-NHLs) are the most common lymphoproliferative malignancy. Despite targeted therapies, the bone marrow involvement remains a challenge in treating aggressive B-NHLs, partly due to the protective interactions of lymphoma cells with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). However, data elucidating the relationship between MSCs and B-NHLs are limited and inconclusive due to the lack of reproducible in vitro three-dimensional (3D) models. Here, we developed and described a size-controlled and stable 3D hybrid spheroids of Ri-1 (diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, DLBCL) and RAJI (Burkitt lymphoma, BL) cells with HS-5 fibroblasts to facilitate research on the crosstalk between B-NHL cells and MSCs. Materials and Methods We applied the commercially available agarose hydrogel microwells for a fast, low-cost, and reproducible hybrid lymphoma/stromal spheroids formation. Standard histological automated procedures were used for formalin fixation and paraffin embedding (FFPE) of 3D models to produce good quality slides for histopathology and immunohistochemical staining. Next, we tested the effect of the anti-cancer drugs: doxorubicin (DOX) and ibrutinib (IBR) on mono-cultured and co-cultured B-NHLs with the use of alamarBlue and live/dead cell fluorescence based assays to confirm their relevancy for drug testing studies. Results We optimized the conditions for B-NHLs spheroid formation in both: a cell line-specific and application-specific manner. Lymphoma cells aggregate into stable spheroids when co-cultured with stromal cells, of which internal architecture was driven by self-organization. Furthermore, we revealed that co-culturing of lymphoma cells with stromal cells significantly reduced IBR-induced apoptosis compared to the 3D mono-culture. Conclusion This article provides details for generating 3D B-NHL spheroids for the studies on the lymphoma- stromal cells. This approach makes it suitable to assess in a relevant in vitro model the activity of new therapeutic agents in B-NHLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Duś-Szachniewicz
- Institute of General and Experimental Pathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Gdesz-Birula
- Institute of General and Experimental Pathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Rymkiewicz
- Flow Cytometry Laboratory, Department of Cancer Pathomorphology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
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Duś-Szachniewicz K, Gdesz-Birula K, Zduniak K, Wiśniewski JR. Proteomic-Based Analysis of Hypoxia- and Physioxia-Responsive Proteins and Pathways in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. Cells 2021; 10:cells10082025. [PMID: 34440794 PMCID: PMC8392495 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a common feature in most tumors, including hematological malignancies. There is a lack of studies on hypoxia- and physioxia-induced global proteome changes in lymphoma. Here, we sought to explore how the proteome of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) changes when cells are exposed to acute hypoxic stress (1% of O2) and physioxia (5% of O2) for a long-time. A total of 8239 proteins were identified by LC–MS/MS, of which 718, 513, and 486 had significant changes, in abundance, in the Ri-1, U2904, and U2932 cell lines, respectively. We observed that changes in B-NHL proteome profiles induced by hypoxia and physioxia were quantitatively similar in each cell line; however, differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were specific to a certain cell line. A significant downregulation of several ribosome proteins indicated a translational inhibition of new ribosome protein synthesis in hypoxia, what was confirmed in a pathway enrichment analysis. In addition, downregulated proteins highlighted the altered cell cycle, metabolism, and interferon signaling. As expected, the enrichment of upregulated proteins revealed terms related to metabolism, HIF1 signaling, and response to oxidative stress. In accordance to our results, physioxia induced weaker changes in the protein abundance when compared to those induced by hypoxia. Our data provide new evidence for understanding mechanisms by which DLBCL cells respond to a variable oxygen level. Furthermore, this study reveals multiple hypoxia-responsive proteins showing an altered abundance in hypoxic and physioxic DLBCL. It remains to be investigated whether changes in the proteomes of DLBCL under normoxia and physioxia have functional consequences on lymphoma development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Duś-Szachniewicz
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Institute of General and Experimental Pathology, Wrocław Medical University, Marcinkowskiego 1, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland; (K.G.-B.); (K.Z.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Katarzyna Gdesz-Birula
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Institute of General and Experimental Pathology, Wrocław Medical University, Marcinkowskiego 1, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland; (K.G.-B.); (K.Z.)
| | - Krzysztof Zduniak
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Institute of General and Experimental Pathology, Wrocław Medical University, Marcinkowskiego 1, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland; (K.G.-B.); (K.Z.)
| | - Jacek R. Wiśniewski
- Biochemical Proteomics Group, Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany;
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B Cells and Microbiota in Autoimmunity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094846. [PMID: 34063669 PMCID: PMC8125537 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Trillions of microorganisms inhabit the mucosal membranes maintaining a symbiotic relationship with the host's immune system. B cells are key players in this relationship because activated and differentiated B cells produce secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), which binds commensals to preserve a healthy microbial ecosystem. Mounting evidence shows that changes in the function and composition of the gut microbiota are associated with several autoimmune diseases suggesting that an imbalanced or dysbiotic microbiota contributes to autoimmune inflammation. Bacteria within the gut mucosa may modulate autoimmune inflammation through different mechanisms from commensals ability to induce B-cell clones that cross-react with host antigens or through regulation of B-cell subsets' capacity to produce cytokines. Commensal signals in the gut instigate the differentiation of IL-10 producing B cells and IL-10 producing IgA+ plasma cells that recirculate and exert regulatory functions. While the origin of the dysbiosis in autoimmunity is unclear, compelling evidence shows that specific species have a remarkable influence in shaping the inflammatory immune response. Further insight is necessary to dissect the complex interaction between microorganisms, genes, and the immune system. In this review, we will discuss the bidirectional interaction between commensals and B-cell responses in the context of autoimmune inflammation.
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Shinde A, Illath K, Gupta P, Shinde P, Lim KT, Nagai M, Santra TS. A Review of Single-Cell Adhesion Force Kinetics and Applications. Cells 2021; 10:577. [PMID: 33808043 PMCID: PMC8000588 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells exert, sense, and respond to the different physical forces through diverse mechanisms and translating them into biochemical signals. The adhesion of cells is crucial in various developmental functions, such as to maintain tissue morphogenesis and homeostasis and activate critical signaling pathways regulating survival, migration, gene expression, and differentiation. More importantly, any mutations of adhesion receptors can lead to developmental disorders and diseases. Thus, it is essential to understand the regulation of cell adhesion during development and its contribution to various conditions with the help of quantitative methods. The techniques involved in offering different functionalities such as surface imaging to detect forces present at the cell-matrix and deliver quantitative parameters will help characterize the changes for various diseases. Here, we have briefly reviewed single-cell mechanical properties for mechanotransduction studies using standard and recently developed techniques. This is used to functionalize from the measurement of cellular deformability to the quantification of the interaction forces generated by a cell and exerted on its surroundings at single-cell with attachment and detachment events. The adhesive force measurement for single-cell microorganisms and single-molecules is emphasized as well. This focused review should be useful in laying out experiments which would bring the method to a broader range of research in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwini Shinde
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India; (A.S.); (K.I.); (P.G.); (P.S.)
| | - Kavitha Illath
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India; (A.S.); (K.I.); (P.G.); (P.S.)
| | - Pallavi Gupta
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India; (A.S.); (K.I.); (P.G.); (P.S.)
| | - Pallavi Shinde
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India; (A.S.); (K.I.); (P.G.); (P.S.)
| | - Ki-Taek Lim
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-Si, Gangwon-Do 24341, Korea;
| | - Moeto Nagai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan;
| | - Tuhin Subhra Santra
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India; (A.S.); (K.I.); (P.G.); (P.S.)
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Large-Scale Proteomic Analysis of Follicular Lymphoma Reveals Extensive Remodeling of Cell Adhesion Pathway and Identifies Hub Proteins Related to the Lymphomagenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040630. [PMID: 33562532 PMCID: PMC7915278 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Follicular lymphoma represents the major subtype of indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas, ranging from about 20 to 30% of all B-NHLs cases in western countries. Yet, the global proteome profile of follicular lymphoma remains largely undocumented; thus, we aimed to employ for the first time a comprehensive proteomic analysis to outline its molecular landscape. A total of 15 lymphoma fine-needle aspiration biopsy samples and 14 controls were evaluated by label-free quantitative proteomics. Among the 7673 proteins identified in our dataset, 1186 proteins were differentially expressed between lymphoma and control samples. Importantly, dysregulated proteins were enriched in biological processes such as B-cell receptor signaling pathway, cellular adhesion molecules pathway, or membrane trafficking. Additionally, we identified several novel hub proteins related to lymphomagenesis. To summarize, we have determined the molecular characteristics of follicular lymphoma and discovered proteins which may hold potential for biomarkers or therapeutic targets. Abstract Follicular lymphoma (FL) represents the major subtype of indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (B-NHLs) and results from the malignant transformation of mature B-cells in lymphoid organs. Although gene expression and genomic studies have identified multiple disease driving gene aberrations, only a few proteomic studies focused on the protein level. The present work aimed to examine the proteomic profiles of follicular lymphoma vs. normal B-cells obtained by fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) to gain deep insight into the most perturbed pathway of FL. The cells of interest were purified by magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS). High-throughput proteomic profiling was performed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and allowed to identify of 6724 proteins in at least 75% of each group of samples. The ‘Total Protein Approach’ (TPA) was applied to the absolute quantification of proteins in this study. We identified 1186 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) between FL and control samples, causing an extensive remodeling of several molecular pathways, including the B-cell receptor signaling pathway, cellular adhesion molecules, and PPAR pathway. Additionally, the construction of protein–protein interactions networks (PPINs) and identification of hub proteins allowed us to indicate the key player proteins for FL pathology. Finally, ICAM1, CD9, and CD79B protein expression was validated in an independent cohort by flow cytometry (FCM), and the results were consistent with the mass spectrometry (MS) data.
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Kang SM, Kim D, Lee JH, Takayama S, Park JY. Engineered Microsystems for Spheroid and Organoid Studies. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2001284. [PMID: 33185040 PMCID: PMC7855453 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
3D in vitro model systems such as spheroids and organoids provide an opportunity to extend the physiological understanding using recapitulated tissues that mimic physiological characteristics of in vivo microenvironments. Unlike 2D systems, 3D in vitro systems can bridge the gap between inadequate 2D cultures and the in vivo environments, providing novel insights on complex physiological mechanisms at various scales of organization, ranging from the cellular, tissue-, to organ-levels. To satisfy the ever-increasing need for highly complex and sophisticated systems, many 3D in vitro models with advanced microengineering techniques have been developed to answer diverse physiological questions. This review summarizes recent advances in engineered microsystems for the development of 3D in vitro model systems. The relationship between the underlying physics behind the microengineering techniques, and their ability to recapitulate distinct 3D cellular structures and functions of diverse types of tissues and organs are highlighted and discussed in detail. A number of 3D in vitro models and their engineering principles are also introduced. Finally, current limitations are summarized, and perspectives for future directions in guiding the development of 3D in vitro model systems using microengineering techniques are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Min Kang
- Department of Green Chemical Engineering, Sangmyung University, Cheonan, Chungnam, 31066, Republic of Korea
| | - Daehan Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hoon Lee
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- The Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Shuichi Takayama
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- The Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Joong Yull Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
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13
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Yu X, Sun P, Huang X, Chen H, Huang W, Ruan Y, Jiang W, Tan X, Liu Z. RNA-seq reveals tight junction-relevant erythropoietic fate induced by OCT4 in human hair follicle mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:454. [PMID: 33109258 PMCID: PMC7590701 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01976-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human hair follicle mesenchymal stem cells (hHFMSCs) isolated from hair follicles possess multilineage differentiation potential. OCT4 is a gene critically associated with pluripotency properties. The cell morphology and adhesion of hHFMSCs significantly changed after transduction of OCT4 and two subpopulations emerged, including adherent cells and floating cell. Floating cells cultured in hematopoietic induction medium and stimulated with erythropoetic growth factors could transdifferentiate into mature erythrocytes, whereas adherent cells formed negligible hematopoietic colonies. The aim of this study was to reveal the role of cell morphology and adhesion on erythropoiesis induced by OCT4 in hHFMSCs and to characterize the molecular mechanisms involved. METHODS Floating cell was separated from adherent cell by centrifugation of the upper medium during cell culture. Cell size was observed through flow cytometry and cell adhesion was tested by disassociation and adhesion assays. RNA sequencing was performed to detect genome-wide transcriptomes and identify differentially expressed genes. GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway analysis were performed to analysis the functions and pathways enriched by differentially expressed genes. The expression of tight junction core members was verified by qPCR and Western blot. A regulatory network was constructed to figure out the relationship between cell adhesin, cytoskeleton, pluripotency, and hematopoiesis. RESULTS The overexpression of OCT4 influenced the morphology and adhesion of hHFMSCs. Transcripts in floating cells and adherent cells are quite different. Data analysis showed that upregulated genes in floating cells were mainly related to pluripotency, germ layer development (including hematopoiesis lineage development), and downregulated genes were mainly related to cell adhesion, cell junctions, and the cytoskeleton. Most molecules of the tight junction (TJ) pathway were downregulated and molecular homeostasis of the TJ was disturbed, as CLDNs were disrupted, and JAMs and TJPs were upregulated. The dynamic expression of cell adhesion-related gene E-cadherin and cytoskeleton-related gene ACTN2 might cause different morphology and adhesion. Finally, a regulatory network centered to OCT4 was constructed, which elucidated that he TJ pathway critically bridges pluripotency and hematopoiesis in a TJP1-dependent way. CONCLUSIONS Regulations of cell morphology and adhesion via the TJ pathway conducted by OCT4 might modulate hematopoiesis in hHFMSCs, thus developing potential mechanism of erythropoiesis in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhen Yu
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Pengpeng Sun
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Qingdao Center Hospital, affiliated with Qingdao University, 127 Siliunan Road, Qingdao, 266042, Shandong, China
| | - Xingang Huang
- Department of Pathology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, affiliated with Qingdao University, 1 Jiaozhou Road, Qingdao, 266011, Shandong, China
| | - Hua Chen
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China.,Department of Pathology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, affiliated with Qingdao University, 1 Jiaozhou Road, Qingdao, 266011, Shandong, China
| | - Weiqing Huang
- Department of Pathology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, affiliated with Qingdao University, 1 Jiaozhou Road, Qingdao, 266011, Shandong, China
| | - Yingchun Ruan
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Weina Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, affiliated with Qingdao University, 1 Jiaozhou Road, Qingdao, 266011, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaohua Tan
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Zhijing Liu
- Department of Pathology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, affiliated with Qingdao University, 1 Jiaozhou Road, Qingdao, 266011, Shandong, China.
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14
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Dróżdż M, Makuch S, Cieniuch G, Woźniak M, Ziółkowski P. Obligate and facultative anaerobic bacteria in targeted cancer therapy: Current strategies and clinical applications. Life Sci 2020; 261:118296. [PMID: 32822716 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Traditional methods for cancer therapy, including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy are characterized by inherent limitations. Bacteria-mediated tumor therapy is becoming a promising approach in cancer treatment due to the ability of obligate or facultative anaerobic microorganisms to penetrate and proliferate in hypoxic regions of tumors. It is widely known that anaerobic bacteria cause the regression of tumors and inhibition of metastasis through a variety of mechanisms, including toxin production, anaerobic lifestyle and synergy with anti-cancer drugs. These features have the potential to be used as a supplement to conventional cancer treatment. To the best of our knowledge, no reports have been published regarding the most common tumor-targeting bacterial agents with special consideration of obligate anaerobes (such as Clostridium sp., Bifidobacterium sp.) and facultative anaerobes (including Salmonella sp., Listeria monocytogenes, Lactobacillus sp., Escherichia coli, Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Pseudomonas sp). In this review, we summarize the latest literature on the role of these bacteria in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Dróżdż
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Sebastian Makuch
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Gabriela Cieniuch
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marta Woźniak
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Ziółkowski
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
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15
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Liu X, Wang X, Liu J, Wang X, Bao H. Identifying Candidate Genes for Hypoxia Adaptation of Tibet Chicken Embryos by Selection Signature Analyses and RNA Sequencing. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E823. [PMID: 32698384 PMCID: PMC7397227 DOI: 10.3390/genes11070823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Tibet chicken (Gallus gallus) lives on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and adapts to the hypoxic environment very well. The objectives of this study was to obtain candidate genes associated with hypoxia adaptation in the Tibet chicken embryos. In the present study, we used the fixation index (Fst) and cross population extended haplotype homozygosity (XPEHH) statistical methods to detect signatures of positive selection of the Tibet chicken, and analyzed the RNA sequencing data from the embryonic liver and heart with HISAT, StringTie and Ballgown for differentially expressed genes between the Tibet chicken and White leghorn (Gallus gallus, a kind of lowland chicken) embryos hatched under hypoxia condition. Genes which were screened out by both selection signature analysis and RNA sequencing analysis could be regarded as candidate genes for hypoxia adaptation of chicken embryos. We screened out 1772 genes by XPEHH and 601 genes by Fst, and obtained 384 and 353 differentially expressed genes in embryonic liver and heart, respectively. Among these genes, 89 genes were considered as candidate genes for hypoxia adaptation in chicken embryos. ARNT, AHR, GSTK1 and FGFR1 could be considered the most important candidate genes. Our findings provide references to elucidate the molecular mechanism of hypoxia adaptation in Tibet chicken embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiayi Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Beijing Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Xiaochen Wang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Beijing 100101, China;
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Beijing Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Haigang Bao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Beijing Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.L.); (J.L.)
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16
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Duś-Szachniewicz K, Drobczyński S, Woźniak M, Zduniak K, Ostasiewicz K, Ziółkowski P, Korzeniewska AK, Agrawal AK, Kołodziej P, Walaszek K, Bystydzieński Z, Rymkiewicz G. Differentiation of single lymphoma primary cells and normal B-cells based on their adhesion to mesenchymal stromal cells in optical tweezers. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9885. [PMID: 31285461 PMCID: PMC6614388 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46086-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We have adapted a non-invasive method based on optical tweezers technology to differentiate between the normal B-cells and the B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) cells derived from clinical samples. Our approach bases on the nascent adhesion between an individual B-cell and a mesenchymal stromal cell. In this study, a single B-cell was trapped and optically seeded on a mesenchymal stromal cell and kept in a direct contact with it until a stable connection between the cells was formed in time scale. This approach allowed us to avoid the introduction of any exogenous beads or chemicals into the experimental setup which would have affected the cell-to-cell adhesion. Here, we have provided new evidence that aberrant adhesive properties found in transformed B-cells are related to malignant neoplasia. We have demonstrated that the mean time required for establishing adhesive interactions between an individual normal B-cell and a mesenchymal stromal cell was 26.7 ± 16.6 s, while for lymphoma cell it was 208.8 ± 102.3 s, p < 0.001. The contact time for adhesion to occur ranged from 5 to 90 s and from 60 to 480 s for normal B-cells and lymphoma cells, respectively. This method for optically controlled cell-to-cell adhesion in time scale is beneficial to the successful differentiation of pathological cells from normal B-cells within the fine needle aspiration biopsy of a clinical sample. Additionally, variations in time-dependent adhesion among subtypes of B-NHL, established here by the optical trapping, confirm earlier results pertaining to cell heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Duś-Szachniewicz
- Department of Pathology, Wrocław Medical University, Marcinkowskiego 1, 50-368, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Sławomir Drobczyński
- Department of Optics and Photonics, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marta Woźniak
- Department of Pathology, Wrocław Medical University, Marcinkowskiego 1, 50-368, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Zduniak
- Department of Pathology, Wrocław Medical University, Marcinkowskiego 1, 50-368, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Ostasiewicz
- Department of Statistics, Wrocław University of Economics, Komandorska 118/120, 53-345, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Piotr Ziółkowski
- Department of Pathology, Wrocław Medical University, Marcinkowskiego 1, 50-368, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Aleksandra K Korzeniewska
- Department of Optics and Photonics, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anil K Agrawal
- 2nd Department of General and Oncological Surgery, Wrocław Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Paweł Kołodziej
- Division of Pathology, Sokołowski Hospital Wałbrzych, Sokołowskiego 4, 58-309, Wałbrzych, Poland
| | - Kinga Walaszek
- Department of Pathology, Wrocław Medical University, Marcinkowskiego 1, 50-368, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Bystydzieński
- Flow Cytometry Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Diagnostics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Centre, Wilhelma Konrada Roentgena 5, 02-781, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Rymkiewicz
- Flow Cytometry Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Diagnostics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Centre, Wilhelma Konrada Roentgena 5, 02-781, Warsaw, Poland
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