1
|
Lin Y, Wu J, Zhuo Y, Feng B, Fang Z, Xu S, Li J, Zhao H, Wu D, Hua L, Che L. Effects of maternal methyl donor intake during pregnancy on ileum methylation and function in an intrauterine growth restriction pig model. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2024; 15:19. [PMID: 38310243 PMCID: PMC10838427 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-023-00970-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) affects intestinal growth, morphology, and function, which leads to poor growth performance and high mortality. The present study explored whether maternal dietary methyl donor (MET) supplementation alleviates IUGR and enhances offspring's growth performance by improving intestinal growth, function, and DNA methylation of the ileum in a porcine IUGR model. METHODS Forty multiparous sows were allocated to the control or MET diet groups from mating until delivery. After farrowing, 8 pairs of IUGR and normal birth weight piglets from 8 litters were selected for sampling before suckling colostrum. RESULTS The results showed that maternal MET supplementation tended to decrease the IUGR incidence and increased the average weaning weight of piglets. Moreover, maternal MET supplementation significantly reduced the plasma concentrations of isoleucine, cysteine, urea, and total amino acids in sows and newborn piglets. It also increased lactase and sucrase activity in the jejunum of newborn piglets. MET addition resulted in lower ileal methionine synthase activity and increased betaine homocysteine S-methyltransferase activity in the ileum of newborn piglets. DNA methylation analysis of the ileum showed that MET supplementation increased the methylation level of DNA CpG sites in the ileum of newborn piglets. Down-regulated differentially methylated genes were enriched in folic acid binding, insulin receptor signaling pathway, and endothelial cell proliferation. In contrast, up-regulated methylated genes were enriched in growth hormone receptor signaling pathway and nitric oxide biosynthetic process. CONCLUSIONS Maternal MET supplementation can reduce the incidence of IUGR and increase the weaning litter weight of piglets, which may be associated with better intestinal function and methylation status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiangnan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Bin Feng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhengfeng Fang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Shengyu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Hua Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - De Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Lun Hua
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Lianqiang Che
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hong C, Huang Y, Cao S, Wang L, Yang X, Hu S, Gao K, Jiang Z, Xiao H. Accurate models and nutritional strategies for specific oxidative stress factors: Does the dose matter in swine production? J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2024; 15:11. [PMID: 38273345 PMCID: PMC10811888 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-023-00964-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been associated with a number of physiological problems in swine, including reduced production efficiency. Recently, although there has been increased research into regulatory mechanisms and antioxidant strategies in relation to oxidative stress-induced pig production, it remains so far largely unsuccessful to develop accurate models and nutritional strategies for specific oxidative stress factors. Here, we discuss the dose and dose intensity of the causes of oxidative stress involving physiological, environmental and dietary factors, recent research models and the antioxidant strategies to provide theoretical guidance for future oxidative stress research in swine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changming Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuting Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuefen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shenglan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaiguo Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zongyong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Xiao
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1 Dafeng 1st Street, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ruiz-Martínez SM, Guzmán-Gerónimo RI, Alvarado-Olivarez M, Santiago-Roque I, Palma-Jacinto JA. Effect of Blackberry Juice Consumption by Pregnant Rats on Brain Length and Cell Density of Dentate Gyrus in Male Wistar Pups. J Med Food 2023. [PMID: 37792428 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2023.0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of blackberry juice consumption during pregnancy on the length of the brain, as well as on the cell density of the dentate gyrus in Wistar rat pups. Pregnant rats were divided into three groups: control (C), fed with standard diet and water ad libitum; BJ1, which received blackberry juice containing polyphenols (7.8 mg/kg) and anthocyanins (1.9 mg/kg); and BJ2, receiving blackberry juice containing polyphenols (9.3 mg/kg) and anthocyanins (3.54 mg/kg). On postnatal day 0, pups per litter, body weight, and length were measured, and cells in the dentate gyrus of male pups were quantified. Maternal body weight and pups per litter were statistically equal across experimental groups during pregnancy. Pups in BJ1 and BJ2 groups showed an increase in body weight (20%) and length (5%) when comparing to controls. An increase in brain length was observed in BJ2 group (8%) as compared to the control. A significant increase in the number of cells/mm2 was observed in the dentate gyrus of the offspring in BJ1 (21.8%) and BJ2 (23.7%) groups when compared to the control group. Given the above, blackberry juice may be considered a potential functional food during pregnancy, while further research on prenatal and postnatal development must be done.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rosa Isela Guzmán-Gerónimo
- Laboratorio de Innovación y Desarrollo de Alimentos, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - Mayvi Alvarado-Olivarez
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - Isela Santiago-Roque
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica y Neurotoxicología, Facultad de Bioanálisis, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - José Antonio Palma-Jacinto
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica y Neurotoxicología, Facultad de Bioanálisis, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Del Saz-Lara A, Boughanem H, López de Las Hazas MC, Crespo C, Saz-Lara A, Visioli F, Macias-González M, Dávalos A. Hydroxytyrosol decreases EDNRA expression through epigenetic modification in colorectal cancer cells. Pharmacol Res 2023; 187:106612. [PMID: 36528246 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet (MD) is one of the healthiest ones and is associated with a lower incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases as well as cancer. Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) is probably the most idiosyncratic component of this diet. EVOO has been attributed with many healthful effects, which may be due to its phenolic components, e.g. including hydroxytyrosol (HT). Recent studies suggest that EVOO and HT have molecular targets in human tissues and modulate epigenetic mechanisms. DNA methylation is one of the most studied epigenetic mechanisms and consists of the addition of a methyl group to the cytosines of the DNA chain. Given the purported health effects of EVOO (poly)phenols, we analyzed the changes induced by HT in DNA methylation, in a colorectal cancer cell line. Caco-2 cells were treated with HT for one week or with the demethylating agent 5'-azacytidine for 48 h. Global DNA methylation was assessed by ELISA. DNA bisulfitation was performed and Infinium Methylation EPIC BeadChips were used to analyze the specific methylation of CpG sites. We show an increase in global DNA methylation in Caco-2 cells after HT treatment, with a total of 32,141 differentially methylated (CpGs DMCpGs). Interestingly, our analyses revealed the endothelin receptor type A gene (EDNRA) as a possible molecular target of HT. In summary, we demonstrate that cellular supplementation with HT results in a specific methylome map and propose a potential gene target for HT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Del Saz-Lara
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain; Laboratory of Functional Foods, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Hatim Boughanem
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Institute of Biomedical Research in Malaga (IBIMA), University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Carmen López de Las Hazas
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Crespo
- Laboratory of Functional Foods, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Saz-Lara
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 16171 Cuenca, Spain
| | - Francesco Visioli
- Laboratory of Functional Foods, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - Manuel Macias-González
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Institute of Biomedical Research in Malaga (IBIMA), University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Alberto Dávalos
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Terracina S, Petrella C, Francati S, Lucarelli M, Barbato C, Minni A, Ralli M, Greco A, Tarani L, Fiore M, Ferraguti G. Antioxidant Intervention to Improve Cognition in the Aging Brain: The Example of Hydroxytyrosol and Resveratrol. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415674. [PMID: 36555317 PMCID: PMC9778814 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Both physiological and pathological aging processes induce brain alterations especially affecting the speed of processing, working memory, conceptual reasoning and executive functions. Many therapeutic approaches to reduce the impact of brain aging on cognitive functioning have been tested; unfortunately, there are no satisfactory results as a single therapy. As aging is partly contributed by free radical reactions, it has been proposed that exogenous antioxidants could have a positive impact on both aging and its associated manifestations. The aim of this report is to provide a summary and a subsequent review of the literature evidence on the role of antioxidants in preventing and improving cognition in the aging brain. Manipulation of endogenous cellular defense mechanisms through nutritional antioxidants or pharmacological compounds represents an innovative approach to therapeutic intervention in diseases causing brain tissue damage, such as neurodegeneration. Coherently with this notion, antioxidants, especially those derived from the Mediterranean diet such as hydroxytyrosol and resveratrol, seem to be able to delay and modulate the cognitive brain aging processes and decrease the occurrence of its effects on the brain. The potential preventive activity of antioxidants should be evaluated in long-term exposure clinical trials, using preparations with high bioavailability, able to bypass the blood-brain barrier limitation, and that are well standardized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Terracina
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Petrella
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, IBBC—CNR, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Francati
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Lucarelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Christian Barbato
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, IBBC—CNR, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Minni
- Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Ralli
- Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Greco
- Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Tarani
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Fiore
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, IBBC—CNR, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.F.); (G.F.)
| | - Giampiero Ferraguti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.F.); (G.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Plant-derived polyphenols in sow nutrition: An update. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2022; 12:96-107. [PMID: 36632620 PMCID: PMC9823128 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2022.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a potentially critical factor that affects productive performance in gestating and lactating sows. Polyphenols are a large class of plant secondary metabolites that possess robust antioxidant capacity. All polyphenols are structurally characterized by aromatic rings with multiple hydrogen hydroxyl groups; those make polyphenols perfect hydrogen atoms and electron donors to neutralize free radicals and other reactive oxygen species. In the past decade, increasing attention has been paid to polyphenols as functional feed additives for sows. Polyphenols have been found to alleviate inflammation and oxidative stress in sows, boost their reproductivity, and promote offspring growth and development. In this review, we provided a systematical summary of the latest research advances in plant-derived polyphenols in sow nutrition, and mainly focused on the effects of polyphenols on the (1) antioxidant and immune functions of sows, (2) placental functions and the growth and development of fetal piglets, (3) mammary gland functions and the growth and development of suckling piglets, and (4) the long-term growth and development of progeny pigs. The output of this review provides an important foundation, from more than 8,000 identified plant phenols, to screen potential polyphenols (or polyphenol-enriched plants) as functional feed additives suitable for gestating and lactating sows.
Collapse
|
7
|
López-Yerena A, Grases-Pintó B, Zhan-Dai S, Pérez-Cano FJ, Lamuela-Raventos RM, Rodríguez-Lagunas MJ, Vallverdú-Queralt A. Nutrition during pregnancy and lactation: New evidence for the vertical transmission of extra virgin olive oil phenolic compounds in rats. Food Chem 2022; 391:133211. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
8
|
Heras-Molina A, Escudero R, Pesántez-Pacheco JL, García-Contreras C, Vázquez-Gómez M, Astiz S, Óvilo C, González-Bulnes A, Isabel B. Maternal Supplementation with Polyphenols and Omega-3 Fatty Acids during Pregnancy: Prenatal Effects on Fetal Fatty Acid Composition in the Iberian Pig. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12162140. [PMID: 36009731 PMCID: PMC9405247 DOI: 10.3390/ani12162140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The present study aimed to determine the effects of maternal dietary supplementation combining hydroxytyrosol and n3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n3-PUFA) from day 35 to day 100 of gestation on the fatty acid (FA) composition of the offspring tissues of the Iberian pig. No effects were found in the plasma FA composition of the dams but higher levels of n3-PUFA were found in the plasma and different tissues (muscle, liver, and brain) of the supplemented fetuses. These findings may have important implications for piglets’ health and may offer guidance for achieving human dietary n3-PUFA recommendations. Abstract Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) is a major problem in pig production and different strategies, mainly maternal supplementation with different agents, are currently being studied. The combination of hydroxytyrosol and n3-PUFA seems to be a promising treatment to counteract IUGR, since the combination may help improve n3-PUFA composition and lower the inflammatory status of IUGR piglets. The aim of the present study is to determine the effects of a maternal supplementation, from day 35 to day 100 of pregnancy, with linseed oil and hydroxytyrosol on the fetal FA composition. The results showed higher n3 levels, including eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic FA in the offspring from treated gilts, which showed lower n6-PUFA/n3-PUFA (n6/n3) ratios. Saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids were also affected by treatment, especially in the muscle and brain. Thus, a maternal supplementation with linseed oil and hydroxytyrosol affected the fetal FA tissue composition, which could have implications in pig production due to the improvement of the piglets’ health status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Heras-Molina
- CSIC-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Escudero
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José L. Pesántez-Pacheco
- CSIC-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Cuenca, Avda. Doce de Octubre, Cuenca 010220, Ecuador
| | | | - Marta Vázquez-Gómez
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches Research Unit (NutriOmics), INSERM, Sorbonne Université, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Susana Astiz
- CSIC-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Óvilo
- CSIC-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio González-Bulnes
- CSIC-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Producción y Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7. Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.G.-B.); (B.I.)
| | - Beatriz Isabel
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.G.-B.); (B.I.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Polyphenols and IUGR Pregnancies: Effects of the Antioxidant Hydroxytyrosol on the Hippocampus Proteome in a Porcine Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061135. [PMID: 35740029 PMCID: PMC9219860 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Supplementation of a mother’s diet with antioxidants such as hydroxytyrosol (HTX) has been proposed to ameliorate the adverse phenotypes of foetuses affected by intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Our previous studies showed, in a porcine model of IUGR, an effect of maternal HTX supplementation on the neurotransmitter profile of several brain areas and the morphology of the hippocampus in 100 days old foetuses. The present study analyzed the impact of maternal HTX supplementation on the hippocampus proteome at this foetal age by TMT10plex labelling. Eleven differentially abundant proteins were identified by comparing both conditions, and eight of them downregulated and three upregulated in the HTX-treated group. The downregulated proteins were mainly involved in protein synthesis and RNA metabolism and may explain the differences in neuron differentiation in the HTX-treated group. The upregulated proteins were related to cell detoxification and could represent a potential mechanism to explain the neuroprotective effect of HTX.
Collapse
|
10
|
del Saz-Lara A, López de las Hazas MC, Visioli F, Dávalos A. Nutri-Epigenetic Effects of Phenolic Compounds from Extra Virgin Olive Oil: A Systematic Review. Adv Nutr 2022; 13:2039-2060. [PMID: 35679085 PMCID: PMC9526845 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmac067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary components can induce epigenetic changes through DNA methylation, histone modification, and regulation of microRNAs (miRNAs). Studies of diet-induced epigenetic regulation can inform anticipatory trials and fine-tune public health guidelines. We systematically reviewed data on the effect of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) and its phenolic compounds (OOPCs) on the epigenetic landscape. We conducted a literature search using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases and scrutinized published evidence. After applying selection criteria (e.g., inclusion of in vitro, animal, or human studies supplemented with EVOO or its OOPCs), we thoroughly reviewed 51 articles, and the quality assessment was performed using the revised Cochrane risk of bias tool. The results show that both EVOO and its OOPCs can promote epigenetic changes capable of regulating the expression of genes and molecular targets involved in different metabolic processes. For example, oleuropein (OL) may be an epigenetic regulator in cancer, and hydroxytyrosol (HT) modulates the expression of miRNAs involved in the development of cancer, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases. We conclude that EVOO and its OOPCs can regulate gene expression by modifying epigenetic mechanisms that impact human pathophysiology. A full elucidation of the epigenetic effects of EVOO and its OOPCs may contribute to developing different pharma-nutritional strategies that exploit them as epigenetic agents. This study was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) as CRD42022320316.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea del Saz-Lara
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, Campus de Excelencia Internacional de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid y el Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEI UAM + CSIC), Madrid, Spain,Laboratory of Functional Foods, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Carmen López de las Hazas
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, Campus de Excelencia Internacional de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid y el Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEI UAM + CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Casuso RA, Al Fazazi S, Plaza-Díaz J, Ruiz-Ojeda FJ, Rueda-Robles A, Aragón-Vela J, Huertas JR. Physiological Doses of Hydroxytyrosol Modulate Gene Expression in Skeletal Muscle of Exercised Rats. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11121393. [PMID: 34947924 PMCID: PMC8708182 DOI: 10.3390/life11121393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We tested whether physiological doses of hydroxytyrosol (HT) may alter the mRNA transcription of key metabolic genes in exercised skeletal muscle. Two groups of exercise-trained Wistar rats, HTlow and HTmid, were supplemented with 0.31 and 4.61 mg/kg/d of HT, respectively, for 10 weeks. Another two groups of rats were not supplemented with HT; one remained sedentary and the other one was exercised. After the experimental period, the soleus muscle was removed for qRT-PCR and western blot analysis. The consumption of 4.61 mg/kg/d of HT during exercise increased the mRNA expression of important metabolic proteins. Specifically, 4.61 mg/kg/d of HT may upregulate long-chain fatty acid oxidation, lactate, and glucose oxidation as well as mitochondrial Krebs cycle in trained skeletal muscle. However, a 4.61 mg/kg/d of HT may alter protein translation, as in spite of the increment showed by CD36 and GLUT4 at the mRNA level this was not translated to higher protein content.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael A. Casuso
- Department of Physiology, Campus University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (S.A.F.); (J.A.-V.)
- Center of Biomedical Research, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (F.J.R.-O.); (A.R.-R.)
- Correspondence: or (R.A.C.); (J.R.H.)
| | - Saad Al Fazazi
- Department of Physiology, Campus University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (S.A.F.); (J.A.-V.)
- Center of Biomedical Research, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (F.J.R.-O.); (A.R.-R.)
| | - Julio Plaza-Díaz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Francisco J. Ruiz-Ojeda
- Center of Biomedical Research, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (F.J.R.-O.); (A.R.-R.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain
- RG Adipocytes and Metabolism, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Center Munich, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Neuherberg, 85764 Munich, Germany
| | - Ascensión Rueda-Robles
- Center of Biomedical Research, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (F.J.R.-O.); (A.R.-R.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
| | - Jerónimo Aragón-Vela
- Department of Physiology, Campus University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (S.A.F.); (J.A.-V.)
- Center of Biomedical Research, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (F.J.R.-O.); (A.R.-R.)
| | - Jesús R. Huertas
- Department of Physiology, Campus University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (S.A.F.); (J.A.-V.)
- Center of Biomedical Research, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (F.J.R.-O.); (A.R.-R.)
- Correspondence: or (R.A.C.); (J.R.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Polyphenols and IUGR Pregnancies: Intrauterine Growth Restriction and Hydroxytyrosol Affect the Development and Neurotransmitter Profile of the Hippocampus in a Pig Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10101505. [PMID: 34679640 PMCID: PMC8532848 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) refers to poor growth of a fetus during pregnancy due to deficient maternal nutrition or oxygen supply. Supplementation of a mother’s diet with antioxidants, such as hydroxytyrosol (HTX), has been proposed to ameliorate the adverse phenotypes of IUGR. In the present study, sows were treated daily with or without 1.5 mg of HTX per kilogram of feed from day 35 of pregnancy (at 30% of the total gestational period), and fetuses were sampled at day 100 of gestation. Fetuses were classified as normal body weight (NBW) or low body weight (LBW) as a consequence of IUGR, constituting four groups: NBW-Control, NBW-HTX, LBW-Control, and LBW-HTX. The brain was removed, and the hippocampus, amygdala, and prefrontal cortex were rapidly dissected. Neuronal markers were studied by immunohistochemistry, and a decrease in the number of mature neurons in the hippocampal Cornu Ammonis subfield 1 (CA1) and the Dentate Gyrus (DG) regions was observed in LBW fetuses together with a higher number of immature neurons and other alterations in neuronal morphology. Furthermore, IUGR conditions altered the neurotransmitter (NT) profile, since an increase in the serotonin (5-HT) pathway was observed in LBW fetuses. Supplementation with HTX was able to reverse the morphological and neurochemical changes, leading both characteristics to values similar to those of NBW fetuses.
Collapse
|
13
|
Heras-Molina A, Pesántez-Pacheco JL, Garcia-Contreras C, Vázquez-Gómez M, López A, Benítez R, Núñez Y, Astiz S, Óvilo C, Isabel B, González-Bulnes A. Maternal Supplementation with Polyphenols and Omega-3 Fatty Acids during Pregnancy: Prenatal Effects on Growth and Metabolism. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11061699. [PMID: 34200304 PMCID: PMC8227179 DOI: 10.3390/ani11061699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The present study aimed to determine benefits and risks of a dietary supplementation combining hydroxytyrosol and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on prenatal development and metabolic traits in swine, a model of intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR) pregnancies. No effects were found regarding sows’ weight and adiposity. Treated sows had larger litters, with smaller fetuses. However, these animals had better development of some major organs. Fetuses from the treated group had better glycemic and lipidic indexes, but no effects on anti/prooxidant profiles were found. Abstract Maternal supplementation with antioxidants and n-3 PUFAs may be a promising strategy to reduce the risk of intrauterine growth restriction and preterm delivery, which may diminish the appearance of low-birth-neonates. A previous studies showed beneficial outcomes of the combination of hydroxytyrosol and linoleic acid, but there is no data of its prenatal effects. The present study aimed to determine the possible prenatal implications of such maternal supplementation at prenatal stages in swine, a model of IUGR pregnancies. Results showed effects on litter size, with treated sows having larger litters and, therefore, smaller fetuses. However, the brain/head weight ratio showed a positive effect of the treatment in development, as well as in some other major organs like lungs, spleen, or kidneys. On the other hand, treated piglets showed better glycemic and lipidemic profiles, which could explain postnatal effects. However, further research on the implications of the treatment on litter size and prenatal and postnatal development must be done before practical recommendation can be given.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Heras-Molina
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (J.L.P.-P.); (C.G.-C.); (A.L.); (R.B.); (Y.N.); (S.A.); (C.Ó.)
| | - José Luis Pesántez-Pacheco
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (J.L.P.-P.); (C.G.-C.); (A.L.); (R.B.); (Y.N.); (S.A.); (C.Ó.)
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, University of Cuenca, Avda. Doce de Octubre, Cuenca 010220, Ecuador
| | - Consolación Garcia-Contreras
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (J.L.P.-P.); (C.G.-C.); (A.L.); (R.B.); (Y.N.); (S.A.); (C.Ó.)
| | - Marta Vázquez-Gómez
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UCM, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.-G.); (B.I.)
- Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici V, Trav. dels Turons, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Adrián López
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (J.L.P.-P.); (C.G.-C.); (A.L.); (R.B.); (Y.N.); (S.A.); (C.Ó.)
| | - Rita Benítez
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (J.L.P.-P.); (C.G.-C.); (A.L.); (R.B.); (Y.N.); (S.A.); (C.Ó.)
| | - Yolanda Núñez
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (J.L.P.-P.); (C.G.-C.); (A.L.); (R.B.); (Y.N.); (S.A.); (C.Ó.)
| | - Susana Astiz
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (J.L.P.-P.); (C.G.-C.); (A.L.); (R.B.); (Y.N.); (S.A.); (C.Ó.)
| | - Cristina Óvilo
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (J.L.P.-P.); (C.G.-C.); (A.L.); (R.B.); (Y.N.); (S.A.); (C.Ó.)
| | - Beatriz Isabel
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UCM, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.-G.); (B.I.)
| | - Antonio González-Bulnes
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (J.L.P.-P.); (C.G.-C.); (A.L.); (R.B.); (Y.N.); (S.A.); (C.Ó.)
- Departamento de Producción y Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Polyphenols and IUGR Pregnancies: Effects of the Antioxidant Hydroxytyrosol on Brain Neurochemistry and Development in a Porcine Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10060884. [PMID: 34073097 PMCID: PMC8227239 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Supplementation of a mother’s diet with antioxidants, such as hydroxytyrosol (HTX), has been proposed to ameliorate the adverse phenotypes of fetuses at risk of intrauterine growth restriction. In the present study, sows were treated daily with or without 1.5 mg of HTX per kilogram of feed from day 35 of pregnancy (at 30% of total gestational period), and individuals were sampled at three different ages: 100-day-old fetuses and 1-month- and 6-month-old piglets. After euthanasia, the brain was removed and the hippocampus, amygdala, and prefrontal cortex were dissected. The profile of the catecholaminergic and serotoninergic neurotransmitters (NTs) was characterized and an immunohistochemical study of the hippocampus was performed. The results indicated that maternal supplementation with HTX during pregnancy affected the NT profile in a brain-area-dependant mode and it modified the process of neuron differentiation in the hippocampal CA1 and GD areas, indicating that cell differentiation occurred more rapidly in the HTX group. These effects were specific to the fetal period, concomitantly with HTX maternal supplementation, since no major differences remained between the control and treated groups in 1-month- and 6-month-old pigs.
Collapse
|
15
|
Fabiani R, Vella N, Rosignoli P. Epigenetic Modifications Induced by Olive Oil and Its Phenolic Compounds: A Systematic Review. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020273. [PMID: 33430487 PMCID: PMC7826507 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Many studies demonstrated that olive oil (especially extra virgin olive oil: EVOO) phenolic compounds are bioactive molecules with anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging and neuroprotective activities. These effects have been recently attributed to the ability of these compounds to induce epigenetics modifications such as miRNAs expression, DNA methylation and histone modifications. In this study, we systematically review and discuss, following the PRISMA statements, the epigenetic modifications induced by EVOO and its phenols in different experimental systems. At the end of literature search through “PubMed”, “Web of Science” and “Scopus”, 43 studies were selected.Among them, 22 studies reported data on miRNAs, 15 on DNA methylation and 13 on histone modification. Most of the “epigenomic” changes observed in response to olive oil phenols’ exposure were mechanistically associated with the cancer preventive and anti-inflammatory effects. In many cases, the epigenetics effects regarding the DNA methylation were demonstrated for olive oil but without any indication regarding the presence or not of phenols. Overall, the findings of the present systematic review may have important implications for understanding the epigenetic mechanisms behind the health effects of olive oil. However, generally no direct evidence was provided for the causal relationships between epigenetics modification and EVOO health related effects. Further studies are necessary to demonstrate the real physiological consequences of the epigenetics modification induced by EVOO and its phenolic compounds.
Collapse
|
16
|
Ayuso M, Buyssens L, Stroe M, Valenzuela A, Allegaert K, Smits A, Annaert P, Mulder A, Carpentier S, Van Ginneken C, Van Cruchten S. The Neonatal and Juvenile Pig in Pediatric Drug Discovery and Development. Pharmaceutics 2020; 13:44. [PMID: 33396805 PMCID: PMC7823749 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmacotherapy in pediatric patients is challenging in view of the maturation of organ systems and processes that affect pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Especially for the youngest age groups and for pediatric-only indications, neonatal and juvenile animal models can be useful to assess drug safety and to better understand the mechanisms of diseases or conditions. In this respect, the use of neonatal and juvenile pigs in the field of pediatric drug discovery and development is promising, although still limited at this point. This review summarizes the comparative postnatal development of pigs and humans and discusses the advantages of the juvenile pig in view of developmental pharmacology, pediatric diseases, drug discovery and drug safety testing. Furthermore, limitations and unexplored aspects of this large animal model are covered. At this point in time, the potential of the neonatal and juvenile pig as nonclinical safety models for pediatric drug development is underexplored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Ayuso
- Comparative Perinatal Development, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (L.B.); (M.S.); (A.V.); (C.V.G.)
| | - Laura Buyssens
- Comparative Perinatal Development, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (L.B.); (M.S.); (A.V.); (C.V.G.)
| | - Marina Stroe
- Comparative Perinatal Development, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (L.B.); (M.S.); (A.V.); (C.V.G.)
| | - Allan Valenzuela
- Comparative Perinatal Development, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (L.B.); (M.S.); (A.V.); (C.V.G.)
| | - Karel Allegaert
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (K.A.); (P.A.)
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Smits
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospitals UZ Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter Annaert
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (K.A.); (P.A.)
| | - Antonius Mulder
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Antwerp, 2650 Edegem, Belgium;
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | | | - Chris Van Ginneken
- Comparative Perinatal Development, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (L.B.); (M.S.); (A.V.); (C.V.G.)
| | - Steven Van Cruchten
- Comparative Perinatal Development, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (L.B.); (M.S.); (A.V.); (C.V.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
The Role of Offspring Genotype-By-Sex Interactions, Independently of Environmental Cues, on the Phenotype Traits of an Obese Swine Model. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9120445. [PMID: 33291637 PMCID: PMC7761963 DOI: 10.3390/biology9120445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The present study, comparing the postnatal development of purebred Iberian and crossbreds Iberian × Large White littermates born from purebred Iberian sows, allows us to discern phenotype traits driven by the genotype from features imposed by pre- and postnatal environment. The results obtained in this study support the well-known relevance of genotype but also evidence a paramount role of the interaction sex-by-genotype, with differential effects depending on the offspring genotype and sex. Abstract The present study aimed to assess the importance of offspring genotype on postnatal development, independently of confounding factors related to prenatal environment and postnatal lifestyle, using a translational model of obesity and metabolic syndrome (the Iberian pig). Hence, we compared two genotypes (purebred Iberian and crossbreds Iberian × Large White), produced in one single maternal environment (pure Iberian mothers) through artificial insemination of Iberian sows with Iberian and Large White heterospermic semen and maintained in the same conditions during postnatal development. The results indicate that, under same pre- and postnatal environments, the interaction genotype-by-sex has a determinant role on offspring phenotype (i.e., growth and development, metabolic and antioxidant status and fatty acid composition of different tissues). These results may set the basis for future preclinical and clinical research on the differences in the metabolic phenotype among genotypes.
Collapse
|
18
|
The Effects of Maternal Metformin Treatment on Late Prenatal and Early Postnatal Development of the Offspring Are Modulated by Sex. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13110363. [PMID: 33158193 PMCID: PMC7694275 DOI: 10.3390/ph13110363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Metformin is currently used to improve pregnancy outcome in women affected by polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or diabetes. However, metformin may also be useful in pregnancies at risk of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) since it improves placental efficiency and the fetuses' developmental competence. There is no data on the duration of the effect of this treatment from the prenatal up to the postnatal stages. Therefore, the present trial aimed at determining the impact of metformin treatment on the offspring neonatal traits and early postnatal development (i.e., during lactation) using an in vivo swine model. The results support that maternal metformin treatment during pregnancy induces protective changes in body shape and composition of the progeny (i.e., larger head size and body length at birth and higher total viscera weight at weaning). However, there were also major effects of the offspring sex (smaller corpulence in females and lower relative weight of main viscerae in males), which should be considered for further preclinical studies and when even the current clinical application in women affected by PCOS or diabetes is implemented.
Collapse
|
19
|
Heras-Molina A, Pesantez-Pacheco JL, Astiz S, Garcia-Contreras C, Vazquez-Gomez M, Encinas T, Óvilo C, Isabel B, Gonzalez-Bulnes A. Maternal Supplementation with Polyphenols and Omega-3 Fatty Acids during Pregnancy: Effects on Growth, Metabolism, and Body Composition of the Offspring. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10111946. [PMID: 33105758 PMCID: PMC7690598 DOI: 10.3390/ani10111946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The present study aimed to determine benefits and risks of a dietary supplementation combining hydroxytyrosol and n3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on developmental patterns and metabolic traits of offspring in swine, a model of intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR) pregnancies. There were no deleterious effects on the reproductive traits of the sows and the postnatal features of the piglets. Piglets from the supplemented sows, in spite of a lower mean weight and corpulence at birth, showed higher average daily weight gain and fractional growth rate afterwards. Consequently, they reached higher weight and corpulence with increased muscle development and better lipidemic and fatty acids profiles than control offspring at juvenile stages. Abstract Maternal supplementation with antioxidants and n3 PUFAs may be a promising strategy to reduce the risk of intrauterine growth restriction and preterm delivery, which may diminish the appearance of low-birth-weight neonates. The present study aimed to determine benefits and risks of a dietary supplementation combining hydroxytyrosol, a polyphenol from olive leaves and fruits, and n3 PUFAs, from linseed oil, on developmental patterns and metabolic traits of offspring in swine, a model of IUGR pregnancies. The results obtained indicate that maternal supplementation with hydroxytyrosol and n-3 fatty acids during pregnancy has no deleterious effects on the reproductive traits of the sows (prolificacy, homogeneity of the litter, and percentage of stillborns and low-birth-weight, LBW, piglets) and the postnatal features of the piglets (growth patterns, adiposity, and metabolic traits). Conversely, in spite of a lower mean weight and corpulence at birth, piglets from the supplemented sows showed higher average daily weight gain and fractional growth rate. Thus, at juvenile stages afterwards, the offspring from the treated group reached higher weight and corpulence, with increased muscle development and better lipidemic and fatty acid profiles, in spite of similar adiposity, than offspring in the control group. However, much caution and more research are still needed before practical recommendation and use in human pregnancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Heras-Molina
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (J.L.P.-P.); (S.A.); (C.G.-C.); (C.Ó.)
| | - José Luis Pesantez-Pacheco
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (J.L.P.-P.); (S.A.); (C.G.-C.); (C.Ó.)
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Cuenca, Avda. Doce de Octubre, Cuenca 010220, Ecuador
| | - Susana Astiz
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (J.L.P.-P.); (S.A.); (C.G.-C.); (C.Ó.)
| | | | - Marta Vazquez-Gomez
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UCM, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.-G.); (T.E.); (B.I.)
- Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici V, Trav. dels Turons, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Teresa Encinas
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UCM, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.-G.); (T.E.); (B.I.)
| | - Cristina Óvilo
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (J.L.P.-P.); (S.A.); (C.G.-C.); (C.Ó.)
| | - Beatriz Isabel
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UCM, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.-G.); (T.E.); (B.I.)
| | - Antonio Gonzalez-Bulnes
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (J.L.P.-P.); (S.A.); (C.G.-C.); (C.Ó.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UCM, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.-G.); (T.E.); (B.I.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Castro-Rodríguez DC, Rodríguez-González GL, Menjivar M, Zambrano E. Maternal interventions to prevent adverse fetal programming outcomes due to maternal malnutrition: Evidence in animal models. Placenta 2020; 102:49-54. [PMID: 33218579 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Animal studies indicate that suboptimal conditions during pregnancy adversely impact both maternal health and offspring phenotype, predisposing offspring to development of later-life diseases including obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and behavioral and reproductive dysfunction. Effective interventions during pregnancy and/or lactation are needed to improve both maternal and offspring health. This review addresses the relationship between adverse perinatal insults and its negative impact on offspring development and presents some maternal intervention studies in animal models, such as maternal nutrition (diet modification, antioxidants, omega-3-6 (n-3-6), probiotics) or physical activity, which can prevent or alleviate negative outcomes in both mother and offspring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana C Castro-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, Mexico; CONACyT-Cátedras, Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe L Rodríguez-González
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Marta Menjivar
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico; Unidad Académica de Ciencias y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México-Yucatán, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Elena Zambrano
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Parraguez VH, Sales F, Peralta OA, Narbona E, Lira R, De los Reyes M, González-Bulnes A. Supplementation of Underfed Twin-Bearing Ewes with Herbal Vitamins C and E: Impacts on Birth Weight, Postnatal Growth, and Pre-Weaning Survival of the Lambs. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10040652. [PMID: 32283780 PMCID: PMC7223360 DOI: 10.3390/ani10040652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Twin-bearing pregnancies of sheep reared in harsh environmental conditions result in maternal undernutrition and feto-maternal oxidative stress, leading to intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). We assessed the efficiency of supplementation with antioxidant herbal vitamins C and E alone or in combination with concentrate throughout gestation on pregnancy outcomes, pre-weaning growth, and survival of twin lambs from grazing ewes at the Magellan Steppe. Four groups (n = 30 each) of twin-bearing ewes received a base natural prairie (P) diet, supplemented with either herbal vitamins C 500 mg and E 350 IU per day (V) or concentrated food (S); groups were: P, P + V, P + S, and P + VS. Vitamins and concentrate were supplemented until parturition. At birth, lambs were weighed, and blood was drawn for total antioxidant capacity (TAC) evaluation. Lamb body weight (BW) and survival rate were evaluated at mid-lactation (60 days) and at weaning (120 days). Vitamin supplementation resulted in increased lamb birth weight and TAC, with a trend towards higher BW at weaning, while nutritional supplementation only had a positive effect on birth weight. Lamb survival was higher in both vitamin supplemented groups. In conclusion, supplementation with herbal vitamins C and E alone or in combination with concentrate food during pregnancy may constitute a good nutritional strategy for sheep reared in harsh environmental conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Víctor H. Parraguez
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile; (O.A.P.); (E.N.); (M.D.l.R.)
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +56-2-29785548
| | - Francisco Sales
- INIA-Kampenaike, Punta Arenas 6212707, Chile; (F.S.); (R.L.)
| | - Oscar A. Peralta
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile; (O.A.P.); (E.N.); (M.D.l.R.)
| | - Eileen Narbona
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile; (O.A.P.); (E.N.); (M.D.l.R.)
| | - Raúl Lira
- INIA-Kampenaike, Punta Arenas 6212707, Chile; (F.S.); (R.L.)
| | - Mónica De los Reyes
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile; (O.A.P.); (E.N.); (M.D.l.R.)
| | - Antonio González-Bulnes
- INIA-Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n. 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n. 28040 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
The impact of prenatal environment on postnatal life and performance: Future perspectives for prevention and treatment. Theriogenology 2020; 150:15-19. [PMID: 31983467 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The present review aims to offer a non-comprehensive outline of the current state-of-the-art and future perspectives on management and therapeutic tools for intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and associated prenatal programming in both human and animal species. Animals are used as models for the study of phenomena related to IUGR, but also for research on prenatal therapies with the main objective of designing and developing preventive and therapeutic strategies. The research is currently paying attention on maternal-focused pharmacological treatments and nutritional strategies but also on fetal-focused treatments. Fetal-focused treatments, administered either directly at the fetus or by using infusion of umbilical cord, amniotic sac or placenta, which avoids the administration of substances at high doses to the mother for allowing their availability at the fetoplacental level. The results obtained in this area of research using large animals (rabbits, pigs and ruminants) have a dual interest, for translational biomedicine and for veterinary medicine and animal production.
Collapse
|
23
|
Vazquez-Gomez M, Heras-Molina A, Garcia-Contreras C, Pesantez-Pacheco JL, Torres-Rovira L, Martinez-Fernandez B, Gonzalez J, Encinas T, Astiz S, Ovilo C, Isabel B, Gonzalez-Bulnes A. Polyphenols and IUGR Pregnancies: Effects of Maternal Hydroxytyrosol Supplementation on Postnatal Growth, Metabolism and Body Composition of the Offspring. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E535. [PMID: 31717349 PMCID: PMC6912388 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8110535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal supplementation with the polyphenol hydroxytyrosol in a swine model of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) improves the fetal oxidative status, decreases the appearance of low birth-weight neonates and favors growth during early postnatal stages (lactation). The current study aimed to determine whether hydroxytyrosol supplementation can also improve developmental patterns, metabolic traits, and body composition of the offspring during later postnatal stages (from weaning to adulthood). A total of 21 piglets born from control untreated sows and 20 piglets born from sows treated with hydroxytyrosol during the last two-thirds of pregnancy were selected on the basis of similar body weights at weaning, for avoiding any interfering effects occurred during lactation. The pigs in the treated group had higher average daily weight gain (ADWG) and, therefore, reached higher body weight and corpulence, greater muscle development and higher adiposity than their control counterparts. The following were not found: significant effects on metabolism and body composition except changes in the muscular fatty acid composition of the treated pigs coming from the largest litters; those more affected by IUGR processes. These findings suggest that maternal supplementation with hydroxytyrosol may improve juvenile development of offspring in at-risk pregnancies and pave the way for more specific studies aiming to elucidate effects on adiposity, metabolism, and meat organoleptic characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Vazquez-Gomez
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UCM, Ciudad Universitaria s/n. 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.-G.); (T.E.); (B.I.)
| | - Ana Heras-Molina
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. de La Coruña Km. 7,5. 29040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (C.G.-C.); (J.L.P.-P.); (L.T.-R.); (S.A.); (C.O.)
| | - Consolacion Garcia-Contreras
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. de La Coruña Km. 7,5. 29040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (C.G.-C.); (J.L.P.-P.); (L.T.-R.); (S.A.); (C.O.)
| | - Jose Luis Pesantez-Pacheco
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. de La Coruña Km. 7,5. 29040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (C.G.-C.); (J.L.P.-P.); (L.T.-R.); (S.A.); (C.O.)
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Cuenca, Avda. Doce de Octubre, 010220 Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Laura Torres-Rovira
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. de La Coruña Km. 7,5. 29040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (C.G.-C.); (J.L.P.-P.); (L.T.-R.); (S.A.); (C.O.)
| | | | - Jorge Gonzalez
- Micros Veterinaria, Campus de Vegazana, 24007 Leon, Spain; (B.M.-F.); (J.G.)
| | - Teresa Encinas
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UCM, Ciudad Universitaria s/n. 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.-G.); (T.E.); (B.I.)
| | - Susana Astiz
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. de La Coruña Km. 7,5. 29040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (C.G.-C.); (J.L.P.-P.); (L.T.-R.); (S.A.); (C.O.)
| | - Cristina Ovilo
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. de La Coruña Km. 7,5. 29040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (C.G.-C.); (J.L.P.-P.); (L.T.-R.); (S.A.); (C.O.)
| | - Beatriz Isabel
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UCM, Ciudad Universitaria s/n. 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.-G.); (T.E.); (B.I.)
| | - Antonio Gonzalez-Bulnes
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UCM, Ciudad Universitaria s/n. 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.-G.); (T.E.); (B.I.)
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. de La Coruña Km. 7,5. 29040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (C.G.-C.); (J.L.P.-P.); (L.T.-R.); (S.A.); (C.O.)
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Polyphenols and IUGR Pregnancies: Effects of Maternal Hydroxytyrosol Supplementation on Hepatic Fat Accretion and Energy and Fatty Acids Profile of Fetal Tissues. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071534. [PMID: 31284510 PMCID: PMC6682965 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal supplementation with hydroxytyrosol, a polyphenol present in olive leaves and fruits, is a highly promising strategy to improve the oxidative and metabolic status of fetuses at risk of intrauterine growth restriction, which may diminish the appearance of low-birth-weight neonates. The present study aimed to determine whether hydroxytyrosol, by preventing lipid peroxidation, may influence the fat accretion and energy homeostasis in the liver, as well as the fatty acid composition in the liver and muscle. The results indicate that hydroxytyrosol treatment significantly decreased the energy content of the fetal liver, without affecting fat accretion, and caused significant changes in the availability of fatty acids. There were significant increases in the amount of total polyunsaturated fatty acids, omega-3 and omega-6, which are highly important for adequate fetal tissue development. However, there were increases in the omega-6/omega-3 ratio and the desaturation index, which make further studies necessary to determine possible effects on the pro/anti-inflammatory status of the fetuses.
Collapse
|