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Malik S, Sikander M, Wahid M, Dhasmana A, Sarwat M, Khan S, Cobos E, Yallapu MM, Jaggi M, Chauhan SC. Deciphering cellular and molecular mechanism of MUC13 mucin involved in cancer cell plasticity and drug resistance. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:981-999. [PMID: 38498072 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-024-10177-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
There has been a surge of interest in recent years in understanding the intricate mechanisms underlying cancer progression and treatment resistance. One molecule that has recently emerged in these mechanisms is MUC13 mucin, a transmembrane glycoprotein. Researchers have begun to unravel the molecular complexity of MUC13 and its impact on cancer biology. Studies have shown that MUC13 overexpression can disrupt normal cellular polarity, leading to the acquisition of malignant traits. Furthermore, MUC13 has been associated with increased cancer plasticity, allowing cells to undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasize. Notably, MUC13 has also been implicated in the development of chemoresistance, rendering cancer cells less responsive to traditional treatment options. Understanding the precise role of MUC13 in cellular plasticity, and chemoresistance could pave the way for the development of targeted therapies to combat cancer progression and enhance treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Malik
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Biomedical Research Building, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 5300 North L Street, McAllen, TX, 78504, USA
- South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA
| | - Mohammed Sikander
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Biomedical Research Building, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 5300 North L Street, McAllen, TX, 78504, USA
- South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA
| | - Mohd Wahid
- Unit of Research and Scientific Studies, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, University of Jazan, Jizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anupam Dhasmana
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Biomedical Research Building, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 5300 North L Street, McAllen, TX, 78504, USA
- South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA
| | - Maryam Sarwat
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India
| | - Sheema Khan
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Biomedical Research Building, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 5300 North L Street, McAllen, TX, 78504, USA
- South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA
| | - Everardo Cobos
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA
| | - Murali M Yallapu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Biomedical Research Building, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 5300 North L Street, McAllen, TX, 78504, USA
- South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA
| | - Meena Jaggi
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Biomedical Research Building, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 5300 North L Street, McAllen, TX, 78504, USA
- South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA
| | - Subhash C Chauhan
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Biomedical Research Building, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 5300 North L Street, McAllen, TX, 78504, USA.
- South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA.
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Bojan A, Pricop C, Ciocoiu M, Vladeanu MC, Bararu Bojan I, Badulescu OV, Badescu MC, Plesoianu CE, Halitchi DI, Foia LG. Environmental and Metabolic Risk Factors Linked to Gallbladder Dysplasia. Metabolites 2024; 14:273. [PMID: 38786750 PMCID: PMC11123122 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14050273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Gallbladder disorders encompass a spectrum from congenital anomalies to inflammatory and neoplastic conditions, frequently requiring surgical intervention. Epithelial abnormalities like adenoma and metaplasia have the potential to progress to carcinoma, emphasizing the importance of histopathological assessment for early detection of malignancy. Gallbladder cancer (GBC) may be incidentally discovered during cholecystectomy for presumed benign conditions, underscoring the need for a thorough examination. However, the lack of clarity regarding the molecular mechanisms of GBC has impeded diagnostic and therapeutic advancements. Timely detection is crucial due to GBC's aggressive nature and poor prognosis. Chronic inflammation plays a central role in carcinogenesis, causing DNA damage and oncogenic alterations due to persistent insults. Inflammatory cytokines and microRNAs are among the various mediators contributing to this process. Gallbladder calcifications, particularly stippled ones, may signal malignancy and warrant preemptive removal. Molecular pathways involving mutations in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes drive GBC pathogenesis, with proposed sequences such as gallstone-induced inflammation leading to carcinoma formation. Understanding these mechanisms, alongside evaluating mucin characteristics and gene mutations, can deepen comprehension of GBC's pathophysiology. This, in turn, facilitates the identification of high-risk individuals and the development of improved treatment strategies, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes. Thus, in this review, our aim has been to underscore the primary mechanisms underlying the development of gallbladder dysplasia and neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Bojan
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, 700115 Iasi, Romania (C.P.)
| | - Catalin Pricop
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, 700115 Iasi, Romania (C.P.)
| | - Manuela Ciocoiu
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.C.V.)
| | - Maria Cristina Vladeanu
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.C.V.)
| | - Iris Bararu Bojan
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.C.V.)
| | - Oana Viola Badulescu
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.C.V.)
| | - Minerva Codruta Badescu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.C.B.)
| | - Carmen Elena Plesoianu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.C.B.)
| | - Dan Iliescu Halitchi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.C.B.)
| | - Liliana Georgeta Foia
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
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Yang CY, Guo LM, Li Y, Wang GX, Tang XW, Zhang QL, Zhang LF, Luo JY. Establishment of a cholangiocarcinoma risk evaluation model based on mucin expression levels. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:1344-1360. [PMID: 38660669 PMCID: PMC11037065 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i4.1344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly malignant cancer, characterized by frequent mucin overexpression. MUC1 has been identified as a critical oncogene in the progression of CCA. However, the comprehensive understanding of how the mucin family influences CCA progression and prognosis is still incomplete. AIM To investigate the functions of mucins on the progression of CCA and to establish a risk evaluation formula for stratifying CCA patients. METHODS Single-cell RNA sequencing data from 14 CCA samples were employed for elucidating the roles of mucins, complemented by bioinformatic analyses. Subsequent validations were conducted through spatial transcriptomics and immunohistochemistry. The construction of a risk evaluation model utilized the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression algorithm, which was further confirmed by independent cohorts and diverse data types. RESULTS CCA tumor cells with elevated levels of MUC1 and MUC4 showed activated nucleotide metabolic pathways and increased invasiveness. MUC5AC-high cells were found to promote CCA progression through WNT signaling. MUC5B-high cells exhibited robust cellular oxidation activities, leading to resistance against antitumoral treatments. MUC13-high cells were observed to secret chemokines, recruiting and transforming macrophages into the M2-polarized state, thereby suppressing antitumor immunity. MUC16-high cells were found to promote tumor progression through interleukin-1/nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells signaling upon interaction with neutrophils. Utilizing the expression levels of these mucins, a risk factor evaluation formula for CCA was developed and validated across multiple cohorts. CCA samples with higher risk factors exhibited stronger metastatic potential, chemotherapy resistance, and poorer prognosis. CONCLUSION Our study elucidates the functional mechanisms through which mucins contribute to CCA development, and provides tools for risk stratification in CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yuan Yang
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences Peking University, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Li-Mei Guo
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences Peking University, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences Peking University, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Guang-Xi Wang
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences Peking University, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Tang
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences Peking University, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qiu-Lu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences Peking University, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ling-Fu Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jian-Yuan Luo
- Department of Medical Genetics, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences Peking University, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
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Zdyrski C, Gabriel V, Gessler TB, Ralston A, Sifuentes-Romero I, Kundu D, Honold S, Wickham H, Topping NE, Sahoo DK, Bista B, Tamplin J, Ospina O, Piñeyro P, Arriaga M, Galan JA, Meyerholz DK, Allenspach K, Mochel JP, Valenzuela N. Establishment and characterization of turtle liver organoids provides a potential model to decode their unique adaptations. Commun Biol 2024; 7:218. [PMID: 38388772 PMCID: PMC10883927 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05818-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Painted turtles are remarkable for their freeze tolerance and supercooling ability along with their associated resilience to hypoxia/anoxia and oxidative stress, rendering them an ideal biomedical model for hypoxia-induced injuries (including strokes), tissue cooling during surgeries, and organ cryopreservation. Yet, such research is hindered by their seasonal reproduction and slow maturation. Here we developed and characterized adult stem cell-derived turtle liver organoids (3D self-assembled in vitro structures) from painted, snapping, and spiny softshell turtles spanning ~175My of evolution, with a subset cryopreserved. This development is, to the best of our knowledge, a first for this vertebrate Order, and complements the only other non-avian reptile organoids from snake venom glands. Preliminary characterization, including morphological, transcriptomic, and proteomic analyses, revealed organoids enriched in cholangiocytes. Deriving organoids from distant turtles and life stages demonstrates that our techniques are broadly applicable to chelonians, permitting the development of functional genomic tools currently lacking in herpetological research. Such platform could potentially support studies including genome-to-phenome mapping, gene function, genome architecture, and adaptive responses to climate change, with implications for ecological, evolutionary, and biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Zdyrski
- SMART Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
- 3D Health Solutions Inc., Ames, IA, USA.
- SMART Pharmacology, Precision One Health Initiative, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
| | - Vojtech Gabriel
- SMART Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Thea B Gessler
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | | | - Itzel Sifuentes-Romero
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Debosmita Kundu
- Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Sydney Honold
- SMART Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Hannah Wickham
- SMART Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Nicholas E Topping
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Dipak Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Basanta Bista
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Tamplin
- Department of Biology, University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls, IA, USA
| | - Oscar Ospina
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Pablo Piñeyro
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Marco Arriaga
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Jacob A Galan
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | | | - Karin Allenspach
- SMART Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
- 3D Health Solutions Inc., Ames, IA, USA
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
- SMART Pharmacology, Precision One Health Initiative, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Jonathan P Mochel
- SMART Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
- 3D Health Solutions Inc., Ames, IA, USA
- SMART Pharmacology, Precision One Health Initiative, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Nicole Valenzuela
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
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Capuozzo M, Santorsola M, Ferrara F, Cinque C, Farace S, Patrone R, Granata V, Zovi A, Nasti G, Ottaiano A. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma biomarkers: Towards early detection and personalized pharmacological treatments. Mol Cell Probes 2024; 73:101951. [PMID: 38244704 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2024.101951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a rare malignancy originating from the biliary tree and is anatomically categorized as intrahepatic (iCCA), perihilar, and extrahepatic or distal. iCCA, the second most prevalent hepatobiliary cancer following hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), constitutes 5-20 % of all liver malignancies, with an increasing incidence. The challenging nature of iCCA, combined with nonspecific symptoms, often leads to late diagnoses, resulting in unfavorable outcomes. The advanced phase of this neoplasm is difficult to treat with dismal results. Early diagnosis could significantly reduce mortality attributed to iCCA but remains an elusive goal. The identification of biomarkers specific to iCCA and their translation into clinical practice could facilitate diagnosis, monitor therapy response, and potentially reveal novel interventions and personalized medicine. In this review, we present the current landscape of biomarkers in each of these contexts. In addition to CA19.9, a widely recognized biomarker for iCCA, others such as A1BG, CYFRA 21-1, FAM19A5, MMP-7, RBAK, SSP411, TuM2-PK, WFA, etc., as well as circulating tumor DNA, RNA, cells, and exosomes, are under investigation. Advancing our knowledge and monitoring of biomarkers may enable us to improve diagnosis, prognostication, and apply treatments dynamically and in a more personalized manner.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariachiara Santorsola
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS "G. Pascale", Via Mariano Semmola, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Claudia Cinque
- Pharmaceutical Department, ASL-Naples-3, 80056, Ercolano, Italy
| | - Stefania Farace
- Pharmaceutical Department, ASL-Naples-3, 80056, Ercolano, Italy
| | - Renato Patrone
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS "G. Pascale", Via Mariano Semmola, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Vincenza Granata
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS "G. Pascale", Via Mariano Semmola, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Andrea Zovi
- Hospital Pharmacist, Ministry of Health, 00144, Roma, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Nasti
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS "G. Pascale", Via Mariano Semmola, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ottaiano
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS "G. Pascale", Via Mariano Semmola, 80131, Napoli, Italy.
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Qin S, Wang J, Yuan H, He J, Luan S, Deng Y. Liver function indicators and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: a bidirectional mendelian randomization study. Front Genet 2024; 14:1260352. [PMID: 38318289 PMCID: PMC10839095 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1260352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Observational studies have shown an association between liver dysfunction and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the causality relationship between them is unclear. We aimed to determine whether there is a bidirectional causal relationship between liver function indicators (alanine aminotransferase, ALT; aspartate aminotransferase, AST; alkaline phosphatase, ALP; γ-glutamyltransferase, GGT) and HCC. Our two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study acquired single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with liver function indicators (ALT, n = 134,182; AST, n = 134,154; GGT, n = 118,309; ALP, n = 105,030) and with HCC (n = 197,611) from publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of East Asian ancestry in Japan (BioBank Japan, BBJ). Univariable MR analyses were performed to identify whether the genetic evidence of exposure was significantly associated with outcome. Multivariable MR analysis was conducted to estimate the independent effects of exposures on outcome. Univariable MR analysis indicated that the level of ALT, AST, and GGT was the risk factor for HCC incidence. Meanwhile, multivariable MR analysis revealed that AST was an independent risk factor for HCC. The hazard ratio (HR) of the probability of HCC was 3.045 [95% confidence interval (95%CI), 1.697-5.463, p = 0.003] for AST. The results of reverse MR analyses showed that gene-predictive HCC incidence could increase the levels of AST (HR = 1.031, 95%CI: 1.009-1.054, p = 2.52 × 10-4) and ALT (HR = 1.040, 95%CI: 1.019-1.063, p = 0.005). Meanwhile, HCC may be negatively correlated with ALP levels (HR = 0.971, 95%CI: 0.947-0.995, p = 0.018). This study provides evidence to support that genetically predicted higher levels of AST are related to increased risk of HCC, with no strong evidence of a causal effect of genetically predicted ALP, ALP, and GGT on HCC. In addition, genetic predisposition to HCC could influence blood concentration of ALT, AST, and ALP. Thus, this may create a vicious cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Qin
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Shandong Medical College, Jinan, China
| | - Haiqing Yuan
- Intensive Care Unit, Weifang People’s Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Jingzhen He
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shoujing Luan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Weifang People’s Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Deng
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Chaudhuri AG, Samanta S, Dey M, Raviraja NS, Dey S. Role of Alpha-Fetoprotein in the Pathogenesis of Cancer. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 2024; 43:57-76. [PMID: 38505913 DOI: 10.1615/jenvironpatholtoxicoloncol.2023049145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) belongs to the albuminoid protein family and is considered as the fetal analog of serum albumin. This plasma protein is initially synthesized in the fetal liver and yolk sac and shows a maximum peak near the end of the first trimester. Later, concentrations begin to decline prenatally and drop precipitously after birth. This protein has three key ligand-binding pockets for interactions with various biomolecules. It contains multiple phosphorylation and acetylation sites for the regulation of physiological and pathophysiological states. High serum AFP titer is an established biomarker for yolk sac, embryonal and hepatocellular carcinoma. The present review critically analyzes the chemical nature, receptors, clinical implications, and therapeutic aspects of AFP, underpinning the development of different types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok Ghosh Chaudhuri
- Department of Physiology, Vidyasagar College, Kolkata 700 006, West Bengal, India
| | - Saptadip Samanta
- Department of Physiology, Midnapore College, Midnapore, Paschim Medinipur 721101, West Bengal, India
| | - Monalisha Dey
- Department of Physiology, Vidyasagar College, Kolkata 700 006, West Bengal, India
| | - N S Raviraja
- Manipal Centre for Biotherapeutics Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576 104, Karnataka, India
| | - Souvik Dey
- Manipal Centre for Biotherapeutics Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576 104, Karnataka, India
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Zhang H, Axinbai M, Zhao Y, Wei J, Qu T, Kong J, He Y, Zhang L. Bioinformatics analysis of ferroptosis-related genes and immune cell infiltration in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:605. [PMID: 38115130 PMCID: PMC10729346 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01457-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The morbidity and mortality rates of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have been steadily increasing in recent years. Previous studies have confirmed the important role of ferroptosis in NAFLD development; however, the precise mechanism through which ferroptosis influences NAFLD occurrence remains unclear. The present study aimed to identify and validate ferroptosis-related genes involved in NAFLD pathogenesis and to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms of NAFLD. METHODS We downloaded microarray datasets GSE72756 and GSE24807 to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between samples from healthy individuals and patients with NAFLD. From these DEGs, we extracted ferroptosis-related DEGs. GSE89632, another microarray dataset, was used to validate the expression of ferroptosis-related genes. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of ferroptosis-related genes was then constructed. The target genes were also subjected to Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses. Finally, competing endogenous RNA networks were constructed. We used the CIBERSORT package to evaluate the infiltration of immune cells infiltration in NAFLD. RESULTS Five ferroptosis-related genes (SCP2, MUC1, DPP4, SLC1A4, and TF) were identified as promising diagnostic biomarkers for NAFLD. Enrichment analyses revealed that these genes are mainly involved in metabolic processes. NEAT1-miR-1224-5p-SCP2, NEAT1-miR-485-5p-MUC1, MALAT1-miR-485-5p-MUC1, and CNOT6-miR-145-5p-SLC1A4 are likely to be the potential RNA regulatory pathways that affect NAFLD development. Principal component analysis indicated significant differences in immune cell infiltration between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS This study identified five ferroptosis-related genes as potential biomarkers for diagnosing NAFLD. The correlations between the expression of ferroptosis-related genes and immune cell infiltration might shed light on the study of the molecular mechanism underlying NAFLD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhang
- Department of Digestion, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Malina Axinbai
- Department of Digestion, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yuqing Zhao
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaoyang Wei
- Department of Digestion, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tongshuo Qu
- Department of Digestion, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jingmin Kong
- Department of Emergency, Beijing Chaoyang Integrative Medicine Rescue and First Aid Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yongqiang He
- Department of Digestion, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Liping Zhang
- Department of Digestion, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
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9
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Thorne AM, Wolters JC, Lascaris B, Bodewes SB, Lantinga VA, van Leeuwen OB, de Jong IEM, Ustyantsev K, Berezikov E, Lisman T, Kuipers F, Porte RJ, de Meijer VE. Bile proteome reveals biliary regeneration during normothermic preservation of human donor livers. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7880. [PMID: 38036513 PMCID: PMC10689461 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43368-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) after static cold storage is increasingly used for preservation and assessment of human donor livers prior to transplantation. Biliary viability assessment during NMP reduces the risk of post-transplant biliary complications. However, understanding of molecular changes in the biliary system during NMP remains incomplete. We performed an in-depth, unbiased proteomics analysis of bile collected during sequential hypothermic machine perfusion, rewarming and NMP of 55 human donor livers. Longitudinal analysis during NMP reveals proteins reflective of cellular damage at early stages, followed by upregulation of secretory and immune response processes. Livers with bile chemistry acceptable for transplantation reveal protein patterns implicated in regenerative processes, including cellular proliferation, compared to livers with inadequate bile chemistry. These findings are reinforced by detection of regenerative gene transcripts in liver tissue before machine perfusion. Our comprehensive bile proteomics and liver transcriptomics data sets provide the potential to further evaluate molecular mechanisms during NMP and refine viability assessment criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Thorne
- Department of Liver Transplantation and HPB Surgery, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- UMCG Comprehensive Transplant Center, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Justina C Wolters
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bianca Lascaris
- Department of Liver Transplantation and HPB Surgery, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- UMCG Comprehensive Transplant Center, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Silke B Bodewes
- Department of Liver Transplantation and HPB Surgery, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- UMCG Comprehensive Transplant Center, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Veerle A Lantinga
- Department of Liver Transplantation and HPB Surgery, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- UMCG Comprehensive Transplant Center, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Otto B van Leeuwen
- Department of Liver Transplantation and HPB Surgery, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- UMCG Comprehensive Transplant Center, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Iris E M de Jong
- Department of Liver Transplantation and HPB Surgery, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- UMCG Comprehensive Transplant Center, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Kirill Ustyantsev
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Eugene Berezikov
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ton Lisman
- Department of Liver Transplantation and HPB Surgery, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Surgical Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Folkert Kuipers
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Robert J Porte
- Department of Liver Transplantation and HPB Surgery, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Department of Surgery, Division of HPB and Transplant Surgery, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Vincent E de Meijer
- Department of Liver Transplantation and HPB Surgery, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
- UMCG Comprehensive Transplant Center, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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10
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Harrison SP, Siller R, Tanaka Y, Chollet ME, de la Morena-Barrio ME, Xiang Y, Patterson B, Andersen E, Bravo-Pérez C, Kempf H, Åsrud KS, Lunov O, Dejneka A, Mowinckel MC, Stavik B, Sandset PM, Melum E, Baumgarten S, Bonanini F, Kurek D, Mathapati S, Almaas R, Sharma K, Wilson SR, Skottvoll FS, Boger IC, Bogen IL, Nyman TA, Wu JJ, Bezrouk A, Cizkova D, Corral J, Mokry J, Zweigerdt R, Park IH, Sullivan GJ. Scalable production of tissue-like vascularized liver organoids from human PSCs. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:2005-2024. [PMID: 37653039 PMCID: PMC10545717 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01074-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The lack of physiological parity between 2D cell culture and in vivo culture has led to the development of more organotypic models, such as organoids. Organoid models have been developed for a number of tissues, including the liver. Current organoid protocols are characterized by a reliance on extracellular matrices (ECMs), patterning in 2D culture, costly growth factors and a lack of cellular diversity, structure, and organization. Current hepatic organoid models are generally simplistic and composed of hepatocytes or cholangiocytes, rendering them less physiologically relevant compared to native tissue. We have developed an approach that does not require 2D patterning, is ECM independent, and employs small molecules to mimic embryonic liver development that produces large quantities of liver-like organoids. Using single-cell RNA sequencing and immunofluorescence, we demonstrate a liver-like cellular repertoire, a higher order cellular complexity, presenting with vascular luminal structures, and a population of resident macrophages: Kupffer cells. The organoids exhibit key liver functions, including drug metabolism, serum protein production, urea synthesis and coagulation factor production, with preserved post-translational modifications such as N-glycosylation and functionality. The organoids can be transplanted and maintained long term in mice producing human albumin. The organoids exhibit a complex cellular repertoire reflective of the organ and have de novo vascularization and liver-like function. These characteristics are a prerequisite for many applications from cellular therapy, tissue engineering, drug toxicity assessment, and disease modeling to basic developmental biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean P Harrison
- Hybrid Technology Hub-Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Pediatric Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Richard Siller
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Yoshiaki Tanaka
- Department of Genetics, Yale Stem Cell Center, Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center (CRHMR), University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Maria Eugenia Chollet
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - María Eugenia de la Morena-Barrio
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB, CIBERER, Murcia, Spain
| | - Yangfei Xiang
- Department of Genetics, Yale Stem Cell Center, Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
| | - Benjamin Patterson
- Department of Genetics, Yale Stem Cell Center, Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
| | - Elisabeth Andersen
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Carlos Bravo-Pérez
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB, CIBERER, Murcia, Spain
| | - Henning Kempf
- Department: Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kathrine S Åsrud
- Norwegian PSC Research Center, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Oleg Lunov
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alexandr Dejneka
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marie-Christine Mowinckel
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Benedicte Stavik
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Per Morten Sandset
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Espen Melum
- Hybrid Technology Hub-Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian PSC Research Center, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Section for Gastroenterology, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- European Reference Network RARE-LIVER, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Saphira Baumgarten
- Hybrid Technology Hub-Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Pediatric Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Santosh Mathapati
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Runar Almaas
- Department of Pediatric Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- European Reference Network RARE-LIVER, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kulbhushan Sharma
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Steven R Wilson
- Hybrid Technology Hub-Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, NO-0315, Oslo, Norway
| | - Frøydis S Skottvoll
- Hybrid Technology Hub-Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, NO-0315, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ida C Boger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, NO-0315, Oslo, Norway
| | - Inger Lise Bogen
- Department of Forensic Sciences, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tuula A Nyman
- Department of Immunology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jun Jie Wu
- Department of Engineering, Faculty of Science, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Ales Bezrouk
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Cizkova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Javier Corral
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB, CIBERER, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jaroslav Mokry
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Zweigerdt
- Department: Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - In-Hyun Park
- Department of Genetics, Yale Stem Cell Center, Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
| | - Gareth J Sullivan
- Hybrid Technology Hub-Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Pediatric Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Immunology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
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11
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Rüland L, Andreatta F, Massalini S, Chuva de Sousa Lopes S, Clevers H, Hendriks D, Artegiani B. Organoid models of fibrolamellar carcinoma mutations reveal hepatocyte transdifferentiation through cooperative BAP1 and PRKAR2A loss. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2377. [PMID: 37137901 PMCID: PMC10156813 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37951-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrolamellar carcinoma (FLC) is a lethal primary liver cancer, affecting young patients in absence of chronic liver disease. Molecular understanding of FLC tumorigenesis is limited, partly due to the scarcity of experimental models. Here, we CRISPR-engineer human hepatocyte organoids to recreate different FLC backgrounds, including the predominant genetic alteration, the DNAJB1-PRKACA fusion, as well as a recently reported background of FLC-like tumors, encompassing inactivating mutations of BAP1 and PRKAR2A. Phenotypic characterizations and comparisons with primary FLC tumor samples revealed mutant organoid-tumor similarities. All FLC mutations caused hepatocyte dedifferentiation, yet only combined loss of BAP1 and PRKAR2A resulted in hepatocyte transdifferentiation into liver ductal/progenitor-like cells that could exclusively grow in a ductal cell environment. BAP1-mutant hepatocytes represent primed cells attempting to proliferate in this cAMP-stimulating environment, but require concomitant PRKAR2A loss to overcome cell cycle arrest. In all analyses, DNAJB1-PRKACAfus organoids presented with milder phenotypes, suggesting differences between FLC genetic backgrounds, or for example the need for additional mutations, interactions with niche cells, or a different cell-of-origin. These engineered human organoid models facilitate the study of FLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Rüland
- The Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Simone Massalini
- The Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Hans Clevers
- The Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Pharma, Research and Early Development (pRED) of F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Delilah Hendriks
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Benedetta Artegiani
- The Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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12
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Shen Z, Tao L, Cai J, Zheng J, Sheng Y, Yang Z, Gong L, Song C, Gao J, Ying H, Xu J, Liang X. Safety and feasibility of laparoscopic liver resection for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a propensity score-matched study. World J Surg Oncol 2023; 21:126. [PMID: 37032348 PMCID: PMC10084635 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-023-03004-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) is controversial in treating intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the safety and feasibility of LLR for the treatment of ICC and explored the independent factors affecting the long-term prognosis of ICC. METHODS We included 170 patients undergoing hepatectomy for ICC from December 2010 to December 2021 and divided them into LLR group and open liver resection (OLR) group. We used propensity score matching (PSM) analysis to reduce the impact of data bias and confounding variables and then compared the short-term and long-term prognosis of LLR and OLR in treating ICC; Cox proportional hazards regression model was adopted to explore the independent factors affecting the long-term prognosis of ICC. RESULTS A total of 105 patients (70 in the LLR group and 35 in the OLR group) were included after 2:1 PSM analysis. There was no difference in demographic characteristics and preoperative indexes between the two groups. The perioperative results of the OLR group were worse than those of the LLR group, that is, the intraoperative blood transfusion rate (24 (68.6) vs 21 (30.0)), blood loss (500 (200-1500) vs 200 (100-525)), and the morbidity of major postoperative complications (9 (25.7) vs 6 (8.5)) in the OLR group were worse than those in LLR group. LLR could enable patients to obtain an equivalent long-term prognosis compared to OLR. The Cox proportional hazards regression model exhibited that no matter before or after PSM, preoperative serum CA12-5 and postoperative hospital stay were independent factors affecting overall survival, while only lymph node metastasis independently influenced recurrence-free survival. CONCLUSIONS Compared with ICC treated by OLR, the LLR group obtained superior perioperative period outcomes. In the long run, LLR could enable ICC patients to receive an equivalent long-term prognosis compared to OLR. In addition, ICC patients with preoperative abnormal CA12-5, lymph node metastasis, and more extended postoperative hospital stay might suffer from a worse long-term prognosis. However, these conclusions still need multicenter extensive sample prospective research to demonstrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zefeng Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liye Tao
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingwei Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junhao Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yubin Sheng
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zaibo Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linghan Gong
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Song
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hanning Ying
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junjie Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
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13
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Etienne-Mesmin L, Meslier V, Uriot O, Fournier E, Deschamps C, Denis S, David A, Jegou S, Morabito C, Quinquis B, Thirion F, Plaza Oñate F, Le Chatelier E, Ehrlich SD, Blanquet-Diot S, Almeida M. In Vitro Modelling of Oral Microbial Invasion in the Human Colon. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0434422. [PMID: 36971547 PMCID: PMC10100946 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04344-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in the human microbiome characterization have revealed significant oral microbial detection in stools of dysbiotic patients. However, little is known about the potential interactions of these invasive oral microorganisms with commensal intestinal microbiota and the host. In this proof-of-concept study, we proposed a new model of oral-to-gut invasion by the combined use of an in vitro model simulating both the physicochemical and microbial (lumen- and mucus-associated microbes) parameters of the human colon (M-ARCOL), a salivary enrichment protocol, and whole-metagenome shotgun sequencing. Oral invasion of the intestinal microbiota was simulated by injection of enriched saliva in the in vitro colon model inoculated with a fecal sample from the same healthy adult donor. The mucosal compartment of M-ARCOL was able to retain the highest species richness levels over time, while species richness levels decreased in the luminal compartment. This study also showed that oral microorganisms preferably colonized the mucosal microenvironment, suggesting potential oral-to-intestinal mucosal competitions. This new model of oral-to-gut invasion can provide useful mechanistic insights into the role of oral microbiome in various disease processes. IMPORTANCE Here, we propose a new model of oral-to-gut invasion by the combined use of an in vitro model simulating both the physicochemical and microbial (lumen- and mucus-associated microbes) parameters of the human colon (M-ARCOL), a salivary enrichment protocol, and whole-metagenome shotgun sequencing. Our study revealed the importance of integrating the mucus compartment, which retained higher microbial richness during fermentation, showed the preference of oral microbial invaders for the mucosal resources, and indicated potential oral-to-intestinal mucosal competitions. It also underlined promising opportunities to further understand mechanisms of oral invasion into the human gut microbiome, define microbe-microbe and mucus-microbe interactions in a compartmentalized fashion, and help to better characterize the potential of oral microbial invasion and their persistence in the gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Etienne-Mesmin
- UMR 454 UCA-INRAE Microbiologie Environnement DIgestif et Santé (MEDIS), Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Victoria Meslier
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, MetaGenoPolis (MGP), Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Ophélie Uriot
- UMR 454 UCA-INRAE Microbiologie Environnement DIgestif et Santé (MEDIS), Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Elora Fournier
- UMR 454 UCA-INRAE Microbiologie Environnement DIgestif et Santé (MEDIS), Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Charlotte Deschamps
- UMR 454 UCA-INRAE Microbiologie Environnement DIgestif et Santé (MEDIS), Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Sylvain Denis
- UMR 454 UCA-INRAE Microbiologie Environnement DIgestif et Santé (MEDIS), Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Aymeric David
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, MetaGenoPolis (MGP), Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Sarah Jegou
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, MetaGenoPolis (MGP), Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Christian Morabito
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, MetaGenoPolis (MGP), Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Benoit Quinquis
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, MetaGenoPolis (MGP), Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Florence Thirion
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, MetaGenoPolis (MGP), Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | | | | | - S. Dusko Ehrlich
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, MetaGenoPolis (MGP), Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot
- UMR 454 UCA-INRAE Microbiologie Environnement DIgestif et Santé (MEDIS), Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Mathieu Almeida
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, MetaGenoPolis (MGP), Jouy-en-Josas, France
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14
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Yao N, Jiang W, Wang Y, Song Q, Cao X, Zheng W, Zhang J. An immune-related signature for optimizing prognosis prediction and treatment decision of hepatocellular carcinoma. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:123. [PMID: 36918943 PMCID: PMC10015788 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01091-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An immune-related gene signature (IGS) was established for discriminating prognosis, predicting benefit of immunotherapy, and exploring therapeutic options in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS Based on Immune-related hub genes and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) LIHC dataset (n = 363), an immune-related gene signature (IGS) was established by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis. The prognostic significance and clinical implications of IGS were verified in International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) and Chinese HCC (CHCC) cohorts. The molecular and immune characteristics and the benefit of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in IGS-defined subgroups were analyzed. In addition, by leveraging the Cancer Therapeutics Response Portal (CTRP) and PRISM Repurposing datasets, we determined the potential therapeutic agents for high IGS-risk patients. RESULTS The IGS was constructed based on 8 immune-related hub genes with individual coefficients. The IGS risk model could robustly predict the survival of HCC patients in TCGA, ICGC, and CHCC cohorts. Compared with 4 previous established immune genes-based signatures, IGS exhibited superior performance in survival prediction. Additionally, for immunological characteristics and enriched pathways, a low-IGS score was correlated with IL-6/JAK/STAT3 signaling, inflammatory response and interferon α/γ response pathways, low TP53 mutation rate, high infiltration level, and more benefit from ICI therapy. In contrast, high IGS score manifested an immunosuppressive microenvironment and activated aggressive pathways. Finally, by in silico screening potential compounds, vindesine, ispinesib and dasatinib were identified as potential therapeutic agents for high-IGS risk patients. CONCLUSIONS This study developed a robust IGS model for survival prediction of HCC patients, providing new insights into integrating tailored risk stratification with precise immunotherapy and screening potentially targeted agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ninghua Yao
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People's Republic of China.,Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yilang Wang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Song
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, USA
| | - Xiaolei Cao
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wenjie Zheng
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Benson KK, Sheel A, Rahman S, Esnakula A, Manne A. Understanding the Clinical Significance of MUC5AC in Biliary Tract Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15020433. [PMID: 36672382 PMCID: PMC9856870 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15020433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Biliary tract cancers (BTC) arise from biliary epithelium and include cholangiocarcinomas or CCA (including intrahepatic (ICC) and extrahepatic (ECC)) and gallbladder cancers (GBC). They often have poor outcomes owing to limited treatment options, advanced presentations, frequent recurrence, and poor response to available systemic therapy. Mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) is rarely expressed in normal biliary epithelium, but can be upregulated in tissues of benign biliary disease, premalignant conditions (e.g., biliary intraepithelial neoplasia), and BTCs. This mucin's numerous glycoforms can be divided into less-glycosylated immature and heavily-glycosylated mature forms. Reported MUC5AC tissue expression in BTC varies widely, with some associations based on cancer location (e.g., perihilar vs. peripheral ICC). Study methods were variable regarding cancer subtypes, expression positivity thresholds, and MUC5AC glycoforms. MUC5AC can be detected in serum of BTC patients at high concentrations. The hesitancy in developing MUC5AC into a clinically useful biomarker in BTC management is due to variable evidence on the diagnostic and prognostic value. Concrete conclusions on tissue MUC5AC are difficult, but serum detection might be relevant for diagnosis and is associated with poor prognosis. Future studies are needed to further the understanding of the potential clinical value of MUC5AC in BTC, especially regarding predictive and therapeutic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine K. Benson
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ankur Sheel
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Shafia Rahman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology at the Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ashwini Esnakula
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ashish Manne
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology at the Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-614-366-2982
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16
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Demir AB, Benvenuto D, Karacicek B, Erac Y, Spoto S, Angeletti S, Ciccozzi M, Tosun M. Implications of Possible HBV-Driven Regulation of Gene Expression in Stem Cell-like Subpopulation of Huh-7 Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12122065. [PMID: 36556285 PMCID: PMC9786676 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12122065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated levels of STIM1, an endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ sensor/buffering protein, appear to be correlated with poor cancer prognosis in which microRNAs are also known to play critical roles. The purpose of this study is to investigate possible HBV origins of specific microRNAs we identified in a stem cell-like subpopulation of Huh-7 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines with enhanced STIM1 and/or Orai1 expression that mimicked poor cancer prognosis. Computational strategies including phylogenetic analyses were performed on miRNome data we obtained from an EpCAM- and CD133-expressing Huh-7 HCC stem cell-like subpopulation with enhanced STIM1 and/or Orai1 expression originally cultured in the present work. Results revealed two putative regions in the HBV genome based on the apparent clustering pattern of stem loop sequences of microRNAs, including miR3653. Reciprocal analysis of these regions identified critical human genes, of which their transcripts are among the predicted targets of miR3653, which was increased significantly by STIM1 or Orai1 enhancement. Briefly, this study provides phylogenetic evidence for a possible HBV-driven epigenetic remodeling that alters the expression pattern of Ca2+ homeostasis-associated genes in STIM1- or Orai1 overexpressing liver cancer stem-like cells for a possible mutual survival outcome. A novel region on HBV-X protein may affect liver carcinogenesis in a genotype-dependent manner. Therefore, detection of the viral genotype would have a clinical impact on prognosis of HBV-induced liver cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Banu Demir
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir University of Economics, 35330 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Domenico Benvenuto
- Faculty of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome (UCBM), 200 Rome, Italy
| | - Bilge Karacicek
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, 35340 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Erac
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Silvia Spoto
- Diagnostic and Therapeutic Medicine Division, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 200 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Angeletti
- Clinical Laboratory Science Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome (UCBM), 200 Rome, Italy
- Clinical Laboratory Research Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (S.A.); (M.T.); Tel.: +39-06225411461 (S.A.); +90-2324889843 (M.T.)
| | - Massimo Ciccozzi
- Medical Statistics and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome (UCBM), 200 Rome, Italy
| | - Metiner Tosun
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir University of Economics, 35330 Izmir, Turkey
- Correspondence: (S.A.); (M.T.); Tel.: +39-06225411461 (S.A.); +90-2324889843 (M.T.)
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17
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Macias RIR, Cardinale V, Kendall TJ, Avila MA, Guido M, Coulouarn C, Braconi C, Frampton AE, Bridgewater J, Overi D, Pereira SP, Rengo M, Kather JN, Lamarca A, Pedica F, Forner A, Valle JW, Gaudio E, Alvaro D, Banales JM, Carpino G. Clinical relevance of biomarkers in cholangiocarcinoma: critical revision and future directions. Gut 2022; 71:1669-1683. [PMID: 35580963 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2022-327099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a malignant tumour arising from the biliary system. In Europe, this tumour frequently presents as a sporadic cancer in patients without defined risk factors and is usually diagnosed at advanced stages with a consequent poor prognosis. Therefore, the identification of biomarkers represents an utmost need for patients with CCA. Numerous studies proposed a wide spectrum of biomarkers at tissue and molecular levels. With the present paper, a multidisciplinary group of experts within the European Network for the Study of Cholangiocarcinoma discusses the clinical role of tissue biomarkers and provides a selection based on their current relevance and potential applications in the framework of CCA. Recent advances are proposed by dividing biomarkers based on their potential role in diagnosis, prognosis and therapy response. Limitations of current biomarkers are also identified, together with specific promising areas (ie, artificial intelligence, patient-derived organoids, targeted therapy) where research should be focused to develop future biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocio I R Macias
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM) group, University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain.,Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vincenzo Cardinale
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Timothy J Kendall
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Matias A Avila
- Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.,Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maria Guido
- Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Cedric Coulouarn
- UMR_S 1242, COSS, Centre de Lutte contre le Cancer Eugène Marquis, INSERM University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Chiara Braconi
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Adam E Frampton
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK
| | - John Bridgewater
- Department of Medical Oncology, UCL Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Diletta Overi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Stephen P Pereira
- Institute for Liver & Digestive Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Marco Rengo
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Pathology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Jakob N Kather
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Angela Lamarca
- Medical Oncology/Institute of Cancer Sciences, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust/University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Federica Pedica
- Department of Pathology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alejandro Forner
- Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.,BCLC group, Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic Barcelona. IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan W Valle
- Medical Oncology/Institute of Cancer Sciences, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust/University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Eugenio Gaudio
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Alvaro
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Jesus M Banales
- Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Ikerbasque, San Sebastian, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, School of Sciences, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Guido Carpino
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome 'Foro Italico', Rome, Italy
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18
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ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) Transporters in Fusarium Specific Mycoparasite Sphaerodes mycoparasitica during Biotrophic Mycoparasitism. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12157641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Recent transcriptomic profiling has revealed importance membrane transporters such as ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters in fungal necrotrophic mycoparasites. In this study, RNA-Seq allowed rapid detection of ABC transcripts involved in biotrophic mycoparasitism of Sphaerodes mycoparasitica against the phytopathogenic and mycotoxigenic Fusarium graminearum host, the causal agent of Fusarium head blight (FHB). Transcriptomic analyses of highly expressed S. mycoparasitica genes, and their phylogenetic relationships with other eukaryotic fungi, portrayed the ABC transporters’ evolutionary paths towards biotrophic mycoparasitism. Prior to the in silico phylogenetic analyses, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to confirm the formation of appressorium/haustorium infection structures in S. mycoparasitica during early (1.5 d and 3.5 d) stages of mycoparasitism. Transcripts encoding biotrophy-associated secreted proteins did uncover the enrolment of ABC transporter genes in this specific biocontrol mode of action, while tandem ABC and BUB2 (non-ABC) transcripts seemed to be proper for appressorium development. The next-generation HiSeq transcriptomic profiling of the mycoparasitic hypha samples, revealed 81 transcripts annotated to ABC transporters consisting of a variety of ABC-B (14%), ABC-C (22%), and ABC-G (23%), and to ABC-A, ABC-F, aliphatic sulfonates importer (TC 3.A.1.17.2), BtuF, ribose importer (TC 3.A.1.2.1), and unknown families. The most abundant transcripts belonged to the multidrug resistance exporter (TC 3.A.1.201) subfamily of the ABC-B family, the conjugate transporter (TC 3.A.1.208) subfamily of the ABC-C family, and the pleiotropic drug resistance (PDR) (TC 3.A.1.205) subfamily of the ABC-G family. These findings highlight the significance of ABC transporter genes that control cellular detoxification against toxic substances (e.g., chemical pesticides and mycotoxins) in sustaining a virulence of S. mycoparasitica for effective biotrophic mycoparasitism on the F. graminearum host. The findings of this study provide clues to better understand the biotrophic mycoparasitism of S. mycoparasitica interacting with the Fusarium host, which implies that the ABC transporter group of key proteins is involved in the mycoparasite’s virulence and multidrug resistance to toxic substances including cellular detoxification.
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19
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Li Z, Yang D, Guo T, Lin M. Advances in MUC1-Mediated Breast Cancer Immunotherapy. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12070952. [PMID: 35883508 PMCID: PMC9313386 DOI: 10.3390/biom12070952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BRCA) is the leading cause of death from malignant tumors among women. Fortunately, however, immunotherapy has recently become a prospective BRCA treatment with encouraging achievements and mild safety profiles. Since the overexpression and aberrant glycosylation of MUC1 (human mucin) are closely associated with BRCA, it has become an ideal target for BRCA immunotherapies. In this review, the structure and function of MUC1 are briefly introduced, and the main research achievements in different kinds of MUC1-mediated BRCA immunotherapy are highlighted, from the laboratory to the clinic. Afterward, the future directions of MUC1-mediated BRCA immunotherapy are predicted, addressing, for example, urgent issues in regard to how efficient immunotherapeutic strategies can be generated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Li
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (Z.L.); (D.Y.)
| | - Dazhuang Yang
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (Z.L.); (D.Y.)
| | - Ting Guo
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Jiangsu Taizhou People’s Hospital (Affiliated Hospital 5 of Nantong University), Taizhou 225300, China;
| | - Mei Lin
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Jiangsu Taizhou People’s Hospital (Affiliated Hospital 5 of Nantong University), Taizhou 225300, China;
- Correspondence:
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20
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Ince D, Lucas TM, Malaker SA. Current strategies for characterization of mucin-domain glycoproteins. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2022; 69:102174. [PMID: 35752002 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.102174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Glycosylation, and especially O-linked glycosylation, remains a critical blind spot in the understanding of post-translational modifications. Due to their nature as proteins defined by a large density and abundance of O-glycosylation, mucins present extra challenges in the analysis of their structure and function. However, recent breakthroughs in multiple areas of research have rendered mucin-domain glycoproteins more accessible to current characterization techniques. In particular, the adaptation of mucinases to glycoproteomic workflows, the manipulation of cellular glycosylation pathways, and the advances in synthetic methods to more closely mimic mucin domains have introduced new and exciting avenues to study mucin glycoproteins. Here, we summarize recent developments in understanding the structure and biological function of mucin domains and their associated glycans, from glycoproteomic tools and visualization methods to synthetic glycopeptide mimetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Ince
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 275 Prospect St, New Haven, CT 06511, United States
| | - Taryn M Lucas
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 275 Prospect St, New Haven, CT 06511, United States
| | - Stacy A Malaker
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 275 Prospect St, New Haven, CT 06511, United States.
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21
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Kratochvil MJ, Kaber G, Demirdjian S, Cai PC, Burgener EB, Nagy N, Barlow GL, Popescu M, Nicolls MR, Ozawa MG, Regula DP, Pacheco-Navarro AE, Yang S, de Jesus Perez VA, Karmouty-Quintana H, Peters AM, Zhao B, Buja ML, Johnson PY, Vernon RB, Wight TN, Milla CE, Rogers AJ, Spakowitz AJ, Heilshorn SC, Bollyky PL. Biochemical, biophysical, and immunological characterization of respiratory secretions in severe SARS-CoV-2 infections. JCI Insight 2022; 7:152629. [PMID: 35730564 PMCID: PMC9309048 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.152629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Thick, viscous respiratory secretions are a major pathogenic feature of COVID-19, but the composition and physical properties of these secretions are poorly understood. We characterized the composition and rheological properties (i.e., resistance to flow) of respiratory secretions collected from intubated COVID-19 patients. We found the percentages of solids and protein content were greatly elevated in COVID-19 compared with heathy control samples and closely resembled levels seen in cystic fibrosis, a genetic disease known for thick, tenacious respiratory secretions. DNA and hyaluronan (HA) were major components of respiratory secretions in COVID-19 and were likewise abundant in cadaveric lung tissues from these patients. COVID-19 secretions exhibited heterogeneous rheological behaviors, with thicker samples showing increased sensitivity to DNase and hyaluronidase treatment. In histologic sections from these same patients, we observed increased accumulation of HA and the hyaladherin versican but reduced tumor necrosis factor-stimulated gene-6 staining, consistent with the inflammatory nature of these secretions. Finally, we observed diminished type I interferon and enhanced inflammatory cytokines in these secretions. Overall, our studies indicated that increases in HA and DNA in COVID-19 respiratory secretion samples correlated with enhanced inflammatory burden and suggested that DNA and HA may be viable therapeutic targets in COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Kratochvil
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering and
| | - Gernot Kaber
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Sally Demirdjian
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Pamela C. Cai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | | | - Nadine Nagy
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Graham L. Barlow
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Medeea Popescu
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Mark R. Nicolls
- Department of Pulmonology, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine
| | | | | | | | - Samuel Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | | | - Harry Karmouty-Quintana
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology;,Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine
| | | | - Bihong Zhao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; and,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center — McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Maximilian L. Buja
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; and,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center — McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Pamela Y. Johnson
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Robert B. Vernon
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Thomas N. Wight
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Carlos E. Milla
- Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Department of Pediatrics
| | | | - Andrew J. Spakowitz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | | | - Paul L. Bollyky
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
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22
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Jiang Z, Cheng L, Wu Z, Zhou L, Wang H, Hong Q, Wu Q, Long Y, Huang Y, Xu G, Yao Y, Tang Z, Zhang Z, Yang L, Luo W, Yang J, Gong L, Liu P, Chen X, Cui S, Zhang Q, Li Y, Li P. Transforming primary human hepatocytes into hepatocellular carcinoma with genetically defined factors. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e54275. [PMID: 35437924 PMCID: PMC9171684 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202154275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development and progression has been hampered by the lack of in vivo models. We performed a genetic screen of 10 oncogenes and genetic mutations in Fah-ablated immunodeficient mice in which primary human hepatocytes (PHHs) are used to reconstitute a functional human liver. We identified that MYC, TP53R249S , and KRASG12D are highly expressed in induced HCC (iHCC) samples. The overexpression of MYC and TP53R249S transform PHHs into iHCC in situ, though the addition of KRASG12D significantly increases the tumorigenic efficiency. iHCC, which recapitulate the histological architecture and gene expression characteristics of clinical HCC samples, reconstituted HCC after serial transplantations. Transcriptomic analysis of iHCC and PHHs showed that MUC1 and FAP are expressed in iHCC but not in normal livers. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells against these two surface markers efficiently lyse iHCC cells. The properties of iHCC model provide a biological basis for several clinical hallmarks of HCC, and iHCC may serve as a model to study HCC initiation and to identify diagnostic biomarkers and targets for cellular immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwu Jiang
- China‐New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Regeneration and Biological Therapies, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China
| | - Lin Cheng
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory) Guangzhou China
| | - Zhiping Wu
- China‐New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Regeneration and Biological Therapies, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China
| | - Linfu Zhou
- China‐New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Regeneration and Biological Therapies, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China
| | - Haitao Wang
- Cancer Center Faculty of Health Sciences University of Macau Macau China
| | - Qilan Hong
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory) Guangzhou China
| | - Qiting Wu
- China‐New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Regeneration and Biological Therapies, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China
| | - Youguo Long
- China‐New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Regeneration and Biological Therapies, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China
| | - Yunlin Huang
- China‐New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Regeneration and Biological Therapies, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China
| | - Gaoqi Xu
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory) Guangzhou China
| | - Yao Yao
- China‐New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Regeneration and Biological Therapies, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China
| | | | - Zhenfeng Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Lili Yang
- Department of Nutrition Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food School of Public Health Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Wei Luo
- Clinical Research Institute The First People's Hospital of Foshan Foshan Guangdong China
| | - Jie Yang
- Guangdong Women and Children Hospital Panyu, Guangzhou China
| | - Likun Gong
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhang Jiang Hi‐Tech Park Shanghai China
| | - Pentao Liu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Stem Cell, and Regenerative Medicine Consortium Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
| | - Xinwen Chen
- China‐New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Regeneration and Biological Therapies, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China
| | - Shuzhong Cui
- Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Yinxiong Li
- China‐New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Regeneration and Biological Therapies, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China
| | - Peng Li
- China‐New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Regeneration and Biological Therapies, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory) Guangzhou China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation Chinese Academy of Sciences Hong Kong China
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23
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Kratochvil MJ, Kaber G, Demirdjian S, Cai PC, Burgener EB, Nagy N, Barlow GL, Popescu M, Nicolls MR, Ozawa MG, Regula DP, Pacheco-navarro AE, Yang S, de Jesus Perez VA, Karmouty-quintana H, Peters AM, Zhao B, Buja ML, Johnson PY, Vernon RB, Wight TN, Milla CE, Rogers AJ, Spakowitz AJ, Heilshorn SC, Bollyky PL, Stanford COVID-19 Biobank Study Group. Biochemical, Biophysical, and Immunological Characterization of Respiratory Secretions in Severe SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Infections.. [PMID: 35411348 PMCID: PMC8996635 DOI: 10.1101/2022.03.28.22272848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Thick, viscous respiratory secretions are a major pathogenic feature of COVID-19 disease, but the composition and physical properties of these secretions are poorly understood. We characterized the composition and rheological properties (i.e. resistance to flow) of respiratory secretions collected from intubated COVID-19 patients. We find the percent solids and protein content are greatly elevated in COVID-19 compared to heathy control samples and closely resemble levels seen in cystic fibrosis, a genetic disease known for thick, tenacious respiratory secretions. DNA and hyaluronan (HA) are major components of respiratory secretions in COVID-19 and are likewise abundant in cadaveric lung tissues from these patients. COVID-19 secretions exhibit heterogeneous rheological behaviors with thicker samples showing increased sensitivity to DNase and hyaluronidase treatment. In histologic sections from these same patients, we observe increased accumulation of HA and the hyaladherin versican but reduced tumor necrosis factor–stimulated gene-6 (TSG6) staining, consistent with the inflammatory nature of these secretions. Finally, we observed diminished type I interferon and enhanced inflammatory cytokines in these secretions. Overall, our studies indicate that increases in HA and DNA in COVID-19 respiratory secretion samples correlate with enhanced inflammatory burden and suggest that DNA and HA may be viable therapeutic targets in COVID-19 infection.
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24
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Zhang G, Liu X, Jian A, Zheng K, Wang H, Hao J, Zhi S, Zhang X. CHST4 might promote the malignancy of cholangiocarcinoma. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265069. [PMID: 35294478 PMCID: PMC8926211 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is reported as an aggressive cancer which leads to high mortality and no effective therapeutic target has yet been discovered. Surgical resection is the main method to treat patients with CCA. However, only one-third of CCA patients have the opportunity to accept the operation, leading to poor prognosis for CCA patients. Therefore, it is necessary to search for new therapeutic targets of CCA or core genes involved in the happening and growth of CCA. Aim In this study, we utilized bioinformatics technology and accessed to several medical databases trying to find the core genes of CCA for the purpose of intervening CCA through figuring out an effective curative target. Methods Firstly, three differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were discovered from GEPIA, and by further observing the distribution and gene expression, CHST4 was obtained as the core gene. Afterwards, correlated genes of CHST4 in CCA were identified using UALCAN to construct a gene expression profile. We obtained PPI network by Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Networks Genes (STRING) and screened core genes using cytoscape software. Functional enrichment analyses were carried out and the expression of CHST in human tissues and tumors was observed. Finally, a CCA model was established for qPCR and staining validation. Results Three differentially expressed genes (DEGs), CHST4, MBOAT4 and RP11-525K10.3, were obtained. All were more over-expressed in CCA samples than the normal, among which the change multiple and the gene expression difference of CHST4 was the most obvious. Therefore, CHST4 was selected as the core gene. We can see in our established protein–protein interaction (PPI) network that CHST4 had the highest degree of connectivity, demonstrating its close association with CCA. We found that genes were mainly enriched in CCs in the PPI networks genes which shows functional enrichment analysis results, including golgi lumen, extracellular space and extracellular region. CHST4 was found very specifically expressed in the bile duct and was significantly different from that in normal tissues. The overexpression of CHST4 was further verified in the established animal model of TAA-induced CCA in rats. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) demonstrated that CHST4 was significantly overexpressed in tumor tissues, verifying the role of CHST4 as the core gene of CCA. Conclusion CHST4 was increasingly expressed in CCA and CHST4 is worth being studied much further in the intervention of CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanran Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Department of Histology & Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xuyue Liu
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Department of Histology & Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Aiwen Jian
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Department of Histology & Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Kexin Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Department of Histology & Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Hao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Department of Histology & Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Sujuan Zhi
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Department of Histology & Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Department of Histology & Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- * E-mail:
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Wei PK, Gupta M, Tsai LL, Lee KS, Jaramillo AM, Smith MP, LeGout JD, Shenoy-Bhangle AS. Spectrum of MRI Features of Mucin-producing Neoplasms in the Abdomen and Pelvis. Radiographics 2022; 42:469-486. [PMID: 35061517 DOI: 10.1148/rg.210055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mucin-producing neoplasms in the abdomen and pelvis are a distinct entity, separate from simple fluid-containing neoplasms and loculated fluid collections. Mucin is a thick gelatinous substance and-owing to its high water content-has imaging features that can be mistaken for those of simple fluid-containing neoplasms with multiple imaging modalities. However, mucin-producing neoplasms arise from specific organs in the abdomen and pelvis, with unique imaging appearances, knowledge of which is important to guide accurate diagnosis and management. With its large field of view and high soft-tissue resolution, MRI has advantages over other imaging modalities in characterizing these neoplasms. The authors focus on the spectrum of MRI features of such mucin-producing neoplasms and illustrate how-despite a varied organ origin-some of these neoplasms share similar MRI and histopathologic features, thereby helping narrow the differential diagnosis. One common finding in these tumors is that the presence of internal complexity and solid enhancing components increases as the degree of malignant transformation increases. Lack of internal complexity generally indicates benignity. These tumors have a varied range of prognosis; for example, a low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm is indicative of a good prognosis, while a mucinous tumor of the rectum is known to manifest at an early age with aggressive behavior and poorer prognosis compared with its nonmucinous counterpart. Online supplemental material is available for this article. ©RSNA, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Kang Wei
- From the Departments of Radiology (P.K.W., L.L.T., K.S.L., M.P.S., A.S.S.B.) and Pathology (M.G.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass (A.M.J.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla (J.D.L.)
| | - Mamta Gupta
- From the Departments of Radiology (P.K.W., L.L.T., K.S.L., M.P.S., A.S.S.B.) and Pathology (M.G.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass (A.M.J.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla (J.D.L.)
| | - Leo L Tsai
- From the Departments of Radiology (P.K.W., L.L.T., K.S.L., M.P.S., A.S.S.B.) and Pathology (M.G.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass (A.M.J.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla (J.D.L.)
| | - Karen S Lee
- From the Departments of Radiology (P.K.W., L.L.T., K.S.L., M.P.S., A.S.S.B.) and Pathology (M.G.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass (A.M.J.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla (J.D.L.)
| | - Adrian M Jaramillo
- From the Departments of Radiology (P.K.W., L.L.T., K.S.L., M.P.S., A.S.S.B.) and Pathology (M.G.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass (A.M.J.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla (J.D.L.)
| | - Martin P Smith
- From the Departments of Radiology (P.K.W., L.L.T., K.S.L., M.P.S., A.S.S.B.) and Pathology (M.G.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass (A.M.J.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla (J.D.L.)
| | - Jordan D LeGout
- From the Departments of Radiology (P.K.W., L.L.T., K.S.L., M.P.S., A.S.S.B.) and Pathology (M.G.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass (A.M.J.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla (J.D.L.)
| | - Anuradha S Shenoy-Bhangle
- From the Departments of Radiology (P.K.W., L.L.T., K.S.L., M.P.S., A.S.S.B.) and Pathology (M.G.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass (A.M.J.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla (J.D.L.)
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Li R, Guo C, Lin X, Chan TF, Su M, Zhang Z, Lai KP. Integrative omics analysis reveals the protective role of vitamin C on perfluorooctanoic acid-induced hepatoxicity. J Adv Res 2022; 35:279-294. [PMID: 35024202 PMCID: PMC8721266 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2021.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a compound used as an industrial surfactant in chemical processes worldwide. Population and cross-sectional studies have demonstrated positive correlations between PFOA levels and human health problems. Objectives Many studies have focused on the hepatotoxicity and liver problems caused by PFOA, with little attention to remediation of these problems. As an antioxidant, vitamin C is frequently utilized as a supplement for hepatic detoxification. Methods In this study, we use a mouse model to study the possible role of vitamin C in reducing PFOA-induced liver damage. Based on comparative transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis, we elucidate the mechanisms underlying the protective effect of vitamin C. Results Our results show that vitamin C supplementation reduces signs of PFOA-induced liver damage including total cholesterol and triglyceride levels increase, liver damage markers aspartate, transaminase, and alanine aminotransferase elevation, and liver enlargement. Further, we show that the protective role of vitamin C is associated with signaling networks control, suppressing linoleic acid metabolism, reducing thiodiglycolic acid, and elevating glutathione in the liver. Conclusion The findings in this study demonstrate, for the first time, the utility of vitamin C for preventing PFOA-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Li
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, PR China
| | - Chao Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Guigang City People's Hospital, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guigang, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Xiao Lin
- School of Life Sciences, Hong Kong Bioinformatics Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Ting Fung Chan
- School of Life Sciences, Hong Kong Bioinformatics Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Min Su
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, PR China
| | | | - Keng Po Lai
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, PR China
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Kumar AR, Devan AR, Nair B, Nair RR, Nath LR. Biology, Significance and Immune Signaling of Mucin 1 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2022; 22:725-740. [PMID: 35301949 DOI: 10.2174/1568009622666220317090552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Mucin 1 (MUC 1) is a highly glycosylated tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This protein plays a critical role in various immune-mediated signaling pathways at its transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, leading to immune evasion and metastasis in HCC. HCC cells maintain an immune-suppressive environment with the help of immunesuppressive tumor-associated antigens, resulting in a metastatic spread of the disease. The development of intense immunotherapeutic strategies to target tumor-associated antigen is critical to overcoming the progression of HCC. MUC 1 remains the most recognized tumor-associated antigen since its discovery over 30 years ago. A few promising immunotherapies targeting MUC 1 are currently under clinical trials, including CAR-T and CAR-pNK-mediated therapies. This review highlights the biosynthesis, significance, and clinical implication of MUC 1 as an immune target in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayana R Kumar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi-682041, Kerala, India
| | - Aswathy R Devan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi-682041, Kerala, India
| | - Bhagyalakshmi Nair
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi-682041, Kerala, India
| | | | - Lekshmi R Nath
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi-682041, Kerala, India
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Elevated preoperative CA125 levels predicts poor prognosis of hilar cholangiocarcinoma receiving radical surgery. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2021; 45:101695. [PMID: 34147661 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2021.101695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preoperative serum carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) is used to judge the diagnosis and prognosis of various tumors. However, the relationship between preoperative serum CA125 and prognosis of hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCCA) has not been proven. This study aims to evaluate preoperative serum CA125 in predicting the prognosis of HCCA after resection. METHODS A total of 233 patients after radical resection of HCCA were included. The associations between the levels of preoperative serum CA125 and the clinicopathological characteristics of patients were analyzed. Survival curves were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were used to identify independent risk factors associated with recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS Among 233 patients, 198 (84.97%) with normal CA125 levels (≤35 U/mL) had better OS and RFS than 35 (15.02%) patients with higher CA125 levels (>35 U/mL). Preoperative serum CA125 was significantly correlated with tumor size, Bismuth-Corlette classification, microvascular invasion and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (p < 0.001, p = 0.040, p = 0.019 and p = 0.042, respectively). The results of multivariable Cox regression showed that preoperative serum CA125 >35 U/mL (p = 0.002, HR = 1.910 for OS; p = 0.006, HR = 1.755 for RFS), tumor classification (p < 0.001, HR = 2.110 for OS; p = 0.006, HR = 1.730 for RFS), lymph node metastasis (p < 0.001, HR = 1.795 for OS; p < 0.001, HR = 1.842 for RFS) and major vascular invasion (p = 0.002, HR = 1.639 for OS; p = 0.005, HR = 1.547 for RFS) were independent risk factors for both OS and RFS. CONCLUSIONS Preoperative serum CA125 is a good tumor marker for predicting prognosis after radical surgery for HCCA.
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Zhang Y, Liu Z, Li X, Liu L, Wang L, Han X, Li Z. Comprehensive Molecular Analyses of a Six-Gene Signature for Predicting Late Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:732447. [PMID: 34568069 PMCID: PMC8459683 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.732447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A larger number of patients with stages I-III hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) experience late recurrence (LR) after surgery. We sought to develop a novel tool to stratify patients with different LR risk for tailoring decision-making for postoperative recurrence surveillance and therapy modalities. We retrospectively enrolled two independent public cohorts and 103 HCC tissues. Using LASSO logical analysis, a six-gene model was developed in the The Cancer Genome Atlas liver hepatocellular carcinoma (TCGA-LIHC) and independently validated in GSE76427. Further experimental validation using qRT-PCR assays was performed to ensure the robustness and clinical feasible of this signature. We developed a novel LR-related signature consisting of six genes. This signature was validated to be significantly associated with dismal recurrence-free survival in three cohorts TCGA-LIHC, GSE76427, and qPCR assays [HR: 2.007 (1.200-3.357), p = 0.008; HR: 2.171 (1.068, 4.412), p-value = 0.032; HR: 3.383 (2.100, 5.450), p-value <0.001]. More importantly, this signature displayed robust discrimination in predicting the LR risk, with AUCs being 0.73 (TCGA-LIHC), 0.93 (GSE76427), and 0.85 (in-house cohort). Furthermore, we deciphered the specific landscape of molecular alterations among patients in nonrecurrence (NR) and LR group to analyze the mechanism contributing to LR. For high-risk group, we also identified several potential drugs with specific sensitivity to high- and low-risk groups, which is vital to improve prognosis of LR-HCC after surgery. We discovered and experimentally validated a novel gene signature with powerful performance for identifying patients at high LR risk in stages I-III HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyuan Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Interventional Institute of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Interventional Treatment and Clinical Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zaoqu Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Interventional Institute of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Interventional Treatment and Clinical Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Interventional Institute of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Interventional Treatment and Clinical Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Long Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Libo Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinwei Han
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Interventional Institute of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Interventional Treatment and Clinical Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Interventional Institute of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Interventional Treatment and Clinical Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
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Kim J, Choi H. The mucin protein MUCL1 regulates melanogenesis and melanoma genes in a manner dependent on threonine content. Br J Dermatol 2021; 186:532-543. [PMID: 34545566 PMCID: PMC9299140 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.20761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background The regulation of melanogenesis has been investigated as a long‐held aim for pharmaceutical manipulations with denotations for malignancy of melanoma. Mucins have a protective function in epithelial organs; however, in the most outer organ, the skin, the role of mucins has not been studied enough. Objectives Our initial hypothesis developed from the identification of correlations between pigmentation and expressions of skin mucins, particularly those existing in skin tissue. We aimed to investigate the action of mucins in human melanocytic cells. Materials and methods The expression of mucin proteins in human skin was investigated using microarray data from the Human Protein Atlas consortium (HPA) and the Genotype‐Tissue Expression consortium (GTEx) database. Mucin expression was measured at RNA and protein levels in melanoma cells. The findings were further validated and confirmed by analysis of independent experiments. Results We found that the several mucin proteins showed expression in human skin cells and among these, mucin‐like protein 1 (MUCL1) showed the highest expression and also clear negative correlation with melanogenesis in epidermal melanocytes. We confirmed the correlations between melanogenesis and MUCL1 by revealing negative correlations in melanocytes with different melanin production, resulting from increased composition of threonine, mucin‐conforming amino acid, and increased autophagy‐related forkhead‐box O signalling. Furthermore, threonine itself affects melanogenesis and metastatic activity in melanoma cells. Conclusions We identified a significant association between MUCL1 and threonine with melanogenesis and metastasis‐related genes in melanoma cells. Our results define a novel mechanism of mucin regulation, suggesting diagnostic and preventive roles of MUCL1 in cutaneous melanoma. Whatis already known about this topic? Despite considerable advances in radioactive therapeutics or chemotherapeutic approaches for the treatment of abnormal melanogenesis, there are still many caveats to delivery, effectiveness and safety, thus leaving a necessity for more immediate pharmaceutical targets. Mucins have protective and chemical barrier functions in epithelial organs; however, in the skin, mucin has scarce expression and is known only as a diagnostic aid in skin disorders such as mucinosis.
Whatdoes this study add? We provide detailed analysis demonstrating the potential of mucin‐like protein 1 (MUCL1), which showed negative correlations in melanocytes with different melanin production, resulting from increased composition of threonine and increased autophagy‐related forkhead‐box O signalling in epidermal melanocytes and melanoma cells. We established that through an alternative pathway for MUCL1 biosynthesis, threonine supplementation recovers MUCL1 levels in melanoma. Changes, brought on by the essential amino acid threonine, resulted in substantial modulations in melanogenesis and reduced metastasis‐related genes.
Whatis the translational message? This study demonstrates for the first time that the mucin protein of skin cells is compounded by distorted mucin homeostasis, with major effects on melanogenesis and metastasis‐related genes in melanoma. We anticipate that these novel findings will be of keen interest to the community of scientists and medical practitioners examining skin dysfunction.
Linked Comment: C. Casalou and D.J. Tobin. Br J Dermatol 2022; 186:388–389. Plain language summary available online
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kim
- Amorepacific R&D Center, 1920 Yonggu-daero, Giheung-gu, Gyeonggi-do, 17074, Korea
| | - H Choi
- Amorepacific R&D Center, 1920 Yonggu-daero, Giheung-gu, Gyeonggi-do, 17074, Korea
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Maier CF, Zhu L, Nanduri LK, Kühn D, Kochall S, Thepkaysone ML, William D, Grützmann K, Klink B, Betge J, Weitz J, Rahbari NN, Reißfelder C, Schölch S. Patient-Derived Organoids of Cholangiocarcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168675. [PMID: 34445380 PMCID: PMC8395494 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CC) is an aggressive malignancy with an inferior prognosis due to limited systemic treatment options. As preclinical models such as CC cell lines are extremely rare, this manuscript reports a protocol of cholangiocarcinoma patient-derived organoid culture as well as a protocol for the transition of 3D organoid lines to 2D cell lines. Tissue samples of non-cancer bile duct and cholangiocarcinoma were obtained during surgical resection. Organoid lines were generated following a standardized protocol. 2D cell lines were generated from established organoid lines following a novel protocol. Subcutaneous and orthotopic patient-derived xenografts were generated from CC organoid lines, histologically examined, and treated using standard CC protocols. Therapeutic responses of organoids and 2D cell lines were examined using standard CC agents. Next-generation exome and RNA sequencing was performed on primary tumors and CC organoid lines. Patient-derived organoids closely recapitulated the original features of the primary tumors on multiple levels. Treatment experiments demonstrated that patient-derived organoids of cholangiocarcinoma and organoid-derived xenografts can be used for the evaluation of novel treatments and may therefore be used in personalized oncology approaches. In summary, this study establishes cholangiocarcinoma organoids and organoid-derived cell lines, thus expanding translational research resources of cholangiocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Fabian Maier
- Junior Clinical Cooperation Unit Translational Surgical Oncology (A430), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.F.M.); (L.Z.)
- Department of Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (N.N.R.); (C.R.)
| | - Lei Zhu
- Junior Clinical Cooperation Unit Translational Surgical Oncology (A430), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.F.M.); (L.Z.)
- Department of Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (N.N.R.); (C.R.)
| | - Lahiri Kanth Nanduri
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (L.K.N.); (D.K.); (S.K.); (M.-L.T.); (J.W.)
| | - Daniel Kühn
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (L.K.N.); (D.K.); (S.K.); (M.-L.T.); (J.W.)
| | - Susan Kochall
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (L.K.N.); (D.K.); (S.K.); (M.-L.T.); (J.W.)
| | - May-Linn Thepkaysone
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (L.K.N.); (D.K.); (S.K.); (M.-L.T.); (J.W.)
| | - Doreen William
- Core Unit for Molecular Tumor Diagnostics (CMTD), National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Partner Site Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (D.W.); (K.G.); (B.K.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Konrad Grützmann
- Core Unit for Molecular Tumor Diagnostics (CMTD), National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Partner Site Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (D.W.); (K.G.); (B.K.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Barbara Klink
- Core Unit for Molecular Tumor Diagnostics (CMTD), National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Partner Site Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (D.W.); (K.G.); (B.K.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center of Genetics, Laboratoire National de Santé (LNS), 3555 Dudelange, Luxembourg
| | - Johannes Betge
- Junior Clinical Cooperation Unit Translational Gastrointestinal Oncology and Preclinical Models (B440), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jürgen Weitz
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (L.K.N.); (D.K.); (S.K.); (M.-L.T.); (J.W.)
| | - Nuh N. Rahbari
- Department of Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (N.N.R.); (C.R.)
| | - Christoph Reißfelder
- Department of Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (N.N.R.); (C.R.)
| | - Sebastian Schölch
- Junior Clinical Cooperation Unit Translational Surgical Oncology (A430), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.F.M.); (L.Z.)
- Department of Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (N.N.R.); (C.R.)
- Correspondence:
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Chen W, Zhang Z, Zhang S, Zhu P, Ko JKS, Yung KKL. MUC1: Structure, Function, and Clinic Application in Epithelial Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126567. [PMID: 34207342 PMCID: PMC8234110 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The transmembrane glycoprotein mucin 1 (MUC1) is a mucin family member that has different functions in normal and cancer cells. Owing to its structural and biochemical properties, MUC1 can act as a lubricant, moisturizer, and physical barrier in normal cells. However, in cancer cells, MUC1 often undergoes aberrant glycosylation and overexpression. It is involved in cancer invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and apoptosis by virtue of its participation in intracellular signaling processes and the regulation of related biomolecules. This review introduces the biological structure and different roles of MUC1 in normal and cancer cells and the regulatory mechanisms governing these roles. It also evaluates current research progress and the clinical applications of MUC1 in cancer therapy based on its characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Chen
- Division of Teaching and Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Zhu Zhang
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; (Z.Z.); (S.Z.); (P.Z.)
| | - Shiqing Zhang
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; (Z.Z.); (S.Z.); (P.Z.)
| | - Peili Zhu
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; (Z.Z.); (S.Z.); (P.Z.)
| | - Joshua Ka-Shun Ko
- Division of Teaching and Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China;
- Correspondence: (J.K.-S.K.); (K.K.-L.Y.); Tel.: +852-3411-2907 (J.K.-S.K.); +852-3411-7060 (K.K.-L.Y.); Fax: +852-3411-2461 (J.K.-S.K.); +852-3411-5995 (K.K.-L.Y.)
| | - Ken Kin-Lam Yung
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; (Z.Z.); (S.Z.); (P.Z.)
- Correspondence: (J.K.-S.K.); (K.K.-L.Y.); Tel.: +852-3411-2907 (J.K.-S.K.); +852-3411-7060 (K.K.-L.Y.); Fax: +852-3411-2461 (J.K.-S.K.); +852-3411-5995 (K.K.-L.Y.)
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33
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González L, Díaz ME, Miquet JG, Sotelo AI, Dominici FP. Growth Hormone Modulation of Hepatic Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Signaling. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2021; 32:403-414. [PMID: 33838976 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling has a central role in the regenerative response of the liver upon injury and is involved in cellular transformation linked to chronic damage. Hepatic EGFR expression, trafficking, and signaling are regulated by growth hormone (GH). Chronically elevated GH levels are associated with liver cancer development and progression in mice. Studies in different in vivo experimental models indicate that EGF and GH mutually crossregulate in a complex manner. Several factors, such as the extent of exposure to supraphysiological GH levels and the pattern of GH administration, are important variables to be considered in exploring the interplay between the two hormones in connection with the progression of hepatic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena González
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas (IQUIFIB), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - María E Díaz
- Universidad Nacional de Luján, CONICET, Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable (INEDES), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Johanna G Miquet
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas (IQUIFIB), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana I Sotelo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas (IQUIFIB), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fernando P Dominici
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas (IQUIFIB), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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34
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Mucin expression, epigenetic regulation and patient survival: A toolkit of prognostic biomarkers in epithelial cancers. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188538. [PMID: 33862149 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Twenty mucin genes have been identified and classified in two groups (encoding secreted and membrane-bound proteins). Secreted mucins participate in mucus formation by assembling a 3-dimensional network via oligomerization, whereas membrane-bound mucins are anchored to the outer membrane mediating extracellular interactions and cell signaling. Both groups have been associated with carcinogenesis progression in epithelial cancers, and are therefore considered as potential therapeutic targets. In the present review, we discuss the link between mucin expression patterns and patient survival and propose mucins as prognosis biomarkers of epithelial cancers (esophagus, gastric, pancreatic, colorectal, lung, breast or ovarian cancers). We also investigate the relationship between mucin expression and overall survival in the TCGA dataset. In particular, epigenetic mechanisms regulating mucin gene expression, such as aberrant DNA methylation and histone modification, are interesting as they are also associated with diagnosis or prognosis significance. Indeed, mucin hypomethylation has been shown to be associated with carcinogenesis progression and was linked to prognosis in colon cancer or pancreatic cancer patients. Finally we describe the relationship between mucin expression and non-coding RNAs that also may serve as biomarkers. Altogether the concomitant knowledge of specific mucin-pattern expression and epigenetic regulation could be translated as biomarkers with a better specificity/sensitivity performance in several epithelial cancers.
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35
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Li W, Wu H, Xu X, Zhang Y. Comprehensive analysis of genomic and immunological profiles in Chinese and Western hepatocellular carcinoma populations. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:11564-11594. [PMID: 33867349 PMCID: PMC8109067 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we explored the genomic and immune cell infiltration profiles among four distinct Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) types. This study included 100 patients (all tumors and adjacent liver tissues received WES sequencing) with HCC from the West China Hospital (WCH) and patients were divided into WCH-HBV-HCC group and WCH-NonHBV-HCC group. Additionally, this study included 106 HBV-related HCC (TCGA-HBV-HCC) and 69 alcoholic HCC (TCGA-Alcol-HCC) patients from the TCGA. We analyzed the high-frequency gene mutation, copy number variation (CNV), mutation spectrum, signatures and immune cell infiltration of these four groups. This study showed significant differences in gene mutation and CNV level among four HCC groups. Compared to genomic level, there is no significant difference between TCGA-HBV-HCC and TCGA-Alcol-HCC groups in fractions of tumor-infiltrating immune cells. According to the status of immune cell infiltration, patients were classified into immune-HIGH, immune-MIX and immune-LOW group, respectively. In the WCH-HBV-HCC and TCGA-HBV-HCC groups, more patients in the Immune-LOW group had TP53 mutation. Except for TP53, neither the other gene mutation nor tumor mutation burden was found to be associated with immune cell infiltration in the WCH-HBV-HCC, TCGA-HBV-HCC and TCGA-Alcol-HCC groups. In the CNV level, we found that samples with low immune infiltrate had higher number of deleted or amplified genes in the TCGA-HBV-HCC and TCGA-Alcol-HCC groups. We found comprehensive genomic heterogeneity among four HCC groups. The total gene CNV level, not the mutational burden of HCC, is associated with immune cell infiltration in HCC. TP53 mutation may injury the immune response of the HBV-related HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Plastic and Burns Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hong Wu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xuewen Xu
- Department of Plastic and Burns Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yange Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Burns Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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36
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Fu M, Sun Y, Kenry, Zhang M, Zhou H, Shen W, Hu Y, Zhu Q. A dual-rotator fluorescent probe for analyzing the viscosity of mitochondria and blood. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:3508-3511. [PMID: 33690772 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00519g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A novel mitochondria-targeting molecular rotator FD was designed to visualize changes in viscosity under hypoxic conditions in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, FD can be used to detect changes in the blood viscosity of liver cancer and liver cirrhosis patients, and also rehabilitation of liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manlin Fu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
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Abstract
Mucin 1 (MUC1) is a large, transmembrane mucin glycoprotein overexpressed in most adenocarcinomas and plays an important role in tumor progression. Regarding its cellular distribution, biochemical features, and function, tumor-related MUC1 varies from the MUC1 expressed in normal cells. Therefore, targeting MUC1 for cancer immunotherapy and imaging can exploit the difference between cancerous and normal cells. Radiopharmaceuticals have a potential use as carriers for the delivery of radionuclides to tumors for a diagnostic imaging and radiotherapy. Several radiolabeled targeting molecules like peptides, antibodies, and aptamers have been efficiently demonstrated in detecting and treating cancer by targeting MUC1. This review provides a brief overview of the current status of developments and applications of MUC1-targeted radiopharmaceuticals in cancer imaging and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Maleki
- Research Center of oils and fats, Food and Drug Administration, Kermanshah University of Medical sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Rezazadeh
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Kambiz Varmira
- Research Center of oils and fats, Food and Drug Administration, Kermanshah University of Medical sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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38
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Zhan Z, Jing Z, He B, Hosseini N, Westerhoff M, Choi EY, Garmire LX. Two-stage Cox-nnet: biologically interpretable neural-network model for prognosis prediction and its application in liver cancer survival using histopathology and transcriptomic data. NAR Genom Bioinform 2021; 3:lqab015. [PMID: 33778491 PMCID: PMC7985035 DOI: 10.1093/nargab/lqab015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological images are easily accessible data with the potential of prognostic biomarkers. Moreover, integration of heterogeneous data types from multi-modality, such as pathological image and gene expression data, is invaluable to help predicting cancer patient survival. However, the analytical challenges are significant. Here, we take the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) pathological image features extracted by CellProfiler, and apply them as the input for Cox-nnet, a neural network-based prognosis prediction model. We compare this model with the conventional Cox proportional hazards (Cox-PH) model, CoxBoost, Random Survival Forests and DeepSurv, using C-index and log-rank P-values. The results show that Cox-nnet is significantly more accurate than Cox-PH and Random Survival Forests models and comparable with CoxBoost and DeepSurv models, on pathological image features. Further, to integrate pathological image and gene expression data of the same patients, we innovatively construct a two-stage Cox-nnet model, and compare it with another complex neural-network model called PAGE-Net. The two-stage Cox-nnet complex model combining histopathology image and transcriptomic RNA-seq data achieves much better prognosis prediction, with a median C-index of 0.75 and log-rank P-value of 6e-7 in the testing datasets, compared to PAGE-Net (median C-index of 0.68 and log-rank P-value of 0.03). Imaging features present additional predictive information to gene expression features, as the combined model is more accurate than the model with gene expression alone (median C-index 0.70). Pathological image features are correlated with gene expression, as genes correlated to top imaging features present known associations with HCC patient survival and morphogenesis of liver tissue. This work proposes two-stage Cox-nnet, a new class of biologically relevant and interpretable models, to integrate multiple types of heterogenous data for survival prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhucheng Zhan
- School of Science and Engineering, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen Campus, Shenzhen 518172, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Jing
- Department of Applied Statistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| | - Bing He
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| | - Noshad Hosseini
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| | - Maria Westerhoff
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| | - Eun-Young Choi
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| | - Lana X Garmire
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
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39
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Lin B, Wang Q, Liu K, Dong X, Zhu M, Li M. Alpha-Fetoprotein Binding Mucin and Scavenger Receptors: An Available Bio-Target for Treating Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:625936. [PMID: 33718192 PMCID: PMC7947232 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.625936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) entrance into cancer cells is mediated by AFP receptors (AFPRs) and exerts malignant effects. Therefore, understanding the structure of AFPRs will facilitate the development of rational approaches for vaccine design, drug delivery, antagonizing immune suppression and diagnostic imaging to treat cancer effectively. Throughout the last three decades, the identification of universal receptors for AFP has failed due to their complex carbohydrate polymer structures. Here, we focused on the two types of binding proteins or receptors that may serve as AFPRs, namely, the A) mucin receptors family, and B) the scavenger family. We presented an informative review with detailed descriptions of the signal transduction, cross-talk, and interplay of various transcription factors which highlight the downstream events following AFP binding to mucin or scavenger receptors. We mainly explored the underlying mechanisms involved mucin or scavenger receptors that interact with AFP, provide more evidence to support these receptors as tumor AFPRs, and establish a theoretical basis for targeting therapy of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Lin
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Qiujiao Wang
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Xu Dong
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Mingyue Zhu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Mengsen Li
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China.,Institution of Tumor, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
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40
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Huo Q, Xu C, Shao Y, Yu Q, Huang L, Liu Y, Bao H. Free CA125 promotes ovarian cancer cell migration and tumor metastasis by binding Mesothelin to reduce DKK1 expression and activate the SGK3/FOXO3 pathway. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:574-588. [PMID: 33613114 PMCID: PMC7893585 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.52097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: CA125/MUC16 is an O-glycosylated protein that is expressed on the surfaces of ovarian epithelial cells. This molecule is a widely used tumor-associated marker for diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Recently, CA125 was shown to be involved in ovarian cancer metastasis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism of CA125 during ovarian cancer metastasis. Methods: We analyzed the Oncomine and CSIOVDB databases to determine the expression levels of DKK1 in ovarian cancer. DKK1 expression levels were upregulated or downregulated and applied with CA125 to Transwell and Western blot assays to ascertain the underlying mechanism by which CA125 stimulates cell migration via the SGK3/FOXO3 pathway. Anti-mesothelin antibodies (anti-MSLN) were used to block CA125 stimulation. Then the expression levels of DKK1were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to eliminate the blocking effect of anti-MSLN to CA125 stimulation. Xenograft mouse models were used to detect the effects of CA125 and anti-MSLN on ovarian cancer metastasis in vivo. Results: DKK1 levels were downregulated in ovarian tumor tissues according to the analyses of two databases and significantly correlated with FIGO stage, grade and disease-free survival in ovarian cancer patients. DKK1 levels were downregulated by CA125 stimulation in vitro. Overexpression of DKK1 reversed the ability of exogenous CA125 to mediate cell migration by activating the SGK3/FOXO3 signaling pathway. Anti-MSLN abrogated the DKK1 reduction and increased the apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells. The use of anti-MSLN in xenograft mouse models significantly reduced tumor growth and metastasis accelerated by CA125. Conclusions: These experiments revealed that the SGK3/FOXO3 pathway was activated, wherein decreased expression of DKK1 was caused by CA125, which fuels ovarian cancer cell migration. Mesothelin is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of ovarian cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyu Huo
- School of Medical Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300203, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Laboratory Science Department, Tianjin 4th Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300100, China
| | - Yanhong Shao
- School of Medical Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300203, China
| | - Qin Yu
- School of Medical Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300203, China
| | - Lunhui Huang
- School of Medical Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300203, China
| | - Yunde Liu
- School of Medical Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300203, China
| | - Huijing Bao
- Integrative Medical Diagnosis Laboratory, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, 300100, China; School of Medical Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300203, China
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41
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Sirica AE, Strazzabosco M, Cadamuro M. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: Morpho-molecular pathology, tumor reactive microenvironment, and malignant progression. Adv Cancer Res 2020; 149:321-387. [PMID: 33579427 PMCID: PMC8800451 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2020.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is a relatively rare, but highly lethal and biologically complex primary biliary epithelial cancer arising within liver. After hepatocellular carcinoma, iCCA is the second most common primary liver cancer, accounting for approximately 10-20% of all primary hepatic malignancies. Over the last 10-20 years, iCCA has become the focus of increasing concern largely due to its rising incidence and high mortality rates in various parts of the world, including the United States. The challenges posed by iCCA are daunting and despite recent progress in the standard of care and management options for iCCA, the prognosis for this cancer continues to be dismal. In an effort to provide a framework for advancing our understanding of iCCA malignant aggressiveness and therapy resistance, this review will highlight key etiological, biological, molecular, and microenvironmental factors hindering more effective management of this hepatobiliary cancer. Particular focus will be on critically reviewing the cell origins and morpho-molecular heterogeneity of iCCAs, providing mechanistic insights into high risk fibroinflammatory cholangiopathies associated with iCCA development, and notably discussing the deleterious role played by the tumor reactive desmoplastic stroma in regulating iCCA malignant progression, lymphangiogenesis, and tumor immunobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alphonse E Sirica
- Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States.
| | - Mario Strazzabosco
- Liver Center and Section of Digestive Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
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42
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FitzGerald FG, Rodriguez Benavente MC, Garcia C, Rivero Y, Singh Y, Wang H, Fields GB, Cudic M. TF-containing MUC1 glycopeptides fail to entice Galectin-1 recognition of tumor-associated Thomsen-Freidenreich (TF) antigen (CD176) in solution. Glycoconj J 2020; 37:657-666. [PMID: 33001366 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-020-09951-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant Mucin-1 (MUC1) glycosylation with the Thomsen-Friedenreich (TF) tumor-associated antigen (CD176) is a hallmark of epithelial carcinoma progression and poor patient prognosis. Recognition of TF by glycan-binding proteins, such as galectins, enables the pathological repercussions of this glycan presentation, yet the underlying binding specificities of different members of the galectin family is a matter of continual investigation. While Galectin-3 (Gal-3) recognition of TF has been well-documented at both the cellular and molecular level, Galectin-1 (Gal-1) recognition of TF has only truly been alluded to in cell-based platforms. Immunohistochemical analyses have purported Gal-1 binding to TF on MUC1 at the cell surface, however binding at the molecular level was inconclusive. We hypothesize that glycan scaffold (MUC1's tandem repeat peptide sequence) and/or multivalency play a role in the binding recognition of TF antigen by Gal-1. In this study we have developed a method for large-scale expression of Gal-1 and its histidine-tagged analog for use in binding studies by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and development of an analytical method based on AlphaScreen technology to screen for Gal-1 inhibitors. Surprisingly, neither glycan scaffold or multivalent presentation of TF antigen on the scaffold was able to entice Gal-1 recognition to the level of affinity expected for functional significance. Future evaluations of the Gal-1/TF binding interaction in order to draw connections between immunohistochemical data and analytical measurements are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forrest G FitzGerald
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Maria C Rodriguez Benavente
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 120 E Green St, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Camelia Garcia
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
| | - Yaima Rivero
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
| | - YashoNandini Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
| | - Hongjie Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Gregg B Fields
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, FL, USA.,Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute/Scripps Florida, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Maré Cudic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA.
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43
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Visseren T, Fuhler GM, Erler NS, Nossent YRA, Metselaar HJ, IJzermans JNM, Darwish Murad S, Peppelenbosch MP. Recurrence of primary sclerosing cholangitis after liver transplantation is associated with specific changes in the gut microbiome pretransplant - a pilot study. Transpl Int 2020; 33:1424-1436. [PMID: 33617049 PMCID: PMC7689804 DOI: 10.1111/tri.13692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a common indication for liver transplantation (LT). Up to 25% of patients experience recurrence of PSC (rPSC) after LT, which is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. To date, it is not possible to predict which patients are at risk for rPSC. The aetiology of PSC is complex and is speculated to involve translocation of intestinal bacteria to the liver, because of its frequent co‐occurrence with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Here, we investigate whether the mucosal intestinal microbiome of PSC patients (n = 97) at time of first LT can identify those patients who will develop rPSC. 16S gene sequencing of bacterial DNA isolated from formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded biopsies showed that PSC patients with Crohn’s disease (n = 15) have a reduced microbial diversity and that inflammation of the mucosa is associated with beta‐diversity changes and feature differences. No differences in alpha‐ or beta diversity were observed between patients with rPSC (n = 14) and without rPSC (n = 83). However, many over‐represented bacterial features were detected in patients with rPSC, while surprisingly, those without recurrence of disease were characterized by an increased presence of the Gammaproteobacteria Shigella. This pilot study warrants further investigation into bacterial differences between rPSC and non‐rPSC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thijmen Visseren
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gwenny Manel Fuhler
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole Stephanie Erler
- Department of Biostatistics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yoena Roos Anna Nossent
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Herold Johnny Metselaar
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Sarwa Darwish Murad
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maikel Petrus Peppelenbosch
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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44
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Laohawetwanit T, Klaikaew N. Pathological aspects of mucinous cholangiocarcinoma: A single-center experience and systematic review. Pathol Int 2020; 70:661-670. [PMID: 32638458 DOI: 10.1111/pin.12983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma is a malignant neoplasm originating from the biliary epithelium. Its incidence is highest in Southeast Asia, especially in Thailand. Mucinous intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (mucinous iCCA), characterized by an abundant extracellular mucin pool accounting for at least 50% of total tumor volume, is an extremely rare variant of such malignancy and is notorious for rapid progression and dismal prognosis. We conducted an 11-year retrospective analysis of resected mucinous iCCAs from our institution with a systematic review on mucinous iCCAs and combined hepatocellular-mucinous cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-mCCA). There were four resected mucinous iCCA specimens at our institution (prevalence = 0.5%). Most of the patients were male. The clinicopathological characteristics were variable. The diagnosis of mucinous iCCAs could not be rendered without pathological evaluation. Either intraductal papillary neoplasm or biliary intraepithelial neoplasia was present in three out of four cases. One patient passed away at 11 months following liver resection. A total of 19 mucinous iCCAs and four cHCC-mCCAs from previously published literature were analyzed. The 1-year mortality rate of mucinous iCCAs from our series and published literature is 35%. The present study confirmed that mucinous iCCA is an exceedingly uncommon variant of iCCA. The differential diagnoses include metastatic carcinoma with mucinous component and cHCC-mCCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiyaphat Laohawetwanit
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Naruemon Klaikaew
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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45
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Zhang S, Zhang W, Xiao Y, Qin T, Yue Y, Qian W, Shen X, Ma Q, Wang Z. Targeting MUC15 Protein in Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2020; 20:647-653. [PMID: 32479243 DOI: 10.2174/1568009620666200601140639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
MUC15, a member of the mucin family, is a heavily glycosylated transmembrane protein with the primary functions of lubricating surfaces, establishing a selective molecular barrier at the epithelium and mediating signal transduction. Aberrant expression of MUC15 plays a crucial role in the progression of multiple diseases, including malignant tumors. MUC15 has been identified as a tumor suppressor, but current evidence indicate its function as an oncogene in different types of cancers. MUC15 has been shown to be involved in the development of cancer and influence cellular growth, adhesion, invasion, metastasis and immune immunomodulation. However, the precise role of MUC15 in tumour development has not been thoroughly clarified. Here, we systematically summarize the structure and function of MUC15 in cancer, and discuss its potential role in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simei Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Wunai Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Tao Qin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yangyang Yue
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Weikun Qian
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xin Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Qingyong Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
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DNA and RNA sequencing identified a novel oncogene VPS35 in liver hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncogene 2020; 39:3229-3244. [PMID: 32071398 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1215-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) is the second leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Although cancer driver genes identified so far have been considered to be saturated or nearly saturated, challenges remain in discovering novel genes underlying carcinogenesis due to significant tumor heterogeneity. Here, in a small cohort of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated LIHC, we investigated the transcriptional patterns of tumor-mutated alleles using both whole-exome and RNA sequencing data. A graph clustering of the transcribed tumor-mutated alleles characterized overlapped functional clusters, and thus prioritized potentially novel oncogenes. We validated the function of the potentially novel oncogenes in vitro and in vivo. We showed that a component of the retromer complex-the vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 35 (VPS35)-promoted the proliferation of hepatoma cell through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. In VPS35-knockout hepatoma cells, a significantly reduced distribution of membrane fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) demonstrated the effects of VPS35 on sorting and trafficking of transmembrane receptor. This study provides insight into the roles of the retromer complex on carcinogenesis and has important implications for the development of personalized therapeutic strategies for LIHC.
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Chen J, Wang L, Wang F, Liu J, Bai Z. Genomic Identification of RNA Editing Through Integrating Omics Datasets and the Clinical Relevance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:37. [PMID: 32117713 PMCID: PMC7033493 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA editing is a widespread post-transcriptional mechanism to introduce single nucleotide changes to RNA in human cancers. Here, we characterized the global RNA editing profiles of 373 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and 50 adjacent normal liver samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and revealed that most editing events tend to occur in minor percentage of samples with moderate editing degrees (20–30%). Moreover, these RNA editing prefer to be A-to-I RNA editing in protein coding genes, especially in 3′UTR regions. Considering the association between DNA mutation and RNA editing, our analysis found that RNA editing maybe a complementary event for DNA mutation of HCC risk genes in HCC patients. We next identified 454 HCC-related editing sites, and many locate on the same genes with the same editing patterns. The functional consequences of editing revealed 2,086 functional editing sites and demonstrated that most editing in coding regions are non-synonymous variations. Furthermore, our results showed that editing in the 3′UTR regions tend to influence miRNA–target binding, and the editing degree seems to be negatively correlated with gene expression. Finally, we found that 46 HCC-related editing sites with consequence are able to distinguish the prognosis differences of HCC patients, suggesting their clinical relevance. Together, our results highlight RNA editing as a valuable molecular resource for investigating HCC mechanisms and clinical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Fangbin Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Jian Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.,Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Zhenyu Bai
- Department of Laboratory, General Hospital of Pingmei Shenma Medical Group, Pingdingshan, China
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Mei Z, Zhang K, Lam AKY, Huang J, Qiu F, Qiao B, Zhang Y. MUC1 as a target for CAR-T therapy in head and neck squamous cell carinoma. Cancer Med 2019; 9:640-652. [PMID: 31800160 PMCID: PMC6970025 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The modification of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) endowing T cells with tumor‐specific cytotoxicity induces antitumor immunity. However, the structural characteristics of solid tumors, the loss of specific antigens, and the strong immunosuppressive environment are challenges to treat solid tumors with CAR‐T therapy. The purpose of our study was to find and verify the potentials of CAR‐T therapies for patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). First, we selected MUC1 as our research target and verified its differential expression in cancer tissues and adjacent non‐neoplastic tissues (ANNT). Next, we constructed a second‐generation CAR and validated the cytotoxic function in vitro. In our study, we found that exogenous addition human IL22 recombinant protein could increase the MUC1 expression and enhance the function of T cells. In addition, we constructed a fourth‐generation CAR that secretes IL22. Finally, we verified the antitumor function of two different CAR‐T cells in vitro and in vivo, respectively. CAR‐MUC1‐IL22 T cells were found to have a stronger and more effective cytotoxic function against MUC1 + HNSCC cells. Taken together, these results demonstrate the potential effectiveness of CAR‐T in the treatment of patients with HNSCC and provide evidence‐based of MUC1 + CAR‐T therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Mei
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Alfred King-Yin Lam
- Cancer Molecular Pathology and Griffith Medical School, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Junwen Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Feng Qiu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bin Qiao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Pinzón Martín S, Seeberger PH, Varón Silva D. Mucins and Pathogenic Mucin-Like Molecules Are Immunomodulators During Infection and Targets for Diagnostics and Vaccines. Front Chem 2019; 7:710. [PMID: 31696111 PMCID: PMC6817596 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucins and mucin-like molecules are highly O-glycosylated proteins present on the cell surface of mammals and other organisms. These glycoproteins are highly diverse in the apoprotein and glycan cores and play a central role in many biological processes and diseases. Mucins are the most abundant macromolecules in mucus and are responsible for its biochemical and biophysical properties. Mucin-like molecules cover various protozoan parasites, fungi and viruses. In humans, modifications in mucin glycosylation are associated with tumors in epithelial tissue. These modifications allow the distinction between normal and abnormal cell conditions and represent important targets for vaccine development against some cancers. Mucins and mucin-like molecules derived from pathogens are potential diagnostic markers and targets for therapeutic agents. In this review, we summarize the distribution, structure, role as immunomodulators, and the correlation of human mucins with diseases and perform a comparative analysis of mucins with mucin-like molecules present in human pathogens. Furthermore, we review the methods to produce pathogenic and human mucins using chemical synthesis and expression systems. Finally, we present applications of mucin-like molecules in diagnosis and prevention of relevant human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Pinzón Martín
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany.,Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter H Seeberger
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany.,Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Varón Silva
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany.,Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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50
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Gao T, Du T, Hu X, Dong X, Li L, Wang Y, Liu J, Liu L, Gu T, Wen T. Cosmc overexpression enhances malignancies in human colon cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 24:362-370. [PMID: 31633299 PMCID: PMC6933370 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cosmc is known as a T‐synthase‐specific molecular chaperone that plays a crucial role in the process of O‐glycosylation. Cosmc dysfunction leads to inactive T‐synthase and results in aberrant O‐glycosylation, which is associated with various tumour malignancies. However, it is unclear whether Cosmc has some other functions beyond its involvement in O‐glycosylation. In this study, we aimed to investigate the functional role of Cosmc in human colorectal cancer (CRC). We first assessed the expression levels of Cosmc in human CRC specimens and then forcedly expressed Cosmc in human CRC cell lines (HCT116, SW480) to examine its impact on cellular behaviours. The mechanisms for aberrant expression of Cosmc in CRC tissues and the altered behaviours of tumour cells were explored. It showed that the mRNA and protein levels of Cosmc were markedly elevated in human CRC specimens relative to normal colorectal tissues. The occurrence of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress may largely contribute to the increased Cosmc expression in cancer tissue and cells. Cosmc overexpression in CRC cells significantly promoted cell migration and invasion, which could be attributed to the activation of the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway rather than aberrant O‐glycosylation. These data indicate that Cosmc expression was elevated in human CRC possibly caused by ER stress, which further enhanced malignancies through the activation of EMT but independently of aberrant O‐glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianbo Gao
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tan Du
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Hu
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xichen Dong
- Medical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lina Li
- Medical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yakun Wang
- Medical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lijie Liu
- Department of Oncology, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Tao Gu
- Department of Oncology, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Tao Wen
- Medical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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