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Lin Y, Lin L, Yang Y, Li M, Jiang X, Fu T, Long Y, Guo Q, He H, Chen Z, Du L, Liao G, Liao B, Huang J. DNA Methylation Architecture Provides Insight into the Pathogenesis of Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2023; 21:32-42. [PMID: 36376170 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2022.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Numerous studies suggested methylation modifications play an important role in upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC), but few have depicted DNA methylation architecture on the pathological process of UTUC. We aimed to better understand the pathogenesis of UTUC and provide precision medicine references when managing UTUC patients. METHODS PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Scopus were searched for UTUC until December 31, 2020. Methodological quality assessment was conducted according to NIH recommendations. Meta-analysis was conducted to assess the prognostic effect of methylated genes. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were performed to validate methylated genes and cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) sites. RESULTS Eleven studies (3619 patients) were eligible to investigate 12 methylated genes and 10 CpGs. The quality of all the studies was fair to good. Meta-analysis found the pooled effect of eligible methylated genes had a low risk of tumor recurrence (HR = 0·67; 95% CI: 0·51-0·87; P = ·003), but a high risk of tumor progression (HR = 1·60; 95% CI: 1·17-2·18; P = ·003) and cancer-specific mortality (HR = 1·35; 95% CI: 1·06-1·72; P = ·01). For individual methylation status of GDF15, HSPA2, RASSF1A, TMEFF2, and VIM, the pooled effect of each gene was found pleiotropic on both diagnosis and prognosis. Survival analysis suggested higher methylation of SPARCL1 had a better disease-specific survival (P = ·048). CONCLUSION We combined meta-analysis and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis using the most updated evidence on the methylation of UTUC. Candidate biomarkers with essential diagnosis and prognosis function might provide precision medicine references for personalized therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Lin
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Ling Lin
- Medical Device Regulatory Research and Evaluation Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yong Yang
- Medical Device Regulatory Research and Evaluation Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Mei Li
- Medical Equipment Innovation Research Center, West China School of Medicine, Med+X Center for Manufacturing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R.China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Medical Equipment Innovation Research Center, West China School of Medicine, Med+X Center for Manufacturing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R.China
| | - Tingting Fu
- Medical Device Regulatory Research and Evaluation Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China; Medical Device Regulatory Research and Evaluation Center, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education,College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R.China
| | - Youlin Long
- Medical Device Regulatory Research and Evaluation Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China; Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Qiong Guo
- Medical Device Regulatory Research and Evaluation Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - He He
- Department of laboratory medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Zhenglong Chen
- Medical Device Regulatory Research and Evaluation Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Liang Du
- Medical Device Regulatory Research and Evaluation Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Ga Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Banghua Liao
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.
| | - Jin Huang
- Medical Device Regulatory Research and Evaluation Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China; Medical Equipment Innovation Research Center, West China School of Medicine, Med+X Center for Manufacturing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R.China.
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2
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Genetic Interference of FGFR3 Impedes Invasion of Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma Cells by Alleviating RAS/MAPK Signal Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021776. [PMID: 36675289 PMCID: PMC9863353 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Upper tract urothelial cancer (UTUC) is a less common disease in Western countries but has a high level of prevalence in Asian populations. Compared to bladder cancer, unique etiologic and genomic factors are involved in UTUC. Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) up-regulation has been proposed as a promising target for bladder cancer therapy. In this study, we aimed to profile the expression of FGFR3 in Asian and Caucasian UTUC tissues and to evaluate the in vitro therapeutic efficacy of small interference RNA (siRNA)-mediated FGFR3 silencing in UTUC treatment. The FGFR3 expression levels in renal pelvis tissues and microarray sections from Asian and Caucasian patients with UTUC, respectively, were measured via immunohistochemistry. The BFTC-909 and UM-UC-14 UTUC cell lines were used to examine the effects of FGFR3 silencing on proliferation, migration, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker expression, and signaling machinery. FGFR3 expression increased as the TNM stage increased in both Asian and Caucasian UTUC tumors, and no statistical difference was identified between the two groups. In vitro studies demonstrated that FGFR3 siRNA delivery significantly inhibited proliferation and migration and suppressed the expression of EMT markers and transcription factors in UTUC cells. Mechanistically, FGFR3 silencing alleviated the constitutive expression of RAS and the phosphorylation of MAPK signaling mediators, including ERK1/2 and JNK1/2. FGFR3 silencing elicited an apoptosis-inducing effect similar to that of FGFR inhibition. Conclusion: siRNA-targeted FGFR3 expression may impede the expansion and invasion of UTUC cells by alleviating the RAS/MAPK signaling pathway. The genetic interference of FGFR3 expression via siRNA in UTUC cells may constitute a useful therapeutic strategy.
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Chung YH, Cheng YT, Kao YH, Tsai WC, Huang GK, Chen YT, Shen YC, Tai MH, Chiang PH. MiR-26a-5p as a useful therapeutic target for upper tract urothelial carcinoma by regulating WNT5A/β-catenin signaling. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6955. [PMID: 35484165 PMCID: PMC9050734 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08091-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of miRNAs in cancer and their possible function as therapeutic agents are interesting and needed further investigation. The miR-26a-5p had been demonstrated as a tumor suppressor in various cancers. However, the importance of miR-26a-5p regulation in upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) remains unclear. Here, we aimed to explore the miR-26a-5p expression in UTUC tissues and to identify its regulatory targets and signal network involved in UTUC tumorigenesis. The miR-26a-5p expression was validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) using renal pelvis tissue samples from 22 patients who were diagnosed with UTUC and 64 cases of renal pelvis tissue microarray using in situ hybridization staining. BFTC-909 UTUC cells were used to examine the effects of miR-26a-5p genetic delivery on proliferation, migration and expression of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers. MiR-26a-5p was significantly down-regulated in UTUC tumors compared to adjacent normal tissue and was decreased with histological grades. Moreover, restoration of miR-26a-5p showed inhibition effects on proliferation and migration of BFTC-909 cells. In addition, miR-26a-5p delivery regulated the EMT marker expression and inhibited WNT5A/β-catenin signaling and expression of downstream molecules including NF-κB and MMP-9 in BFTC-909 cells. This study demonstrated that miR-26a-5p restoration may reverse EMT process and regulate WNT5A/β-catenin signaling in UTUC cells. Further studies warranted to explore the potential roles in biomarkers for diagnostics and prognosis, as well as novel therapeutics targets for UTUC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Hua Chung
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yuan-Tso Cheng
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ying-Hsien Kao
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wan-Chi Tsai
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Gong-Kai Huang
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yen-Ta Chen
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yuan-Chi Shen
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Hong Tai
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Po-Hui Chiang
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan, ROC.
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DNA Hypomethylation Is Associated with the Overexpression of INHBA in Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042072. [PMID: 35216189 PMCID: PMC8877459 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Urothelial carcinoma includes upper urinary tract cancer (UTUC) and bladder cancer. Although nephroureterectomy is the standard treatment for UTUC, the recurrence rate is approximately half and the tumor is associated with poor prognoses. Metastases are the most devastating and lethal clinical situation in urothelial carcinoma. Despite its clinical importance, few potential diagnostic biomarkers are suitable for early UC detection. We compared high-stage/high-grade urothelial carcinoma tissues to adjacent normal urothelial tissues using methyl-CpG binding domain protein capture for genome-wide DNA methylation analysis. Based on our findings, inhibin βA (INHBA) might be associated with carcinogenesis and metastasis. Further, clinical UC specimens had significant INHBA hypomethylation based on pyrosequencing. INHBA was detected by real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry staining, and was found to be highly expressed in clinical tissues and cell lines of urothelial carcinoma. Further, INHBA depletion was found to significantly reduce BFTC-909 cell growth and migration by INHBA-specific small interfering RNA. Interestingly, a positive correlation was found between SMAD binding and extracellular structure organization with INHBA using gene set enrichment analysis and gene ontology analysis. Together, these results are the first evidence of INHBA promoter hypomethylation and INHBA overexpression in UTUC. INHBA may affect urothelial carcinoma migration by reorganizing the extracellular matrix through the SMAD pathway.
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5
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Luo HL, Liu HY, Chang YL, Su YL, Huang CC, Lin XJ, Chuang YC. Extracorporeal Shock Wave Enhances the Cisplatin Efficacy by Improving Tissue Infiltration and Cellular Uptake in an Upper Urinary Tract Cancer Animal and Human-Derived Organoid Model. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13184558. [PMID: 34572785 PMCID: PMC8471724 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13184558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is a relatively rare cancer with a poor prognosis if diagnosed at an advanced stage. Although cisplatin-based chemotherapy is a common treatment strategy, it has a limited response rate. Shock wave lithotripsy is a common treatment for upper urinary tract stones. Low-energy shock waves (LESWs) temporarily increase tissue permeability and enhance drug penetration to the targeted tissue. However, no study has investigated the efficacy of the combination of shock wave lithotripsy and chemotherapy in UTUC. Hence, in this study, we aimed to identify the potential application of the combination of LESW and chemotherapy in UTUC. We evaluated the synergistic effects of LESW and cisplatin in vitro, in vivo, and in patient-derived organoid (PDO) models. Compared with cisplatin alone, the combination treatment caused more significant tumour suppression in vitro and in animal models, without increased toxicity. Histological examination showed that compared with animals treated with cisplatin alone, those who received the combination treatment showed more deteriorated cell arrangement and cell oedema. Moreover, LESW improved the cytotoxicity of cisplatin in the preclinical PDO model of UTUC. Thus, LESW combined with cisplatin is a potential new antitumour strategy for improving the treatment response in locally advanced UTUC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Lun Luo
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (H.-L.L.); (H.-Y.L.); (Y.-L.C.); (X.-J.L.)
- Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ying Liu
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (H.-L.L.); (H.-Y.L.); (Y.-L.C.); (X.-J.L.)
| | - Yin-Lun Chang
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (H.-L.L.); (H.-Y.L.); (Y.-L.C.); (X.-J.L.)
| | - Yu-Li Su
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan;
| | - Chun-Chieh Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan;
| | - Xin-Jie Lin
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (H.-L.L.); (H.-Y.L.); (Y.-L.C.); (X.-J.L.)
- Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chi Chuang
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (H.-L.L.); (H.-Y.L.); (Y.-L.C.); (X.-J.L.)
- Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-7317123 (ext. 8094); Fax: +886-7-7354309
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6
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Hu H, Wu D, Liu X, Yu H, Xu J, Cai W, Huang Y, Bai R, Zhang J, Gu Y, Zheng S, Ge W. SPARCL1 exhibits different expressions in left- and right-sided colon cancer and is downregulated via DNA methylation. Epigenomics 2021; 13:1269-1282. [PMID: 34435512 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2021-0231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The authors previously found that SPARCL1 functions to suppress colorectal cancer metastasis. Here, the epigenetic mechanism of SPARCL1 regulation and its relationship with clinicopathological features in colon cancer were investigated. Materials & methods: SPARCL1 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry staining in a tissue array containing 271 left-sided colon cancer samples and 257 right-sided colon cancer samples. In vivo and in vitro DNA methylation states were measured by biochemical sulfide potential assay. The transcription and DNA methylation states in cells were altered by siRNA or decitabine treatment, respectively. Cellular motility properties were compared through transwell assay. Results & conclusion: SPARCL1, mediated by its DNA methylation, may arrest colorectal carcinoma motility. Furthermore, SPARCL1 expression is higher and may have a specific prognostic value in left-sided colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanguang Hu
- Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention & Intervention, China National Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences; the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China.,Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Dehao Wu
- Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention & Intervention, China National Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences; the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xibo Liu
- Department of Pathology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, No. 568, Zhongxing North Road, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Haifeng Yu
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang Province, China.,Department of Lymphatic Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, 310005, Zhejiang Province, China.,Institute of Cancer & Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Junxi Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wen Cai
- Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention & Intervention, China National Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences; the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yanqin Huang
- Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention & Intervention, China National Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences; the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Rui Bai
- Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention & Intervention, China National Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences; the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention & Intervention, China National Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences; the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ying Gu
- Institute of genetics, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus of Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road No.388, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shu Zheng
- Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention & Intervention, China National Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences; the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Weiting Ge
- Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention & Intervention, China National Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences; the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China.,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
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7
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Luo HL, Liu HY, Chang YL, Sung MT, Chen PY, Su YL, Huang CC, Peng JM. Hypomethylated RRBP1 Potentiates Tumor Malignancy and Chemoresistance in Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168761. [PMID: 34445467 PMCID: PMC8395942 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribosome-binding protein 1 (RRBP1) is a potential oncogene in several cancer types. However, the correlation between RRBP1 expression and the prognosis of patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) remains unclear. In this study, we identified that RRBP1 is associated with carcinogenesis and metastasis in UTUC using a methylation profiling microarray. High correlations between RRBP1 and cancer stages, nodal metastasis status, molecular subtypes, and prognosis in bladder urothelial cancer (BLCA) were found. Aberrant DNA methylation in the gene body region of RRBP1 was determined in UTUC tissues by methylation-specific PCR. RRBP1 expression was significantly increased in UTUC tissues and cell lines, as determined by real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. RRBP1 depletion significantly reduced BFTC909 cell growth induced by specific shRNA. On the other hand, molecular subtype analysis showed that the expression of RRBP1 was associated with genes related to cell proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and basal markers. A patient-derived organoid model was established to analyze patients' responses to different drugs. The expression of RRBP1 was related to chemoresistance. Taken together, these results provide the first evidence that RRBP1 gene body hypomethylation predicts RRBP1 high expression in UTUC. The data highlight the importance of RRBP1 in UTUC malignancy and chemotherapeutic tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Lun Luo
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (H.-L.L.); (H.-Y.L.); (Y.-L.C.); (P.-Y.C.)
| | - Hui-Ying Liu
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (H.-L.L.); (H.-Y.L.); (Y.-L.C.); (P.-Y.C.)
| | - Yin-Lun Chang
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (H.-L.L.); (H.-Y.L.); (Y.-L.C.); (P.-Y.C.)
| | - Ming-Tse Sung
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan;
| | - Po-Yen Chen
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (H.-L.L.); (H.-Y.L.); (Y.-L.C.); (P.-Y.C.)
| | - Yu-Li Su
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan;
| | - Chun-Chieh Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan;
| | - Jei-Ming Peng
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-7317123-8597
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Sreekanth V, Kar A, Kumar S, Pal S, Yadav P, Sharma Y, Komalla V, Sharma H, Shyam R, Sharma RD, Mukhopadhyay A, Sengupta S, Dasgupta U, Bajaj A. Bile Acid Tethered Docetaxel-Based Nanomicelles Mitigate Tumor Progression through Epigenetic Changes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:5394-5399. [PMID: 33258265 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202015173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we describe the engineering of sub-100 nm nanomicelles (DTX-PC NMs) derived from phosphocholine derivative of docetaxel (DTX)-conjugated lithocholic acid (DTX-PC) and poly(ethylene glycol)-tethered lithocholic acid. Administration of DTX-PC NMs decelerate tumor progression and increase the mice survivability compared to Taxotere (DTX-TS), the FDA-approved formulation of DTX. Unlike DTX-TS, DTX-PC NMs do not cause any systemic toxicity and slow the decay rate of plasma DTX concentration in rodents and non-rodent species including non-human primates. We further demonstrate that DTX-PC NMs target demethylation of CpG islands of Sparcl1 (a tumor suppressor gene) by suppressing DNA methyltransferase activity and increase the expression of Sparcl1 that leads to tumor regression. Therefore, this unique system has the potential to improve the quality of life in cancer patients and can be translated as a next-generation chemotherapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vedagopuram Sreekanth
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
- Current address: Brigham and Women's Hospital, Division of Renal Medicine and Engineering, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Animesh Kar
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Sanjay Pal
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Poonam Yadav
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Yamini Sharma
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Varsha Komalla
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
- Current address: Graduate School of Health, University of Technology, Sydney, Building 20, 100-102 Broadway, Chippendale, NSW, 2008, Australia
| | - Harsh Sharma
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health, Amity University Haryana, Panchgaon, Manesar, Gurgaon, 122413, Haryana, India
| | - Radhey Shyam
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Ravi Datta Sharma
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health, Amity University Haryana, Panchgaon, Manesar, Gurgaon, 122413, Haryana, India
| | - Arnab Mukhopadhyay
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Sagar Sengupta
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Ujjaini Dasgupta
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health, Amity University Haryana, Panchgaon, Manesar, Gurgaon, 122413, Haryana, India
| | - Avinash Bajaj
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
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Sreekanth V, Kar A, Kumar S, Pal S, Yadav P, Sharma Y, Komalla V, Sharma H, Shyam R, Sharma RD, Mukhopadhyay A, Sengupta S, Dasgupta U, Bajaj A. Bile Acid Tethered Docetaxel‐Based Nanomicelles Mitigate Tumor Progression through Epigenetic Changes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202015173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vedagopuram Sreekanth
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology Regional Centre for Biotechnology NCR Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway Faridabad 121001 Haryana India
- Current address: Brigham and Women's Hospital Division of Renal Medicine and Engineering Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Animesh Kar
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology Regional Centre for Biotechnology NCR Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway Faridabad 121001 Haryana India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology Regional Centre for Biotechnology NCR Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway Faridabad 121001 Haryana India
| | - Sanjay Pal
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology Regional Centre for Biotechnology NCR Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway Faridabad 121001 Haryana India
| | - Poonam Yadav
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology Regional Centre for Biotechnology NCR Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway Faridabad 121001 Haryana India
| | - Yamini Sharma
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology Regional Centre for Biotechnology NCR Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway Faridabad 121001 Haryana India
| | - Varsha Komalla
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology Regional Centre for Biotechnology NCR Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway Faridabad 121001 Haryana India
- Current address: Graduate School of Health University of Technology, Sydney, Building 20 100–102 Broadway Chippendale NSW 2008 Australia
| | - Harsh Sharma
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health Amity University Haryana Panchgaon, Manesar Gurgaon 122413 Haryana India
| | - Radhey Shyam
- National Institute of Immunology Aruna Asaf Ali Marg New Delhi 110067 India
| | - Ravi Datta Sharma
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health Amity University Haryana Panchgaon, Manesar Gurgaon 122413 Haryana India
| | - Arnab Mukhopadhyay
- National Institute of Immunology Aruna Asaf Ali Marg New Delhi 110067 India
| | - Sagar Sengupta
- National Institute of Immunology Aruna Asaf Ali Marg New Delhi 110067 India
| | - Ujjaini Dasgupta
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health Amity University Haryana Panchgaon, Manesar Gurgaon 122413 Haryana India
| | - Avinash Bajaj
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology Regional Centre for Biotechnology NCR Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway Faridabad 121001 Haryana India
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Potential Prognostic Role of SPARC Methylation in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061523. [PMID: 32580473 PMCID: PMC7349117 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The silencing of SPARC (secreted protein acid and rich in cysteine) gene through methylation of its promoter region represents a common event in many solid tumors and it is frequently associated with tumor progression and an aggressive clinical outcome. Anyhow, the data concerning the epigenetic mechanism of SPARC deregulation and its prognostic value in lung cancer are still incomplete. We explored the aberrant methylation of SPARC and its effects in 4 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines and 59 NSCLC tissues and correlated the methylation levels with clinical-pathological features and disease outcome of patients. In 3 out of 4 tumor cell lines high SPARC methylation levels were observed. An inverse correlation between the epigenetic silencing and SPARC expression was confirmed by 5-Aza-2′-deoxycytidine ((5-Aza-CdR) treatment that also significantly induced a reduction in cell viability, proliferation and tumor cell migration. In tissues, the DNA methylation levels of the SPARC gene were significantly lower in paired non-neoplastic lungs (NLs) and normal lungs distant from tumor (NLDTs) than in NSCLCs (p = 0.002 and p = 0.0034 respectively). A promoter hypermethylation was detected in 68% of squamous cell carcinoma (SqCCs, 17/25) and 56% of adenocarcinoma (ADCs, 19/34), with SqCC showing the highest levels of methylation. Higher SPARC methylation levels were significantly associated with higher mortality risk both in all NSCLCs early stage patients (Hazard Ratio, HR = 1.97; 95% Confidence Interval, CI: 1.32–2.93; p = 0.001) and in those with SqCC (HR = 2.96; 95% CI: 1.43–6.12; p = 0.003). Promoter methylation of SPARC gene should represent an interesting prognostic biomarker in NSCLC, with potential application in the squamous early-stage context. Further research in this setting on larger independent cohorts of lung patients with different histologies and stages of disease are warranted.
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Chen IH, Luo HL, Su YL, Huang CC, Chiang PH, Yu CC, Lee NL, Lin JJ, Sung MT. Aristolochic Acid Affects Upper Tract Urothelial Cancer Behavior through the MAPK Pathway. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24203707. [PMID: 31619002 PMCID: PMC6832650 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24203707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) in Taiwan is relatively higher than thatin Western countries. Aristolochic acid (AA), which is widely used in traditional Chinese herbology, is now recognized to be one of the carcinogens for UTUC. Numerous UTUC patients have chronic kidney diseases or end-stage renal diseases; however, little literature hasreported on theoncogenic pathway of AA-related UTUC. The aim of our study was to identify the potential target treatment for AA-related UTUC. Here, we established an AA pre-exposure followed bya 3-methylcholanthrene (MCA) stimulus tumorigenic cell model. We not only demonstrated that AA pre-exposure MCA stimulus tumorigenic cells have more behaviors of cell migration and invasion by enhancing the metalloproteinases (MMP) activity, which is compatible with clinical findings of AA-related UTUC, but we also validated that AA pre-exposure MCA stimulus tumorigeniccells could be activated through the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathway. We further dissected the route of the MAPK pathway and found that the p38 and extracellular signal regulated kinases (ERK) sub-pathways might play essential roles in AA pre-exposure urothelial cancer cell lines. This consequence was also corroborated with a tissue study in AA-exposed patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Hsuan Chen
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan.
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
- National Yang-Ming University, School of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
| | - Hao-Lun Luo
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Li Su
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Chieh Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Hui Chiang
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Cheng Yu
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan.
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
- National Yang-Ming University, School of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung 907, Taiwan.
| | - Nai-Lun Lee
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
| | - Jen-Jie Lin
- National Yang-Ming University, School of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
- Department of Beauty Science, Meiho University, Pingtung 912, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Tse Sung
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
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12
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Zhu YS, Gu Y, Jiang C, Chen L. Osteonectin regulates the extracellular matrix mineralization of osteoblasts through P38 signaling pathway. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:2220-2231. [PMID: 31489629 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Osteonectin binds strongly to type I collagen and hydroxyapatite and plays a crucial role in extracellular matrix mineralization. Previous studies have also shown that p38 signaling pathway is an important regulator for osteoblast mineralization. This study focused on the role of osteonectin in regulating extracellular matrix mineralization via the p38 signaling pathway. Osteoblasts were isolated and cultured from parietal bones of neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats. The gene and protein expressions of noncollagen proteins (BSP, bone sialoprotein; OCN, osteocalcin; OPN, osteopontin), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, and SIBLINGs (Small Integrin-Binding LIgand N-linked Glycoproteins) members (DMP1, dentine matrix protein 1, DSPP, dentin sialophosphoprotein, and MEPE, matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein) were detected by reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. Alizarin red staining, intracellular calcium assay, and transmission electron microscopy were used to detect mineralization. Initially, by adding osteonectin at different concentrations in osteoblasts and detecting the above mineralization indexes, 1 µg/ml was determined to be the optima osteonectin concentration, which significantly increased gene expressions of BSP, OPN, OCN, DMP1, MEPE, DSPP, and p38 in osteoblasts, p38 and p-p38 protein expressions were also significantly increased, mineralized nodules were significantly enhanced; when added with SB203580 (a specific inhibitor for p38) these effects were inhibited. Furthermore, osteoblasts transfected with Ad-p38 also significantly upregulated the protein and gene expressions of noncollagens and SIBLINGs members, whereas transfection of p38-rhRNA showed the opposite effect. Our data suggest that osteonectin regulates the extracellular matrix mineralization of osteoblasts through the P38 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Sen Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yong Gu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chang Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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13
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Kardoust Parizi M, Glybochko PV, Enikeev D, Rouprêt M, Fajkovic H, Seebacher V, Shariat SF. Risk stratification of upper tract urothelial carcinoma: A Review of the Current Literature. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2019; 19:503-513. [DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2019.1621753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Kardoust Parizi
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Urology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Teheran, Iran
| | - Petr V. Glybochko
- Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry Enikeev
- Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Morgan Rouprêt
- Sorbonne Université, GRC no. 5, ONCOTYPE-URO, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Harun Fajkovic
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Veronika Seebacher
- Department for Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Gynecologic Cancer Unit, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Shahrokh F. Shariat
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Karl Landsteiner Institute of Urology and Andrology, Vienna, Austria
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