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Oral Supplementation with the Polyamine Spermidine Affects Hepatic but Not Pulmonary Lipid Metabolism in Lean but Not Obese Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204318. [PMID: 36297003 PMCID: PMC9611404 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The polyamine spermidine is discussed as a caloric restriction mimetic and therapeutic option for obesity and related comorbidities. This study tested oral spermidine supplementation with regard to the systemic, hepatic and pulmonary lipid metabolism under different diet conditions. Male C57BL/6 mice were fed a purified control (CD), high sucrose (HSD) or high fat (HFD) diet with (-S) or without spermidine for 30 weeks. In CD-fed mice, spermidine decreased body and adipose tissue weights and reduced hepatic lipid content. The HSD induced hepatic lipid synthesis and accumulation and hypercholesterolemia. This was not affected by spermidine supplementation, but body weight and blood glucose were lower in HSD-S compared to HSD. HFD-fed mice showed higher body and fat depot weights, prediabetes, hypercholesterolemia and severe liver steatosis, which were not altered by spermidine. Within the liver, spermidine diminished hepatic expression of lipogenic transcription factors SREBF1 and 2 under HSD and HFD and affected the expression of other lipid-related enzymes. In contrast, diet and spermidine exerted only minor effects on pulmonary parameters. Thus, oral spermidine supplementation affects lipid metabolism in a diet-dependent manner, with significant reductions in body fat and weight under physiological nutrition and positive effects on weight and blood glucose under high sucrose intake, but no impact on dietary fat-related parameters.
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2
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Park SS, Perez Perez JL, Perez Gandara B, Agudelo CW, Rodriguez Ortega R, Ahmed H, Garcia-Arcos I, McCarthy C, Geraghty P. Mechanisms Linking COPD to Type 1 and 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Is There a Relationship between Diabetes and COPD? Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58081030. [PMID: 36013497 PMCID: PMC9415273 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58081030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients frequently suffer from multiple comorbidities, resulting in poor outcomes for these patients. Diabetes is observed at a higher frequency in COPD patients than in the general population. Both type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus are associated with pulmonary complications, and similar therapeutic strategies are proposed to treat these conditions. Epidemiological studies and disease models have increased our knowledge of these clinical associations. Several recent genome-wide association studies have identified positive genetic correlations between lung function and obesity, possibly due to alterations in genes linked to cell proliferation; embryo, skeletal, and tissue development; and regulation of gene expression. These studies suggest that genetic predisposition, in addition to weight gain, can influence lung function. Cigarette smoke exposure can also influence the differential methylation of CpG sites in genes linked to diabetes and COPD, and smoke-related single nucleotide polymorphisms are associated with resting heart rate and coronary artery disease. Despite the vast literature on clinical disease association, little direct mechanistic evidence is currently available demonstrating that either disease influences the progression of the other, but common pharmacological approaches could slow the progression of these diseases. Here, we review the clinical and scientific literature to discuss whether mechanisms beyond preexisting conditions, lifestyle, and weight gain contribute to the development of COPD associated with diabetes. Specifically, we outline environmental and genetic confounders linked with these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangmi S. Park
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (S.S.P.); (J.L.P.P.); (B.P.G.); (C.W.A.); (R.R.O.); (H.A.); (I.G.-A.)
| | - Jessica L. Perez Perez
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (S.S.P.); (J.L.P.P.); (B.P.G.); (C.W.A.); (R.R.O.); (H.A.); (I.G.-A.)
| | - Brais Perez Gandara
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (S.S.P.); (J.L.P.P.); (B.P.G.); (C.W.A.); (R.R.O.); (H.A.); (I.G.-A.)
| | - Christina W. Agudelo
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (S.S.P.); (J.L.P.P.); (B.P.G.); (C.W.A.); (R.R.O.); (H.A.); (I.G.-A.)
| | - Romy Rodriguez Ortega
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (S.S.P.); (J.L.P.P.); (B.P.G.); (C.W.A.); (R.R.O.); (H.A.); (I.G.-A.)
| | - Huma Ahmed
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (S.S.P.); (J.L.P.P.); (B.P.G.); (C.W.A.); (R.R.O.); (H.A.); (I.G.-A.)
| | - Itsaso Garcia-Arcos
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (S.S.P.); (J.L.P.P.); (B.P.G.); (C.W.A.); (R.R.O.); (H.A.); (I.G.-A.)
| | - Cormac McCarthy
- University College Dublin School of Medicine, Education and Research Centre, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, D04 T6F4 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Patrick Geraghty
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (S.S.P.); (J.L.P.P.); (B.P.G.); (C.W.A.); (R.R.O.); (H.A.); (I.G.-A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-718-270-3141
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3
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Lee WH, Wu DW, Chen YC, Liu YH, Liao WS, Chen SC, Hung CH, Kuo CH, Su HM. Association of Pulmonary Function Decline over Time with Longitudinal Change of Glycated Hemoglobin in Participants without Diabetes Mellitus. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11100994. [PMID: 34683134 PMCID: PMC8537814 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11100994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary damage and function impairment were frequently noted in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). However, the relationship between lung function and glycemic status in non-DM subjects was not well-known. Here, we evaluated the association of longitudinal changes of lung function parameters with longitudinal changes of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in non-DM participants. The study enrolled participants without prior type 2 DM, hypertension, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) from the Taiwan Biobank database. Laboratory profiles and pulmonary function parameters, including forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), were examined at baseline and follow-up. Finally, 7055 participants were selected in this study. During a mean 3.9-year follow-up, FVC and FEV1 were significantly decreased over time (both p < 0.001). In the multivariable analysis, the baseline (unstandardized coefficient β = −0.032, p < 0.001) and longitudinal change (unstandardized coefficient β = −0.025, p = 0.026) of FVC were negatively associated with the baseline and longitudinal change of HbA1c, respectively. Additionally, the longitudinal change of FVC was negatively associated with the risk of newly diagnosed type 2 DM (p = 0.018). During a mean 3.9-year follow-up, our present study, including participants without type 2 DM, hypertension, and COPD, demonstrated that the baseline and longitudinal change of FVC were negatively and respectively correlated with the baseline and longitudinal change of HbA1c. Furthermore, compared to those without new-onset DM, participants with new-onset DM had a more pronounced decline of FVC over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hsien Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan; (W.-H.L.); (D.-W.W.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-H.L.); (W.-S.L.); (S.-C.C.); (C.-H.H.); (C.-H.K.)
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
| | - Da-Wei Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan; (W.-H.L.); (D.-W.W.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-H.L.); (W.-S.L.); (S.-C.C.); (C.-H.H.); (C.-H.K.)
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chih Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan; (W.-H.L.); (D.-W.W.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-H.L.); (W.-S.L.); (S.-C.C.); (C.-H.H.); (C.-H.K.)
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsueh Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan; (W.-H.L.); (D.-W.W.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-H.L.); (W.-S.L.); (S.-C.C.); (C.-H.H.); (C.-H.K.)
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Sheng Liao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan; (W.-H.L.); (D.-W.W.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-H.L.); (W.-S.L.); (S.-C.C.); (C.-H.H.); (C.-H.K.)
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Chia Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan; (W.-H.L.); (D.-W.W.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-H.L.); (W.-S.L.); (S.-C.C.); (C.-H.H.); (C.-H.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsing Hung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan; (W.-H.L.); (D.-W.W.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-H.L.); (W.-S.L.); (S.-C.C.); (C.-H.H.); (C.-H.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hung Kuo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan; (W.-H.L.); (D.-W.W.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-H.L.); (W.-S.L.); (S.-C.C.); (C.-H.H.); (C.-H.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
| | - Ho-Ming Su
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan; (W.-H.L.); (D.-W.W.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-H.L.); (W.-S.L.); (S.-C.C.); (C.-H.H.); (C.-H.K.)
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist., Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-8036783-3441; Fax: +886-7-8063346
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Mühlfeld C, Wrede C, Molnár V, Rajces A, Brandenberger C. The plate body: 3D ultrastructure of a facultative organelle of alveolar epithelial type II cells involved in SP-A trafficking. Histochem Cell Biol 2021; 155:261-269. [PMID: 32880000 PMCID: PMC7910259 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-020-01912-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Plate bodies are facultative organelles occasionally described in the adult lungs of various species, including sheep and goat. They consist of multiple layers of plate-like cisterns with an electron dense middle bar. The present study was performed to elucidate the three-dimensional (3D) characteristics of this organelle and its presumed function in surfactant protein A (SP-A) biology. Archived material of four adult goat lungs and PFA-fixed lung samples of two adult sheep lungs were used for the morphological and immunocytochemical parts of this study, respectively. 3D imaging was performed by electron tomography and focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM). Immuno gold labeling was used to analyze whether plate bodies are positive for SP-A. Transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of plate bodies in three of four goat lungs and in both sheep lungs. Electron tomography and FIB-SEM characterized the plate bodies as layers of two up to over ten layers of membranous cisterns with the characteristic electron dense middle bar. The membranes of the plates were in connection with the rough endoplasmic reticulum and showed vesicular inclusions in the middle of the plates and a vesicular network at the sides of the organelle. Immuno gold labeling revealed the presence of SP-A in the vesicular network of plate bodies but not in the characteristic plates themselves. In conclusion, the present study clearly proves the connection of plate bodies with the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the presence of a vesicular network as part of the organelle involved in SP-A trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Mühlfeld
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Research (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
- Research Core Unit Electron Microscopy, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christoph Wrede
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Research (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
- Research Core Unit Electron Microscopy, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Alexandra Rajces
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christina Brandenberger
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Research (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany.
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5
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Südy R, Peták F, Kiss L, Balogh ÁL, Fodor GH, Korsós A, Schranc Á, Babik B. Obesity and diabetes: similar respiratory mechanical but different gas exchange defects. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 320:L368-L376. [PMID: 33264577 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00439.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus increases smooth muscle tone and causes tissue remodeling, affecting elastin and collagen. Although the lung is dominated by these elements, diabetes is expected to modify the airway function and respiratory tissue mechanics. Therefore, we characterized the respiratory function in patients with diabetes with and without associated obesity. Mechanically ventilated patients with normal body shapes were divided into the control nondiabetic (n = 73) and diabetic (n = 31) groups. The other two groups included obese patients without diabetes (n = 43) or with diabetes (n = 30). The mechanical properties of the respiratory system were determined by forced oscillation technique. Airway resistance (Raw), tissue damping (G), and tissue elastance (H) were assessed by forced oscillation. Capnography was applied to determine phase 3 slopes and dead space indices. The intrapulmonary shunt fraction (Qs/Qt) and the lung oxygenation index (PaO2/FIO2) were estimated from arterial and central venous blood samples. Compared with the corresponding control groups, diabetes alone increased the Raw (7.6 ± 6 cmH2O.s/l vs. 3.1 ± 1.9 cmH2O.s/l), G (11.7 ± 5.5 cmH2O/l vs. 6.5 ± 2.8 cmH2O/l), and H (31.5 ± 11.8 cmH2O/l vs. 24.2 ± 7.2 cmH2O/l (P < 0.001 for all). Diabetes increased the capnographic phase 3 slope, whereas PaO2/FIO2 or Qs/Qt was not affected. Obesity alone caused similar detrimental changes in respiratory mechanics and alveolar heterogeneity, but these alterations also compromised gas exchange. We conclude that diabetes-induced intrinsic mechanical abnormalities are counterbalanced by hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction, which maintained intrapulmonary shunt fraction and oxygenation ability of the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Südy
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Peták
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Liliána Kiss
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ádám L Balogh
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gergely H Fodor
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Anita Korsós
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Álmos Schranc
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Barna Babik
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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Mühlfeld C, Pfeiffer C, Schneider V, Bornemann M, Schipke J. Voluntary activity reverses spermidine-induced myocardial fibrosis and lipid accumulation in the obese male mouse. Histochem Cell Biol 2020; 155:75-88. [PMID: 33108533 PMCID: PMC7847856 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-020-01926-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity due to high calorie intake induces cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction, thus contributing to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Recent studies in aging suggest that oral supplementation with the natural polyamine spermidine has a cardioprotective effect. Here, the hypothesis was tested that spermidine or voluntary activity alone or in combination protect the heart from adverse effects induced by obesity. Therefore, C57Bl/6 mice (n = 8–10 per group) were subjected to control or high fat diet (HFD) and were left untreated, or either received spermidine via drinking water or were voluntarily active or both. After 30 weeks, the mice were killed and the left ventricle of the hearts was processed for light and electron microscopy. Design-based stereology was used to estimate parameters of hypertrophy, fibrosis, and lipid accumulation. HFD induced cardiac hypertrophy as demonstrated by higher volumes of the left ventricle, cardiomyocytes, interstitium, myofibrils and cardiomyocyte mitochondria. These changes were not influenced by spermidine or voluntary activity. HFD also induced myocardial fibrosis and accumulation of lipid droplets within cardiomyocytes. These HFD effects were enhanced in spermidine treated animals but not in voluntarily active mice. This was even the case in voluntarily active mice that received spermidine. In conclusion, the data confirm the induction of left ventricular hypertrophy by high-fat diet and suggest that—under high fat diet—spermidine enhances cardiomyocyte lipid accumulation and interstitial fibrosis which is counteracted by voluntary activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Mühlfeld
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Clara Pfeiffer
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Vanessa Schneider
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Melanie Bornemann
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Julia Schipke
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany. .,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany.
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Ahrendt N, Steingrüber T, Rajces A, Lopez-Rodriguez E, Eisenberg T, Magnes C, Madeo F, Sedej S, Schmiedl A, Ochs M, Mühlfeld C, Schipke J. Spermidine supplementation and voluntary activity differentially affect obesity-related structural changes in the mouse lung. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 319:L312-L324. [PMID: 32521164 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00423.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with lung function impairment and respiratory diseases; however, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are still elusive, and therapeutic options are limited. This study examined the effects of prolonged excess fat intake on lung mechanics and microstructure and tested spermidine supplementation and physical activity as intervention strategies. C57BL/6N mice fed control diet (10% fat) or high-fat diet (HFD; 60% fat) were left untreated or were supplemented with 3 mM spermidine, had access to running wheels for voluntary activity, or a combination of both. After 30 wk, lung mechanics was assessed, and left lungs were analyzed by design-based stereology. HFD exerted minor effects on lung mechanics and resulted in higher body weight and elevated lung, air, and septal volumes. The number of alveoli was higher in HFD-fed animals. This was accompanied by an increase in epithelial, but not endothelial, surface area. Moreover, air-blood barrier and endothelium were significantly thicker. Neither treatment affected HFD-related body weights. Spermidine lowered lung volumes as well as endothelial and air-blood barrier thicknesses toward control levels and substantially increased the endothelial surface area under HFD. Activity resulted in decreased volumes of lung, septa, and septal compartments but did not affect vascular changes in HFD-fed mice. The combination treatment showed no additive effect. In conclusion, excess fat consumption induced alveolar capillary remodeling indicative of impaired perfusion and gas diffusion. Spermidine alleviated obesity-related endothelial alterations, indicating a beneficial effect, whereas physical activity reduced lung volumes apparently by other, possibly systemic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Ahrendt
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tobias Steingrüber
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexandra Rajces
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Elena Lopez-Rodriguez
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany.,Institute of Vegetative Anatomy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Eisenberg
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Christoph Magnes
- Joanneum Research, HEALTH-Institute for Biomedicine and Health Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Simon Sedej
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Schmiedl
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (From Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy), Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthias Ochs
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (From Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy), Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany.,Institute of Vegetative Anatomy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Mühlfeld
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (From Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy), Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Julia Schipke
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (From Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy), Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
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8
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Südy R, Schranc Á, Fodor GH, Tolnai J, Babik B, Peták F. Lung volume dependence of respiratory function in rodent models of diabetes mellitus. Respir Res 2020; 21:82. [PMID: 32272932 PMCID: PMC7146915 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-020-01334-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus causes the deterioration of smooth muscle cells and interstitial matrix proteins, including collagen. Collagen and smooth muscle cells are abundant in the lungs, but the effect of diabetes on airway function and viscoelastic respiratory tissue mechanics has not been characterized. This study investigated the impact of diabetes on respiratory function, bronchial responsiveness, and gas exchange parameters. Methods Rats were allocated randomly to three groups: a model of type 1 diabetes that received a high dose of streptozotocin (DM1, n = 13); a model of type 2 diabetes that received a low dose of streptozotocin with a high-fat diet (DM2, n = 14); and a control group with no treatment (C, n = 14). Forced oscillations were applied to assess airway resistance (Raw), respiratory tissue damping (G), and elastance (H). The arterial partial pressure of oxygen to the inspired oxygen fraction (PaO2/FiO2) and intrapulmonary shunt fraction (Qs/Qt) were determined from blood gas samples at positive end-expiratory pressures (PEEPs) of 0, 3, and 6 cmH2O. Lung responsiveness to methacholine was also assessed. Collagen fibers in lung tissue were quantified by histology. Results The rats in groups DM1 and DM2 exhibited elevated Raw, G, H, and Qs/Qt, compromised PaO2/FiO2, and diminished airway responsiveness. The severity of adverse tissue mechanical change correlated with excessive lung collagen expression. Increased PEEP normalized the respiratory mechanics, but the gas exchange abnormalities remained. Conclusions These findings indicate that diabetes reduces airway and lung tissue viscoelasticity, resulting in alveolar collapsibility that can be compensated by increasing PEEP. Diabetes also induces persistent alveolo-capillary dysfunction and abnormal adaptation ability of the airways to exogenous constrictor stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Südy
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged, 9 Koranyi fasor, Szeged, H-6720, Hungary.,Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, University of Szeged, 6 Semmelweis Street, Szeged, H 6725, Hungary
| | - Álmos Schranc
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged, 9 Koranyi fasor, Szeged, H-6720, Hungary.,Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, University of Szeged, 6 Semmelweis Street, Szeged, H 6725, Hungary
| | - Gergely H Fodor
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged, 9 Koranyi fasor, Szeged, H-6720, Hungary
| | - József Tolnai
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged, 9 Koranyi fasor, Szeged, H-6720, Hungary
| | - Barna Babik
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, University of Szeged, 6 Semmelweis Street, Szeged, H 6725, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Peták
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged, 9 Koranyi fasor, Szeged, H-6720, Hungary.
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