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Wang X, Liu L, Zhai L, Palade P, Wang X, Mehta JL. Direct Impact of PCSK9 on SMC Senescence and Apoptosis: A New Focus in Cardiovascular Diseases. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:1491-1496. [PMID: 38924434 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.124.320140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China (Xiaoping Wang, L.L., L.Z., Xianwei Wang)
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology (Xiaoping Wang, L.L., Xianwei Wang), Xinxiang Medical University, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China (Xiaoping Wang, L.L., L.Z., Xianwei Wang)
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology (Xiaoping Wang, L.L., Xianwei Wang), Xinxiang Medical University, China
| | - Liyue Zhai
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China (Xiaoping Wang, L.L., L.Z., Xianwei Wang)
- Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Regeneration (L.Z., Xianwei Wang), Xinxiang Medical University, China
| | - Philip Palade
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (P.P.)
| | - Xianwei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China (Xiaoping Wang, L.L., L.Z., Xianwei Wang)
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology (Xiaoping Wang, L.L., Xianwei Wang), Xinxiang Medical University, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Regeneration (L.Z., Xianwei Wang), Xinxiang Medical University, China
| | - Jawahar L Mehta
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and the Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Little Rock (J.L.M.)
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Jin HJ, Wu ZH, Zhang BF, Deng J, Xu YD, Wang XY, Song ZY, Lu XW, Wang WT, Zheng XT. CDKN2B-AS1 mediates proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells induced by insulin. Cell Tissue Res 2023; 394:455-469. [PMID: 37907763 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-023-03836-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Excessive proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) contribute to the intimal hyperplasia in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients after percutaneous coronary intervention. We aimed to investigate the role of lncRNA cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2B antisense RNA 1 (CDKN2B-AS1) in VSMC proliferation and migration, as well as the underlying mechanism. T2DM model mice with carotid balloon injury were used in vivo and mouse aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (MOVAS) stimulated by insulin were used in vitro to assess the role of CDKN2B-AS1 in VSMC proliferation and migration following vascular injury in T2DM state. To investigate cell viability and migration, MTT assay and Transwell assay were conducted. To elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms, the methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction, RNA immunoprecipitation, RNA-pull down, co-immunoprecipitation, and chromatin immunoprecipitation were performed. In vivo, CDKN2B-AS1 was up-regulated in common carotid artery tissues. In vitro, insulin treatment increased CDKN2B-AS1 level, enhanced MOVAS cell proliferation and migration, while the promoting effect was reversed by CDKN2B-AS1 knockdown. CDKN2B-AS1 forms a complex with enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) and DNA methyltransferase (cytosine-5) 1 (DNMT1) to regulate smooth muscle 22 alpha (SM22α) methylation levels. In insulin-stimulated cells, SM22α knockdown abrogated the inhibitory effect of CDKN2B-AS1 knockdown on cell viability and migration. Injection of lentivirus-sh-CDKN2B-AS1 relieved intimal hyperplasia in T2DM mice with carotid balloon injury. Up-regulation of CDKN2B-AS1 induced by insulin promotes cell proliferation and migration by targeting SM22α through forming a complex with EZH2 and DNMT1, thereby aggravating the intimal hyperplasia after vascular injury in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Jie Jin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325015, China
| | - Zi-Heng Wu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, School of Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Bao-Fu Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325015, China
| | - Jie Deng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325015, China
| | - Yin-Dong Xu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325015, China
| | - Xin-Yu Wang
- Institute of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Zheng-Yang Song
- Institute of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Xin-Wu Lu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Wan-Tie Wang
- Institute of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.
| | - Xiang-Tao Zheng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325015, China.
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Han Z, Hu H, Yin M, Lin Y, Yan Y, Han P, Liu B, Jing B. HOXA1 participates in VSMC-to-macrophage-like cell transformation via regulation of NF-κB p65 and KLF4: a potential mechanism of atherosclerosis pathogenesis. Mol Med 2023; 29:104. [PMID: 37528397 PMCID: PMC10394793 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00685-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophage-like transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is a risk factor of atherosclerosis (AS) progression. Transcription factor homeobox A1 (HOXA1) plays functional roles in differentiation and development. This study aims to explore the role of HOXA1 in VSMC transformation, thereby providing evidence for the potential mechanism of AS pathogenesis. METHODS High fat diet (HFD)-fed apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE-/-) mice were applied as an in vivo model to imitate AS, while 1-palmitoyl-2-(5-oxovaleroyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POV-PC)-treated VSMCs were applied as an in vitro model. Recombinant adeno-associated-virus-1 (AAV-1) vectors that express short-hairpin RNAs targeting HOXA1, herein referred as AAV1-shHOXA1, were generated for the loss-of-function experiments throughout the study. RESULTS In the aortic root of AS mice, lipid deposition was severer and HOXA1 expression was higher than the wide-type mice fed with normal diet or HFD. Silencing of HOXA1 inhibited the AS-induced weight gain, inflammatory response, serum and liver lipid metabolism disorder and atherosclerotic plaque formation. Besides, lesions from AS mice with HOXA1 knockdown showed less trans-differentiation of VSMCs to macrophage-like cells, along with a suppression of krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB RelA (p65) expression. In vitro experiments consistently confirmed that HOXA1 knockdown suppressed lipid accumulation, VSMC-to-macrophage phenotypic switch and inflammation in POV-PC-treated VSMCs. Mechanism investigations further illustrated that HOXA1 transcriptionally activated RelA and KLF4 to participate in the pathological manifestations of VSMCs. CONCLUSIONS HOXA1 participates in AS progression by regulating VSMCs plasticity via regulation of NF-κB p65 and KLF4. HOXA1 has the potential to be a biomarker or therapeutic target for AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyang Han
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23, Youzheng Street, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Haidi Hu
- Department of General and Vascular Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - MingZhu Yin
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Human Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yu Lin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23, Youzheng Street, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23, Youzheng Street, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Peng Han
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23, Youzheng Street, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23, Youzheng Street, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bao Jing
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23, Youzheng Street, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
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Zheng H, Bai L. MALT1 accelerates proatherogenic vascular smooth muscle cell growth, invasion and synthetic phenotype switching via nuclear factor‑κB signaling‑dependent way. Exp Ther Med 2023; 26:337. [PMID: 37383381 PMCID: PMC10294604 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (MALT1) modulates T helper cell differentiation and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway-mediated inflammation and potentially regulates lipid metabolism, which are all critical factors involved in atherosclerosis. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of MALT1 on the cellular functions of proatherogenic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Therefore, to establish a human proatherogenic VSMC model, VSMCs were treated with different doses of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL). Subsequently, the effect of MALT1 overexpression or knockdown in proatherogenic VSMCs treated with or without NF-κB activator was also explored. The results showed that treatment of proatherogenic VSMCs with oxLDL significantly elevated the mRNA and protein expression levels of MALT1 in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, MALT1 overexpression enhanced cell viability, invasion and phenotype switching and reduced apoptosis in proatherogenic VSMCs. However, MALT1 knockdown exerted the opposite effect on the above cellular functions. Additionally, the results revealed that MALT1 could positively regulate the NF-κB pathway in proatherogenic VSMCs. Moreover, treatment of proatherogenic VSMCs with NF-κB activator not only exacerbated the dysregulation of cellular functions, but also hampered the effect of MALT1 knockdown on attenuating cell growth, invasion and synthetic phenotype switching, thus suggesting that NF-κB was essential for the regulation of MALT1-triggered functions in proatherogenic VSMCs. In conclusion, the current study suggested that MALT1 could exacerbate cell viability, mobility and synthetic phenotype switching of proatherogenic VSMCs in a NF-κB signaling-dependent manner. Therefore, MALT1 could be considered as a potential therapeutic target for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010050, P.R. China
| | - Ligang Bai
- Department of Urology Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010050, P.R. China
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Tu W, Xiao X, Lu J, Liu X, Wang E, Yuan R, Wan R, Shen Y, Xu D, Yang P, Gong M, Gao P, Huang SK. Vanadium exposure exacerbates allergic airway inflammation and remodeling through triggering reactive oxidative stress. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1099509. [PMID: 36776398 PMCID: PMC9912158 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1099509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Metal components of environmental PM2.5 are associated with the exacerbation of allergic diseases like asthma. In our recent hospital-based population study, exposure to vanadium is shown to pose a significant risk for current asthma, but the causal relationship and its underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Objective We sought to determine whether vanadium co-exposure can aggravate house dust mite (HDM)-induced allergic airway inflammation and remodeling, as well as investigate its related mechanisms. Methods Asthma mouse model was generated by using either vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) or HDM alone or in combination, in which the airway inflammation and remodeling was investigated. The effect of V2O5 co-exposure on HDM-induced epithelial-derived cytokine release and oxidative stress (ROS) generation was also examined by in vitro analyses. The role of ROS in V2O5 co-exposure-induced cytokine release and airway inflammation and remodeling was examined by using inhibitors or antioxidant. Results Compared to HDM alone, V2O5 co-exposure exacerbated HDM-induced airway inflammation with increased infiltration of inflammatory cells and elevated levels of Th1/Th2/Th17 and epithelial-derived (IL-25, TSLP) cytokines in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALFs). Intriguingly, V2O5 co-exposure also potentiated HDM-induced airway remodeling. Increased cytokine release was further supported by in vitro analysis in human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs). Mechanistically, ROS, particularly mitochondrial-derived ROS, was significantly enhanced in HBECs after V2O5 co-exposure as compared to HDM challenge alone. Inhibition of ROS with its inhibitor N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) and mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant MitoTEMPO blocked the increased epithelial release caused by V2O5 co-exposure. Furthermore, vitamin D3 as an antioxidant was found to inhibit V2O5 co-exposure-induced increased airway epithelial cytokine release and airway remodeling. Conclusions Our findings suggest that vanadium co-exposure exacerbates epithelial ROS generation that contribute to increased allergic airway inflammation and remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tu
- Department of Respiratory & Allergy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China,The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China,Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Xiaojun Xiao
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiahua Lu
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Eryi Wang
- Department of Respiratory & Allergy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China,The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ruyi Yuan
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rongjun Wan
- Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yingchun Shen
- Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Damo Xu
- Department of Respiratory & Allergy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China,The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Pingchang Yang
- Department of Respiratory & Allergy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China,The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Miao Gong
- Department of Respiratory & Allergy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China,The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peisong Gao
- Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States,*Correspondence: Shau-Ku Huang, ; Peisong Gao,
| | - Shau-Ku Huang
- Department of Respiratory & Allergy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China,National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan,*Correspondence: Shau-Ku Huang, ; Peisong Gao,
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Tu W, Xiao X, Lu J, Liu X, Wang E, Yuan R, Wan R, Shen Y, Xu D, Yang P, Gong M, Gao P, Huang SK. Vanadium exposure exacerbates allergic airway inflammation and remodeling through triggering reactive oxidative stress. Front Immunol 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1099509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundMetal components of environmental PM2.5 are associated with the exacerbation of allergic diseases like asthma. In our recent hospital-based population study, exposure to vanadium is shown to pose a significant risk for current asthma, but the causal relationship and its underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear.ObjectiveWe sought to determine whether vanadium co-exposure can aggravate house dust mite (HDM)-induced allergic airway inflammation and remodeling, as well as investigate its related mechanisms.MethodsAsthma mouse model was generated by using either vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) or HDM alone or in combination, in which the airway inflammation and remodeling was investigated. The effect of V2O5 co-exposure on HDM-induced epithelial-derived cytokine release and oxidative stress (ROS) generation was also examined by in vitro analyses. The role of ROS in V2O5 co-exposure-induced cytokine release and airway inflammation and remodeling was examined by using inhibitors or antioxidant.ResultsCompared to HDM alone, V2O5 co-exposure exacerbated HDM-induced airway inflammation with increased infiltration of inflammatory cells and elevated levels of Th1/Th2/Th17 and epithelial-derived (IL-25, TSLP) cytokines in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALFs). Intriguingly, V2O5 co-exposure also potentiated HDM-induced airway remodeling. Increased cytokine release was further supported by in vitro analysis in human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs). Mechanistically, ROS, particularly mitochondrial-derived ROS, was significantly enhanced in HBECs after V2O5 co-exposure as compared to HDM challenge alone. Inhibition of ROS with its inhibitor N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) and mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant MitoTEMPO blocked the increased epithelial release caused by V2O5 co-exposure. Furthermore, vitamin D3 as an antioxidant was found to inhibit V2O5 co-exposure-induced increased airway epithelial cytokine release and airway remodeling.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that vanadium co-exposure exacerbates epithelial ROS generation that contribute to increased allergic airway inflammation and remodeling.
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Jiang Y, Qian HY. Transcription factors: key regulatory targets of vascular smooth muscle cell in atherosclerosis. Mol Med 2023; 29:2. [PMID: 36604627 PMCID: PMC9817296 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00586-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS), leading to gradual occlusion of the arterial lumen, refers to the accumulation of lipids and inflammatory debris in the arterial wall. Despite therapeutic advances over past decades including intervention or surgery, atherosclerosis is still the most common cause of cardiovascular diseases and the main mechanism of death and disability worldwide. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play an imperative role in the occurrence of atherosclerosis and throughout the whole stages. In the past, there was a lack of comprehensive understanding of VSMCs, but the development of identification technology, including in vivo single-cell sequencing technology and lineage tracing with the CreERT2-loxP system, suggests that VSMCs have remarkable plasticity and reevaluates well-established concepts about the contribution of VSMCs. Transcription factors, a kind of protein molecule that specifically recognizes and binds DNA upstream promoter regions or distal enhancer DNA elements, play a key role in the transcription initiation of the coding genes and are necessary for RNA polymerase to bind gene promoters. In this review, we highlight that, except for environmental factors, VSMC genes are transcriptionally regulated through complex interactions of multiple conserved cis-regulatory elements and transcription factors. In addition, through a series of transcription-related regulatory processes, VSMCs could undergo phenotypic transformation, proliferation, migration, calcification and apoptosis. Finally, enhancing or inhibiting transcription factors can regulate the development of atherosclerotic lesions, and the downstream molecular mechanism of transcriptional regulation has also been widely studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jiang
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Center for Coronary Heart Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of China, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Rd, Beijing, 100037 China
| | - Hai-Yan Qian
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Center for Coronary Heart Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of China, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Rd, Beijing, 100037 China
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Ren Y, Zhang H. Emerging role of exosomes in vascular diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1090909. [PMID: 36937921 PMCID: PMC10017462 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1090909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are biological small spherical lipid bilayer vesicles secreted by most cells in the body. Their contents include nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids. Exosomes can transfer material molecules between cells and consequently have a variety of biological functions, participating in disease development while exhibiting potential value as biomarkers and therapeutics. Growing evidence suggests that exosomes are vital mediators of vascular remodeling. Endothelial cells (ECs), vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), inflammatory cells, and adventitial fibroblasts (AFs) can communicate through exosomes; such communication is associated with inflammatory responses, cell migration and proliferation, and cell metabolism, leading to changes in vascular function and structure. Essential hypertension (EH), atherosclerosis (AS), and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) are the most common vascular diseases and are associated with significant vascular remodeling. This paper reviews the latest research progress on the involvement of exosomes in vascular remodeling through intercellular information exchange and provides new ideas for understanding related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ren
- Institute of Microcirculation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Honggang Zhang
- Institute of Microcirculation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Honggang Zhang,
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da Silva Gomes PS, da Silva WW, de Cássia Gasparoti G, Payolla FB, de Oliveira JA, Barbugli PA, Marin-Dett FH, Cavicchioli M, Massabni AC, Resende FA. Evaluation of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of a novel oxovanadium complex with orotate. MUTATION RESEARCH/GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2022; 883-884:503558. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2022.503558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Ho CC, Wu WT, Lin YJ, Weng CY, Tsai MH, Tsai HT, Chen YC, Yet SF, Lin P. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation-mediated vascular toxicity of ambient fine particulate matter: contribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and osteopontin as a biomarker. Part Fibre Toxicol 2022; 19:43. [PMID: 35739584 PMCID: PMC9219152 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-022-00482-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is associated with vascular diseases. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in PM2.5 are highly hazardous; however, the contribution of PM2.5-bound PAHs to PM2.5-associated vascular diseases remains unclear. The ToxCast high-throughput in vitro screening database indicates that some PM2.5-bound PAHs activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). The present study investigated whether the AhR pathway is involved in the mechanism of PM2.5-induced vascular toxicity, identified the PAH in PM2.5 that was the major contributor of AhR activation, and identified a biomarker for vascular toxicity of PM2.5-bound PAHs. RESULTS Treatment of vascular smooth muscle cells (VMSCs) with an AhR antagonist inhibited the PM2.5-induced increase in the cell migration ability; NF-κB activity; and expression of cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1), 1B1 (CYP1B1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and osteopontin (OPN). Most PM2.5-bound PAHs were extracted into the organic fraction, which drastically enhanced VSMC migration and increased mRNA levels of CYP1A1, CYP1B1, IL-6, and OPN. However, the inorganic fraction of PM2.5 moderately enhanced VSMC migration and only increased IL-6 mRNA levels. PM2.5 increased IL-6 secretion through NF-κB activation; however, PM2.5 and its organic extract increased OPN secretion in a CYP1B1-dependent manner. Inhibiting CYP1B1 activity and silencing OPN expression prevented the increase in VSMC migration ability caused by PM2.5 and its organic extract. The AhR activation potencies of seven PM2.5-bound PAHs, reported in the ToxCast database, were strongly correlated with their capabilities of enhancing the migration ability of VSMCs. Benzo(k)fluoranthene (BkF) contributed the most to the AhR agonistic activity of ambient PM2.5-bound PAHs. The association between PM2.5-induced vascular toxicity, AhR activity, and OPN secretion was further verified in mice; PM2.5-induced intimal hyperplasia in pulmonary small arteries and OPN secretion were alleviated in mice with low AhR affinity. Finally, urinary concentrations of 1-hydroxypyrene, a major PAH metabolite, were positively correlated with plasma OPN levels in healthy humans. CONCLUSIONS The present study offers in vitro, animal, and human evidences supporting the importance of AhR activation for PM2.5-induced vascular toxicities and that BkF was the major contributor of AhR activation. OPN is an AhR-dependent biomarker of PM2.5-induced vascular toxicity. The AhR activation potency may be applied in the risk assessment of vascular toxicity in PAH mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chi Ho
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, 350, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Te Wu
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, 350, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jun Lin
- Institute of Food Safety and Health Risk Assessment, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 155, Sec. 2, Linong Street, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yi Weng
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, 350, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Tsai
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, 350, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ti Tsai
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, 350, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Chen
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, 350, Taiwan
| | - Shaw-Fang Yet
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, 350, Taiwan
| | - Pinpin Lin
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, 350, Taiwan. .,Institute of Food Safety and Health Risk Assessment, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 155, Sec. 2, Linong Street, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.
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Liu X, Bao Y, Lin Z, Tang L, Mao P. Platelets inhibit development of atherosclerosis in atherosclerotic mice. Cell Cycle 2022; 21:1222-1232. [PMID: 35213268 PMCID: PMC9103360 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2044703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets can protect from lipopolysaccharide-induced septic shock by inhibiting inflammation, but it is unknown whether platelets have an anti-atherosclerotic effect. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of platelet transfusion on atherosclerosis (AS) in a mouse model of AS. Apolipoprotein E deficiency (ApoE-/-) mice were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks to establish a mouse model of AS. Mice weekly underwent bi-weekly injection with or without platelets during AS induction (HFD+platelet). Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E), Oil Red O, and Sudan IV stainings were used to assess pathological and morphological changes in the aortic tissue. Lipid levels, and liver and kidney function were examined using an automatic biochemical analyzer. Immune histochemical assays were used to detect the infiltration and distribution of inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) in the aortic arch. Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to examine the expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and MCP-1 in the aorta or the peripheral blood, respectively. Compared with the HFD group, AS pathological lesions from the aortic arch in the HFD+platelet group were significantly smaller and alterations in the lipid metabolism were also less pronounced. Furthermore, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and MCP-1 levels were all significantly reduced in mice that received platelet injection. Platelets transfusion can effectively ameliorate lipid metabolism, suppress the inflammatory response in the vascular wall, and inhibit the development of AS in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yizhong Bao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhang Lin
- Department of Basic Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Lijiang Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, P. R. China,Lijiang Tang Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Hospital, 12 Lingying Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, P. R. China Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ping Mao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, P. R. China,CONTACT Ping Mao Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Hospital, 12 Lingying Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang310013, P. R. China
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12
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Hydrological Regime, Provenance, and Impacts on Cultural Development at Changsha Kiln Archaeological Site since 1300 a, Lower Xiangjiang River, China. LAND 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/land11060789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Changsha kilns were exported to more than 20 countries and regions and were an essential part of the culture in the central Yangtze River during the late Holocene. Reconstructing the hydrological landform and sedimentary history of its surrounding areas (Shizhu) is significant for further constraining any links between regional paleoenvironmental change and the human−land relationship in the lager river valley. To examine paleo−hydrological and provenance evolution, the rare earth element (REE) and trace element ratio from the Shizhuping (SZP) section were analyzed. The SZP section records the paleo−hydrological evolution over 1300 years: river network cutting plain landscape—Shizhu Lake—river floodplain—Shizhu Lake reformation—Shizhu flat. This section was labeled as stages IV to I, respectively. The deposition of stages IV was wind and dust accumulation during the Last Glacial. The provenance of stages III (1288–1094 a.BP) was wasted from the ceramic production process. The layer of stage II (1094–380 a.BP) was in two parts. In stage II−2 (1094–890 a.BP), provenance was dominated by granite. Sedimentary rocks became the source of stage II−1 (890–380 a.BP). In stages I (380 a.BP–), the primary material sources were anthropogenic bedding and weathering erosion deposits around the slope. During the Medieval Warm Period, the climate was warm and humid, and the rising water level of the Xiangjiang River led to the emergence of lakes in the Shizhu area. The migration of northern China into Changsha kiln brought new technology and labor. In the late Five Dynasties, the climate turned dry, and the falling water level of the Xiangjiang River caused Changsha kiln to lose its commercial wharf.
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Yu Y, Sun Q, Li T, Ren X, Lin L, Sun M, Duan J, Sun Z. Adverse outcome pathway of fine particulate matter leading to increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality: An integrated perspective from toxicology and epidemiology. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 430:128368. [PMID: 35149491 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure is a major threat to public health, and is listed as one of the leading factors associated with global premature mortality. Among the adverse health effects on multiple organs or tissues, the influence of PM2.5 exposure on cardiovascular system has drawn more and more attention. Although numerous studies have investigated the mechanisms responsible for the cardiovascular toxicity of PM2.5, the various mechanisms have not been integrated due to the variety of the study models, different levels of toxicity assessment endpoints, etc. Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) framework is a useful tool to achieve this goal so as to facilitate comprehensive understanding of toxicity assessment of PM2.5 on cardiovascular system. This review aims to illustrate the causal mechanistic relationships of PM2.5-triggered cardiovascular toxicity from different levels (from molecular/cellular/organ to individual/population) by using AOP framework. Based on the AOP Wiki and published literature, we propose an AOP framework focusing on the cardiovascular toxicity induced by PM2.5 exposure. The molecular initiating event (MIE) is identified as reactive oxygen species generation, followed by the key events (KEs) of oxidative damage and mitochondria dysfunction, which induces vascular endothelial dysfunction via vascular endothelial cell autophagy dysfunction, vascular fibrosis via vascular smooth muscle cell activation, cardiac dysregulation via myocardial apoptosis, and cardiac fibrosis via fibroblast proliferation and myofibroblast differentiation, respectively; all of the above cardiovascular injuries ultimately elevate cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the general population. As far as we know, this is the first work on PM2.5-related cardiovascular AOP construction. In the future, more work needs to be done to explore new markers in the safety assessment of cardiovascular toxicity induced by PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Qinglin Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Tianyu Li
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Xiaoke Ren
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Lisen Lin
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Mengqi Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Junchao Duan
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China.
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China.
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Zhang C, Huang Y, Ouyang F, Su M, Li W, Chen J, Xiao H, Zhou X, Liu B. Extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells alleviate neuroinflammation and mechanical allodynia in interstitial cystitis rats by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:80. [PMID: 35387668 PMCID: PMC8988382 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02445-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neuroinflammation in spinal dorsal horn (SDH) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS). Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) exert potent anti-inflammatory activities in the treatment of various diseases. This study aimed to determine the therapeutic effects of MSC-EVs on IC and furtherly investigate the potential mechanism to attenuate neuroinflammation. Methods Female IC rat model was established by intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide (50 mg/kg, every 3 days for 3 doses). Inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome was performed by intraperitoneal injection of MCC950 (10 mg/kg). MSC-EVs were isolated from the culture supernatants of human umbilical cord derived MSCs using ultracentrifugation, and then injected intrathecally into IC rats (20 μg in 10 μl PBS, every other day for 3 doses). Suprapubic mechanical allodynia was assessed using up-down method with von Frey filaments, and micturition frequency was examined by urodynamics. The expression of NLRP3 inflammasome components (NLRP3 and Caspase-1), glial cell markers (IBA-1 and GFAP), proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-18) and TLR4/NF-κB signal pathway (TLR4, p65 NK-κB and phospho-p65 NK-κB) in L6–S1 SDH was measured by Western blot analysis. The cellular localization of NLRP3 in SDH was detected using immunofluorescence co-staining. Results NLRP3 inflammasome was activated in neurons in SDH of IC rats. NLRP3 inflammasome activation contributed to activation of glial cells and process of spinal neuroinflammation in IC rats, and was related to suprapubic mechanical allodynia and frequent micturition. Intrathecal injection of MSC-EVs alleviated suprapubic mechanical allodynia and frequent micturition in IC rats, restrained activation of glial cells and attenuated neuroinflammation in SDH. In addition, MSC-EV treatment significantly inhibited activation of both NLRP3 inflammasomes and TLR4/NF-κB signal pathway. Conclusions NLRP3 inflammasome activation is involved in the neuroinflammation of IC. Intrathecal injection of MSC-EVs alleviates neuroinflammation and mechanical allodynia in IC by inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, and TLR4/NF-κB signal pathway may be the potential regulatory target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Fubing Ouyang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Minzhi Su
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Third Affiliated Hospital and Lingnan Hospital of the Sun Yat-Sen University, 2693 Kaichuang Road, Guangzhou, 510700, China
| | - Wenbiao Li
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Jialiang Chen
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Hengjun Xiao
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Xiangfu Zhou
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| | - Bolong Liu
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
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15
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Lee GL, Liao TL, Wu JY, Wu KK, Kuo CC. Restoration of 5-methoxytryptophan protects against atherosclerotic chondrogenesis and calcification in ApoE -/- mice fed high fat diet. J Biomed Sci 2021; 28:74. [PMID: 34749728 PMCID: PMC8573875 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-021-00771-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Toll-like receptor-2 (TLR2) promotes vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) transdifferentiation to chondrocytes and calcification in a p38 MAPK-dependent manner. Vascular 5-methoxytryptophan (5-MTP) is a newly identified factor with anti-inflammatory actions. As 5-MTP targets p38 MAPK for its actions, we postulated that 5-MTP protects against vascular chondrogenesis and calcification. Methods High-fat diet-induced advanced atherosclerosis in mice were performed to investigate the effect of 5-MTP on atherosclerotic lesions and calcification. VSMCs were used to determine the role of 5-MTP in VSMC chondrogenic differentiation and calcification. Alizarin red S and Alcian blue staining were used to measure VSMC calcification and chondrogenic differentiation, respectively. Results 5-MTP was detected in aortic tissues of ApoE−/− mice fed control chow. It was reduced in ApoE−/− mice fed high-fat diet (HFD), but was restored in ApoE−/−Tlr2−/− mice, suggesting that HFD reduces vascular 5-MTP production via TLR2. Intraperitoneal injection of 5-MTP or its analog into ApoE−/− mice fed HFD reduced aortic atherosclerotic lesions and calcification which was accompanied by reduction of chondrogenesis and calcium deposition. Pam3CSK4 (Pam3), ligand of TLR2, induced SMC phenotypic switch to chondrocytes. Pretreatment with 5-MTP preserved SMC contractile proteins and blocked Pam3-induced chondrocyte differentiation and calcification. 5-MTP inhibited HFD-induced p38 MAPK activation in vivo and Pam3-induced p38 MAPK activation in SMCs. 5-MTP suppressed HFD-induced CREB activation in aortic tissues and Pam3-induced CREB and NF-κB activation in SMCs. Conclusions These findings suggest that 5-MTP is a vascular arsenal against atherosclerosis and calcification by inhibiting TLR2–mediated SMC phenotypic switch to chondrocytes and the consequent calcification. 5-MTP exerts these effects by blocking p38 MAPK activation and inhibiting CREB and NF-κB transactivation activity. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12929-021-00771-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Lin Lee
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Lien Liao
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Yiing Wu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Kenneth K Wu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan. .,College of Life Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Chin Kuo
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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16
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Li Y, Li H, Chen B, Yang F, Hao Z. miR-141-5p suppresses vascular smooth muscle cell inflammation, proliferation, and migration via inhibiting the HMGB1/NF-κB pathway. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22828. [PMID: 34128295 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as significant modulators in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis (AS). Additionally, the dysregulation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is a crucial biological event during AS. Our study aimed to explore the functional roles and molecular mechanisms of miR-141-5p in VSMCs dysfunction. C57BL/6 mice were used to establish AS animal model. Human VSMCs were treated by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) to establish AS cell model. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was employed to probe miR-141-5p and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) mRNA expressions in VSMCs or plasma samples of the mice. Inflammatory cytokines were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Cell counting kit-8 and bromodeoxyuridine assays were performed to evaluate cell proliferation. Cell migration and apoptosis were detected with Transwell assay and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. The target gene of miR-141-5p was predicted with the TargetScan database, and the interaction between miR-141-5p and HMGB1/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) was further validated by dual-luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, and Western blot analysis. miR-141-5p was found to be decreased in the plasma of patients and mice model with AS. Its expression was also downregulated in VSMCs treated by ox-LDL. miR-141-5p overexpression inhibited the inflammation, proliferation, migration of VSMCs, and promoted the apoptosis of VSMCs. HMGB1 was identified as a direct target of miR-141-5p, and miR-141-5p could repress the activity of HMGB1/NF-κB signaling. HMGB1 restoration reversed the effects of miR-141-5p, and NF-κB inhibitor JSH-23 showed similar effects with miR-141-5p mimics. miR-141-5p inhibits VSMCs' dysfunction by targeting the HMGB1/NF-κB pathway, which probably functions as a protective factor during the development of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Li
- Department of Emergency, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Haide Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Zhiying Hao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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17
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Tam J, Thankam F, Agrawal DK, Radwan MM. Critical Role of LOX-1-PCSK9 Axis in the Pathogenesis of Atheroma Formation and Its Instability. Heart Lung Circ 2021; 30:1456-1466. [PMID: 34092505 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.05.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major contributor to annual deaths globally. Atherosclerosis is a prominent risk factor for CVD. Although significant developments have been recently made in the prevention and treatment, the molecular pathology of atherosclerosis remains unknown. Interestingly, the recent discovery of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) introduced a new avenue to explore the molecular pathogenesis and novel management strategies for atherosclerosis. Initial research focussed on the PCSK9-mediated degradation of low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and subsequent activation of pro-inflammatory pathways by oxidised low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). Recently, PCSK9 and lectin-like oxidised low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) were shown to positively amplify each other pro-inflammatory activity and gene expression in endothelial cells, macrophages and vascular smooth muscle cells. In this literature review, we provide insight into the reciprocal relationship between PCSK9 and LOX-1 in the pathogenesis of atheroma formation and plaque instability in atherosclerosis. Further understanding of the LOX-1-PCSK9 axis possesses tremendous translational potential to design novel management approaches for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Tam
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA
| | - Finosh Thankam
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA
| | - Mohamed M Radwan
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA.
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Dong X, Sun R, Wang J, Yu S, Cui J, Guo Z, Pan X, Sun J, Yang J, Pan LL. Glutathione S-transferases P1-mediated interleukin-6 in tumor-associated macrophages augments drug-resistance in MCF-7 breast cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 182:114289. [PMID: 33080187 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1), a phase II detoxifying enzyme, is overexpressed and plays an important role during breast cancer drug resistance. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), representing most of the leukocyte population in solid tumors, are involved in cancer cell resistance to chemotherapy. Although GSTP1 exists in TAMs, whether GSTP1 in TAMs promotes drug resistance is still unclear. In the current study, we found a novel mechanism that GSTP1 in TAMs contributes breast cancer cell drug resistance. GSTP1 is aberrantly expressed in TAMs from breast cancer tissues of patients after chemotherapy than that without chemotherapy. Adriamycin (ADR) time-dependently induced the expression of GSTP1 in TAMs in vitro. Conditional medium of TAMs significantly inhibited ADR-induced cell death of MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Meanwhile, overexpression of GSTP1 in TAMs promoted the expression and release of interleukin-6 (IL-6) associated with reduced ADR-induced breast cell death, which was reversed by IL-6 antibody. Mechanistically, GSTP1 interacted with inhibitor of nuclear factor κB kinase β (IKKβ) to activate nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) to induced the expression and release of IL-6 in TAMs. Moreover, IL-6 further upregulated GSTP1 through c-Jun, and ultimately mediated drug resistance in MCF-7 cells. Taken together, our data demonstrated for the first time that GSTP1 in TAMs promoted ADR-resistance in breast cancer by regulating interleukin-6 release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang Dong
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongmei Sun
- Engineering Institute, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengzhou Yu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Cui
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Pan
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Sun
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Li-Long Pan
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang ML, Wu HT, Chen WJ, Xu Y, Ye QQ, Shen JX, Liu J. Involvement of glutathione peroxidases in the occurrence and development of breast cancers. J Transl Med 2020; 18:247. [PMID: 32571353 PMCID: PMC7309991 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02420-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutathione peroxidases (GPxs) belong to a family of enzymes that is important in organisms; these enzymes promote hydrogen peroxide metabolism and protect cell membrane structure and function from oxidative damage. Based on the establishment and development of the theory of the pathological roles of free radicals, the role of GPxs has gradually attracted researchers' attention, and the involvement of GPxs in the occurrence and development of malignant tumors has been shown. On the other hand, the incidence of breast cancer in increasing, and breast cancer has become the leading cause of cancer-related death in females worldwide; breast cancer is thought to be related to the increased production of reactive oxygen species, indicating the involvement of GPxs in these processes. Therefore, this article focused on the molecular mechanism and function of GPxs in the occurrence and development of breast cancer to understand their role in breast cancer and to provide a new theoretical basis for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Li Zhang
- Changjiang Scholar's Laboratory/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Hua-Tao Wu
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Wen-Jia Chen
- Changjiang Scholar's Laboratory/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
- Department of Physiology/Cancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Ya Xu
- Changjiang Scholar's Laboratory/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Qian-Qian Ye
- Changjiang Scholar's Laboratory/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
- Department of Physiology/Cancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Jia-Xin Shen
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- Changjiang Scholar's Laboratory/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China.
- Department of Physiology/Cancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China.
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20
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Dong X, Wu D, Zhang Y, Jia L, Pan X, Sun J, Pan LL. Cathelicidin Modulates Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotypic Switching through ROS/IL-6 Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9060491. [PMID: 32516877 PMCID: PMC7346167 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9060491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) are stromal cells of the blood vessels and their differentiation is thought to be essential during atherosclerosis. Cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptides (CRAMP) are suggested to play a role in the development of atherosclerosis. Even so, the relationship of CRAMP and VSMC remains unclear. The present study was to determine whether CRAMP regulates VSMC phenotypic transformation and underlying mechanisms. We demonstrated that CRAMP could reverse platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB)-induced VSMC phenotypic transformation, evidencing by increasing α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), smooth muscle 22α (SM22α) and decreasing of proliferation and migration. Further studies showed that CRAMP inhibited nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)-induced autocrine of interleukin-6 (IL-6), which further activated of janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator 3 (STAT3). Meanwhile, our data showed that CRAMP can significantly inhibit PDGF-BB enhanced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level which further affected the NF-κB signaling pathway, indicating that CRAMP can regulate the phenotypic transformation of VSMC by regulating oxidative stress. These results indicated that CRAMP regulated the differentiation of VSMC by inhibiting ROS-mediated IL-6 autocrine, suggesting that targeting CRAMP is a potential avenue for regulating the differentiation of VSMC and treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang Dong
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China; (X.D.); (D.W.); (L.J.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China; (Y.Z.); (X.P.)
| | - Di Wu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China; (X.D.); (D.W.); (L.J.)
| | - Yihan Zhang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China; (Y.Z.); (X.P.)
| | - Lingling Jia
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China; (X.D.); (D.W.); (L.J.)
| | - Xiaohua Pan
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China; (Y.Z.); (X.P.)
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia Sun
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China; (Y.Z.); (X.P.)
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (L.-L.P.); Tel.: +86-510-85197370 (J.S.); +86-510-85328363 (L.-L.P.)
| | - Li-Long Pan
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China; (X.D.); (D.W.); (L.J.)
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (L.-L.P.); Tel.: +86-510-85197370 (J.S.); +86-510-85328363 (L.-L.P.)
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