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Lund H, Hunt MA, Kurtović Z, Sandor K, Kägy PB, Fereydouni N, Julien A, Göritz C, Vazquez-Liebanas E, Andaloussi Mäe M, Jurczak A, Han J, Zhu K, Harris RA, Lampa J, Graversen JH, Etzerodt A, Haglund L, Yaksh TL, Svensson CI. CD163+ macrophages monitor enhanced permeability at the blood-dorsal root ganglion barrier. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20230675. [PMID: 38117255 PMCID: PMC10733632 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20230675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In dorsal root ganglia (DRG), macrophages reside close to sensory neurons and have largely been explored in the context of pain, nerve injury, and repair. However, we discovered that most DRG macrophages interact with and monitor the vasculature by sampling macromolecules from the blood. Characterization of the DRG vasculature revealed a specialized endothelial bed that transformed in molecular, structural, and permeability properties along the arteriovenous axis and was covered by macrophage-interacting pericytes and fibroblasts. Macrophage phagocytosis spatially aligned with peak endothelial permeability, a process regulated by enhanced caveolar transcytosis in endothelial cells. Profiling the DRG immune landscape revealed two subsets of perivascular macrophages with distinct transcriptome, turnover, and function. CD163+ macrophages self-maintained locally, specifically participated in vasculature monitoring, displayed distinct responses during peripheral inflammation, and were conserved in mouse and man. Our work provides a molecular explanation for the permeability of the blood-DRG barrier and identifies an unappreciated role of macrophages as integral components of the DRG-neurovascular unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Lund
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Matthew A. Hunt
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zerina Kurtović
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Kancera AB, Karolinska Institutet Science Park, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katalin Sandor
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paul B. Kägy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Noah Fereydouni
- Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anais Julien
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christian Göritz
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisa Vazquez-Liebanas
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maarja Andaloussi Mäe
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Alexandra Jurczak
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jinming Han
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Keying Zhu
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Robert A. Harris
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jon Lampa
- Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Anders Etzerodt
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lisbet Haglund
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Tony L. Yaksh
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Camilla I. Svensson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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2
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Ye S, Agalave NM, Ma F, D Mahmood DF, Al-Grety A, Khoonsari PE, Svensson CI, Kultima K, Vera PL. Lumbosacral spinal proteomic changes during PAR4-induced persistent bladder pain. Neurosci Lett 2024; 818:137563. [PMID: 38036085 PMCID: PMC10929774 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Repeated intravesical activation of protease-activated receptor-4 (PAR4) in mice results in persistent bladder hyperalgesia (BHA). We investigated spinal proteomic changes associated with persistent BHA. Persistent BHA was induced in female mice by repeated (3x; days 0,2,4; n = 9) intravesical instillation of PAR4 activating peptide (PAR4-AP) while scrambled peptide served as the control (no pain; n = 9) group. The threshold to lower abdominal von Frey stimulation was recorded prior to and during treatment. On day 7, L6-S1 spinal segments were excised and examined for proteomic changes using LC-MS/MS. In-depth, unbiased proteomic tandem-mass tag (TMT) analysis identified and relatively quantified 6739 proteins. We identified significant changes with 29 decreasing and 51 increasing proteins in the persistent BHA group and they were associated with neuroprotection, redox modulation, mitochondrial factors, and neuronal-related proteins. In an additional experiment, decreases in protein levels were confirmed by immunohistochemistry for metallothionein 1/2. Our results show that persistent bladder pain is associated with central (spinal) protein changes. Previous work showed that PAR4-induced bladder pain is mediated, at least in part by spinal MIF. Further functional studies of these top changing proteins may lead to the discovery of novel potential therapeutic targets at the spinal level to modulate persistent bladder pain. Future studies will examine the effect of spinal MIF antagonism on PAR4-induced spinal proteomics associated with persistent bladder pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojing Ye
- Lexington VA Health Care System, Research and Development, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Nilesh M Agalave
- Uppsala University, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fei Ma
- Lexington VA Health Care System, Research and Development, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Dlovan F D Mahmood
- Lexington VA Health Care System, Research and Development, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Asma Al-Grety
- Uppsala University, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Payam Emani Khoonsari
- Uppsala University, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Camila I Svensson
- Karolinska Institutet, Depts of Physiology & Pharmacology Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kim Kultima
- Uppsala University, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Pedro L Vera
- Lexington VA Health Care System, Research and Development, Lexington, KY, USA; University of Kentucky, Dept of Physiology Department of Physiology, Lexington, KY, USA
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3
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Wu PZ, Yao J, Meng B, Qin YB, Cao S. Blood-nerve barrier enhances chronic postsurgical pain via the HIF-1α/ aquaporin-1 signaling axis. BMC Anesthesiol 2023; 23:381. [PMID: 37990154 PMCID: PMC10662690 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-023-02306-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood nerve barrier (BNB) participates in the development of neuropathic pain. AQP1 is involved in peripheral pain perception and is negatively correlated with HIF-1α phenotype, which regulates endothelial permeability. However, the role of HIF-1α-AQP1-mediated BNB dysfunction in Chronic Postsurgical Pain (CPSP) has not been reported. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into 5 groups: (i) Naive group; (ii) Sham group; (iii) SMIR group: skin/muscle incision and retraction for one hour. Behavioral tests were performed for the three groups, BNB vascular permeability and western blotting were conducted to determine HIF-1α and AQP1 protein expression. (iv) The SMIR + HIF-1α inhibitor group; (v) SMIR + DMSO group. Rats in the two groups were administered with HIF-1α inhibitor (2ME2) or DMSO intraperitoneally on the third day post-SMIR surgery followed by performance of behavioral tests, BNB permeability assessment, and determination of HIF-1α, AQP1 and NF200 protein levels. RESULTS The permeability of BNB was significantly increased and the expression of AQP1 was downregulated on the 3rd and 7th days post-operation. AQP1 is mainly located in neurons and NF200, CGRP-positive nerve fibers. HIF-1α was highly expressed on the third day post-operation. HIF-1α inhibitor reversed the decrease in AQP1 expression and increase in NF200 expression, barrier permeability and hyperalgesia induced by SMIR on the 3rd day post-surgery. CONCLUSIONS Early dysfunction of BNB mediated by HIF-1α/AQP1 activated by SMIR may be an important mechanism to promote acute postoperative painful transformation of CPSP. Preadaptive protection of endothelial cells around nerve substructures may be an important countermeasure to inhibit CPSP transformation. Early impairment of BNB function mediated by HIF-1α/AQP1 activated by SMIR may be an important mechanism for promoting acute postoperative pain transformation of CPSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Zhi Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital and Medical School of Nantong University, No. 20 Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ju Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital and Medical School of Nantong University, No. 20 Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bei Meng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital and Medical School of Nantong University, No. 20 Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi-Bin Qin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital and Medical School of Nantong University, No. 20 Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Su Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital and Medical School of Nantong University, No. 20 Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
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Bennet BM, Pardo ID, Assaf BT, Buza E, Cramer SD, Crawford LK, Engelhardt JA, Galbreath EJ, Grubor B, Morrison JP, Osborne TS, Sharma AK, Bolon B. Scientific and Regulatory Policy Committee Technical Review: Biology and Pathology of Ganglia in Animal Species Used for Nonclinical Safety Testing. Toxicol Pathol 2023; 51:278-305. [PMID: 38047294 DOI: 10.1177/01926233231213851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Dorsal root ganglia (DRG), trigeminal ganglia (TG), other sensory ganglia, and autonomic ganglia may be injured by some test article classes, including anti-neoplastic chemotherapeutics, adeno-associated virus-based gene therapies, antisense oligonucleotides, nerve growth factor inhibitors, and aminoglycoside antibiotics. This article reviews ganglion anatomy, cytology, and pathology (emphasizing sensory ganglia) among common nonclinical species used in assessing product safety for such test articles (TAs). Principal histopathologic findings associated with sensory ganglion injury include neuron degeneration, necrosis, and/or loss; increased satellite glial cell and/or Schwann cell numbers; and leukocyte infiltration and/or inflammation. Secondary nerve fiber degeneration and/or glial reactions may occur in nerves, dorsal spinal nerve roots, spinal cord (dorsal and occasionally lateral funiculi), and sometimes the brainstem. Ganglion findings related to TA administration may result from TA exposure and/or trauma related to direct TA delivery into the central nervous system or ganglia. In some cases, TA-related effects may need to be differentiated from a spectrum of artifactual and/or spontaneous background changes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Elizabeth Buza
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - James P Morrison
- Charles River Laboratories, Inc., Shrewsbury, Massachusetts, USA
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Fang Z, Ding Y, Xue Z, Li P, Li J, Li F. Roles of exosomes as drug delivery systems in cancer immunotherapy: a mini-review. Discov Oncol 2022; 13:74. [PMID: 35962862 PMCID: PMC9375799 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-022-00539-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes can be released by a variety of cells and participate in intercellular communication in many physiological processes in the body. They can be used as carriers of cancer therapeutic drugs and have natural delivery capabilities. Some biologically active substances on exosomes, such as major histocompatibility complex (MHC), have been shown to be involved in exosome-mediated anticancer immune responses and have important regulatory effects on the immune system. Exosome-based drug delivery systems hold great promise in future cancer immunotherapy. However, there are still substantial challenges to be overcome in the clinical application of exosomes as drug carriers. This article reviews the biological characteristics of exosome drug delivery systems and their potential applications and challenges in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Fang
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yixuan Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Zhigang Xue
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Peijuan Li
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
| | - Jia Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Fei Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
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6
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Reinhold AK, Salvador E, Förster CY, Birklein F, Rittner HL. Microvascular Barrier Protection by microRNA-183 via FoxO1 Repression: A Pathway Disturbed in Neuropathy and Complex Regional Pain Syndrome. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2022; 23:967-980. [PMID: 34974173 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2021.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Blood nerve barrier disruption and edema are common in neuropathic pain as well as in complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). MicroRNAs (miRNA) are epigenetic multitarget switches controlling neuronal and non-neuronal cells in pain. The miR-183 complex attenuates hyperexcitability in nociceptors, but additional non-neuronal effects via transcription factors could contribute as well. This study explored exosomal miR-183 in CRPS and murine neuropathy, its effect on the microvascular barrier via transcription factor FoxO1 and tight junction protein claudin-5, and its antihyperalgesic potential. Sciatic miR-183 decreased after CCI. Substitution with perineural miR-183 mimic attenuated mechanical hypersensitivity and restored blood nerve barrier function. In vitro, serum from CCI mice und CRPS patients weakened the microvascular barrier of murine cerebellar endothelial cells, increased active FoxO1 and reduced claudin-5, concomitant with a lack of exosomal miR-183 in CRPS patients. Cellular stress also compromised the microvascular barrier which was rescued either by miR-183 mimic via FoxO1 repression or by prior silencing of Foxo1. PERSPECTIVE: Low miR-183 leading to barrier impairment via FoxO1 and subsequent claudin-5 suppression is a new aspect in the pathophysiology of CRPS and neuropathic pain. This pathway might help untangle the wide symptomatic range of CRPS and nurture further research into miRNA mimics or FoxO1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Kristin Reinhold
- University Hospital Würzburg, Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency Care and Pain Management, Center for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ellaine Salvador
- University Hospital Würzburg, Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency Care and Pain Management, Center for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine, Würzburg, Germany; University Hospital Würzburg, Department of Neurosurgery, Tumorbiology Laboratory, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Carola Y Förster
- University Hospital Würzburg, Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency Care and Pain Management, Center for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Frank Birklein
- Mainz University Hospitals, Department of Neurology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Heike L Rittner
- University Hospital Würzburg, Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency Care and Pain Management, Center for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine, Würzburg, Germany.
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7
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Kaburagi H, Nagata T, Enomoto M, Hirai T, Ohyagi M, Ihara K, Yoshida-Tanaka K, Ebihara S, Asada K, Yokoyama H, Okawa A, Yokota T. Systemic DNA/RNA heteroduplex oligonucleotide administration for regulating the gene expression of dorsal root ganglion and sciatic nerve. MOLECULAR THERAPY - NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 28:910-919. [PMID: 35694210 PMCID: PMC9167871 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain, a heterogeneous condition, affects 7%–10% of the general population. To date, efficacious and safe therapeutic approaches remain limited. Antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) therapy has opened the door to treat spinal muscular atrophy, with many ongoing clinical studies determining its therapeutic utility. ASO therapy for neuropathic pain and peripheral nerve disease requires efficient gene delivery and knockdown in both the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and sciatic nerve, key tissues for pain signaling. We previously developed a new DNA/RNA heteroduplex oligonucleotide (HDO) technology that achieves highly efficient gene knockdown in the liver. Here, we demonstrated that intravenous injection of HDO, comprising an ASO and its complementary RNA conjugated to α-tocopherol, silences endogenous gene expression more than 2-fold in the DRG, and sciatic nerve with higher potency, efficacy, and broader distribution than ASO alone. Of note, we observed drastic target suppression in all sizes of neuronal DRG populations by in situ hybridization. Our findings establish HDO delivery as an investigative and potentially therapeutic platform for neuropathic pain and peripheral nerve disease.
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Petrova ES, Kolos EA. Current Views on Perineurial Cells: Unique Origin, Structure, Functions. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s002209302201001x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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9
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Ben-Kraiem A, Sauer RS, Norwig C, Popp M, Bettenhausen AL, Atalla MS, Brack A, Blum R, Doppler K, Rittner HL. Selective blood-nerve barrier leakiness with claudin-1 and vessel-associated macrophage loss in diabetic polyneuropathy. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 99:1237-1250. [PMID: 34018017 PMCID: PMC8367905 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02091-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) is the most common complication in diabetes and can be painful in up to 26% of all diabetic patients. Peripheral nerves are shielded by the blood-nerve barrier (BNB) consisting of the perineurium and endoneurial vessels. So far, there are conflicting results regarding the role and function of the BNB in the pathophysiology of DPN. In this study, we analyzed the spatiotemporal tight junction protein profile, barrier permeability, and vessel-associated macrophages in Wistar rats with streptozotocin-induced DPN. In these rats, mechanical hypersensitivity developed after 2 weeks and loss of motor function after 8 weeks, while the BNB and the blood-DRG barrier were leakier for small, but not for large molecules after 8 weeks only. The blood-spinal cord barrier remained sealed throughout the observation period. No gross changes in tight junction protein or cytokine expression were observed in all barriers to blood. However, expression of Cldn1 mRNA in perineurium was specifically downregulated in conjunction with weaker vessel-associated macrophage shielding of the BNB. Our results underline the role of specific tight junction proteins and BNB breakdown in DPN maintenance and differentiate DPN from traumatic nerve injury. Targeting claudins and sealing the BNB could stabilize pain and prevent further nerve damage. KEY MESSAGES: • In diabetic painful neuropathy in rats: • Blood nerve barrier and blood DRG barrier are leaky for micromolecules. • Perineurial Cldn1 sealing the blood nerve barrier is specifically downregulated. • Endoneurial vessel-associated macrophages are also decreased. • These changes occur after onset of hyperalgesia thereby maintaining rather than inducing pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Ben-Kraiem
- Center for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Würzburg, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Reine-Solange Sauer
- Center for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Würzburg, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Carla Norwig
- Center for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Würzburg, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maria Popp
- Center for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Würzburg, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anna-Lena Bettenhausen
- Center for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Würzburg, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Mariam Sobhy Atalla
- Center for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Würzburg, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Brack
- Center for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Würzburg, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Robert Blum
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital of Würzburg, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Würzburg, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Kathrin Doppler
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Würzburg, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Heike Lydia Rittner
- Center for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Würzburg, 97080, Würzburg, Germany.
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Abu-Zeid EH, Khalifa BA, Elewa YHA, Arisha AH, Ismail TA, Hendam BM, Abdel-Hamid SE. Bee venom Apis mellifera lamarckii rescues blood brain barrier damage and neurobehavioral changes induced by methyl mercury via regulating tight junction proteins expression in rat cerebellum. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 154:112309. [PMID: 34062221 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the current study is to investigate the protective effect of Egyptian bee venom (BV) against methyl mercury chloride (MMC) induced blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage and neurobehavioral changes. Eighty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly grouped into 1st control (C), 2nd BV (0.5 mg/kg S/C for14 days), 3rd MMC (6.7 mg/kg orally/14 days), and 4th MMC + BV group. MMC exposure significantly altered rat cognitive behavior, auditory startle habituation, and swimming performance, increased the exploratory, grooming, and stereotypic behavior. MMC significantly impaired BBB integrity via induction of inflammation, oxidative stress, and down-regulation of tight junction proteins genes (TJPs) mRNA expression levels: Occludin (OCC), Claudins-5 (CLDN5), Zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), while up-regulated the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) mRNA expression levels. MMC revealed a significantly higher percentage of IgG positive area ratio, a higher index ratio of Iba1, Sox10, and ss-DNA, while index ratio of CD31, neurofilament, and pan neuron showed a significant reduction. Administration of BV significantly regulates the MMC altered behavioral responses, TJPs relative mRNA expression, and the immune-expression markers for specific neural cell types. It could be concluded for the first time that BV retains a promising in vivo protection against MMC-induced BBB dysfunction and neurobehavioral toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan H Abu-Zeid
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Egypt.
| | - Bouthaina A Khalifa
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, 12211, Egypt
| | - Yaser H A Elewa
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Egypt; Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Ahmed H Arisha
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Tamer A Ismail
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Turabah University College, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basma M Hendam
- Department of Husbandry and Development of Animal Wealth, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Shereen El Abdel-Hamid
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
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11
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Zhang K, Wang J, Xi H, Li L, Lou Z. Investigation of Neuroprotective Effects of Erythropoietin on Chronic Neuropathic Pain in a Chronic Constriction Injury Rat Model. J Pain Res 2020; 13:3147-3155. [PMID: 33311994 PMCID: PMC7725095 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s285870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Neuropathic pain is pretty common in modern society, and the treatment effect is far from satisfactory. This study aimed to find evidence of the neuroprotective effect of erythropoietin (EPO) in the treatment of neuropathic pain in a rat model of chronic constriction injury (CCI). Methods A total of 30 rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, CCI group, or CCI+EPO group. The mechanical and thermal nociception thresholds are evaluated as behavioral assessments. The dorsal root ganglion cells were morphologically evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining, and AMPK, p-AMPK, mTOR, p70S6K, and AQP-2 proteins were compared and analyzed by Western blotting. Compared with the sham operation group, rats in the CCI group had shorter paw withdrawal threshold and paw withdrawal latency, abnormal morphology, and increased satellite glial cells. Results After treatment with EPO, these changes were significantly reversed. In vivo administration of erythropoietin seems to be able to regulate the expression of AQP-2 through the AMPK/mTOR/p70S6K pathway. Our study provides behavioral, morphological, and immunoblot evidence to prove the neuroprotective effect of EPO in the treatment of chronic neuropathic pain in the CCI rat model. Conclusion Our results indicate that EPO has the potential to treat neuropathic pain caused by peripheral nerve injury, although further verification is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyang Xi
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Lepeng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaohui Lou
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, People's Republic of China
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Dannhäuser S, Lux TJ, Hu C, Selcho M, Chen JTC, Ehmann N, Sachidanandan D, Stopp S, Pauls D, Pawlak M, Langenhan T, Soba P, Rittner HL, Kittel RJ. Antinociceptive modulation by the adhesion GPCR CIRL promotes mechanosensory signal discrimination. eLife 2020; 9:e56738. [PMID: 32996461 PMCID: PMC7546736 DOI: 10.7554/elife.56738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Adhesion-type GPCRs (aGPCRs) participate in a vast range of physiological processes. Their frequent association with mechanosensitive functions suggests that processing of mechanical stimuli may be a common feature of this receptor family. Previously, we reported that the Drosophila aGPCR CIRL sensitizes sensory responses to gentle touch and sound by amplifying signal transduction in low-threshold mechanoreceptors (Scholz et al., 2017). Here, we show that Cirl is also expressed in high-threshold mechanical nociceptors where it adjusts nocifensive behaviour under physiological and pathological conditions. Optogenetic in vivo experiments indicate that CIRL lowers cAMP levels in both mechanosensory submodalities. However, contrasting its role in touch-sensitive neurons, CIRL dampens the response of nociceptors to mechanical stimulation. Consistent with this finding, rat nociceptors display decreased Cirl1 expression during allodynia. Thus, cAMP-downregulation by CIRL exerts opposing effects on low-threshold mechanosensors and high-threshold nociceptors. This intriguing bipolar action facilitates the separation of mechanosensory signals carrying different physiological information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Dannhäuser
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology, Leipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany
- Carl-Ludwig-Institute for Physiology, Leipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany
| | - Thomas J Lux
- Center for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine, Department of Anaesthesiology, University Hospital WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Chun Hu
- Neuronal Patterning and Connectivity, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburgGermany
| | - Mareike Selcho
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology, Leipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany
- Carl-Ludwig-Institute for Physiology, Leipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany
| | - Jeremy T-C Chen
- Center for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine, Department of Anaesthesiology, University Hospital WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Nadine Ehmann
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology, Leipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany
- Carl-Ludwig-Institute for Physiology, Leipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany
| | - Divya Sachidanandan
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology, Leipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany
- Carl-Ludwig-Institute for Physiology, Leipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany
| | - Sarah Stopp
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology, Leipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany
- Carl-Ludwig-Institute for Physiology, Leipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany
| | - Dennis Pauls
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology, Leipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany
- Carl-Ludwig-Institute for Physiology, Leipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany
| | - Matthias Pawlak
- Department of Neurophysiology, Institute of Physiology, University of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Tobias Langenhan
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Division of General Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Leipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany
| | - Peter Soba
- Neuronal Patterning and Connectivity, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburgGermany
| | - Heike L Rittner
- Center for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine, Department of Anaesthesiology, University Hospital WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Robert J Kittel
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology, Leipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany
- Carl-Ludwig-Institute for Physiology, Leipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany
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13
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Special Issue on "The Tight Junction and Its Proteins: More than Just a Barrier". Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134612. [PMID: 32610530 PMCID: PMC7370070 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
For a long time, the tight junction (TJ) was known to form and regulate the paracellular barrier between epithelia and endothelial cell sheets. Starting shortly after the discovery of the proteins forming the TJ—mainly, the two families of claudins and TAMPs—several other functions have been discovered, a striking one being the surprising finding that some claudins form paracellular channels for small ions and/or water. This Special Issue covers numerous dedicated topics including pathogens affecting the TJ barrier, TJ regulation via immune cells, the TJ as a therapeutic target, TJ and cell polarity, the function of and regulation by proteins of the tricellular TJ, the TJ as a regulator of cellular processes, organ- and tissue-specific functions, TJs as sensors and reactors to environmental conditions, and last, but not least, TJ proteins and cancer. It is not surprising that due to this diversity of topics and functions, the still-young field of TJ research is growing fast. This Editorial gives an introduction to all 43 papers of the Special Issue in a structured topical order.
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Stubbs EB. Targeting the blood-nerve barrier for the management of immune-mediated peripheral neuropathies. Exp Neurol 2020; 331:113385. [PMID: 32562668 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Healthy peripheral nerves encounter, with increased frequency, numerous chemical, biological, and biomechanical forces. Over time and with increasing age, these forces collectively contribute to the pathophysiology of a spectrum of traumatic, metabolic, and/or immune-mediated peripheral nerve disorders. The blood-nerve barrier (BNB) serves as a critical first-line defense against chemical and biologic insults while biomechanical forces are continuously buffered by a dense array of longitudinally orientated epineural collagen fibers exhibiting high-tensile strength. As emphasized throughout this Experimental Neurology Special Issue, the BNB is best characterized as a functionally dynamic multicellular vascular unit comprised of not only highly specialized endoneurial endothelial cells, but also associated perineurial cells, pericytes, Schwann cells, basement membrane, and invested axons. The composition of the BNB, while anatomically distinct, is not functionally dissimilar to that of the well characterized neurovascular unit of the central nervous system. While the BNB lacks a glial limitans and an astrocytic endfoot layer, the primary function of both vascular units is to establish, maintain, and protect an optimal endoneurial (PNS) or interstitial (CNS) fluid microenvironment that is vital for proper neuronal function. Altered endoneurial homeostasis as a secondary consequence of BNB dysregulation is considered an early pathological event in the course of a variety of traumatic, immune-mediated, or metabolically acquired peripheral neuropathies. In this review, emerging experimental advancements targeting the endoneurial microvasculature for the therapeutic management of immune-mediated inflammatory peripheral neuropathies, including the AIDP variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan B Stubbs
- Research Service (151), Department of Veterans Affairs, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, IL 60141, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Loyola University Health Science Division, Maywood, IL 60153, USA.
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15
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Ugrenović S, Jovanović I, Kundalić B, Stojanović V, Pavlović M, Antović A, Milić M, Kokoris JČ. Morphometric analysis of the epineurial and endoneurial blood vessels of the human sciatic nerve in relation to aging. Tissue Cell 2020; 66:101389. [PMID: 32933712 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2020.101389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this research is to perform an analysis of the epineurial and endoneurial blood vessels in relation to aging. The research is conducted on samples of the human sciatic nerve of 12 case (age from 27 to 89). The histological sections are stained by streptavidin-biotin method of detecting the presence of Type IV collagen. After morphometric analysis the following stereological parameters have been calculated: the number of blood vessels per unit of area, the volume density of the blood vessels and the surface density of the blood vessels of the epineurium and endoneurium. An additional diameter measurement is performed for the endoneural blood vessels. In order to perform a more detailed analysis, the cases were classified into three age groups, the first (27-48 years), the second (49-70 years) and, the third (over 70 years). The bivariate correlation analysis showed that the number of blood vessels of the endoneurium, their volume and surface densities in relation to age produced a statistically significant positive correlation. One Way ANOVA test demonstrated a statistically significant increase in the number of endoneurial blood vessels in the age group III when compared the age group I and, in addition, it showed a significant decrease in the diameter of the age group II when compared to the age group I. Paired t - test shows a statistically significant higher number of endoneurial blood vessels in relation to the epineurial, namely, in the age group III. The volume and surface density of the epineurial blood vessels is significantly higher than the endoneurial in both the I and II age group. Age brings about significant changes of the endoneurial vascular network of the sciatic nerve due to the increase in density of the endoneurial blood vessels, their volume and surface densities. Consequently, in the cases older than 70 years, the number of endoneurial blood vessels significantly exceeds the number of epineurial blood vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ivan Jovanović
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Serbia
| | - Braca Kundalić
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Serbia
| | - Vesna Stojanović
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Serbia
| | - Miljana Pavlović
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Antović
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Serbia
| | - Miroslav Milić
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Serbia
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16
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Reinhold AK, Rittner HL. Characteristics of the nerve barrier and the blood dorsal root ganglion barrier in health and disease. Exp Neurol 2020; 327:113244. [PMID: 32057794 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A variety of barriers ensures the protection of the peripheral nervous system from noxious blood-borne or surrounding stimuli. In this review, anatomy and functioning of the blood nerve barrier (BNB) and the blood DRG barrier (BDB) will be presented and key tight junction proteins described: ZO-1, claudin-1, -3, -5, -11, -12, -19, occludin, and tricellulin. Different diseases can lead to or be accompanied by nerve barrier disruption; impairment of nerve barriers in turn worsens pathology. Peripheral nerve injury, diabetic neuropathy and inflammatory polyneuropathy cause an increased permeability of BNB and BDB. Knowledge and understanding of these mechanisms might ultimately lead to the invention of drugs to control barrier function and help ameliorating neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Reinhold
- Dept Anesthesiology, Center for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine, University Hospitals Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - H L Rittner
- Dept Anesthesiology, Center for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine, University Hospitals Wuerzburg, Germany.
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