1
|
Moore GJ, Ridway H, Gadanec LK, Apostolopoulos V, Zulli A, Swiderski J, Kelaidonis K, Vidali VP, Matsoukas MT, Chasapis CT, Matsoukas JM. Structural Features Influencing the Bioactive Conformation of Angiotensin II and Angiotensin A: Relationship between Receptor Desensitization, Addiction, and the Blood-Brain Barrier. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5779. [PMID: 38891966 PMCID: PMC11171751 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The N-terminal portion of the octapeptide angiotensin II (DRVYIHPF; AngII), a vasopressor peptide that favorably binds to, and activates, AngII type 1 receptor (AT1R), has an important role in maintaining bioactive conformation. It involves all three charged groups, namely (i) the N-terminal amino group cation, (ii) the Asp sidechain anion and (iii) the Arg guanidino cation. Neutralization of any one of these three charged groups results in a substantial reduction (<5%) in bioactivity, implicating a specialized function for this cluster. In contrast, angiotensin A (ARVYIHPF; AngA) has reduced bioactivity at AT1R; however, replacement of Asp in AngII with sarcosine (N-methyl-glycine) not only restores bioactivity but increases the activity of agonist, antagonist, and inverse agonist analogues. A bend produced at the N-terminus by the introduction of the secondary amino acid sarcosine is thought to realign the functional groups that chaperone the C-terminal portion of AngII, allowing transfer of the negative charge originating at the C-terminus to be transferred to the Tyr hydroxyl-forming tyrosinate anion, which is required to activate the receptor and desensitizes the receptor (tachyphylaxis). Peptide (sarilesin) and nonpeptide (sartans) moieties, which are long-acting inverse agonists, appear to desensitize the receptor by a mechanism analogous to tachyphylaxis. Sartans/bisartans were found to bind to alpha adrenergic receptors resulting in structure-dependent desensitization or resensitization. These considerations have provided information on the mechanisms of receptor desensitization/tolerance and insights into possible avenues for treating addiction. In this regard sartans, which appear to cross the blood-brain barrier more readily than bisartans, are the preferred drug candidates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Graham J. Moore
- Pepmetics Inc., 772 Murphy Place, Victoria, BC V8Y 3H4, Canada;
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Harry Ridway
- Institute for Sustainable Industries and Liveable Cities, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia;
| | - Laura Kate Gadanec
- Institute for Health and Sport, Immunology and Translational Research, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3030, Australia; (L.K.G.); (V.A.); (A.Z.); (J.S.)
| | - Vasso Apostolopoulos
- Institute for Health and Sport, Immunology and Translational Research, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3030, Australia; (L.K.G.); (V.A.); (A.Z.); (J.S.)
- Immunology Program, Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Melbourne, VIC 3021, Australia
| | - Anthony Zulli
- Institute for Health and Sport, Immunology and Translational Research, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3030, Australia; (L.K.G.); (V.A.); (A.Z.); (J.S.)
| | - Jordan Swiderski
- Institute for Health and Sport, Immunology and Translational Research, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3030, Australia; (L.K.G.); (V.A.); (A.Z.); (J.S.)
| | | | - Veroniki P. Vidali
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, 15341 Athens, Greece;
| | | | - Christos T. Chasapis
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece;
| | - John M. Matsoukas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Institute for Health and Sport, Immunology and Translational Research, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3030, Australia; (L.K.G.); (V.A.); (A.Z.); (J.S.)
- NewDrug/NeoFar PC, Patras Science Park, 26504 Patras, Greece;
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Meschi E, Duquenoy L, Otto N, Dempsey G, Waddell S. Compensatory enhancement of input maintains aversive dopaminergic reinforcement in hungry Drosophila. Neuron 2024:S0896-6273(24)00325-8. [PMID: 38795709 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Hungry animals need compensatory mechanisms to maintain flexible brain function, while modulation reconfigures circuits to prioritize resource seeking. In Drosophila, hunger inhibits aversively reinforcing dopaminergic neurons (DANs) to permit the expression of food-seeking memories. Multitasking the reinforcement system for motivation potentially undermines aversive learning. We find that chronic hunger mildly enhances aversive learning and that satiated-baseline and hunger-enhanced learning require endocrine adipokinetic hormone (AKH) signaling. Circulating AKH influences aversive learning via its receptor in four neurons in the ventral brain, two of which are octopaminergic. Connectomics revealed AKH receptor-expressing neurons to be upstream of several classes of ascending neurons, many of which are presynaptic to aversively reinforcing DANs. Octopaminergic modulation of and output from at least one of these ascending pathways is required for shock- and bitter-taste-reinforced aversive learning. We propose that coordinated enhancement of input compensates for hunger-directed inhibition of aversive DANs to preserve reinforcement when required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Meschi
- University of Oxford, Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, Tinsley Building, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3SR, UK
| | - Lucille Duquenoy
- University of Oxford, Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, Tinsley Building, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3SR, UK
| | - Nils Otto
- University of Oxford, Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, Tinsley Building, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3SR, UK
| | - Georgia Dempsey
- University of Oxford, Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, Tinsley Building, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3SR, UK
| | - Scott Waddell
- University of Oxford, Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, Tinsley Building, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3SR, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hou G, Hao M, Duan J, Han MH. The Formation and Function of the VTA Dopamine System. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3875. [PMID: 38612683 PMCID: PMC11011984 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The midbrain dopamine system is a sophisticated hub that integrates diverse inputs to control multiple physiological functions, including locomotion, motivation, cognition, reward, as well as maternal and reproductive behaviors. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that binds to G-protein-coupled receptors. Dopamine also works together with other neurotransmitters and various neuropeptides to maintain the balance of synaptic functions. The dysfunction of the dopamine system leads to several conditions, including Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, major depression, schizophrenia, and drug addiction. The ventral tegmental area (VTA) has been identified as an important relay nucleus that modulates homeostatic plasticity in the midbrain dopamine system. Due to the complexity of synaptic transmissions and input-output connections in the VTA, the structure and function of this crucial brain region are still not fully understood. In this review article, we mainly focus on the cell types, neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, ion channels, receptors, and neural circuits of the VTA dopamine system, with the hope of obtaining new insight into the formation and function of this vital brain region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Hou
- Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China (M.H.); (J.D.)
- Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Mei Hao
- Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China (M.H.); (J.D.)
- Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jiawen Duan
- Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China (M.H.); (J.D.)
- Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ming-Hu Han
- Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China (M.H.); (J.D.)
- Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kielbinski M, Bernacka J, Zajda K, Wawrzczak-Bargieła A, Maćkowiak M, Przewlocki R, Solecki W. Acute stress modulates noradrenergic signaling in the ventral tegmental area-amygdalar circuit. J Neurochem 2023; 164:598-612. [PMID: 36161462 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Noradrenergic neurotransmission is a critical mediator of stress responses. In turn, exposure to stress induces noradrenergic system adaptations, some of which are implicated in the etiology of stress-related disorders. Adrenergic receptors (ARs) in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) have been demonstrated to regulate phasic dopamine (DA) release in the forebrain, necessary for behavioral responses to conditional cues. However, the impact of stress on noradrenergic modulation of the VTA has not been previously explored. We demonstrate that ARs in the VTA regulate dopaminergic activity in the VTA-BLA (basolateral amygdala) circuit, a key system for processing stress-related stimuli; and that such control is altered by acute stress. We utilized fast-scan cyclic voltammetry to assess the effects of intra-VTA microinfusion of α1 -AR and α2 -AR antagonists (terazosin and RX-821002, respectively), on electrically evoked phasic DA release in the BLA in stress-naïve and stressed (unavoidable electric shocks - UES) anesthetized male Sprague-Dawley rats. In addition, we used western blotting to explore UES-induced alterations in AR protein level in the VTA. Intra-VTA terazosin or RX-821002 dose-dependently attenuated DA release in the BLA. Interestingly, UES decreased the effects of intra-VTA α2 -AR blockade on DA release (24 h but not 7 days after stress), while the effects of terazosin were unchanged. Despite changes in α2 -AR physiological function in the VTA, UES did not alter α2 -AR protein levels in either intracellular or membrane fractions. These findings demonstrate that NA-ergic modulation of the VTA-BLA circuit undergoes significant alterations in response to acute stress, with α2 -AR signaling indicated as a key target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Kielbinski
- Department of Neurobiology and Neuropsychology, Jagiellonian University, Institute of Applied Psychology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Bernacka
- Department of Neurobiology and Neuropsychology, Jagiellonian University, Institute of Applied Psychology, Krakow, Poland.,Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Brain Biostructure, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Zajda
- Department of Neurobiology and Neuropsychology, Jagiellonian University, Institute of Applied Psychology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Wawrzczak-Bargieła
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Brain Biostructure, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marzena Maćkowiak
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Brain Biostructure, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ryszard Przewlocki
- Department of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Wojciech Solecki
- Department of Neurobiology and Neuropsychology, Jagiellonian University, Institute of Applied Psychology, Krakow, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Effects of isoflurane anesthesia on addictive behaviors in rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2022; 239:3621-3632. [PMID: 36109391 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-022-06236-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Recently, it has been suggested that isoflurane might reduce dopamine release from rat midbrain dopaminergic neurons, the neurobiological substrate implicated in the reinforcing effects of abused drugs and nondrug rewards. However, little is known about effects of isoflurane on neurobehavioral activity associated with chronic exposure to psychoactive substances. OBJECTIVE The present study was designed to investigate the effects of isoflurane on cocaine-reinforced behavior. Using behavioral paradigm in rats, we evaluated the effects of isoflurane on cocaine self-administration under fixed ratio (FR) and progressive ratio (PR) schedules of reinforcement. We also tested the effects of isoflurane on lever responding by nondrug reinforcers (sucrose and food) in drug-naive rats to control for the nonselective effects of isoflurane on cocaine- and nicotine-taking behavior. To further assess the ability of isoflurane to modulate the motivation for taking a drug, we evaluated the effects of isoflurane on nicotine self-administration. Using different groups of rats, the effects of isoflurane on the locomotor activity induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of cocaine (15 mg/kg) were also examined. RESULTS Isoflurane significantly suppressed the self-administration of cocaine and nicotine without affecting food consumption. Unlike food-reinforced responding, responding for sucrose reinforcement was decreased by isoflurane. Isoflurane reduced breaking points under a PR schedule of reinforcement in a dose-dependent manner, indicating its efficacy in decreasing the incentive value of cocaine. Isoflurane also attenuated acute cocaine-induced hyperlocomotion. CONCLUSIONS The results provided evidence that isoflurane decreases cocaine- and nicotine-reinforced responses, while isoflurane effect is not selective for cocaine- and nicotine-maintained responding. These results suggest that isoflurane inhibitions of cocaine- and nicotine-maintenance responses may be related to decreased effects of dopamine, and further investigation will need to elucidate this relationship.
Collapse
|
6
|
Characterisation of methylphenidate-induced excitation in midbrain dopamine neurons, an electrophysiological study in the rat brain. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2022; 112:110406. [PMID: 34339759 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Methylphenidate (MPH) is a drug routinely used for patients with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Concerns arise about psychostimulant use, with dramatic increases in prescriptions. Besides, antipsychotic drugs are often administered in combination with MPH. In this study, we examine the consequences of MPH exposure in combination with dopamine D2 receptor antagonism (eticlopride) on midbrain dopaminergic neurons in anaesthetised rodents, using in vivo extracellular single-cell electrophysiology. As expected, we show that methylphenidate (2 mg/kg, i.v.) decreases the firing and bursting activities of ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine neurons, an effect that is reversed with eticlopride (0.2 mg/kg, i.v.). However, using such a paradigm, we observed higher firing and bursting activities than under baseline conditions. Furthermore, we demonstrate that such an effect is dependent on dual alpha-1 and dopamine D1 receptors, as well as glutamatergic transmission, through glutamate N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor activation. Chronic MPH treatment during adolescence greatly dampens MPH-induced excitatory effects measured at adulthood. To conclude, we demonstrated here that a combination of methylphenidate and a dopamine D2 receptor antagonist produced long-lasting consequences on midbrain dopamine neurons, via glutamatergic-dependent mechanisms.
Collapse
|
7
|
Solecki WB, Kielbinski M, Bernacka J, Gralec K, Klasa A, Pradel K, Rojek-Sito K, Przewłocki R. Alpha 1-adrenergic receptor blockade in the ventral tegmental area attenuates acquisition of cocaine-induced pavlovian associative learning. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:969104. [PMID: 35990723 PMCID: PMC9386374 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.969104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Activity of the alpha1-adrenergic receptor (α1-AR) in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) modulates dopaminergic activity, implying its modulatory role in the behavioral functions of the dopamine (DA) system. Indeed, intra-VTA α1-AR blockade attenuates conditioned stimulus dependent behaviors such as drug seeking responses signifying a role of the noradrenergic signaling in the VTA in conditioned behaviors. Importantly, the role of the VTA α1-AR activity in Pavlovian associative learning with positive outcomes remains unknown. Here, we aimed to examine how intra-VTA α1-AR blockade affects acquisition of cocaine-induced Pavlovian associative learning in the conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm. The impact of α1-AR blockade on cocaine-reinforced operant responding and cocaine-evoked ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) was also studied. In addition, both α1-AR immunoreactivity in the VTA and its role in phasic DA release in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) were assessed. We demonstrated cellular localization of α1-AR expression in the VTA, providing a neuroanatomical substrate for the α1-AR mechanism. We showed that prazosin (α1-AR selective antagonist; 1 μg/0.5 μl) microinfusion attenuated electrically evoked DA transients in the NAc and dose-dependently (0.1-1 μg/0.5 μl) prevented the acquisition of cocaine CPP but did not affect cocaine-reinforced operant responding nor cocaine-induced positive affective state (measured as USVs). We propose that the VTA α1-AR signaling is necessary for the acquisition of Pavlovian associative learning but does not encode hedonic value. Thus, α1-AR signaling in the VTA might underlie salience encoding of environmental stimuli and reflect an ability of alerting/orienting functions, originating from bottom-up information processing to guide behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech B Solecki
- Department of Neurobiology and Neuropsychology, Institute of Applied Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Michał Kielbinski
- Department of Neurobiology and Neuropsychology, Institute of Applied Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Bernacka
- Department of Neurobiology and Neuropsychology, Institute of Applied Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.,Laboratory of Pharmacology and Brain Biostructure, Department of Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Gralec
- Department of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Adam Klasa
- Department of Neurobiology and Neuropsychology, Institute of Applied Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Kamil Pradel
- Department of Neurophysiology and Chronobiology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Karolina Rojek-Sito
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience and Drug Development, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ryszard Przewłocki
- Department of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
He Z, Jiang Y, Gu S, Wu D, Qin D, Feng G, Ma X, Huang JH, Wang F. The Aversion Function of the Limbic Dopaminergic Neurons and Their Roles in Functional Neurological Disorders. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:713762. [PMID: 34616730 PMCID: PMC8488171 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.713762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Freudian theory of conversion suggested that the major symptoms of functional neurological disorders (FNDs) are due to internal conflicts at motivation, especially at the sex drive or libido. FND patients might behave properly at rewarding situations, but they do not know how to behave at aversive situations. Sex drive is the major source of dopamine (DA) release in the limbic area; however, the neural mechanism involved in FND is not clear. Dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons have been shown to play a key role in processing motivation-related information. Recently, DAergic neurons are found to be involved in reward-related prediction error, as well as the prediction of aversive information. Therefore, it is suggested that DA might change the rewarding reactions to aversive reactions at internal conflicts of FND. So DAergic neurons in the limbic areas might induce two major motivational functions: reward and aversion at internal conflicts. This article reviewed the recent advances on studies about DAergic neurons involved in aversive stimulus processing at internal conflicts and summarizes several neural pathways, including four limbic system brain regions, which are involved in the processing of aversion. Then the article discussed the vital function of these neural circuits in addictive behavior, depression treatment, and FNDs. In all, this review provided a prospect for future research on the aversion function of limbic system DA neurons and the therapy of FNDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengming He
- Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yao Jiang
- Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Simeng Gu
- Department of Psychology, Jiangsu University Medical School, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Dandan Wu
- Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Duo Qin
- School of Foreign Languages, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Guangkui Feng
- Department of Neurology, Lianyungang Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xianjun Ma
- Department of Neurology, Lianyungang Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jason H Huang
- Department of Surgery, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, TX, United States
| | - Fushun Wang
- Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Neurology, Lianyungang Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nguyen D, Naffziger EE, Berridge KC. Positive Affect: Nature and brain bases of liking and wanting. Curr Opin Behav Sci 2021; 39:72-78. [PMID: 33748351 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2021.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The positive affect of rewards is an important contributor to well-being. Reward involves components of pleasure 'liking', motivation 'wanting', and learning. 'Liking' refers to the hedonic impact of positive events, with underlying mechanisms that include hedonic hotspots in limbic brain structures that amplify 'liking' reactions. 'Wanting' refers to incentive salience, a motivational process that makes reward cues attractive and able to trigger craving for their reward, mediated by larger dopamine-related mesocorticolimbic networks. Under normal conditions, 'liking' and 'wanting' cohere. However, 'liking' and 'wanting' can be dissociated by alterations in neural signaling, either induced in animal neuroscience laboratories or arising spontaneously in addictions and other affective disorders, which can be detrimental to positive well-being.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Nguyen
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Erin E Naffziger
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Kent C Berridge
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tang HY, Wang CH, Ho HY, Lin JF, Lo CJ, Huang CY, Cheng ML. Characteristic of Metabolic Status in Heart Failure and Its Impact in Outcome Perspective. Metabolites 2020; 10:E437. [PMID: 33138215 PMCID: PMC7692076 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10110437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic alterations have been documented in peripheral tissues in heart failure (HF). Outcomes might be improved by early identification of risk. However, the prognostic information offered is still far from enough. We hypothesized that plasma metabolic profiling potentially provides risk stratification for HF patients. Of 61 patients hospitalized due to acute decompensated HF, 31 developed HF-related events in one year after discharge (Event group), and the other 30 patients did not (Non-event group). The plasma collected during hospital admission was analyzed by an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-TOFMS)-based metabolomic approach. The orthogonal projection to latent structure discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) reveals that the metabolomics profile is able to distinguish between events in HF. Levels of 19 metabolites including acylcarnitines, lysophospholipids, dimethylxanthine, dimethyluric acid, tryptophan, phenylacetylglutamine, and hypoxanthine are significantly different between patients with and without event (p < 0.05). Established risk prediction models of event patients by using receiver operating characteristics analysis reveal that the combination of tetradecenoylcarnitine, dimethylxanthine, phenylacetylglutamine, and hypoxanthine has better discrimination than B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) (AUC 0.871 and 0.602, respectively). These findings suggest that metabolomics-derived metabolic profiling have the potential of identifying patients with high risk of HF-related events and provide insights related to HF outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Yu Tang
- Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan; (H.-Y.T.); (J.-F.L.); (C.-J.L.); (C.-Y.H.)
| | - Chao-Hung Wang
- Heart Failure Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung City 20401, Taiwan;
| | - Hung-Yao Ho
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan;
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Fen Lin
- Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan; (H.-Y.T.); (J.-F.L.); (C.-J.L.); (C.-Y.H.)
| | - Chi-Jen Lo
- Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan; (H.-Y.T.); (J.-F.L.); (C.-J.L.); (C.-Y.H.)
| | - Cheng-Yu Huang
- Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan; (H.-Y.T.); (J.-F.L.); (C.-J.L.); (C.-Y.H.)
| | - Mei-Ling Cheng
- Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan; (H.-Y.T.); (J.-F.L.); (C.-J.L.); (C.-Y.H.)
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|