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Rosochowicz MA, Kulcenty K, Suchorska WM. Exploring the Role of HtrA Family Genes in Cancer: A Systematic Review. Mol Diagn Ther 2024; 28:347-377. [PMID: 38717523 PMCID: PMC11211202 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-024-00712-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE HtrA1, HtrA2, HtrA3 and HtrA4 appear to be involved in the development of pathologies such as cancer. This systematic review reports the results of a literature search performed to compare the expression of HtrA family genes and proteins in cancer versus non-cancer tissues and cell lines, assess relationships between HtrA expression and cancer clinical features in cancer, and analyse the molecular mechanism, by which HtrA family affects cancer. METHODS The literature search was conducted according to the PRISMA statement among four databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Scopus). RESULTS A total of 38 articles met the inclusion criteria and involved the expression of HtrA family members and concerned the effect of HtrA expression on cancer and metastasis development or on the factor that influences it. Additionally, 31 reports were retrieved manually. Most articles highlighted that HtrA1 and HtrA3 exhibited tumour suppressor activity, while HtrA2 was associated with tumour growth and metastasis. There were too few studies to clearly define the role of the HtrA4 protease in tumours. CONCLUSION Although the expression of serine proteases of the HtrA family was dependent on tumour type, stage and the presence of metastases, most articles indicated that HtrA1 and HtrA3 expression in tumours was downregulated compared with healthy tissue or cell lines. The expression of HtrA2 was completely study dependent. The limited number of studies on HtrA4 expression made it impossible to draw conclusions about differences in expression between healthy and tumour tissue. The conclusions drawn from the study suggest that HtrA1 and HtrA3 act as tumour suppressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Anna Rosochowicz
- Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland.
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
| | | | - Wiktoria Maria Suchorska
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Electroradiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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Li Y, Tang M, Dang W, Zhu S, Wang Y. Identification of disulfidptosis-related subtypes, characterization of tumor microenvironment infiltration, and development of a prognosis model in colorectal cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:13995-14014. [PMID: 37543978 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05211-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths, which imposes a significant societal burden. Regular screening and emerging molecular tumor markers have important implications for detecting the progression and development of colorectal cancer. Disulfidptosis is a newly defined type of programmed cell death triggered by abnormal accumulation of disulfide compounds in cells that stimulate disulfide stress. Currently, there is no relevant discussion on this mechanism and colorectal cancer. METHODS We classified the disulfidptosis-related subtypes of colorectal cancer using bioinformatics methods. Through secondary clustering of differentially expressed genes between subtypes, we identified characteristic genes of the disulfidptosis subtype, constructed a prognostic model, and searched for potential biomarkers through clinical validation. RESULTS Using disulfidptosis-related genes collected from the literature, we classified colorectal cancer patients from public databases into three subtypes. The differentially expressed genes between subtypes were clustered into three gene subtypes, and eight characteristic genes were screened to construct a prognostic model. CONCLUSION The disulfidptosis mechanism has important value in the classification of colorectal cancer patients, and characteristic genes selected based on this mechanism can serve as a new potential biological marker for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Mengyao Tang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Dang
- The First College for Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shu Zhu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jingshi Street, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jingshi Street, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Zhang J, Qiao W, Luo Y. Mitochondrial quality control proteases and their modulation for cancer therapy. Med Res Rev 2023; 43:399-436. [PMID: 36208112 DOI: 10.1002/med.21929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria, the main provider of energy in eukaryotic cells, contains more than 1000 different proteins and is closely related to the development of cells. However, damaged proteins impair mitochondrial function, further contributing to several human diseases. Evidence shows mitochondrial proteases are critically important for protein maintenance. Most importantly, quality control enzymes exert a crucial role in the modulation of mitochondrial functions by degrading misfolded, aged, or superfluous proteins. Interestingly, cancer cells thrive under stress conditions that damage proteins, so targeting mitochondrial quality control proteases serves as a novel regulator for cancer cells. Not only that, mitochondrial quality control proteases have been shown to affect mitochondrial dynamics by regulating the morphology of optic atrophy 1 (OPA1), which is closely related to the occurrence and progression of cancer. In this review, we introduce mitochondrial quality control proteases as promising targets and related modulators in cancer therapy with a focus on caseinolytic protease P (ClpP), Lon protease (LonP1), high-temperature requirement protein A2 (HrtA2), and OMA-1. Further, we summarize our current knowledge of the advances in clinical trials for modulators of mitochondrial quality control proteases. Overall, the content proposed above serves to suggest directions for the development of novel antitumor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangnan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenliang Qiao
- Lung Cancer Center, Laboratory of Lung Cancer, Western China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Youfu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Chen M, Yang S, Wu Y, Zhao Z, Zhai X, Dong D. High temperature requirement A1 in cancer: biomarker and therapeutic target. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:513. [PMID: 34563186 PMCID: PMC8466973 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02203-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As the life expectancy of the population increases worldwide, cancer is becoming a substantial public health problem. Considering its recurrence and mortality rates, most cancer cases are difficult to cure. In recent decades, a large number of studies have been carried out on different cancer types; unfortunately, tumor incidence and mortality have not been effectively improved. At present, early diagnostic biomarkers and accurate therapeutic strategies for cancer are lacking. High temperature requirement A1 (HtrA1) is a trypsin-fold serine protease that is also a chymotrypsin-like protease family member originally discovered in bacteria and later discovered in mammalian systems. HtrA1 gene expression is decreased in diverse cancers, and it may play a role as a tumor suppressor for promoting the death of tumor cells. This work aimed to examine the role of HtrA1 as a cell type-specific diagnostic biomarker or as an internal and external regulatory factor of diverse cancers. The findings of this study will facilitate the development of HtrA1 as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222, Zhongshan Road, Xigang District, 116011, Dalian, China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shilei Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222, Zhongshan Road, Xigang District, 116011, Dalian, China
| | - Yu Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222, Zhongshan Road, Xigang District, 116011, Dalian, China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zirui Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222, Zhongshan Road, Xigang District, 116011, Dalian, China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaohan Zhai
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222, Zhongshan Road, Xigang District, 116011, Dalian, China.
| | - Deshi Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222, Zhongshan Road, Xigang District, 116011, Dalian, China.
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Xu J, Lv G, Xu B, Jiang B. Overexpression of UBE2M through Wnt/β-Catenin signaling is associated with poor prognosis and chemotherapy resistance in colorectal cancer. Transl Cancer Res 2020; 9:5614-5625. [PMID: 35117925 PMCID: PMC8797438 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-20-2641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background The expression of ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 M (UBE2M) is elevated in colorectal carcinoma (CRC). However, the underlying mechanisms and effects of UBE2M on the prognosis and drug resistance in CRC have not been investigated. Methods CRC specimens and adjacent normal tissues were collected from 74 patients. The expression of UBE2M was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemistry. Multivariable cox regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors for overall survival in clinical CRC patients. Human colorectal cancer cell lines HCT116 and SW480 were transfected with specific UBE2M small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) or plasmid to either suppress or increase the expression of UBE2M for in vitro experiments. Also, chemotherapy-resistant HCT116 and SW480 cells were established by being treated with increasingly higher concentrations of fluorouracil (5-FU) or oxaliplatin. XAV-939 was used as a wingless/integrated-beta-catenin (Wnt/β-catenin) signaling inhibitor. Results According to quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry, the expression of UBE2M was elevated in CRC tissues compared to normal tissues. Based on cox regression analysis, the overexpression of UBE2M was a risk factor for overall survival of CRC patients. The expression of UBE2M was notably high in 5-FU- and oxaliplatin-resistant cells in in vitro experiments. Also, cells transfected with specific UBE2M siRNA or plasmid induced lower resistance to 5-FU and higher resistance to oxaliplatin. Finally, the expression of β-catenin was correlated with the expression of UBE2M in transfected cells and treatment with XAV939 decreased the degree of drug resistance in chemotherapy-resistant HCT116 cells. Conclusions Overexpression of UBE2M in CRC specimens contributes to a decreased overall survival of patients and mediates 5-FU and oxaliplatin resistance in CRC cells via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Guoqiang Lv
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Binghua Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xinghua People's Hospital, Xinghua, China
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