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Chen X, Guo J, Zhou Y, Lao J, Zhao X, Rui J. Modified contralateral C7 transfer to restore ulnar nerve function without sacrificing median nerve recovery: an experimental study. J Hand Surg Eur Vol 2023; 48:731-737. [PMID: 37203387 DOI: 10.1177/17531934231170103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Contralateral C7 (cC7) transfer is a technique used in patients with total brachial plexus avulsion. An ulnar nerve graft (UNG) is usually used, as intrinsic function is not expected to be restored due to length of reinnervation required. In this study, we attempted to improve intrinsic function recovery by preserving the deep branch of the ulnar nerve (dbUN) and reanimating it with the anterior interosseous nerve (AIN) after cC7 transfer. Fifty-four rats were divided into the following three groups: Group A, traditional cC7 transfer to the median nerve with a UNG; Group B, cC7 transfer preserving and repairing the dbUN with the terminal branch of the AIN; Group C, same as Group B; however, the dbUN was coapted after 1 month with the AIN. At 3, 6 and 9 months postoperatively, the results of electrodiagnostic and histomorphometric examinations of the interosseous muscle were significantly better in Groups B and C, without affecting AIN recovery. In conclusion, the modified cC7 transfer technique can potentially improve intrinsic function recovery without affecting median nerve recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Department of Hand Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hand Reconstruction (Fudan University), Shanghai, P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve and Microsurgery, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jinding Guo
- Department of Hand Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hand Reconstruction (Fudan University), Shanghai, P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve and Microsurgery, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yingjie Zhou
- Department of Hand Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hand Reconstruction (Fudan University), Shanghai, P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve and Microsurgery, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jie Lao
- Department of Hand Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hand Reconstruction (Fudan University), Shanghai, P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve and Microsurgery, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Hand Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hand Reconstruction (Fudan University), Shanghai, P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve and Microsurgery, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jing Rui
- Department of Hand Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hand Reconstruction (Fudan University), Shanghai, P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve and Microsurgery, Shanghai, P. R. China
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Cho CC. A Cross-Level Study of the Consequences of Work Stress in Police Officers: Using Transformational Leadership and Group Member Interactions as an Example. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:1845-1860. [PMID: 37223307 PMCID: PMC10202197 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s413075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of work stress on job burnout and quality of life and the effect of moderating group factors (transformational leadership and group member interactions) on the relationship between work stress, job burnout, and quality of life. This study takes front-line border police as the research object, adopts a cross-level perspective, and takes work stress as a key factor affecting work efficiency and health indicators. Methods It collected data through questionnaires, with questionnaires for each research variable adapted from existing research scales, such as multifactor leadership questionnaire developed by Bass and Avolio. A total of 361 questionnaires were filled out and collected in this study, including 315 male participants and 46 female participants. The average age of the participants was 39.52. Hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) was used to test the hypotheses. Results First, it was found that work stress has a significant impact on job burnout and quality of life. Secondly, leadership style and group member interactions have a direct, cross-level effect on work stress. Third, it found that leadership style and group member interactions have an indirect, cross-level effect on the relationship between work stress and job burnout. However, these are not indicative of quality of life. The results of this study highlight the particular impact of the nature of police work on the quality of life, and further enhance the value of this study. Conclusion The two major contributions of this study are: 1) it shows the original characteristics of the organizational environment and the social context of Taiwan's border police and, 2) in terms of the research implication, it is necessary to re-examine the cross-level impact of group factors on individual work stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chung Cho
- Department of Ocean and Border Management, National Quemoy University, Kinmen, 892, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Scalabrin M, Engman V, Maccannell A, Critchlow A, Roberts LD, Yuldasheva N, Bowen TS. Temporal analysis of skeletal muscle remodeling post hindlimb ischemia reveals intricate autophagy regulation. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C1601-C1610. [PMID: 36252128 PMCID: PMC9722248 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00174.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hind limb ischemia (HLI) is the most severe form of peripheral arterial disease, associated with a substantial reduction of limb blood flow that impairs skeletal muscle homeostasis to promote functional disability. The molecular regulators of HLI-induced muscle perturbations remain poorly defined. This study investigated whether changes in the molecular catabolic-autophagy signaling network were linked to temporal remodeling of skeletal muscle in HLI. HLI was induced in mice via hindlimb ischemia (femoral artery ligation) and confirmed by Doppler echocardiography. Experiments were terminated at time points defined as early- (7 days; n = 5) or late- (28 days; n = 5) stage HLI. Ischemic and nonischemic (contralateral) limb muscles were compared. Ischemic versus nonischemic muscles demonstrated overt remodeling at early-HLI but normalized at late-HLI. Early-onset fiber atrophy was associated with excessive autophagy signaling in ischemic muscle; protein expression increased for Beclin-1, LC3, and p62 (P < 0.05) but proteasome-dependent markers were reduced (P < 0.05). Mitophagy signaling increased in early-stage HLI that aligned with an early and sustained loss of mitochondrial content (P < 0.05). Upstream autophagy regulators, Sestrins, showed divergent responses during early-stage HLI (Sestrin2 increased while Sestrin1 decreased; P < 0.05) in parallel to increased AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation (P < 0.05) and lower antioxidant enzyme expression. No changes were found in markers for mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 signaling. These data indicate that early activation of the sestrin-AMPK signaling axis may regulate autophagy to stimulate rapid and overt muscle atrophy in HLI, which is normalized within weeks and accompanied by recovery of muscle mass. A complex interplay between Sestrins to regulate autophagy signaling during early-to-late muscle remodeling in HLI is likely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Scalabrin
- School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Viktor Engman
- School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda Maccannell
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Annabel Critchlow
- School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Lee D Roberts
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Nadira Yuldasheva
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - T Scott Bowen
- School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
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Adams V, Schauer A, Augstein A, Kirchhoff V, Draskowski R, Jannasch A, Goto K, Lyall G, Männel A, Barthel P, Mangner N, Winzer EB, Linke A, Labeit S. Targeting MuRF1 by small molecules in a HFpEF rat model improves myocardial diastolic function and skeletal muscle contractility. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2022; 13:1565-1581. [PMID: 35301823 PMCID: PMC9178400 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND About half of heart failure (HF) patients, while having preserved left ventricular function, suffer from diastolic dysfunction (so-called HFpEF). No specific therapeutics are available for HFpEF in contrast to HF where reduced ejection fractions (HFrEF) can be treated pharmacologically. Myocardial titin filament stiffening, endothelial dysfunction, and skeletal muscle (SKM) myopathy are suspected to contribute to HFpEF genesis. We previously described small molecules interfering with MuRF1 target recognition thereby attenuating SKM myopathy and dysfunction in HFrEF animal models. The aim of the present study was to test the efficacy of one small molecule (MyoMed-205) in HFpEF and to describe molecular changes elicited by MyoMed-205. METHODS Twenty-week-old female obese ZSF1 rats received the MuRF1 inhibitor MyoMed-205 for 12 weeks; a comparison was made to age-matched untreated ZSF1-lean (healthy) and obese rats as controls. LV (left ventricle) function was assessed by echocardiography and by invasive haemodynamic measurements until week 32. At week 32, SKM and endothelial functions were measured and tissues collected for molecular analyses. Proteome-wide analysis followed by WBs and RT-PCR was applied to identify specific genes and affected molecular pathways. MuRF1 knockout mice (MuRF1-KO) SKM tissues were included to validate MuRF1-specificity. RESULTS By week 32, untreated obese rats had normal LV ejection fraction but augmented E/e' ratios and increased end diastolic pressure and myocardial fibrosis, all typical features of HFpEF. Furthermore, SKM myopathy (both atrophy and force loss) and endothelial dysfunction were detected. In contrast, MyoMed-205 treated rats had markedly improved diastolic function, less myocardial fibrosis, reduced SKM myopathy, and increased SKM function. SKM extracts from MyoMed-205 treated rats had reduced MuRF1 content and lowered total muscle protein ubiquitination. In addition, proteomic profiling identified eight proteins to respond specifically to MyoMed-205 treatment. Five out of these eight proteins are involved in mitochondrial metabolism, dynamics, or autophagy. Consistent with the mitochondria being a MyoMed-205 target, the synthesis of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I + II was increased in treated rats. MuRF1-KO SKM controls also had elevated mitochondrial complex I and II activities, also suggesting mitochondrial activity regulation by MuRF1. CONCLUSIONS MyoMed-205 improved myocardial diastolic function and prevented SKM atrophy/function in the ZSF1 animal model of HFpEF. Mechanistically, SKM benefited from an attenuated ubiquitin proteasome system and augmented synthesis/activity of proteins of the mitochondrial respiratory chain while the myocardium seemed to benefit from reduced titin modifications and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker Adams
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental CardiologyTU Dresden, Heart Center DresdenDresdenGermany
- Dresden Cardiovascular Research Institute and Core Laboratories GmbHDresdenGermany
| | - Antje Schauer
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental CardiologyTU Dresden, Heart Center DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Antje Augstein
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental CardiologyTU Dresden, Heart Center DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Virginia Kirchhoff
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental CardiologyTU Dresden, Heart Center DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Runa Draskowski
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental CardiologyTU Dresden, Heart Center DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Anett Jannasch
- Department of Cardiac SurgeryTU Dresden, Heart Center DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Keita Goto
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental CardiologyTU Dresden, Heart Center DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Gemma Lyall
- School of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Anita Männel
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental CardiologyTU Dresden, Heart Center DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Peggy Barthel
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental CardiologyTU Dresden, Heart Center DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Norman Mangner
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental CardiologyTU Dresden, Heart Center DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Ephraim B. Winzer
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental CardiologyTU Dresden, Heart Center DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Axel Linke
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental CardiologyTU Dresden, Heart Center DresdenDresdenGermany
- Dresden Cardiovascular Research Institute and Core Laboratories GmbHDresdenGermany
| | - Siegfried Labeit
- Myomedix GmbHNeckargemündGermany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/MannheimMannheimGermany
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Peris-Moreno D, Malige M, Claustre A, Armani A, Coudy-Gandilhon C, Deval C, Béchet D, Fafournoux P, Sandri M, Combaret L, Taillandier D, Polge C. UBE2L3, a Partner of MuRF1/TRIM63, Is Involved in the Degradation of Myofibrillar Actin and Myosin. Cells 2021; 10:1974. [PMID: 34440743 PMCID: PMC8392593 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is the main player of skeletal muscle wasting, a common characteristic of many diseases (cancer, etc.) that negatively impacts treatment and life prognosis. Within the UPS, the E3 ligase MuRF1/TRIM63 targets for degradation several myofibrillar proteins, including the main contractile proteins alpha-actin and myosin heavy chain (MHC). We previously identified five E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes interacting with MuRF1, including UBE2L3/UbcH7, that exhibited a high affinity for MuRF1 (KD = 50 nM). Here, we report a main effect of UBE2L3 on alpha-actin and MHC degradation in catabolic C2C12 myotubes. Consistently UBE2L3 knockdown in Tibialis anterior induced hypertrophy in dexamethasone (Dex)-treated mice, whereas overexpression worsened the muscle atrophy of Dex-treated mice. Using combined interactomic approaches, we also characterized the interactions between MuRF1 and its substrates alpha-actin and MHC and found that MuRF1 preferentially binds to filamentous F-actin (KD = 46.7 nM) over monomeric G-actin (KD = 450 nM). By contrast with actin that did not alter MuRF1-UBE2L3 affinity, binding of MHC to MuRF1 (KD = 8 nM) impeded UBE2L3 binding, suggesting that differential interactions prevail with MuRF1 depending on both the substrate and the E2. Our data suggest that UBE2L3 regulates contractile proteins levels and skeletal muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dulce Peris-Moreno
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH Unité de Nutrition Humaine, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (D.P.-M.); (M.M.); (A.C.); (C.C.-G.); (C.D.); (D.B.); (P.F.); (L.C.); (D.T.)
| | - Mélodie Malige
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH Unité de Nutrition Humaine, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (D.P.-M.); (M.M.); (A.C.); (C.C.-G.); (C.D.); (D.B.); (P.F.); (L.C.); (D.T.)
| | - Agnès Claustre
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH Unité de Nutrition Humaine, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (D.P.-M.); (M.M.); (A.C.); (C.C.-G.); (C.D.); (D.B.); (P.F.); (L.C.); (D.T.)
| | - Andrea Armani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, 35100 Padova, Italy; (A.A.); (M.S.)
| | - Cécile Coudy-Gandilhon
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH Unité de Nutrition Humaine, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (D.P.-M.); (M.M.); (A.C.); (C.C.-G.); (C.D.); (D.B.); (P.F.); (L.C.); (D.T.)
| | - Christiane Deval
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH Unité de Nutrition Humaine, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (D.P.-M.); (M.M.); (A.C.); (C.C.-G.); (C.D.); (D.B.); (P.F.); (L.C.); (D.T.)
| | - Daniel Béchet
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH Unité de Nutrition Humaine, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (D.P.-M.); (M.M.); (A.C.); (C.C.-G.); (C.D.); (D.B.); (P.F.); (L.C.); (D.T.)
| | - Pierre Fafournoux
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH Unité de Nutrition Humaine, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (D.P.-M.); (M.M.); (A.C.); (C.C.-G.); (C.D.); (D.B.); (P.F.); (L.C.); (D.T.)
| | - Marco Sandri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, 35100 Padova, Italy; (A.A.); (M.S.)
| | - Lydie Combaret
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH Unité de Nutrition Humaine, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (D.P.-M.); (M.M.); (A.C.); (C.C.-G.); (C.D.); (D.B.); (P.F.); (L.C.); (D.T.)
| | - Daniel Taillandier
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH Unité de Nutrition Humaine, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (D.P.-M.); (M.M.); (A.C.); (C.C.-G.); (C.D.); (D.B.); (P.F.); (L.C.); (D.T.)
| | - Cécile Polge
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH Unité de Nutrition Humaine, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (D.P.-M.); (M.M.); (A.C.); (C.C.-G.); (C.D.); (D.B.); (P.F.); (L.C.); (D.T.)
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Moriscot A, Miyabara EH, Langeani B, Belli A, Egginton S, Bowen TS. Firearms-related skeletal muscle trauma: pathophysiology and novel approaches for regeneration. NPJ Regen Med 2021; 6:17. [PMID: 33772028 PMCID: PMC7997931 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-021-00127-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
One major cause of traumatic injury is firearm-related wounds (i.e., ballistic trauma), common in both civilian and military populations, which is increasing in prevalence and has serious long-term health and socioeconomic consequences worldwide. Common primary injuries of ballistic trauma include soft-tissue damage and loss, haemorrhage, bone fracture, and pain. The majority of injuries are of musculoskeletal origin and located in the extremities, such that skeletal muscle offers a major therapeutic target to aid recovery and return to normal daily activities. However, the underlying pathophysiology of skeletal muscle ballistic trauma remains poorly understood, with limited evidence-based treatment options. As such, this review will address the topic of firearm-related skeletal muscle injury and regeneration. We first introduce trauma ballistics and the immediate injury of skeletal muscle, followed by detailed coverage of the underlying biological mechanisms involved in regulating skeletal muscle dysfunction following injury, with a specific focus on the processes of muscle regeneration, muscle wasting and vascular impairments. Finally, we evaluate novel approaches for minimising muscle damage and enhancing muscle regeneration after ballistic trauma, which may have important relevance for primary care in victims of violence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anselmo Moriscot
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elen H Miyabara
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Antonio Belli
- NIHR Surgical Reconstruction and Microbiology Research Centre, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Stuart Egginton
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - T Scott Bowen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
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Labeit S, Hirner S, Bogomolovas J, Cruz A, Myrzabekova M, Moriscot A, Bowen TS, Adams V. Regulation of Glucose Metabolism by MuRF1 and Treatment of Myopathy in Diabetic Mice with Small Molecules Targeting MuRF1. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2225. [PMID: 33672385 PMCID: PMC7926706 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The muscle-specific ubiquitin ligase MuRF1 regulates muscle catabolism during chronic wasting states, although its roles in general metabolism are less-studied. Here, we metabolically profiled MuRF1-deficient knockout mice. We also included knockout mice for MuRF2 as its closely related gene homolog. MuRF1 and MuRF2-KO (knockout) mice have elevated serum glucose, elevated triglycerides, and reduced glucose tolerance. In addition, MuRF2-KO mice have a reduced tolerance to a fat-rich diet. Western blot and enzymatic studies on MuRF1-KO skeletal muscle showed perturbed FoxO-Akt signaling, elevated Akt-Ser-473 activation, and downregulated oxidative mitochondrial metabolism, indicating potential mechanisms for MuRF1,2-dependent glucose and fat metabolism regulation. Consistent with this, the adenoviral re-expression of MuRF1 in KO mice normalized Akt-Ser-473, serum glucose, and triglycerides. Finally, we tested the MuRF1/2 inhibitors MyoMed-205 and MyoMed-946 in a mouse model for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). After 28 days of treatment, T2DM mice developed progressive muscle weakness detected by wire hang tests, but this was attenuated by the MyoMed-205 treatment. While MyoMed-205 and MyoMed-946 had no significant effects on serum glucose, they did normalize the lymphocyte-granulocyte counts in diabetic sera as indicators of the immune response. Thus, small molecules directed to MuRF1 may be useful in attenuating skeletal muscle strength loss in T2DM conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siegfried Labeit
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68169 Mannheim, Germany;
- Myomedix GmbH, 69151 Neckargemünd, Germany
| | - Stephanie Hirner
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68169 Mannheim, Germany;
| | | | - André Cruz
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, 05508-000 Sao Paulo, Brazil; (A.C.); (A.M.)
| | - Moldir Myrzabekova
- Scientific Research Institute of Biology and Biotechnology Problems, al-Farabi Kasakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan;
| | - Anselmo Moriscot
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, 05508-000 Sao Paulo, Brazil; (A.C.); (A.M.)
| | | | - Volker Adams
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, TU Dresden, Heart Center Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany;
- Dresden Cardiovascular Research Institute and Core Laboratories GmbH, 01307 Dresden, Germany
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Wood N, Straw S, Scalabrin M, Roberts LD, Witte KK, Bowen TS. Skeletal muscle atrophy in heart failure with diabetes: from molecular mechanisms to clinical evidence. ESC Heart Fail 2021; 8:3-15. [PMID: 33225593 PMCID: PMC7835554 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.13121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Two highly prevalent and growing global diseases impacted by skeletal muscle atrophy are chronic heart failure (HF) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). The presence of either condition increases the likelihood of developing the other, with recent studies revealing a large and relatively poorly characterized clinical population of patients with coexistent HF and DM (HFDM). HFDM results in worse symptoms and poorer clinical outcomes compared with DM or HF alone, and cardiovascular-focused disease-modifying agents have proven less effective in HFDM indicating a key role of the periphery. This review combines current clinical knowledge and basic biological mechanisms to address the critical emergence of skeletal muscle atrophy in patients with HFDM as a key driver of symptoms. We discuss how the degree of skeletal muscle wasting in patients with HFDM is likely underpinned by a variety of mechanisms that include mitochondrial dysfunction, insulin resistance, inflammation, and lipotoxicity. Given many atrophic triggers (e.g. ubiquitin proteasome/autophagy/calpain activity and supressed IGF1-Akt-mTORC1 signalling) are linked to increased production of reactive oxygen species, we speculate that a higher pro-oxidative state in HFDM could be a unifying mechanism that promotes accelerated fibre atrophy. Overall, our proposal is that patients with HFDM represent a unique clinical population, prompting a review of treatment strategies including further focus on elucidating potential mechanisms and therapeutic targets of muscle atrophy in these distinct patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathanael Wood
- Faculty of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of LeedsLeedsLS2 9JTUK
| | - Sam Straw
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic MedicineUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | | | - Lee D. Roberts
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic MedicineUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Klaus K. Witte
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic MedicineUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
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Bozzi M, Sciandra F. Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Muscle Wasting in Huntington's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218314. [PMID: 33167595 PMCID: PMC7664236 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington’s disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder caused by pathogenic expansions of the triplet cytosine-adenosine-guanosine (CAG) within the Huntingtin gene. These expansions lead to a prolongation of the poly-glutamine stretch at the N-terminus of Huntingtin causing protein misfolding and aggregation. Huntingtin and its pathological variants are widely expressed, but the central nervous system is mainly affected, as proved by the wide spectrum of neurological symptoms, including behavioral anomalies, cognitive decline and motor disorders. Other hallmarks of HD are loss of body weight and muscle atrophy. This review highlights some key elements that likely provide a major contribution to muscle atrophy, namely, alteration of the transcriptional processes, mitochondrial dysfunction, which is strictly correlated to loss of energy homeostasis, inflammation, apoptosis and defects in the processes responsible for the protein quality control. The improvement of muscular symptoms has proven to slow the disease progression and extend the life span of animal models of HD, underlining the importance of a deep comprehension of the molecular mechanisms driving deterioration of muscular tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Bozzi
- Dipartimento Universitario di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Sezione di Biochimica e Biochimica Clinica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Roma, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Roma, Italy
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”– SCITEC Sede di Roma, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Roma, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Francesca Sciandra
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”– SCITEC Sede di Roma, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Roma, Italy;
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