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周 巧, 刘 健, 朱 艳, 汪 元, 王 桂, 齐 亚, 胡 月. [Identification of Osteoarthritis Inflamm-Aging Biomarkers by Integrating Bioinformatic Analysis and Machine Learning Strategies and the Clinical Validation]. SICHUAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF SICHUAN UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCE EDITION 2024; 55:279-289. [PMID: 38645862 PMCID: PMC11026895 DOI: 10.12182/20240360106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Objective To identify inflamm-aging related biomarkers in osteoarthritis (OA). Methods Microarray gene profiles of young and aging OA patients were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and aging-related genes (ARGs) were obtained from the Human Aging Genome Resource (HAGR) database. The differentially expressed genes of young OA and older OA patients were screened and then intersected with ARGs to obtain the aging-related genes of OA. Enrichment analysis was performed to reveal the potential mechanisms of aging-related markers in OA. Three machine learning methods were used to identify core senescence markers of OA and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess their diagnostic performance. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected from clinical OA patients to verify the expression of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors and senescence markers. Results A total of 45 senescence-related markers were obtained, which were mainly involved in the regulation of cellular senescence, the cell cycle, inflammatory response, etc. Through the screening with the three machine learning methods, 5 core senescence biomarkers, including FOXO3, MCL1, SIRT3, STAG1, and S100A13, were obtained. A total of 20 cases of normal controls and 40 cases of OA patients, including 20 cases in the young patient group and 20 in the elderly patient group, were enrolled. Compared with those of the young patient group, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β levels increased and IL-4 levels decreased in the elderly OA patient group (P<0.01); FOXO3, MCL1, and SIRT3 mRNA expression decreased and STAG1 and S100A13 mRNA expression increased (P<0.01). Pearson correlation analysis demonstrated that the selected markers were associated with some indicators, including erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), IL-1β, IL-4, CRP, and IL-6. The area under the ROC curve of the 5 core aging genes was always greater than 0.8 and the C-index of the calibration curve in the nomogram prediction model was 0.755, which suggested the good calibration ability of the model. Conclusion FOXO3, MCL1, SIRT3, STAG1, and S100A13 may serve as novel diagnostic biomolecular markers and potential therapeutic targets for OA inflamm-aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- 巧 周
- 安徽中医药大学第二附属医院 老年病一科 (合肥 230061)Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230061, China
- 安徽中医药大学第一临床医学院 (合肥 230012)First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - 健 刘
- 安徽中医药大学第二附属医院 老年病一科 (合肥 230061)Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230061, China
| | - 艳 朱
- 安徽中医药大学第二附属医院 老年病一科 (合肥 230061)Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230061, China
| | - 元 汪
- 安徽中医药大学第二附属医院 老年病一科 (合肥 230061)Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230061, China
| | - 桂珍 王
- 安徽中医药大学第二附属医院 老年病一科 (合肥 230061)Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230061, China
| | - 亚军 齐
- 安徽中医药大学第二附属医院 老年病一科 (合肥 230061)Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230061, China
| | - 月迪 胡
- 安徽中医药大学第二附属医院 老年病一科 (合肥 230061)Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230061, China
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Abel SM, Hong Z, Williams D, Ireri S, Brown MQ, Su T, Hung KY, Henke JA, Barton JP, Le Roch KG. Small RNA sequencing of field Culex mosquitoes identifies patterns of viral infection and the mosquito immune response. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10598. [PMID: 37391513 PMCID: PMC10313667 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37571-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mosquito-borne disease remains a significant burden on global health. In the United States, the major threat posed by mosquitoes is transmission of arboviruses, including West Nile virus by mosquitoes of the Culex genus. Virus metagenomic analysis of mosquito small RNA using deep sequencing and advanced bioinformatic tools enables the rapid detection of viruses and other infecting organisms, both pathogenic and non-pathogenic to humans, without any precedent knowledge. In this study, we sequenced small RNA samples from over 60 pools of Culex mosquitoes from two major areas of Southern California from 2017 to 2019 to elucidate the virome and immune responses of Culex. Our results demonstrated that small RNAs not only allowed the detection of viruses but also revealed distinct patterns of viral infection based on location, Culex species, and time. We also identified miRNAs that are most likely involved in Culex immune responses to viruses and Wolbachia bacteria, and show the utility of using small RNA to detect antiviral immune pathways including piRNAs against some pathogens. Collectively, these findings show that deep sequencing of small RNA can be used for virus discovery and surveillance. One could also conceive that such work could be accomplished in various locations across the world and over time to better understand patterns of mosquito infection and immune response to many vector-borne diseases in field samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven M Abel
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, Center for Infection Disease and Vector Research, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Zhenchen Hong
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Desiree Williams
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, Center for Infection Disease and Vector Research, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Sally Ireri
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, Center for Infection Disease and Vector Research, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Michelle Q Brown
- West Valley Mosquito & Vector Control District, Ontario, CA, 91761, USA
| | - Tianyun Su
- West Valley Mosquito & Vector Control District, Ontario, CA, 91761, USA
| | - Kim Y Hung
- Coachella Valley Mosquito & Vector Control District, Indio, CA, 92201, USA
| | - Jennifer A Henke
- Coachella Valley Mosquito & Vector Control District, Indio, CA, 92201, USA
| | - John P Barton
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Karine G Le Roch
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, Center for Infection Disease and Vector Research, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
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Fei X, Jin M, Yuan Z, Li T, Lu Z, Wang H, Lu J, Quan K, Yang J, He M, Wang T, Wang Y, Wei C. MiRNA-Seq reveals key MicroRNAs involved in fat metabolism of sheep liver. Front Genet 2023; 14:985764. [PMID: 36968587 PMCID: PMC10035661 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.985764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a genetic difference between Hu sheep (short/fat-tailed sheep) and Tibetan sheep (short/thin-tailed sheep) in tail type, because of fat metabolism. Previous studies have mainly focused directly on sheep tail fat, which is not the main organ of fat metabolism. The function of miRNAs in sheep liver fat metabolism has not been thoroughly elucidated. In this study, miRNA-Seq was used to identify miRNAs in the liver tissue of three Hu sheep (short/fat-tailed sheep) and three Tibetan sheep (short/thin-tailed sheep) to characterize the differences in fat metabolism of sheep. In our study, Hu sheep was in a control group, we identified 11 differentially expressed miRNAs (DE miRNAs), including six up-regulated miRNAs and five down-regulated miRNAs. Miranda and RNAhybrid were used to predict the target genes of DE miRNAs, obtaining 3,404 target genes. A total of 115 and 67 GO terms as well as 54 and 5 KEGG pathways were significantly (padj < 0.05) enriched for predicted 3,109 target genes of up-regulated and 295 target genes of down-regulated miRNAs, respectively. oar-miR-432 was one of the most up-regulated miRNAs between Hu sheep and Tibetan sheep. And SIRT1 is one of the potential target genes of oar-miR-432. Furthermore, functional validation using the dual-luciferase reporter assay indicated that the up-regulated miRNA; oar-miR-432 potentially targeted sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression. Then, the oar-miR-432 mimic transfected into preadipocytes resulted in inhibited expression of SIRT1. This is the first time reported that the expression of SIRT1 gene was regulated by oar-miR-432 in fat metabolism of sheep liver. These results could provide a meaningful theoretical basis for studying the fat metabolism of sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Fei
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Meilin Jin
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zehu Yuan
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Taotao Li
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zengkui Lu
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Huihua Wang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Lu
- National Animal Husbandry Service, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Quan
- College of Animals Science and Technology, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junxiang Yang
- Gansu Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Pingliang, China
| | - Maochang He
- Gansu Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Pingliang, China
| | - Tingpu Wang
- College of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, TianShui Normal University, Tianshui, China
| | - Yuqin Wang
- College of Animals Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- *Correspondence: Caihong Wei, ; Yuqin Wang,
| | - Caihong Wei
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Caihong Wei, ; Yuqin Wang,
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Zhang QY, Zhou H, Zhou XX, Yu FB, Liu YY, Chen ZY, Ma YQ, Li XL, Tian B. Small non-coding RNAome changes during human chondrocyte senescence as potential epigenetic targets in age-related osteoarthritis. Genomics 2023; 115:110574. [PMID: 36758878 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2023.110574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Chondrocyte senescence is a decisive component of age-related osteoarthritis, however, the function of small noncoding RNAs (sncRNAs) in chondrocyte senescence remains underexplored. Human hip joint cartilage chondrocytes were cultivated up to passage 4 to induce senescence. RNA samples were extracted and then analyzed using small RNA sequencing and qPCR. β-galactosidase staining was used to detect the effect of sncRNA on chondrocyte aging. Results of small RNA sequencing showed that 279 miRNAs, 136 snoRNAs, 30 snRNAs, 102 piRNAs, and 5 rasiRNAs were differentially expressed in senescent chondrocytes. The differential expression of 150 sncRNAs was further validated by qPCR. Transfection of sncRNAs and β-galactosidase staining were also performed to further revealed that hsa-miR-135b-5p, SNORA80B-201, and RNU5E-1-201 have the function to restrain chondrocyte senescence, while has-piR-019102 has the function to promote chondrocyte senescence. Our data suggest that sncRNAs have therapeutic potential as novel epigenetic targets in age-related osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Yi Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng-Bin Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, the 72nd Group Army Hospital of PLA, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu-Yi Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhi-Yang Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yi-Qun Ma
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xi-Lei Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Bo Tian
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Xiao F, Wang C, Peng J, Zhou X, Ma D, Wang Y, Li Y, Chen X, Wang C. Changes in Small Noncoding RNA Expression during Chondrocyte Senescence. Cartilage 2022; 13:19476035221118165. [PMID: 35993268 PMCID: PMC9403477 DOI: 10.1177/19476035221118165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by the chronic and progressive deterioration of articular cartilage. Chondrocyte senescence could lead to a shift in the balance between extracellular matrix (ECM) component synthesis and degradation. Small noncoding RNAs (sncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), P-element-induced wimpy testis-(PIWI-) interacting RNAs (piRNAs), small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), and repeat-associated siRNAs (rasiRNAs), are a class of important epigenetic molecules. We aimed to gain insights into the changes and roles of sncRNA in chondrocyte senescence. DESIGN Healthy mouse postnatal chondrocytes were isolated, and a replicative aging model was constructed. We used small RNA sequencing (small RNA-seq) to generate extensive small RNA data. We identified differentially expressed sncRNAs and performed tissue-specific analysis using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). β-galactosidase staining was used to detect chondrocyte senescence. The results showed that the expression profiles of sncRNA in passage 5 chondrocytes were significantly different from those in passage 0 chondrocytes. The expression of sncRNA was tissue specific. We found that 40 miRNAs were upregulated and 70 miRNAs were downregulated during chondrocyte senescence, and that miR-132-5p expression inhibition prevented chondrocyte senescence. We found that 8 piRNAs were upregulated and 17 piRNAs were downregulated during chondrocyte senescence, and that piRNA piR_025576 overexpression delayed chondrocyte senescence. We found that 24 snoRNAs were upregulated and 28 snoRNAs were downregulated during chondrocyte senescence, and that snoRNA ENSMUSG00000087935 overexpression delayed chondrocyte senescence. We found that 5 snRNAs were upregulated and 6 snRNAs were downregulated during chondrocyte senescence, and that snRNA ENSMUSG00000064682 overexpression delayed chondrocyte senescence. We found that 1 rasiRNA was upregulated and 4 rasiRNAs were downregulated during chondrocyte senescence. CONCLUSIONS These findings might provide novel insights into OA pathogenesis and contribute to the development of candidates for targeted therapeutics in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xiao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery,
Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,
Shanghai, China
| | - Chenglong Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery,
Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,
Shanghai, China
| | - Jianping Peng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery,
Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,
Shanghai, China
| | - Xing Zhou
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center
for Biomedicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Ding Ma
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery,
Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,
Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shidong
Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanpeng Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated
Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery,
Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,
Shanghai, China
| | - Chuandong Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery,
Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,
Shanghai, China,Xiaodong Chen, Department of Orthopedic
Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of
Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Anderson JR, Jacobsen S, Walters M, Bundgaard L, Diendorfer A, Hackl M, Clarke EJ, James V, Peffers MJ. Small non-coding RNA landscape of extracellular vesicles from a post-traumatic model of equine osteoarthritis. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:901269. [PMID: 36003409 PMCID: PMC9393553 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.901269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles comprise an as yet inadequately investigated intercellular communication pathway in the field of early osteoarthritis. We hypothesised that the small non-coding RNA expression pattern in synovial fluid and plasma would change during progression of experimental osteoarthritis. In this study, we conducted small RNA sequencing to provide a comprehensive overview of the temporal expression profiles of small non-coding transcripts carried by extracellular vesicles derived from plasma and synovial fluid for the first time in a posttraumatic model of equine osteoarthritis. Additionally, we characterised synovial fluid and plasma-derived extracellular vesicles with respect to quantity, size, and surface markers. The different temporal expressions of seven microRNAs in plasma and synovial fluid-derived extracellular vesicles, eca-miR-451, eca-miR-25, eca-miR-215, eca-miR-92a, eca-miR-let-7c, eca-miR-486-5p, and eca-miR-23a, and four snoRNAs, U3, snord15, snord46, and snord58, represent potential biomarkers for early osteoarthritis. Bioinformatics analysis of the differentially expressed microRNAs in synovial fluid highlighted that in early osteoarthritis these related to the inhibition of cell cycle, cell cycle progression, DNA damage and cell proliferation as well as increased cell viability and differentiation of stem cells. Plasma and synovial fluid-derived extracellular vesicle small non-coding signatures have been established for the first time in a temporal model of osteoarthritis. These could serve as novel biomarkers for evaluation of osteoarthritis progression or act as potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R. Anderson
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Stine Jacobsen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, Denmark
| | - Marie Walters
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, Denmark
| | - Louise Bundgaard
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, Denmark
| | | | | | - Emily J. Clarke
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Victoria James
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Mandy J. Peffers
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Fujii Y, Liu L, Yagasaki L, Inotsume M, Chiba T, Asahara H. Cartilage Homeostasis and Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:6316. [PMID: 35682994 PMCID: PMC9181530 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Healthy limb joints are important for maintaining health and attaining longevity. Endochondral ossification (the replacement of cartilage with bone, occurring during skeletal development) is essential for bone formation, especially in long-axis bones. In contrast to endochondral ossification, chondrocyte populations in articular cartilage persist and maintain joint tissue into adulthood. Articular cartilage, a connective tissue consisting of chondrocytes and their surrounding extracellular matrices, plays an essential role in the mechanical cushioning of joints in postnatal locomotion. Osteoarthritis (OA) pathology relates to disruptions in the balance between anabolic and catabolic signals, that is, the loss of chondrocyte homeostasis due to aging or overuse of cartilages. The onset of OA increases with age, shortening a person's healthy life expectancy. Although many people with OA experience pain, the mainstay of treatment is symptomatic therapy, and no fundamental treatment has yet been established. To establish regenerative or preventative therapies for cartilage diseases, further understanding of the mechanisms of cartilage development, morphosis, and homeostasis is required. In this review, we describe the general development of cartilage and OA pathology, followed by a discussion on anabolic and catabolic signals in cartilage homeostasis, mainly microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Fujii
- Department of Systems Biomedicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8501, Japan; (Y.F.); (L.L.); (L.Y.); (M.I.); (T.C.)
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Systems Biomedicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8501, Japan; (Y.F.); (L.L.); (L.Y.); (M.I.); (T.C.)
| | - Lisa Yagasaki
- Department of Systems Biomedicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8501, Japan; (Y.F.); (L.L.); (L.Y.); (M.I.); (T.C.)
- Department of Periodontology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-851, Japan
| | - Maiko Inotsume
- Department of Systems Biomedicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8501, Japan; (Y.F.); (L.L.); (L.Y.); (M.I.); (T.C.)
| | - Tomoki Chiba
- Department of Systems Biomedicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8501, Japan; (Y.F.); (L.L.); (L.Y.); (M.I.); (T.C.)
| | - Hiroshi Asahara
- Department of Systems Biomedicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8501, Japan; (Y.F.); (L.L.); (L.Y.); (M.I.); (T.C.)
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Steinbusch MMF, van den Akker GGH, Cremers A, Witlox AMA, Staal HM, Peffers MJ, van Rhijn LW, Caron MMJ, Welting TJM. Adaptation of the protein translational apparatus during ATDC5 chondrogenic differentiation. Noncoding RNA Res 2022; 7:55-65. [PMID: 35261930 PMCID: PMC8881200 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2022.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ribosome biogenesis is integrated with many cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation and oncogenic events. Chondrogenic proliferation and differentiation require a high cellular translational capacity to facilitate cartilaginous extracellular matrix production. We here investigated the expression dynamics of factors involved in ribosome biogenesis during in vitro chondrogenic differentiation and determined whether protein translation capacity adapts to different phases of chondrogenic differentiation. Materials SnoRNA expression during ATDC5 differentiation was analyzed by RNA sequencing of samples acquired from day 0 (progenitor stage), 7 (chondrogenic stage) and day 14 (hypertrophic stage). RT-qPCR was used to determine expression of fibrillarin, dyskerin, UBF-1, Sox9, Col2a1, Runx2, Col10a1 mRNAs and 18S, 5.8S and 28S rRNAs. Protein expression of fibrillarin, dyskerin and UBF-1 was determined by immunoblotting. Ribosomal RNA content per cell was determined by calculating rRNA RT-qPCR signals relative to DNA content (SYBR Green assay). Total protein translational activity was evaluated with a puromycilation assay and polysome profiling. Results As a result of initiation of chondrogenic differentiation (Δt0-t7), 21 snoRNAs were differentially expressed (DE). Hypertrophic differentiation caused DE of 23 snoRNAs (Δt7-t14) and 43 when t0 was compared to t14. DE snoRNAs, amongst others, target nucleotide modifications in the 28S rRNA peptidyl transferase center and the 18S rRNA decoding center. UBF-1, fibrillarin and dyskerin expression increased as function of differentiation and displayed highest fold induction at day 5-6 in differentiation. Ribosomal RNA content per cell was significantly increased at day 7, but not at day 14 in differentiation. Similar dynamics in translational capacity and monosomal ribosome fraction were observed during differentiation. Conclusion The expression of a great number of ribosome biogenesis factors is altered during chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells, which is accompanied by significant changes in cellular translational activity. This elucidation of ribosome biogenesis dynamics in chondrogenic differentiation models enables the further understanding of the role of ribosome biogenesis and activity during chondrocyte cell commitment and their roles in human skeletal development diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy M F Steinbusch
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Guus G H van den Akker
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Andy Cremers
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Adhiambo M A Witlox
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Heleen M Staal
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Mandy J Peffers
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, L7 8TX, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Lodewijk W van Rhijn
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Marjolein M J Caron
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Tim J M Welting
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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Ai LY, Du MZ, Chen YR, Xia PY, Zhang JY, Jiang D. Integrated Analysis of lncRNA and mRNA Expression Profiles Indicates Age-Related Changes in Meniscus. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:844555. [PMID: 35359458 PMCID: PMC8960627 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.844555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Little has been known about the role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) involves in change of aged meniscus. Microarray analyses were performed to identify lncRNAs and mRNAs expression profiles of meniscus in young and aging adults and apple bioinformatics methods to analyse their potential roles. The differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs and mRNAs were confirmed by qRT-PCR. A total of 1608 DE lncRNAs and 1809 DE mRNAs were identified. Functional and pathway enrichment analyses of all DE mRNAs showed that DE mRNAs were mainly involved in the TGF-beta, Wnt, Hippo, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The expressions of TNFRSF11B and BMP2 were significantly upregulated in aging group. LASSO logistic regression analysis of the DE lncRNAs revealed four lncRNAs (AC124312.5, HCG11, POC1B-AS1, and AP001011.1) that were associated with meniscus degradation. CNC analysis demonstrated that AP001011 inhibited the expression of TNFRSF11B and AC1243125 upregulated the expression of TNFRSF11B. CeRNA analysis suggested that POC1B-AS1 regulates the expression of BMP2 by sponging miR 130a-3p, miR136-5p, miR 18a-3p, and miR 608. Furthermore, subcellular localization and m6A modification sites prediction analysis of these four lncRNAs was performed. These data lay a foundation for extensive studies on the role of lncRNAs in change of aged meniscus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ya Ai
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Ze Du
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - You-Rong Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng-Yan Xia
- Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ji-Ying Zhang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Jiang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Dong Jiang,
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Translation of genetic information encoded within mRNA molecules by ribosomes into proteins is a key part of the central dogma of molecular biology. Despite the central position of the ribosome in the translation of proteins, and considering the major proteomic changes that occur in the joint during osteoarthritis development and progression, the ribosome has received very limited attention as driver of osteoarthritis pathogenesis. RECENT FINDINGS We provide an overview of the limited literature regarding this developing topic for the osteoarthritis field. Recent key findings that connect ribosome biogenesis and activity with osteoarthritis include: ribosomal RNA transcription, processing and maturation, ribosomal protein expression, protein translation capacity and preferential translation. SUMMARY The ribosome as the central cellular protein synthesis hub is largely neglected in osteoarthritis research. Findings included in this review reveal that in osteoarthritis, ribosome aberrations have been found from early-stage ribosome biogenesis, through ribosome build-up and maturation, up to preferential translation. Classically, osteoarthritis has been explained as an imbalance between joint tissue anabolism and catabolism. We postulate that osteoarthritis can be interpreted as an acquired ribosomopathy. This hypothesis fine-tunes the dogmatic anabolism/katabolism point-of-view, and may provide novel molecular opportunities for the development of osteoarthritis disease-modifying treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guus G.H. van den Akker
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University
| | - Marjolein M.J. Caron
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University
| | - Mandy J. Peffers
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Tim J.M. Welting
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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Pandey KK, Madhry D, Ravi Kumar YS, Malvankar S, Sapra L, Srivastava RK, Bhattacharyya S, Verma B. Regulatory roles of tRNA-derived RNA fragments in human pathophysiology. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 26:161-173. [PMID: 34513302 PMCID: PMC8413677 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hundreds of tRNA genes and pseudogenes are encoded by the human genome. tRNAs are the second most abundant type of RNA in the cell. Advancement in deep-sequencing technologies have revealed the presence of abundant expression of functional tRNA-derived RNA fragments (tRFs). They are either generated from precursor (pre-)tRNA or mature tRNA. They have been found to play crucial regulatory roles during different pathological conditions. Herein, we briefly summarize the discovery and recent advances in deciphering the regulatory role played by tRFs in the pathophysiology of different human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kush Kumar Pandey
- Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Deeksha Madhry
- Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Y S Ravi Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, M.S. Ramaiah, Institute of Technology, MSR Nagar, Bengaluru, India
| | - Shivani Malvankar
- Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Leena Sapra
- Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Rupesh K Srivastava
- Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Sankar Bhattacharyya
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Bhupendra Verma
- Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
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12
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Castanheira CIGD, Anderson JR, Fang Y, Milner PI, Goljanek-Whysall K, House L, Clegg PD, Peffers MJ. Mouse microRNA signatures in joint ageing and post-traumatic osteoarthritis. OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE OPEN 2021; 3:100186. [PMID: 34977596 PMCID: PMC8683752 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocarto.2021.100186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated mice serum and joint microRNA expression profiles in ageing and osteoarthritis to elucidate the role of microRNAs in the development and progression of disease, and provide biomarkers for ageing and osteoarthritis. DESIGN Whole joints and serum samples were collected from C57BL6/J male mice and subjected to small RNA sequencing. Groups used included; surgically-induced post-traumatic osteoarthritis, (DMM; 24 months-old); sham surgery (24 months-old); old mice (18 months-old); and young mice (8 months-old). Differentially expressed microRNAs between the four groups were identified and validated using real-time quantitative PCR. MicroRNA differential expression data was used for target prediction and pathway analysis. RESULTS In joint tissues, miR-140-5p, miR-205-5p, miR-682, miR-208b-3p, miR-499-5p, miR-455-3p and miR-6238 were differentially expressed between young and old groups; miR-146a-5p, miR-3474, miR-615-3p and miR-151-5p were differentially expressed between DMM and Sham groups; and miR-652-3p, miR-23b-3p, miR-708-5p, miR-5099, miR-23a-3p, miR-214-3p, miR-6238 and miR-148-3p between the old and DMM groups. The number of differentially expressed microRNAs in serum was higher, some in common with joint tissues including miR-140-5p and miR-455-3p between young and old groups; and miR-23b-3p, miR-5099 and miR-6238 between old and DMM groups.We confirmed miR-140-5p, miR-499-5p and miR-455-3p expression to be decreased in old mouse joints compared to young, suggesting their potential use as biomarkers of joint ageing in mice. CONCLUSIONS MiR-140-5p, miR-499-5p and miR-455-3p could be used as joint ageing biomarkers in mice. Further research into these specific molecules in human tissues is now warranted to check their potential suitability as human biomarkers of ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina I G D Castanheira
- Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
| | - James R Anderson
- Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
| | - Yongxiang Fang
- Centre for Genomic Research, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Peter I Milner
- Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
| | - Katarzyna Goljanek-Whysall
- Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
| | - Louise House
- Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
| | - Peter D Clegg
- Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
| | - Mandy J Peffers
- Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
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13
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Ali SA, Peffers MJ, Ormseth MJ, Jurisica I, Kapoor M. The non-coding RNA interactome in joint health and disease. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2021; 17:692-705. [PMID: 34588660 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-021-00687-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs have distinct regulatory roles in the pathogenesis of joint diseases including osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). As the amount of high-throughput profiling studies and mechanistic investigations of microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs in joint tissues and biofluids has increased, data have emerged that suggest complex interactions among non-coding RNAs that are often overlooked as critical regulators of gene expression. Identifying these non-coding RNAs and their interactions is useful for understanding both joint health and disease. Non-coding RNAs regulate signalling pathways and biological processes that are important for normal joint development but, when dysregulated, can contribute to disease. The specific expression profiles of non-coding RNAs in various disease states support their roles as promising candidate biomarkers, mediators of pathogenic mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. This Review synthesizes literature published in the past 2 years on the role of non-coding RNAs in OA and RA with a focus on inflammation, cell death, cell proliferation and extracellular matrix dysregulation. Research to date makes it apparent that 'non-coding' does not mean 'non-essential' and that non-coding RNAs are important parts of a complex interactome that underlies OA and RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabana A Ali
- Bone and Joint Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA. .,Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Mandy J Peffers
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Michelle J Ormseth
- Department of Research and Development, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Igor Jurisica
- Osteoarthritis Research Program, Division of Orthopaedics, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Data Science Discovery Centre for Chronic Diseases, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mohit Kapoor
- Osteoarthritis Research Program, Division of Orthopaedics, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,Department of Surgery and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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14
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Zacharjasz J, Mleczko AM, Bąkowski P, Piontek T, Bąkowska-Żywicka K. Small Noncoding RNAs in Knee Osteoarthritis: The Role of MicroRNAs and tRNA-Derived Fragments. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5711. [PMID: 34071929 PMCID: PMC8198041 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative knee joint disease that results from the breakdown of joint cartilage and underlying bone, affecting about 3.3% of the world's population. As OA is a multifactorial disease, the underlying pathological process is closely associated with genetic changes in articular cartilage and bone. Many studies have focused on the role of small noncoding RNAs in OA and identified numbers of microRNAs that play important roles in regulating bone and cartilage homeostasis. The connection between other types of small noncoding RNAs, especially tRNA-derived fragments and knee osteoarthritis is still elusive. The observation that there is limited information about small RNAs different than miRNAs in knee OA was very surprising to us, especially given the fact that tRNA fragments are known to participate in a plethora of human diseases and a portion of them are even more abundant than miRNAs. Inspired by these findings, in this review we have summarized the possible involvement of microRNAs and tRNA-derived fragments in the pathology of knee osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Zacharjasz
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 61-704 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Anna M. Mleczko
- Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 61-614 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Paweł Bąkowski
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rehasport Clinic, 60-201 Poznan, Poland; (P.B.); (T.P.)
| | - Tomasz Piontek
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rehasport Clinic, 60-201 Poznan, Poland; (P.B.); (T.P.)
- Department of Spine Disorders and Pediatric Orthopedics, University of Medical Sciences Poznan, 61-854 Poznan, Poland
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15
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Roles of tRNA metabolism in aging and lifespan. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:548. [PMID: 34039958 PMCID: PMC8154886 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03838-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) mainly function as adapter molecules that decode messenger RNAs (mRNAs) during protein translation by delivering amino acids to the ribosome. Traditionally, tRNAs are considered as housekeepers without additional functions. Nevertheless, it has become apparent from biological research that tRNAs are involved in various physiological and pathological processes. Aging is a form of gradual decline in physiological function that ultimately leads to increased vulnerability to multiple chronic diseases and death. Interestingly, tRNA metabolism is closely associated with aging and lifespan. In this review, we summarize the emerging roles of tRNA-associated metabolism, such as tRNA transcription, tRNA molecules, tRNA modifications, tRNA aminoacylation, and tRNA derivatives, in aging and lifespan, aiming to provide new ideas for developing therapeutics and ultimately extending lifespan in humans.
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Use of Omics Data in Fracture Prediction; a Scoping and Systematic Review in Horses and Humans. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11040959. [PMID: 33808497 PMCID: PMC8065418 DOI: 10.3390/ani11040959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Despite many recent advances in imaging and epidemiological data analysis, musculoskeletal injuries continue to be a welfare issue in racehorses. Omics studies describe the study of protein, genetic material (both DNA and RNA, including microRNAs—small non-coding ribonucleic acids) and metabolites that may provide insights into the pathophysiology of disease or opportunities to monitor response to treatment when measured in bodily fluids. As these fields of study are scientifically complex and highly specialised, it is timely to perform a review of the current literature to allow for the design of robust studies that allow for repeatable work. Systematic reviews have been introduced into the medical literature and are a methodological way of searching for relevant papers followed by critical review of the content and a detection of biases. The objectives of the current systematic review were to identify and critically appraise the literature pertaining to microRNA (miRNA) and their target genes that are correlated with stress fractures in racehorses and humans. The object was to define a panel of miRNAs and their target genes as potential biomarkers in either horses or human subjects. The online scientific databases were searched and a reviewed was performed according to preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. MicroRNA profiling studies in horses continue to emerge, but as of yet, no miRNA profile can reliably predict the occurrence of fractures. It is very important that future studies are well designed to mitigate the effects of variation in sample size, exercise and normalisation methods. Abstract Despite many recent advances in imaging and epidemiological data analysis, musculoskeletal injuries continue to be a welfare issue in racehorses. Peptide biomarker studies have failed to consistently predict bone injury. Molecular profiling studies provide an opportunity to study equine musculoskeletal disease. A systematic review of the literature was performed using preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines to assess the use of miRNA profiling studies in equine and human musculoskeletal injuries. Data were extracted from 40 papers between 2008 and 2020. Three miRNA studies profiling equine musculoskeletal disease were identified, none of which related to equine stress fractures. Eleven papers studied miRNA profiles in osteoporotic human patients with fractures, but differentially expressed miRNAs were not consistent between studies. MicroRNA target prediction programmes also produced conflicting results between studies. Exercise affected miRNA profiles in both horse and human studies (e.g., miR-21 was upregulated by endurance exercise and miR-125b was downregulated by exercise). MicroRNA profiling studies in horses continue to emerge, but as yet, no miRNA profile can reliably predict the occurrence of fractures. It is very important that future studies are well designed to mitigate the effects of variation in sample size, exercise and normalisation methods.
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Yu H, Tian L, Yang L, Liu S, Wang S, Gong J. Knockdown of SNORA47 Inhibits the Tumorigenesis of NSCLC via Mediation of PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway. Front Oncol 2021; 11:620213. [PMID: 33816250 PMCID: PMC8017274 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.620213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a frequently diagnosed aggressive cancer all over the world. Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are a group of non-coding mediatory RNAs. A previous report indicated that small nucleolar RNA 47 (SNORA47) is upregulated in NSCLC. However, the role of SNORA47 in NSCLC is unclear. Material and Methods Cell proliferation was measured by immunofluorescence staining. Cell apoptosis and cycle of NSCLC were tested by flow cytometry and the protein expressions were investigated by Western-blot. Meanwhile, cell migration and invasion were detected by transwell assay. Xenograft mice model was established to detect the effect of SNORA47 knockdown on tumor growth of NSLC in vivo. Results Knockdown of SNORA47 significantly inhibited the proliferation of NSCLC cells via inducing cell apoptosis. Moreover, migration and invasion of NSCLC cells were notably decreased by SNORA47 shRNA. SNORA47 knockdown significantly induced G1 arrest in NSCLC cells via regulation of p27 Kip1, CDK2, and cyclin D1. Meanwhile, SNORA47 shRNA inhibited EMT process and PI3K/Akt signaling in NSCLC cells. Finally, silencing of SNORA47 significantly inhibited the tumor growth of NSCLC in vivo. Conclusion Knockdown of SNORA47 significantly inhibited the tumorigenesis of NSCLC via inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling and EMT process. Thereby, our finding might shed a new light on exploring the strategies for the treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqing Yu
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Tian
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Liejun Yang
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Shihong Liu
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Sixiong Wang
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Juan Gong
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
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