1
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Wezynfeld NE, Sudzik D, Tobolska A, Makarova K, Stefaniak E, Frączyk T, Wawrzyniak UE, Bal W. The Angiotensin Metabolite His-Leu Is a Strong Copper Chelator Forming Highly Redox Active Species. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:12268-12280. [PMID: 38877980 PMCID: PMC11220758 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
His-Leu is a hydrolytic byproduct of angiotensin metabolism, whose concentration in the bloodstream could be at least micromolar. This encouraged us to investigate its Cu(II) binding properties and the concomitant redox reactivity. The Cu(II) binding constants were derived from isothermal titration calorimetry and potentiometry, while identities and structures of complexes were obtained from ultraviolet-visible, circular dichroism, and room-temperature electronic paramagnetic resonance spectroscopies. Four types of Cu(II)/His-Leu complexes were detected. The histamine-like complexes prevail at low pH. At neutral and mildly alkaline pH and low Cu(II):His-Leu ratios, they are superseded by diglycine-like complexes involving the deprotonated peptide nitrogen. At His-Leu:Cu(II) ratios of ≥2, bis-complexes are formed instead. Above pH 10.5, a diglycine-like complex containing the equatorially coordinated hydroxyl group predominates at all ratios tested. Cu(II)/His-Leu complexes are also strongly redox active, as demonstrated by voltammetric studies and the ascorbate oxidation assay. Finally, numeric competition simulations with human serum albumin, glycyl-histydyl-lysine, and histidine revealed that His-Leu might be a part of the low-molecular weight Cu(II) pool in blood if its abundance is >10 μM. These results yield further questions, such as the biological relevance of ternary complexes containing His-Leu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina E. Wezynfeld
- Chair of
Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dobromiła Sudzik
- Institute
of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy
of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Tobolska
- Chair of
Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katerina Makarova
- Institute
of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy
of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
- Department
of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Faculty
of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 61, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewelina Stefaniak
- Institute
of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy
of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
- National
Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College
London, Molecular Sciences
Research Hub, London W12
0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Tomasz Frączyk
- Institute
of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy
of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Urszula E. Wawrzyniak
- Chair of
Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Bal
- Institute
of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy
of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
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2
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Min JH, Sarlus H, Harris RA. Glycyl-l-histidyl-l-lysine prevents copper- and zinc-induced protein aggregation and central nervous system cell death in vitro. Metallomics 2024; 16:mfae019. [PMID: 38599632 PMCID: PMC11135135 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfae019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Common features of neurodegenerative diseases are oxidative and inflammatory imbalances as well as the misfolding of proteins. An excess of free metal ions can be pathological and contribute to cell death, but only copper and zinc strongly promote protein aggregation. Herein we demonstrate that the endogenous copper-binding tripeptide glycyl-l-histidyl-l-lysine (GHK) has the ability to bind to and reduce copper redox activity and to prevent copper- and zinc-induced cell death in vitro. In addition, GHK prevents copper- and zinc-induced bovine serum albumin aggregation and reverses aggregation through resolubilizing the protein. We further demonstrate the enhanced toxicity of copper during inflammation and the ability of GHK to attenuate this toxicity. Finally, we investigated the effects of copper on enhancing paraquat toxicity and report a protective effect of GHK. We therefore conclude that GHK has potential as a cytoprotective compound with regard to copper and zinc toxicity, with positive effects on protein solubility and aggregation that warrant further investigation in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hong Min
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Heela Sarlus
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Robert A Harris
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
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3
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Xu W, Aikeremu D, Wang H, Li J, Li H. Metal Ion-Peptide-Intermediated Ligand Transfer for Serum Detection of the Omicron Variant of SARS-Cov-2 in Echinococcosis Patients. Anal Chem 2023. [PMID: 37314956 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c00656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A method is developed to electrochemically induce target-specific covalent capturing of the spike protein of SARS-Cov-2, forming a covalent peptide-protein complex fit for working with such complicated clinical samples. Specifically, peptide-coordinated copper ions can be electrochemically controlled to induce cross-linkage between certain amino acids on the peptide probe and the target protein. Therefore, target specificity can be tuned electrochemically, realizing highly specific targeting of the omicron S protein or broader specificity toward all variants of the virus. Using this method, with electrochemically catalyzed generation of signal-enhancing molecules, the sensitivity and covalent detection allow their application in both serum and fecal samples. These results may point to their possible use in screening new variants of the virus in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanlong Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Dilimulati Aikeremu
- Department of Orthopedics, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830001, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830001, China
| | - Jinlong Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Hao Li
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250024, China
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4
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Drew SC. Chelator PBT2 Forms a Ternary Cu 2+ Complex with β-Amyloid That Has High Stability but Low Specificity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119267. [PMID: 37298218 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The metal chelator PBT2 (5,7-dichloro-2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-8-hydroxyquinoline) acts as a terdentate ligand capable of forming binary and ternary Cu2+ complexes. It was clinically trialed as an Alzheimer's disease (AD) therapy but failed to progress beyond phase II. The β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide associated with AD was recently concluded to form a unique Cu(Aβ) complex that is inaccessible to PBT2. Herein, it is shown that the species ascribed to this binary Cu(Aβ) complex in fact corresponds to ternary Cu(PBT2)NImAβ complexes formed by the anchoring of Cu(PBT2) on imine nitrogen (NIm) donors of His side chains. The primary site of ternary complex formation is His6, with a conditional stepwise formation constant at pH 7.4 (Kc [M-1]) of logKc = 6.4 ± 0.1, and a second site is supplied by His13 or His14 (logKc = 4.4 ± 0.1). The stability of Cu(PBT2)NImH13/14 is comparable with that of the simplest Cu(PBT2)NIm complexes involving the NIm coordination of free imidazole (logKc = 4.22 ± 0.09) and histamine (logKc = 4.00 ± 0.05). The 100-fold larger formation constant for Cu(PBT2)NImH6 indicates that outer-sphere ligand-peptide interactions strongly stabilize its structure. Despite the relatively high stability of Cu(PBT2)NImH6, PBT2 is a promiscuous chelator capable of forming a ternary Cu(PBT2)NIm complex with any ligand containing an NIm donor. These ligands include histamine, L-His, and ubiquitous His side chains of peptides and proteins in the extracellular milieu, whose combined effect should outweigh that of a single Cu(PBT2)NImH6 complex regardless of its stability. We therefore conclude that PBT2 is capable of accessing Cu(Aβ) complexes with high stability but low specificity. The results have implications for future AD therapeutic strategies and understanding the role of PBT2 in the bulk transport of transition metal ions. Given the repurposing of PBT2 as a drug for breaking antibiotic resistance, ternary Cu(PBT2)NIm and analogous Zn(PBT2)NIm complexes may be relevant to its antimicrobial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon C Drew
- Brain-Immune Communication Lab, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, F-75015 Paris, France
- Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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5
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Chemistry towards Biology. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043998. [PMID: 36835407 PMCID: PMC9960482 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Although it may not seem like it, chemical biology has existed for a long time from today's perspective [...].
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6
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Tobolska A, Głowacz K, Ciosek-Skibińska P, Bal W, Wróblewski W, Wezynfeld NE. Dual mode of voltammetric studies on Cu(II) complexes of His2 peptides: phosphate and peptide sequence recognition. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:18143-18151. [PMID: 36385190 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03078k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Copper(II) complexes of peptides with a histidine residue at the second position (His2 peptides) provide a unique profile of electrochemical behavior, offering signals of both Cu(II) reduction and Cu(II) oxidation. Furthermore, their structures with vacant positions in the equatorial coordination plane could facilitate interactions with other biomolecules. In this work, we designed a library of His2 peptides based on the sequence of Aβ5-9 (RHDSG), an amyloid beta peptide derivative. The changes in the Aβ5-9 sequence highly affect the Cu(II) oxidation signals, altered further by anionic species. As a result, Cu(II) complexes of Arg1 peptides without Asp residues were chosen as the most promising peptide-based molecular receptors for phosphates. The voltammetric data on Cu(II) oxidation for binary Cu(II)-His2 peptide complexes and ternary Cu(II)-His2 peptide/phosphate systems were also tested for His2 peptide recognition. We achieved a highly promising identification of subtle modifications in the peptide sequence. Thus, we introduce voltammetric measurement as a potential novel tool for peptide sequence recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Tobolska
- Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland. .,Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Klaudia Głowacz
- Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Patrycja Ciosek-Skibińska
- Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Bal
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Wróblewski
- Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Nina E Wezynfeld
- Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
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7
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Jayawardena BM, Peacey L, Gamsjaeger R, Jones CE. Essential Role of Histidine for Rapid Copper(II)-Mediated Disassembly of Neurokinin B Amyloid. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12111585. [PMID: 36358935 PMCID: PMC9687585 DOI: 10.3390/biom12111585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurokinin B is a tachykinin peptide involved in a diverse range of neuronal functions. It rapidly forms an amyloid, which is considered physiologically important for efficient packing into dense core secretory vesicles within hypothalamic neurons. Disassembly of the amyloid is thought to require the presence of copper ions, which interact with histidine at the third position in the peptide sequence. However, it is unclear how the histidine is involved in the amyloid structure and why copper coordination can trigger disassembly. In this work, we demonstrate that histidine contributes to the amyloid structure via π-stacking interactions with nearby phenylalanine residues. The ability of neurokinin B to form an amyloid is dependent on any aromatic residue at the third position in the sequence; however, only the presence of histidine leads to both amyloid formation and rapid copper-induced disassembly.
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8
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Why the Ala-His-His Peptide Is an Appropriate Scaffold to Remove and Redox Silence Copper Ions from the Alzheimer’s-Related Aβ Peptide. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12101327. [PMID: 36291536 PMCID: PMC9599918 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The progressive, neurodegenerative Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most widespread dementia. Due to the ageing of the population and the current lack of molecules able to prevent or stop the disease, AD will be even more impactful for society in the future. AD is a multifactorial disease, and, among other factors, metal ions have been regarded as potential therapeutic targets. This is the case for the redox-competent Cu ions involved in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) when bound to the Alzheimer-related Aβ peptide, a process that contributes to the overall oxidative stress and inflammation observed in AD. Here, we made use of peptide ligands to stop the Cu(Aβ)-induced ROS production and we showed why the AHH sequence is fully appropriate, while the two parents, AH and AAH, are not. The AHH peptide keeps its beneficial ability against Cu(Aβ)-induced ROS, even in the presence of ZnII-competing ions and other biologically relevant ions. The detailed kinetic mechanism by which AHH could exert its action against Cu(Aβ)-induced ROS is also proposed.
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9
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Kotuniak R, Bal W. Kinetics of Cu(II) complexation by ATCUN/NTS and related peptides: a gold mine of novel ideas for copper biology. Dalton Trans 2021; 51:14-26. [PMID: 34816848 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02878b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cu(II)-peptide complexes are intensely studied as models for biological peptides and proteins and for their direct importance in copper homeostasis and dyshomeostasis in human diseases. In particular, high-affinity ATCUN/NTS (amino-terminal copper and nickel/N-terminal site) motifs present in proteins and peptides are considered as Cu(II) transport agents for copper delivery to cells. The information on the affinities and structures of such complexes derived from steady-state methods appears to be insufficient to resolve the mechanisms of copper trafficking, while kinetic studies have recently shown promise in explaining them. Stopped-flow experiments of Cu(II) complexation to ATCUN/NTS peptides revealed the presence of reaction steps with rates much slower than the diffusion limit due to the formation of novel intermediate species. Herein, the state of the field in Cu(II)-peptide kinetics is reviewed in the context of physiological data, leading to novel ideas in copper biology, together with the discussion of current methodological issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radosław Kotuniak
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Science, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Bal
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Science, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
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10
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Tobolska A, Wezynfeld NE, Wawrzyniak UE, Bal W, Wróblewski W. Tuning Receptor Properties of Metal-Amyloid Beta Complexes. Studies on the Interaction between Ni(II)-Aβ 5-9 and Phosphates/Nucleotides. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:19448-19456. [PMID: 34878265 PMCID: PMC8693174 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides, potentially relevant in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease, possess distinctive coordination properties, enabling an effective binding of transition-metal ions, with a preference for Cu(II). In this work, we found that a N-truncated Aβ analogue bearing a His-2 motif, Aβ5-9, forms a stable Ni(II) high-spin octahedral complex at a physiological pH of 7.4 with labile coordination sites and facilitates ternary interactions with phosphates and nucleotides. As the pH increased above 9, a spin transition from a high-spin to a low-spin square-planar Ni(II) complex was observed. Employing electrochemical techniques, we showed that interactions between the binary Ni(II)-Aβ5-9 complex and phosphate species result in significant changes in the Ni(II) oxidation signal. Thus, the Ni(II)-Aβ5-9 complex could potentially serve as a receptor in electrochemical biosensors for phosphate species. The obtained results could also be important for nickel toxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Tobolska
- Chair
of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, Warsaw 00-664, Poland
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Nina E. Wezynfeld
- Chair
of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, Warsaw 00-664, Poland
| | - Urszula E. Wawrzyniak
- Chair
of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, Warsaw 00-664, Poland
| | - Wojciech Bal
- Institute
of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, Warsaw 02-106, Poland
| | - Wojciech Wróblewski
- Chair
of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, Warsaw 00-664, Poland
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11
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Ufnalska I, Drew SC, Zhukov I, Szutkowski K, Wawrzyniak UE, Wróblewski W, Frączyk T, Bal W. Intermediate Cu(II)-Thiolate Species in the Reduction of Cu(II)GHK by Glutathione: A Handy Chelate for Biological Cu(II) Reduction. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:18048-18057. [PMID: 34781677 PMCID: PMC8653159 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Gly-His-Lys (GHK)
is a tripeptide present in the human bloodstream
that exhibits a number of biological functions. Its activity is attributed
to the copper-complexed form, Cu(II)GHK. Little is known, however,
about the molecular aspects of the mechanism of its action. Here,
we examined the reaction of Cu(II)GHK with reduced glutathione (GSH),
which is the strongest reductant naturally occurring in human plasma.
Spectroscopic techniques (UV–vis, CD, EPR, and NMR) and cyclic
voltammetry helped unravel the reaction mechanism. The impact of temperature,
GSH concentration, oxygen access, and the presence of ternary ligands
on the reaction were explored. The transient GSH-Cu(II)GHK complex
was found to be an important reaction intermediate. The kinetic and
redox properties of this complex, including tuning of the reduction
rate by ternary ligands, suggest that it may provide a missing link
in copper trafficking as a precursor of Cu(I) ions, for example, for
their acquisition by the CTR1 cellular copper transporter. Gly-His-Lys (GHK) is a human bioactive
tripeptide thought
to be activated by Cu(II) binding, but little is known about the molecular
aspects of its action. UV−vis, circular dichroism (CD), EPR,
and NMR spectroscopies, and cyclic voltammetry were used to examine
the reduction of Cu(II)GHK with glutathione (GSH), the most abundant
biological thiol. A semistable GSH-Cu(II)GHK reaction intermediate
was discovered, with properties suitable for delivering Cu(I) to biological
transport proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Ufnalska
- Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, Warsaw 00-664, Poland
| | - Simon C Drew
- Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Igor Zhukov
- Polish Academy of Sciences Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Pawińskiego 5a, Warsaw 02-106, Poland
| | - Kosma Szutkowski
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, Poznań 61-614, Poland
| | - Urszula E Wawrzyniak
- Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, Warsaw 00-664, Poland
| | - Wojciech Wróblewski
- Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, Warsaw 00-664, Poland
| | - Tomasz Frączyk
- Polish Academy of Sciences Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Pawińskiego 5a, Warsaw 02-106, Poland
| | - Wojciech Bal
- Polish Academy of Sciences Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Pawińskiego 5a, Warsaw 02-106, Poland
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12
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Bossak-Ahmad K, Bal W, Frączyk T, Drew SC. Ternary Cu 2+ Complexes of Human Serum Albumin and Glycyl-l-histidyl-l-lysine. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:16927-16931. [PMID: 34730942 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Human serum albumin (HSA) and the growth factor glycyl-l-histidyl-l-lysine (GHK) bind Cu2+ as part of their normal functions. GHK is found at its highest concentration in the albumin-rich fraction of plasma, leading to speculation that HSA and GHK form a ternary Cu2+ complex. Although preliminary evidence was presented 40 years ago, the structure and stability of such a complex have remained elusive. Here, we show that two ternary Cu(GHK)NImHSA complexes are formed between GHK and the imino nitrogen (NIm) of His side chains of HSA. We identified His3 as one site of ternary complex formation (conditional binding constant cKCu(GHK)NImHis3Cu(GHK) = 2900 M-1 at pH 7.4), with the second site (cKCu(GHK)NImHisXCu(GHK) = 1700 M-1) likely being supplied by either His128 or His510. Together with the established role of HSA as a molecular shuttle in the blood, these complexes may aid the transport of the exchangeable Cu2+ pool and the functional form of GHK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Bossak-Ahmad
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-106, Poland
| | - Wojciech Bal
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-106, Poland
| | - Tomasz Frączyk
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-106, Poland
| | - Simon C Drew
- Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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13
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Beuning CN, Zocchi LJ, Malikidogo KP, Esmieu C, Dorlet P, Crans DC, Hureau C. Measurement of Interpeptidic Cu II Exchange Rate Constants of Cu II-Amyloid-β Complexes to Small Peptide Motifs by Tryptophan Fluorescence Quenching. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:7650-7659. [PMID: 33983723 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The interpeptidic CuII exchange rate constants were measured for two Cu amyloid-β complexes, Cu(Aβ1-16) and Cu(Aβ1-28), to fluorescent peptides GHW and DAHW using a quantitative tryptophan fluorescence quenching methodology. The second-order rate constants were determined at three pH values (6.8, 7.4, and 8.7) important to the two Cu(Aβ) coordination complexes, components Cu(Aβ)I and Cu(Aβ)II. The interpeptidic CuII exchange rate constant is approximately 104 M-1 s-1 but varies in magnitude depending on many variables. These include pH, length of the Aβ peptide, location of the anchoring histidine ligand in the fluorescent peptide, number of amide deprotonations required in the tryptophan peptide to coordinate CuII, and interconversion between Cu(Aβ)I and Cu(Aβ)II. We also present EPR data probing the CuII exchange between peptides and the formation of ternary species between Cu(Aβ) and GHW. As the nonfluorescent GHK and DAHK peptides are important motifs found in the blood and serum, their ability to sequester CuII ions from Cu(Aβ) complexes may be relevant for the metal homeostasis and its implication in Alzheimer's disease. Thus, their kinetic CuII interpeptidic exchange rate constants are important chemical rate constants that can help elucidate the complex CuII trafficking puzzle in the synaptic cleft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryle N Beuning
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Luca J Zocchi
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | | | | | - Pierre Dorlet
- CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, IMM, 13400 Marseille, France
| | - Debbie C Crans
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
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14
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Jenny KA, Ruggles EL, Liptak MD, Masterson DS, Hondal RJ. Ergothioneine in a peptide: Substitution of histidine with 2-thiohistidine in bioactive peptides. J Pept Sci 2021; 27:e3339. [PMID: 34008255 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Ergothioneine (EGT) is the betaine of 2-thiohistidine (2-thioHis) and may be the last undiscovered vitamin. EGT cannot be incorporated into a peptide because the α-nitrogen is trimethylated, although this would be advantageous as an EGT-like moiety in a peptide would impart unique antioxidant and metal chelation properties. The amino acid 2-thioHis is an analogue of EGT and can be incorporated into a peptide, although there is only one reported occurrence of this in the literature. A likely reason is the harsh conditions reported for protection of the thione, with similarly harsh conditions used in order to achieve deprotection after synthesis. Here, we report a novel strategy for the incorporation of 2-thioHis into peptides in which we decided to leave the thione unprotected. This decision was based upon the reported low reactivity of EGT with 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB), a very electrophilic disulfide. This strategy was successful, and we report here the synthesis of 2-thioHis analogues of carnosine (βAH), GHK-tripeptide, and HGPLGPL. Each of these peptides contain a histidine (His) residue and possesses biological activity. Our results show that substitution of His with 2-thioHis imparts strong antioxidant, radical scavenging, and copper binding properties to the peptide. Notably, we found that the 2-thioHis analogue of GHK-tripeptide was able to completely quench the hydroxyl and ABTS radicals in our assays, and its antioxidant capacity was significantly greater than would be expected based on the antioxidant capacity of free 2-thioHis. Our work makes possible greater future use of 2-thioHis in peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaelyn A Jenny
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Erik L Ruggles
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Matthew D Liptak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Douglas S Masterson
- School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi, USA
| | - Robert J Hondal
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
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15
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Tobolska A, Wezynfeld NE, Wawrzyniak UE, Bal W, Wróblewski W. Copper(ii) complex of N-truncated amyloid-β peptide bearing a His-2 motif as a potential receptor for phosphate anions. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:2726-2730. [PMID: 33576751 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03898a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical and spectroscopic studies demonstrated that the N-truncated amyloid β peptide Aβ5-9 (Arg-His-Asp-Ser-Gly-NH2) possessing histidine at position 2 (His-2) formed ternary complexes with copper(ii) and phosphate anions or phosphate groups of biomolecules. The recognition ability of Cu(ii)-Aβ5-9 toward phosphate species provided a new perspective on designing phosphate-selective molecular receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Tobolska
- Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
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16
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Frączyk T. Cu(II)-Binding N-Terminal Sequences of Human Proteins. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2100043. [PMID: 33617675 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Proteins anchor copper(II) ions mainly by imidazole from histidine residues located in different positions in the primary protein structures. However, the motifs with histidine in the first three N-terminal positions (His1 , His2 , and His3 ) show unique Cu(II)-binding properties, such as availability from the surface of the protein, high flexibility, and high Cu(II) exchangeability with other ligands. It makes such sequences beneficial for the fast exchange of Cu(II) between ligands. Furthermore, sequences with His1 and His2 , thus, non-saturating the Cu(II) coordination sphere, are redox-active and may play a role in Cu(II) reduction to Cu(I). All human protein sequences deposited in UniProt Knowledgebase were browsed for those containing His1 , His2 , or His3 . Proteolytically modified sequences (with the removal of a propeptide or Met residue) were taken for the analysis. Finally, the sequences were sorted out according to the subcellular localization of the proteins to match the respective sequences with the probability of interaction with divalent copper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Frączyk
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
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17
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Wezynfeld NE, Tobolska A, Mital M, Wawrzyniak UE, Wiloch MZ, Płonka D, Bossak-Ahmad K, Wróblewski W, Bal W. Aβ 5-x Peptides: N-Terminal Truncation Yields Tunable Cu(II) Complexes. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:14000-14011. [PMID: 32924459 PMCID: PMC7539298 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The Aβ5-x peptides (x = 38, 40, 42) are minor Aβ species in normal brains but elevated upon the application of inhibitors of Aβ processing enzymes. They are interesting from the point of view of coordination chemistry for the presence of an Arg-His metal binding sequence at their N-terminus capable of forming a 3-nitrogen (3N) three-coordinate chelate system. Similar sequences in other bioactive peptides were shown to bind Cu(II) ions in biological systems. Therefore, we investigated Cu(II) complex formation and reactivity of a series of truncated Aβ5-x peptide models comprising the metal binding site: Aβ5-9, Aβ5-12, Aβ5-12Y10F, and Aβ5-16. Using CD and UV-vis spectroscopies and potentiometry, we found that all peptides coordinated the Cu(II) ion with substantial affinities higher than 3 × 1012 M-1 at pH 7.4 for Aβ5-9 and Aβ5-12. This affinity was elevated 3-fold in Aβ5-16 by the formation of the internal macrochelate with the fourth coordination site occupied by the imidazole nitrogen of the His13 or His14 residue. A much higher boost of affinity could be achieved in Aβ5-9 and Aβ5-12 by adding appropriate amounts of the external imidazole ligand. The 3N Cu-Aβ5-x complexes could be irreversibly reduced to Cu(I) at about -0.6 V vs Ag/AgCl and oxidized to Cu(III) at about 1.2 V vs Ag/AgCl. The internal or external imidazole coordination to the 3N core resulted in a slight destabilization of the Cu(I) state and stabilization of the Cu(III) state. Taken together these results indicate that Aβ5-x peptides, which bind Cu(II) ions much more strongly than Aβ1-x peptides and only slightly weaker than Aβ4-x peptides could interfere with Cu(II) handling by these peptides, adding to copper dyshomeostasis in Alzheimer brains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina E Wezynfeld
- Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Tobolska
- Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.,Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mariusz Mital
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Urszula E Wawrzyniak
- Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Z Wiloch
- Charge Transfer Processes in Hydrodynamic Systems Group, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dawid Płonka
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Bossak-Ahmad
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Wróblewski
- Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Bal
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
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