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Imran I, Moin SF, Saleem S, Azhar A, Zehra S. Bioaccumulation of Chloropyrifos Organo-pesticide and Its Toxicogenic Association with Antioxidant GSTP1 in Pakistani Pest Control Workers. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:3331-3343. [PMID: 37646887 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04649-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic pesticides are employed to enhance agricultural production. Chronic exposure to organophosphate (OP) pesticides may be a source of health problems. The present study was designed to examine an association of GSTP1 (rs1695) polymorphism with OP pesticide chronic exposure. A case-control study was recruited with 250 subjects comprising exposed (n = 100) and controls (n = 150). A survey was conducted to determine the pesticide type to which workers had exposed. According to recorded survey assessment, two compounds of OP pesticides chloropyrifos and malathion were investigated in the blood samples of exposed study subjects using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). For screening of genetic polymorphism in GSTP1 (rs1695) polymerase chain reaction, restriction length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and agarose gel electrophoresis were performed. Statistically, data were analyzed using SPSS v. 20.0 and MedCal© software. Total chrom© navigator programmer was used for detection of OP residues in serum and local pesticide solution. chloropyrifos-OP pesticide residues were detected in serum of estimated chronically exposed subjects at 206 nm HPLC optimal conditions. The pattern of GSTP1 (rs1695) genotypic frequencies depicted that heterozygous genotype was higher in Chloropyrifos exposed subjects (0.56) when compared with controls (0.44). Statistical outcomes showed an insignificant association with GSTP1 (rs1695) polymorphism and chloropyrifos-OP pesticide toxicity (Fisher's exact test 1.0, p = 0.25). An insignificant allelic investigation reflected a protective effect of mutant allele G against chloropyrifos-OP pesticide toxicity in exposed subjects. Findings may be helpful in identifying bioaccumulated pesticide residues, but in studied Pakistani exposed workers, no significant association of GSTP1 (rs1695) variant with chloropyrifos-OPs was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iffat Imran
- The Karachi Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (KIBGE), University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.
- Ziauddin University Faculty of Engineering, Science, Technology and Management (ZUFESTM), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Block B, North Nazimabad, Karachi, F-10374600, Pakistan.
| | - Syed Faraz Moin
- Dr. Zafar H. Zaidi Center for Proteomics, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Saima Saleem
- The Karachi Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (KIBGE), University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Abid Azhar
- The Karachi Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (KIBGE), University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Sitwat Zehra
- The Karachi Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (KIBGE), University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
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Khan SA, Nurulain SM, Qureshi RN, Zafar A, Riaz Z, Shoukat A, Muneer Z, Bibi N, Raza S, Hussain S, Shah STA. Exposure to heavy metals, antioxidant status, and the interaction of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the genes CAT rs7943316, GSTP1 rs1695, as well as GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes, among workers in occupational settings. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 108:104452. [PMID: 38663648 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Individuals working in diverse fields are consistently exposed to work-related pollutants that can impact their overall health. The current study investigated the presence of pollutants in seven different occupational groups and their impact on human health. Biochemical and genetic approaches were employed. Heavy metals were determined by ICP-MS technique. Oxidative stress biochemical markers and molecular analysis of the glutathione transferases gene SNPs (GSTT1, GSTM1, GSTP1), catalase (CAT, rs7943316), and superoxide dismutase (SOD, rs17880487) was carried out. The results revealed a significantly higher quantity of Cd among five occupational groups. Catalase, malonaldehyde, and glutathione was significantly dysregulated. Molecular analysis of the gene SNPs suggests a probable relationship between the antioxidants and the phenotypic expression of the CAT, GSTP1, GSTT1, and GSTM1 SNPs. It is concluded that chronic exposure to occupational contaminants like Cd affects human health through oxidative stress in association with some of their gene SNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sosan Andleeb Khan
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad Campus, Park Road Tarlai, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
| | - Syed Muhammad Nurulain
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad Campus, Park Road Tarlai, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan; Department of Biosciences, Grand Asian University Sialkot, Pakistan.
| | - Rashid Nazir Qureshi
- Central Analytical Facility Division, Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology (PINSTEC), Pakistan
| | - Amina Zafar
- Central Analytical Facility Division, Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology (PINSTEC), Pakistan
| | - Zarish Riaz
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad Campus, Park Road Tarlai, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Shoukat
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad Campus, Park Road Tarlai, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
| | - Zahid Muneer
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad Campus, Park Road Tarlai, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
| | - Nazia Bibi
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad Campus, Park Road Tarlai, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
| | - Saqlain Raza
- Respiratory Care Department, College of Applied Medical Science in Jubail, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Jubail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabir Hussain
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad Campus, Park Road Tarlai, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
| | - Syed Tahir Abbas Shah
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad Campus, Park Road Tarlai, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
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Melloni M, Sergi D, Simioni C, Passaro A, Neri LM. Microalgae as a Nutraceutical Tool to Antagonize the Impairment of Redox Status Induced by SNPs: Implications on Insulin Resistance. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12030449. [PMID: 36979141 PMCID: PMC10044993 DOI: 10.3390/biology12030449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae represent a growing innovative source of nutraceuticals such as carotenoids and phenolic compound which are naturally present within these single-celled organisms or can be induced in response to specific growth conditions. The presence of the unfavourable allelic variant in genes involved in the control of oxidative stress, due to one or more SNPs in gene encoding protein involved in the regulation of redox balance, can lead to pathological conditions such as insulin resistance, which, in turn, is directly involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this review we provide an overview of the main SNPs in antioxidant genes involved in the promotion of insulin resistance with a focus on the potential role of microalgae-derived antioxidant molecules as novel nutritional tools to mitigate oxidative stress and improve insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Melloni
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.M.); (D.S.)
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.M.); (D.S.)
| | - Carolina Simioni
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA)—Electron Microscopy Center, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Angelina Passaro
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.M.); (D.S.)
- Medical Department, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant’Anna, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy
- Research and Innovation Section, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant’Anna, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (L.M.N.); Tel.: +39-0532-236291 (A.P.); +39-0532-455940 (L.M.N.)
| | - Luca Maria Neri
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.M.); (D.S.)
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA)—Electron Microscopy Center, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (L.M.N.); Tel.: +39-0532-236291 (A.P.); +39-0532-455940 (L.M.N.)
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Pathak VM, Verma VK, Rawat BS, Kaur B, Babu N, Sharma A, Dewali S, Yadav M, Kumari R, Singh S, Mohapatra A, Pandey V, Rana N, Cunill JM. Current status of pesticide effects on environment, human health and it's eco-friendly management as bioremediation: A comprehensive review. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:962619. [PMID: 36060785 PMCID: PMC9428564 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.962619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pesticides are either natural or chemically synthesized compounds that are used to control a variety of pests. These chemical compounds are used in a variety of sectors like food, forestry, agriculture and aquaculture. Pesticides shows their toxicity into the living systems. The World Health Organization (WHO) categorizes them based on their detrimental effects, emphasizing the relevance of public health. The usage can be minimized to a least level by using them sparingly with a complete grasp of their categorization, which is beneficial to both human health and the environment. In this review, we have discussed pesticides with respect to their global scenarios, such as worldwide distribution and environmental impacts. Major literature focused on potential uses of pesticides, classification according to their properties and toxicity and their adverse effect on natural system (soil and aquatic), water, plants (growth, metabolism, genotypic and phenotypic changes and impact on plants defense system), human health (genetic alteration, cancer, allergies, and asthma), and preserve food products. We have also described eco-friendly management strategies for pesticides as a green solution, including bacterial degradation, myco-remediation, phytoremediation, and microalgae-based bioremediation. The microbes, using catabolic enzymes for degradation of pesticides and clean-up from the environment. This review shows the importance of finding potent microbes, novel genes, and biotechnological applications for pesticide waste management to create a sustainable environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vijay K. Verma
- Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Balwant Singh Rawat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gurukul Kangri Deemed to be University, Haridwar, India
| | - Baljinder Kaur
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Neelesh Babu
- Department of Microbiology, Baba Farid Institute of Technology, Sudhowala, India
| | - Akansha Sharma
- Allergy and Immunology Section, CSIR-IGIB, New Delhi, India
| | - Seeta Dewali
- Laboratory of Alternative Protocols in Zoology and Biotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Kumaun University, Nainital, India
| | - Monika Yadav
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Reshma Kumari
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, Gurukul Kangri Deemed to be University, Haridwar, India
| | - Sevaram Singh
- Multidisciplinary Clinical Translational Research, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
- Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Asutosh Mohapatra
- Food Process Engineering, National Institute of Food Technology, Entrepreneurship and Management, Thanjavur, India
| | - Varsha Pandey
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Newai Tonk, India
| | - Nitika Rana
- Department of Environmental Science, Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, India
| | - Jose Maria Cunill
- Biotechnology Engineering, Universidad Politécnica Metropolitana de Puebla, Mexico, Mexico
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Mitsumoto H, Garofalo DC, Gilmore M, Andrews L, Santella RM, Andrews H, McElhiney M, Murphy J, Nieves JW, Rabkin J, Hupf J, Horton DK, Mehta P, Factor-Litvak P. Case-control study in ALS using the National ALS Registry: lead and agricultural chemicals are potential risk factors. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2021; 23:190-202. [PMID: 34137650 DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2021.1936556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To identify occupational risk factors for ALS using well-characterized participants with ALS (P-ALS), sibling controls (S-controls), and matched population controls (P-controls) within the National ALS Registry. We also compared oxidative stress (OS) biomarkers between groups. Methods: P-ALS were recruited over 4 years. Demographic, socioeconomic, and medical data were ascertained from medical records and structured interviews. P-ALS were followed prospectively for 2 years or until death, whichever came sooner. S-controls and age-, sex-, race/ethnicity-, and residential location-matched P-controls were recruited over 3 years. Occupational exposure to lead and agricultural chemicals (ACs) were assigned by an occupational hygienist, blinded to case status. OS biomarkers in urine were measured. Results: P-ALS (mean age 62.8 years; 63% males) resided across the United States. Demographic and socioeconomic variables did not differ among P-ALS, S-controls, and P-controls. P-ALS were more likely to report occupations with exposure to lead (adjusted OR (aOR)=2.3, 95% CI 1.1, 4.6) and ACs (aOR = 2.4, 95% CI 1.2, 4.6) compared to pooled controls. Among those with occupations with exposure to both lead and ACs, aOR was 7.2 (95% CI 2.0, 26.1). Urinary 8-oxo-dG was significantly elevated among P-ALS (11.07 ± 5.42 ng/mL) compared to S-controls, P-controls, or pooled controls (pooled 7.43 ± 5.42 ng/mL; p < 0.0001) but was not associated with occupational exposure to either lead or ACs. Conclusions: Findings reveal increased risk of ALS diagnosis among those with occupational exposure to lead and ACs and increased OS biomarkers among cases compared to controls. OS may be an important pathogenic mechanism in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Mitsumoto
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Diana C Garofalo
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Madison Gilmore
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Leslie Andrews
- Department of Environmental Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Regina M Santella
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Howard Andrews
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Martin McElhiney
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jennifer Murphy
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA, and
| | - Jeri W Nieves
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Judith Rabkin
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan Hupf
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - D Kevin Horton
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Agency for Toxic Substance and Disease Registry (CDC/ATSDR), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Paul Mehta
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Agency for Toxic Substance and Disease Registry (CDC/ATSDR), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Pam Factor-Litvak
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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Chronic Exposure to Organophosphates Pesticides and Risk of Metabolic Disorder in Cohort from Pakistan and Cameroon. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18052310. [PMID: 33652791 PMCID: PMC7967685 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: Organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) are major chemicals used in agriculture for eradication of insecticides/pesticides. Unfortunately, the longtime exposure of human beings to OPPs could lead to metabolic disorder such as high blood pressure, hyperglycemia, overweight or dyslipidemia. The aim of this research is to evaluate the possible metabolic dysregulations as a consequence of chronic OPPs exposure to individuals in Cameroon and Pakistan. (2) Methods: Blood samples were collected from 300 participants in each country, into ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) tubes. The samples were extracted with solid phase extraction (methanol/water) for analysis of OPPs with gas chromatography mass spectrometry. The spectrophotometry and Enzyme Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA) were used to measure the hepatic, renal, pancreatic and cardiovascular functions. The atherogenic index (AI) was also determined in OPPs exposed and nonexposed cohorts. (3) Results: The results showed the presence of malathion, parathion and chlorpyrifos OPPs residues in Cameroonians, and malathion and chlorpyrifos in Pakistani samples, respectively. Elevated Body Mass Index (BMI), insulin, blood glucose, dyslipidemia and hypertension were noted in OPPs chronic exposed groups. In addition, dysregulated liver and kidney function profiles were observed in all participants regardless of gender and age groups. (4) Conclusions: The study concludes that both the study cohorts showed several metabolic dysregulations attributable to chronic exposure to a mixture of OPPs which may provide precursors for establishment of metabolic syndrome and other chronic diseases. Further different extended population-based studies are suggested to understand the differential metabolic dysfunctions caused by structurally different OPPs mixtures exposure.
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