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Hao X, Jiang B, Wu J, Xiang D, Xiong Z, Li C, Li Z, He S, Tu C, Li Z. Nanomaterials for bone metastasis. J Control Release 2024; 373:640-651. [PMID: 39084467 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.07.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Bone metastasis, a prevalent occurrence in primary malignant tumors, is often associated with a grim prognosis. The bone microenvironment comprises various coexisting cell types, working together in a coordinated manner. This dynamic microenvironment plays a pivotal role in the initiation and progression of bone metastases. While cancer therapies have made advancements, the available options for addressing bone metastases remain insufficient. The advent of nanotechnology has ushered in a new era for managing and preventing bone metastases because of the physicochemical and adaptable advantages of nanoplatforms. In this review, we make an introduction of the underlying mechanisms and the current clinical therapies of bone metastases, highlighting the advances of intelligent nanosystems that can stimulate vascular regeneration, promote bone regeneration, eliminate tumor cells, minimize bone damage, and expedite bone healing. The innovation surrounding bone-targeting nanoplatforms presents a fresh approach to the theranostics of bone metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Hao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Buchan Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Junyong Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Daxiong Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Zijian Xiong
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Chenbei Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Zhaoqi Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Shasha He
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.
| | - Chao Tu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, China.
| | - Zhihong Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Central South University, Guangdong 518063, China; FuRong Laboratory, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China.
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2
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Sun DS, Chang HH. Extracellular vesicles: Function, resilience, biomarker, bioengineering, and clinical implications. Tzu Chi Med J 2024; 36:251-259. [PMID: 38993825 PMCID: PMC11236075 DOI: 10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_28_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as key players in intercellular communication, disease pathology, and therapeutic innovation. Initially overlooked as cellular debris, EVs are now recognized as vital mediators of cell-to-cell communication, ferrying a cargo of proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, providing cellular resilience in response to stresses. This review provides a comprehensive overview of EVs, focusing on their role as biomarkers in disease diagnosis, their functional significance in physiological and pathological processes, and the potential of bioengineering for therapeutic applications. EVs offer a promising avenue for noninvasive disease diagnosis and monitoring, reflecting the physiological state of originating cells. Their diagnostic potential spans a spectrum of diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and infectious diseases. Moreover, their presence in bodily fluids such as blood, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid enhances their diagnostic utility, presenting advantages over traditional methods. Beyond diagnostics, EVs mediate crucial roles in intercellular communication, facilitating the transfer of bioactive molecules between cells. This communication modulates various physiological processes such as tissue regeneration, immune modulation, and neuronal communication. Dysregulation of EV-mediated communication is implicated in diseases such as cancer, immune disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases, highlighting their therapeutic potential. Bioengineering techniques offer avenues for manipulating EVs for therapeutic applications, from isolation and purification to engineering cargo and targeted delivery systems. These approaches hold promise for developing novel therapeutics tailored to specific diseases, revolutionizing personalized medicine. However, challenges such as standardization, scalability, and regulatory approval need addressing for successful clinical translation. Overall, EVs represent a dynamic frontier in biomedical research with vast potential for diagnostics, therapeutics, and personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Der-Shan Sun
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hou Chang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
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Zhou Y, Li C, Jiang S, Niu F, Cui F, Zhao Y, Wei D, Ma H, Li Y. Diagnosis of SPECT/CT bone imaging combined with two serum examinations in patients with bone metastases from pulmonary cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2024; 26:147-154. [PMID: 37269491 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03231-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the clinical diagnostic value of SPECT/CT bone imaging combined with two serum examinations in patients with bone metastases from pulmonary cancer. METHODS The clinical data of 120 patients consistent with pulmonary cancer admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University from March 2019 to December 2019 were selected for retrospective analysis, and they were divided into the bone metastasis group (n = 58) and non-bone metastasis group (n = 62) according to comprehensive evaluation result of X-ray, CT, MRI and clinical follow-up. The CT values of patients were obtained by SPECT/CT bone imaging to compare serum levels of ALP (alkaline phosphatase belongs to phosphoric monoester hydrolases, as a specific phosphatase, mainly in body tissues and body fluid) and BAP (bone alkaline phosphatase is formed by different modification and processing of alkaline phosphatase, and is mainly released by osteoblasts) and CT values of patients in both groups, using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of single detection and combined detection. RESULTS SPECT/CT bone imaging in patients with bone metastasis from pulmonary cancer showed abnormal radioactive accumulation in spine, pelvis and bilateral ribs. Serum ALP, BAP and CT values in bone metastasis group were overtly higher than the non-bone metastasis group (P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that serum ALP, BAP and CT value were independent risk factors for bone metastasis from pulmonary cancer. The AUC value and Youden index of combined diagnosis were higher than those of single diagnosis. CONCLUSION SPECT/CT bone imaging combined with serum detection of ALP and BAP in patients with pulmonary cancer is helpful for early diagnosis of bone metastasis, which provides more basis for the formulation and selection of clinical treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, No. 12, Changqing Road, Qiaoxi District, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China.
| | - Chuangui Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, No. 12, Changqing Road, Qiaoxi District, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China
| | - Shasha Jiang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, No. 12, Changqing Road, Qiaoxi District, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China
| | - Faliang Niu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, No. 12, Changqing Road, Qiaoxi District, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China
| | - Feng Cui
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, No. 12, Changqing Road, Qiaoxi District, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China
| | - Yusen Zhao
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China
| | - Dong Wei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China
| | - Hongwei Ma
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, No. 12, Changqing Road, Qiaoxi District, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, No. 12, Changqing Road, Qiaoxi District, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China
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Cheng J, Zhang K, Qu C, Peng J, Yang L. Non-Coding RNAs Derived from Extracellular Vesicles Promote Pre-Metastatic Niche Formation and Tumor Distant Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15072158. [PMID: 37046819 PMCID: PMC10093357 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15072158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is a critical stage of tumor progression, a crucial challenge of clinical therapy, and a major cause of tumor patient death. Numerous studies have confirmed that distant tumor metastasis is dependent on the formation of pre-metastatic niche (PMN). Recent studies have shown that extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an important role in PMN formation. The non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) derived from EVs mediate PMN formation and tumor-distant metastasis by promoting an inflammatory environment, inhibiting anti-tumor immune response, inducing angiogenesis and permeability, and by microenvironmental reprogramming. Given the stability and high abundance of ncRNAs carried by EVs in body fluids, they have great potential for application in tumor diagnosis as well as targeted interventions. This review focuses on the mechanism of ncRNAs derived from EVs promoting tumor PMN formation and distant metastasis to provide a theoretical reference for strategies to control tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Cheng
- Department of Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Chunhui Qu
- Department of Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Jinwu Peng
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Changde Hospital, Changde 415000, China
| | - Lifang Yang
- Department of Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
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Osteoclast-derived extracellular miR-106a-5p promotes osteogenic differentiation and facilitates bone defect healing. Cell Signal 2023; 102:110549. [PMID: 36464103 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are considered to play critical roles in intercellular communications during normal and pathological processes since they are enriched with miRNAs and other signal molecules. In bone remodeling, osteoclasts generate large amounts of sEVs. However, there is very few research studying whether and how osteoclast-derived sEVs (OC-sEVs) affect surrounding cells. In our study, microarray analysis identified miR-106a-5p as highly enriched in OC-sEV. Further experiments confirmed that OC-sEVs inhibited Fam134a through miR-106a-5p and significantly promoted bone mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) osteogenic mineralization in vitro. Next, we prepared an sEV-modified demineralized bone matrix (DBM) as scaffold treating calvarial defect mouse model to evaluate the pro-osteogenic activities of the scaffold. In vivo results indicated that DBM modified with miR-106a-5p-sEVs showed an enhanced capacity for bone regeneration. This important finding further emphasizes that sEV-mediated miR-106a-5p transfer plays a critical role in osteogenesis and indicates a novel communication mode between osteoclasts and BMSCs.
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Yang W, Pan Q, Huang F, Hu H, Shao Z. Research progress of bone metastases: From disease recognition to clinical practice. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1105745. [PMID: 36761418 PMCID: PMC9905420 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1105745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone metastases, as one of the common types of metastatic tumors, have a great impact on the survival period and quality of life of patients. Bone metastases are usually characterized by bone destruction. Skeletal related events caused by bone destruction often lead to pain, pathological fractures and even paralysis. In this review, we provide a detailed explanation of bone metastases from the epidemiology, clinical features, pathogenesis, and recently developed clinical treatment viewpoints. We concluded that the incidence of bone metastases is increasing gradually, with serious clinical symptoms, complex pathogenesis and diverse clinical treatment. Tumor cells, immune cells, osteoblasts/osteoclasts and other cells as well as cytokines and enzymes all play a key role in the pathogenesis of bone metastases. We believe that the future treatment of bone metastases will be diversified and comprehensive. Some advanced technologies, such as nanomedicine, could be used for treatment, but this depends on understanding how disease occurs. With the development of treatment, the survival time and quality of life of patients will be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hongzhi Hu
- *Correspondence: Hongzhi Hu, ; Zengwu Shao,
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7
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Luo T, Kang Y, Liu Y, Li J, Li J. Small extracellular vesicles in breast cancer brain metastasis and the prospect of clinical application. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1162089. [PMID: 37091342 PMCID: PMC10113431 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1162089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoscale extracellular particles that have received widespread scientific attention for carrying a variety of biomolecules such as nucleic acids and proteins and participating in the process of intercellular information exchange, making them become a research hotspot due to their potential diagnostic value. Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in women, approximately 90% of patient deaths are due to metastasis complications. Brain metastasis is an important cause of mortality in breast cancer patients, about 10-15% of breast cancer patients will develop brain metastasis. Therefore, early prevention of brain metastasis and the development of new treatments are crucial. Small EVs have been discovered to be involved in the entire process of breast cancer brain metastasis (BCBM), playing an important role in driving organ-specific metastasis, forming pre-metastatic niches, disrupting the blood-brain barrier, and promoting metastatic tumor cell proliferation. We summarize the mechanisms of small EVs in the aforementioned pathological processes at the cellular and molecular levels, and anticipate their potential applications in the treatment of breast cancer brain metastasis, with the hope of providing new ideas for the precise treatment of breast cancer brain metastasis.
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de Oliveira MC, Heredia JE, da Silva FRF, Macari S. Extracellular Vesicles in Bone Remodeling and Osteoporosis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1418:155-168. [PMID: 37603279 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-1443-2_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a systemic disorder characterized by bone mass loss, leading to fractures due to weak and brittle bones. The bone tissue deterioration process is related to an impairment of bone remodeling orchestrated mainly by resident bone cells, including osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteocytes, and their progenitors. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoparticles emerging as regulatory molecules and potential biomarkers for bone loss. Although the progress in studies relating to EVs and bone loss has increased in the last years, research on bone cells, animal models, and mainly patients is still limited. Here, we aim to review the recent advances in this field, summarizing the effect of EV components such as proteins and miRNAs in regulating bone remodeling and, consequently, osteoporosis progress and treatment. Also, we discuss the potential application of EVs in clinical practice as a biomarker and bone loss therapy, demonstrating that this rising field still needs to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Chaves de Oliveira
- Immunometabolism, Department of Nutrition, Nursing School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Joyce Elisa Heredia
- Immunometabolism, Department of Nutrition, Nursing School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Soraia Macari
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Li J, Kang J, Liu W, Liu J, Pan G, Mao A, Zhang Q, Lu J, Ding J, Li H. Docetaxel-resistant triple-negative breast cancer cell-derived exosomal lncRNA LINC00667 reduces the chemosensitivity of breast cancer cells to docetaxel <em>via</em> targeting miR-200b-3p/Bcl-2 axis. Eur J Histochem 2022; 66. [DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2022.3529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of docetaxel (TXT) resistance is a major obstacle for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) treatment. Additionally, chemoresistant cell-derived exosomes were able to change the chemo-response of chemosensitive recipient cells via transportation of lncRNAs. It has been shown that lncRNA LINC00667 level was significantly elevated in breast cancer tissues. Therefore, we explored whether LINC00667 level is increased in TXT-resistant TNBC cell-derived exosomes. In addition, whether exosomal LINC00667 derived from TXT-resistant TNBC cell could affect TXT sensitivity in TXT-sensitive TNBC cells was investigated as well. In the present study, exosomes were isolated from the TXT-resistant TNBC cells and from TXT-sensitive TNBC cells. Next, the level of LINC00667 in the isolated exosomes was detected with RT-qPCR. We found that LINC00667 expression was obviously elevated in TXT-resistant TNBC cell-derived exosomes compared to that in TXT-sensitive TNBC cell-derived exosomes. In addition, LINC00667 could be transferred from TXT-resistant TNBC cells to TNBC cells via exosomes. Moreover, TXT-resistant TNBC cell secreted exosomal LINC00667 markedly reduced the sensitivity of TNBC cells to TXT via upregulation of Bcl-2. Meanwhile, downregulation of LINC00667 notably enhanced the sensitivity of TXT-resistant TNBC cells to TXT through downregulation of Bcl-2. Additionally, LINC00667 was considered to be a ceRNA to sponge miR-200b-3p, thereby elevating Bcl-2 expression. Collectively, TXT-resistant TNBC cell-derived exosomal LINC00667 could decrease the chemosensitivity of TNBC cells to TXT via regulating miR-200b-3p/Bcl-2 axis. These findings suggested that LINC00667 might serve as a promising target for enhancing sensitivity of TNBC cells to TXT therapy.
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10
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Lak NSM, van der Kooi EJ, Enciso-Martinez A, Lozano-Andrés E, Otto C, Wauben MHM, Tytgat GAM. Extracellular Vesicles: A New Source of Biomarkers in Pediatric Solid Tumors? A Systematic Review. Front Oncol 2022; 12:887210. [PMID: 35686092 PMCID: PMC9173703 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.887210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Virtually every cell in the body releases extracellular vesicles (EVs), the contents of which can provide a "fingerprint" of their cellular origin. EVs are present in all bodily fluids and can be obtained using minimally invasive techniques. Thus, EVs can provide a promising source of diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers, particularly in the context of cancer. Despite advances using EVs as biomarkers in adult cancers, little is known regarding their use in pediatric cancers. In this review, we provide an overview of published clinical and in vitro studies in order to assess the potential of using EV-derived biomarkers in pediatric solid tumors. We performed a systematic literature search, which yielded studies regarding desmoplastic small round cell tumor, hepatoblastoma, neuroblastoma, osteosarcoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma. We then determined the extent to which the in vivo findings are supported by in vitro data, and vice versa. We also critically evaluated the clinical studies using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) system, and we evaluated the purification and characterization of EVs in both the in vivo and in vitro studies in accordance with MISEV guidelines, yielding EV-TRACK and PedEV scores. We found that several studies identified similar miRNAs in overlapping and distinct tumor entities, indicating the potential for EV-derived biomarkers. However, most studies regarding EV-based biomarkers in pediatric solid tumors lack a standardized system of reporting their EV purification and characterization methods, as well as validation in an independent cohort, which are needed in order to bring EV-based biomarkers to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie S M Lak
- Research Department, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Experimental Immunohematology, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Elvera J van der Kooi
- Department of Experimental Immunohematology, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Estefanía Lozano-Andrés
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Cees Otto
- Medical Cell Biophysics Group, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands
| | - Marca H M Wauben
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Godelieve A M Tytgat
- Research Department, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Experimental Immunohematology, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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11
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Zhu C, Gong L, Yang Y. Label-Free Analysis of Exosomes with Hairpin Structure-Mediated Multiple Signal Amplification Strategy. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:4147-4155. [PMID: 35639245 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-03978-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Considering the crucial role of exosomes in various biological processes and disease diagnosis, development of label-free and sensitive exosome detection methods is in urgent demand. Herein, we develop an exponential amplification-based method pining the hope on sensitive exosomes detection in a label-free manner. In this method, a designed SMB (Streptavidin magnetic bead)-capture probe is utilized to specially recognize CD63 protein on the surface of exosome. The recognition of CD63 protein by SMB-capture probe induces the subsequent hairpin structure probe-mediated multiple signal amplifications. Eventually, the proposed approach can detect exosomes at a concentration as low as 1.2 × 102 particles/μl and can be potentially applied for clinical practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcong Zhu
- Department of Geriatrics, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Lisha Gong
- Department of Geriatrics, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- Health Management (physical examination) Center of North-Kuanren General Hospital, North-Kuanren General Hospital, No. 69 Renhe Xingguang Avenue, Chongqing, 401120, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Wang J, Du X, Wang X, Xiao H, Jing N, Xue W, Dong B, Gao WQ, Fang YX. Tumor-derived miR-378a-3p-containing extracellular vesicles promote osteolysis by activating the Dyrk1a/Nfatc1/Angptl2 axis for bone metastasis. Cancer Lett 2022; 526:76-90. [PMID: 34801597 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Most prostate cancer (PCa)-related deaths are caused by progression to bone metastasis. Recently, the importance of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in pre-metastatic niche formation has been reported. However, whether and how tumor-derived EVs interact with bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) to release EV-delivered microRNAs to promote osteolysis and induce pre-metastatic niche formation for PCa bone metastasis remain unclear. Our in vitro and in vivo functional and mechanistic assays revealed that EV-mediated release of miR-378a-3p from tumor cells was upregulated in bone-metastatic PCa, maintaining low intracellular miR-378a-3p concentration to promote proliferation and MAOA-mediated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Moreover, miR-378a-3p enrichment in tumor-derived EVs was induced by hnRNPA2B1 (a transfer chaperone) overexpression. After tumor-derived EVs were taken in by BMMs, enriched miR-378a-3p promoted osteolytic progression by inhibiting Dyrk1a to improve Nfatc1 (an osteolysis-related transcription factor) nuclear translocation, to activate the expression of downstream target gene Angptl2. As a feedback, increased Angptl2 secretion into the tumor environment promoted PCa progression. In conclusion, tumor-derived miR-378a-3p-containing EVs play a significant role in PCa bone metastasis by activating the Dyrk1a/Nfatc1/Angptl2 axis in BMMs to induce osteolytic progression, making miR-378a-3p a potential predictor of metastatic PCa. Reducing the release of miR-378a-3p-containing EVs or inhibiting the recruitment of miR-378a-3p into EVs can be a therapeutic strategy against PCa metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Xinxing Du
- Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Huixiang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Nan Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Wei Xue
- Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Baijun Dong
- Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Wei-Qiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China; School of Biomedical Engineering & Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China.
| | - Yu-Xiang Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.
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13
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Urciuoli E, Peruzzi B. Mutual Modulation Between Extracellular Vesicles and Mechanoenvironment in Bone Tumors. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:789674. [PMID: 34950663 PMCID: PMC8688845 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.789674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The bone microenvironment homeostasis is guaranteed by the balanced and fine regulated bone matrix remodeling process. This equilibrium can be disrupted by cancer cells developed in the bone (primary bone cancers) or deriving from other tissues (bone metastatic lesions), through a mechanism by which they interfere with bone cells activities and alter the microenvironment both biochemically and mechanically. Among the factors secreted by cancer cells and by cancer-conditioned bone cells, extracellular vesicles (EVs) are described to exert pivotal roles in the establishment and the progression of bone cancers, by conveying tumorigenic signals targeting and transforming normal cells. Doing this, EVs are also responsible in modulating the production of proteins involved in regulating matrix stiffness and/or mechanotransduction process, thereby altering the bone mechanoenvironment. In turn, bone and cancer cells respond to deregulated matrix stiffness by modifying EV production and content, fueling the vicious cycle established in tumors. Here, we summarized the relationship between EVs and the mechanoenvironment during tumoral progression, with the final aim to provide some innovative perspectives in counteracting bone cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Barbara Peruzzi
- Multifactorial Disease and Complex Phenotype Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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14
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Li S. The basic characteristics of extracellular vesicles and their potential application in bone sarcomas. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:277. [PMID: 34535153 PMCID: PMC8447529 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-01028-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone sarcomas are rare cancers accompanied by metastatic disease, mainly including osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma and chondrosarcoma. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane vesicles released by cells in the extracellular matrix, which carry important signal molecules, can stably and widely present in various body fluids, such as plasma, saliva and scalp fluid, spinal cord, breast milk, and urine liquid. EVs can transport almost all types of biologically active molecules (DNA, mRNA, microRNA (miRNA), proteins, metabolites, and even pharmacological compounds). In this review, we summarized the basic biological characteristics of EVs and focused on their application in bone sarcomas. EVs can be use as biomarker vehicles for diagnosis and prognosis in bone sarcomas. The role of EVs in bone sarcoma has been analyzed point-by-point. In the microenvironment of bone sarcoma, bone sarcoma cells, mesenchymal stem cells, immune cells, fibroblasts, osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and endothelial cells coexist and interact with each other. EVs play an important role in the communication between cells. Based on multiple functions in bone sarcoma, this review provides new ideas for the discovery of new therapeutic targets and new diagnostic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglong Li
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China.
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Center of 3D Printing & Organ Manufacturing, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University (CMU), No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, China.
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15
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Catoni C, Di Paolo V, Rossi E, Quintieri L, Zamarchi R. Cell-Secreted Vesicles: Novel Opportunities in Cancer Diagnosis, Monitoring and Treatment. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:1118. [PMID: 34205256 PMCID: PMC8233857 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11061118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important mediators of intercellular communication playing a pivotal role in the regulation of physiological and pathological processes, including cancer. In particular, there is significant evidence suggesting that tumor-derived EVs exert an immunosuppressive activity during cancer progression, as well as stimulate tumor cell migration, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis. The use of EVs as a liquid biopsy is currently a fast-growing area of research in medicine, with the potential to provide a step-change in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer, allowing the prediction of both therapy response and prognosis. EVs could be useful not only as biomarkers but also as drug delivery systems, and may represent a target for anticancer therapy. In this review, we attempted to summarize the current knowledge about the techniques used for the isolation of EVs and their roles in cancer biology, as liquid biopsy biomarkers and as therapeutic tools and targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Catoni
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy; (C.C.); (R.Z.)
| | - Veronica Di Paolo
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy;
| | - Elisabetta Rossi
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy; (C.C.); (R.Z.)
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Luigi Quintieri
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy;
| | - Rita Zamarchi
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy; (C.C.); (R.Z.)
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16
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Ma Q, Liang M, Wu Y, Dou C, Xu J, Dong S, Luo F. Small extracellular vesicles deliver osteolytic effectors and mediate cancer-induced osteolysis in bone metastatic niche. J Extracell Vesicles 2021; 10:e12068. [PMID: 33659051 PMCID: PMC7892803 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play critical roles in regulating bone metastatic microenvironment through mediating intercellular crosstalks. However, little is known about the contribution of EVs derived from cancer cells to the vicious cycle of bone metastasis. Here, we report a direct regulatory mode between tumour cells and osteoclasts in metastatic niche of prostate cancer via vesicular miRNAs transfer. Combined analysis of miRNAs profiles both in tumour‐derived small EVs (sEVs) and osteoclasts identified miR‐152‐3p as a potential osteolytic molecule. sEVs were enriched in miR‐152‐3p, which targets osteoclastogenic regulator MAFB. Blocking miR‐152‐3p in sEVs upregulated the expression of MAFB and impaired osteoclastogenesis in vitro. In vivo experiments of xenograft mouse model found that blocking of miR‐152‐3p in sEVs significantly slowed down the loss of trabecular architecture, while systemic inhibition of miR‐152‐3p using antagomir‐152‐3p reduced the osteolytic lesions of cortical bone while preserving basic trabecular architecture. Our findings suggest that miR‐152‐3p carried by prostate cancer‐derived sEVs deliver osteolytic signals from tumour cells to osteoclasts, facilitating osteolytic progression in bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinyu Ma
- Department of Orthopedics Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400038 China
| | - Mengmeng Liang
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400038 China
| | - Yutong Wu
- Department of Orthopedics Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400038 China
| | - Ce Dou
- Department of Orthopedics Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400038 China
| | - Jianzhong Xu
- Department of Orthopedics Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400038 China
| | - Shiwu Dong
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400038 China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma Burns and Combined Injury Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400038 China
| | - Fei Luo
- Department of Orthopedics Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400038 China
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17
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Li S, Wang W. Extracellular Vesicles in Tumors: A Potential Mediator of Bone Metastasis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:639514. [PMID: 33869189 PMCID: PMC8047145 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.639514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the most common metastatic sites, bone has a unique microenvironment for the growth and prosperity of metastatic tumor cells. Bone metastasis is a common complication for tumor patients and accounts for 15-20% of systemic metastasis, which is only secondary to lung and liver metastasis. Cancers prone to bone metastasis include lung, breast, and prostate cancer. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid membrane vesicles released from different cell types. It is clear that EVs are associated with multiple biological phenomena and are crucial for intracellular communication by transporting intracellular substances. Recent studies have implicated EVs in the development of cancer. However, the potential roles of EVs in the pathological exchange of bone cells between tumors and the bone microenvironment remain an emerging area. This review is focused on the role of tumor-derived EVs in bone metastasis and possible regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglong Li
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Center of 3D Printing & Organ Manufacturing, School of Fundamental Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Shenglong Li,
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
- Wei Wang,
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