1
|
Mousavi-Sagharchi SMA, Afrazeh E, Seyyedian-Nikjeh SF, Meskini M, Doroud D, Siadat SD. New insight in molecular detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. AMB Express 2024; 14:74. [PMID: 38907086 PMCID: PMC11192714 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-024-01730-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, is a pathogenic bacterium that has claimed millions of lives since the Middle Ages. According to the World Health Organization's report, tuberculosis ranks among the ten deadliest diseases worldwide. The presence of an extensive array of genes and diverse proteins within the cellular structure of this bacterium has provided us with a potent tool for diagnosis. While the culture method remains the gold standard for tuberculosis diagnosis, it is possible that molecular diagnostic methods, emphasis on the identification of mutation genes (e.g., rpoB and gyrA) and single nucleotide polymorphisms, could offer a safe and reliable alternative. Over the past few decades, as our understanding of molecular genetics has expanded, methods have been developed based on gene expansion and detection. These methods typically commence with DNA amplification through nucleic acid targeted techniques such as polymerase chain reaction. Various molecular compounds and diverse approaches have been employed in molecular assays. In this review, we endeavor to provide an overview of molecular assays for the diagnosis of tuberculosis with their properties (utilization, challenges, and functions). The ultimate goal is to explore the potential of replacing traditional bacterial methods with these advanced molecular diagnostic techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Elina Afrazeh
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Khorramshahr, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Meskini
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
- Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, 9301, South Africa.
- Student Research Committee, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Delaram Doroud
- Department of Immunotherapy and Leishmania Vaccine Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Davar Siadat
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
- Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shaik J, Pillay M, Jeena P. A Review Of Host-Specific Diagnostic And Surrogate Biomarkers In Children With Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Paediatr Respir Rev 2024:S1526-0542(24)00018-6. [PMID: 38521643 DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most common causes of mortality globally with a steady rise in paediatric cases in the past decade. Laboratory methods of diagnosing TB and monitoring response to treatment have limitations. Current research focuses on interrogating host- and/or pathogen-specific biomarkers to address this problem. METHODS We reviewed the literature on host-specific biomarkers in TB to determine their value in diagnosis and treatment response in TB infected and HIV/TB co-infected children on anti-tuberculosis treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION While no single host-specific biomarker has been identified for diagnosis or treatment responses in children, several studies suggest predictive biosignatures for disease activity. Alarmingly, current data on host-specific biomarkers for diagnosing and assessing anti-tuberculosis treatment in TB/HIV co-infected children is inadequate. Various factors affecting host-specific biomarker responses should be considered in interpreting findings and designing future studies within specific clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junaid Shaik
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, 719 Umbilo Road, Durban, 4000, South Africa; Faculty of Health Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Steve Biko Road, Berea, Durban, 4000, South Africa.
| | - Manormoney Pillay
- Medical Microbiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, 719 Umbilo Road, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Prakash Jeena
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, 719 Umbilo Road, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Limungi GM, Mburugu PM, Kirigia C, Orsolya M. Treatment outcomes and challenges of treating tuberculosis in children in a nomadic pastoralist community in Kenya. Afr Health Sci 2023; 23:42-47. [PMID: 38974251 PMCID: PMC11225449 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v23i4.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Tuberculosis in children has remained a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality, especially in the developing countries where it has been associated with marginalization, vulnerability and poverty. Study objectives To evaluate treatment outcomes and determine the challenges experienced by health providers while treating tuberculosis in children in a nomadic pastoralist community in Kenya. Methods This was a descriptive cross sectional study design utilizing mixed methods, conducted at Lodwar County Referral Hospital in Turkana County- Kenya. We utilized census sampling method to get 59 medical records and 8 nurses. Data were collected using data abstraction form and in-depth interviews. Treatment outcomes were determined quantitatively while challenges were described qualitatively using thematic approach. Results A total of 59 paediatric patients had been diagnosed with tuberculosis between the months of January 2021 and April 2021. Most of them were new cases. Children who were under five years constituted the highest proportion (61%). Most of the patients had completed their treatment (69.5%), loss to follow up 6.8%, transferred out 11.9%, died 8.5% while those who were not evaluated were 3.4%. Lifestyle and habit, lack of system support and lack of properly formulated dosage for children were the challenges experienced by the health care providers. Conclusion Although, most of the patients (69.5%) had completed their treatment, treatment complete rate remained below the standard set by the World Health Organisation (90%). Health system posed most of the challenges experienced by the health care providers at the hospital.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Godfrey M Limungi
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Patrick M Mburugu
- School of Medicine, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology
| | | | - Maté Orsolya
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Thu VTA, Dat LD, Jayanti RP, Trinh HKT, Hung TM, Cho YS, Long NP, Shin JG. Advancing personalized medicine for tuberculosis through the application of immune profiling. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1108155. [PMID: 36844400 PMCID: PMC9950414 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1108155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
While early and precise diagnosis is the key to eliminating tuberculosis (TB), conventional methods using culture conversion or sputum smear microscopy have failed to meet demand. This is especially true in high-epidemic developing countries and during pandemic-associated social restrictions. Suboptimal biomarkers have restricted the improvement of TB management and eradication strategies. Therefore, the research and development of new affordable and accessible methods are required. Following the emergence of many high-throughput quantification TB studies, immunomics has the advantages of directly targeting responsive immune molecules and significantly simplifying workloads. In particular, immune profiling has been demonstrated to be a versatile tool that potentially unlocks many options for application in TB management. Herein, we review the current approaches for TB control with regard to the potentials and limitations of immunomics. Multiple directions are also proposed to hopefully unleash immunomics' potential in TB research, not least in revealing representative immune biomarkers to correctly diagnose TB. The immune profiles of patients can be valuable covariates for model-informed precision dosing-based treatment monitoring, prediction of outcome, and the optimal dose prediction of anti-TB drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vo Thuy Anh Thu
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea,Center for Personalized Precision Medicine of Tuberculosis, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ly Da Dat
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea,Center for Personalized Precision Medicine of Tuberculosis, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Rannissa Puspita Jayanti
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea,Center for Personalized Precision Medicine of Tuberculosis, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoang Kim Tu Trinh
- Center for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tran Minh Hung
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea,Center for Personalized Precision Medicine of Tuberculosis, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Soon Cho
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea,Center for Personalized Precision Medicine of Tuberculosis, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen Phuoc Long
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea,Center for Personalized Precision Medicine of Tuberculosis, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea,*Correspondence: Jae-Gook Shin, ; Nguyen Phuoc Long,
| | - Jae-Gook Shin
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea,Center for Personalized Precision Medicine of Tuberculosis, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea,*Correspondence: Jae-Gook Shin, ; Nguyen Phuoc Long,
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yadav P. Challenges & Solutions for Recent Advancements in Multi-Drugs Resistance Tuberculosis: A Review. Microbiol Insights 2023; 16:11786361231152438. [PMID: 36741475 PMCID: PMC9893349 DOI: 10.1177/11786361231152438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In MDR-TB, mycobacterium is resistant to battlefront drugs like rifampicin and isoniazid. Now it's an urgent global challenge for treatment & diagnosis because more than 50% of drugs are resistant. Till today's information, 5 reasons are liable for MDR: (1) Errors of physicians/patients in therapy management, (2) Complexity and poor vascularization of granulomatous lesions, which obstruct drug distribution to some sites, leading to resistance development, (3) Intrinsic drug resistance of tubercle bacilli, (4) Formation of non-replicating, drug-tolerant bacilli inside the granulomas, (5) Development of mutations in Mtb genes, which are the foremost important molecular mechanisms of resistance. the most contribution of this work is a brief & clear explanation of things chargeable for resistant development, and recent diagnostic & treatment methods for MDR-TB. This study shall help researchers & scientists to develop replacement rapid diagnostic tools, drugs, and treatment protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pramod Yadav
- Pramod Yadav, Department of AFAF, Amity
University Noida, J-1 Block, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201313, India. Emails:
;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pediatric Tuberculosis Management: A Global Challenge or Breakthrough? CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9081120. [PMID: 36010011 PMCID: PMC9406656 DOI: 10.3390/children9081120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Managing pediatric tuberculosis (TB) remains a public health problem requiring urgent and long-lasting solutions as TB is one of the top ten causes of ill health and death in children as well as adolescents universally. Minors are particularly susceptible to this severe illness that can be fatal post-infection or even serve as reservoirs for future disease outbreaks. However, pediatric TB is the least prioritized in most health programs and optimal infection/disease control has been quite neglected for this specialized patient category, as most scientific and clinical research efforts focus on developing novel management strategies for adults. Moreover, the ongoing coronavirus pandemic has meaningfully hindered the gains and progress achieved with TB prophylaxis, therapy, diagnosis, and global eradication goals for all affected persons of varying age bands. Thus, the opening of novel research activities and opportunities that can provide more insight and create new knowledge specifically geared towards managing TB disease in this specialized group will significantly improve their well-being and longevity.
Collapse
|
7
|
Abdulgader SM, Okunola AO, Ndlangalavu G, Reeve BWP, Allwood BW, Koegelenberg CFN, Warren RM, Theron G. Diagnosing Tuberculosis: What Do New Technologies Allow Us to (Not) Do? Respiration 2022; 101:797-813. [PMID: 35760050 PMCID: PMC9533455 DOI: 10.1159/000525142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
New tuberculosis (TB) diagnostics are at a crossroads: their development, evaluation, and implementation is severely damaged by resource diversion due to COVID-19. Yet several technologies, especially those with potential for non-invasive non-sputum-based testing, hold promise for efficiently triaging and rapidly confirming TB near point-of-care. Such tests are, however, progressing through the pipeline slowly and will take years to reach patients and health workers. Compellingly, such tests will create new opportunities for difficult-to-diagnose populations, including primary care attendees (all-comers in high burden settings irrespective of reason for presentation) and community members (with early stage disease or risk factors like HIV), many of whom cannot easily produce sputum. Critically, all upcoming technologies have limitations that implementers and health workers need to be cognizant of to ensure optimal deployment without undermining confidence in a technology that still offers improvements over the status quo. In this state-of-the-art review, we critically appraise such technologies for active pulmonary TB diagnosis. We highlight strengths, limitations, outstanding research questions, and how current and future tests could be used in the presence of these limitations and uncertainties. Among triage tests, CRP (for which commercial near point-of-care devices exist) and computer-aided detection software with digital chest X-ray hold promise, together with late-stage blood-based assays that detect host and/or microbial biomarkers; however, aside from a handful of prototypes, the latter category has a shortage of promising late-stage alternatives. Furthermore, positive results from new triage tests may have utility in people without TB; however, their utility for informing diagnostic pathways for other diseases is under-researched (most sick people tested for TB do not have TB). For confirmatory tests, few true point-of-care options will be available soon; however, combining novel approaches like tongue swabs with established tests like Ultra have short-term promise but first require optimizations to specimen collection and processing procedures. Concerningly, no technologies yet have compelling evidence of meeting the World Health Organization optimal target product profile performance criteria, especially for important operational criteria crucial for field deployment. This is alarming as the target product profile criteria are themselves almost a decade old and require urgent revision, especially to cater for technologies made prominent by the COVID-19 diagnostic response (e.g., at-home testing and connectivity solutions). Throughout the review, we underscore the importance of how target populations and settings affect test performance and how the criteria by which these tests should be judged vary by use case, including in active case finding. Lastly, we advocate for health workers and researchers to themselves be vocal proponents of the uptake of both new tests and those − already available tests that remain suboptimally utilized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shima M Abdulgader
- DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Anna O Okunola
- DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Gcobisa Ndlangalavu
- DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Byron W P Reeve
- DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Brian W Allwood
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Tygerberg Hospital, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Coenraad F N Koegelenberg
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Tygerberg Hospital, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Rob M Warren
- DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Grant Theron
- DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wen Z, Wu L, Wang L, Ou Q, Ma H, Wu Q, Zhang S, Song Y. Comprehensive Genetic Analysis of Tuberculosis and Identification of Candidate Biomarkers. Front Genet 2022; 13:832739. [PMID: 35345666 PMCID: PMC8957076 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.832739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to use the data in the GEO database to analyze, screen biomarkers that can diagnose tuberculosis, and verification of candidate biomarkers. Materials and methods: GSE158767 dataset were used to process WGCNA analysis, differential gene analysis, Gene ontology and KEGG analysis, protein-protein network analysis and hub genes analysis. Based on our previous study, the intersect between WGCNA and differential gene analysis could be used as candidate biomarkers. Then, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to validate candidate biomarkers, and receiver operating characteristic was used to assess diagnose ability of candidate biomarkers. Results: A total of 412 differential genes were screened. And we obtained 105 overlapping genes between DEGs and WGCNA. GO and KEGG analysis showed that most of the differential genes were significantly enriched in innate immunity. A total of 15 hub genes were screened, and four of them were verified by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. CCL5 performed well in distinguishing the healthy group from the TB group (AUC = 0.723). And CCL19 performed well in distinguishing the TB group from the ORD groups (AUC = 0.811). Conclusion: CCL19, C1Qb, CCL5 and HLA-DMB may play important role in tuberculosis, which indicated four genes may become effective biomarkers and could be conveniently used to facilitate the individual tuberculosis diagnosis in Chinese people.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zilu Wen
- Department of Scientific Research, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liwei Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinfang Ou
- Department of TB, The fifth people's hospital of Wuxi, Wuxi, China
| | - Hui Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qihang Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shulin Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanzheng Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,TB Center, Shanghai Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases Institute, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Vaezipour N, Fritschi N, Brasier N, Bélard S, Domínguez J, Tebruegge M, Portevin D, Ritz N. Towards Accurate Point-of-Care Tests for Tuberculosis in Children. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11030327. [PMID: 35335651 PMCID: PMC8949489 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11030327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In childhood tuberculosis (TB), with an estimated 69% of missed cases in children under 5 years of age, the case detection gap is larger than in other age groups, mainly due to its paucibacillary nature and children’s difficulties in delivering sputum specimens. Accurate and accessible point-of-care tests (POCTs) are needed to detect TB disease in children and, in turn, reduce TB-related morbidity and mortality in this vulnerable population. In recent years, several POCTs for TB have been developed. These include new tools to improve the detection of TB in respiratory and gastric samples, such as molecular detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis using loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and portable polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based GeneXpert. In addition, the urine-based detection of lipoarabinomannan (LAM), as well as imaging modalities through point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS), are currently the POCTs in use. Further to this, artificial intelligence-based interpretation of ultrasound imaging and radiography is now integrated into computer-aided detection products. In the future, portable radiography may become more widely available, and robotics-supported ultrasound imaging is currently being trialed. Finally, novel blood-based tests evaluating the immune response using “omic-“techniques are underway. This approach, including transcriptomics, metabolomic, proteomics, lipidomics and genomics, is still distant from being translated into POCT formats, but the digital development may rapidly enhance innovation in this field. Despite these significant advances, TB-POCT development and implementation remains challenged by the lack of standard ways to access non-sputum-based samples, the need to differentiate TB infection from disease and to gain acceptance for novel testing strategies specific to the conditions and settings of use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Vaezipour
- Mycobacterial and Migrant Health Research Group, University Children’s Hospital Basel, Department for Clinical Research, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland; (N.V.); (N.F.)
- Infectious Disease and Vaccinology Unit, University Children’s Hospital Basel, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nora Fritschi
- Mycobacterial and Migrant Health Research Group, University Children’s Hospital Basel, Department for Clinical Research, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland; (N.V.); (N.F.)
| | - Noé Brasier
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute for Translational Medicine, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland;
- Department of Digitalization & ICT, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Bélard
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany;
- Institute of Tropical Medicine and International Health, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - José Domínguez
- Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol. CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Marc Tebruegge
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WCN1 1EH, UK;
- Department of Pediatrics, The Royal Children’s Hospital Melbourne, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Damien Portevin
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland;
- University of Basel, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Ritz
- Mycobacterial and Migrant Health Research Group, University Children’s Hospital Basel, Department for Clinical Research, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland; (N.V.); (N.F.)
- Department of Pediatrics, The Royal Children’s Hospital Melbourne, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics and Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Children’s Hospital, Lucerne Cantonal Hospital, 6000 Lucerne, Switzerland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-61-704-1212
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
ESAT-6 and Ag85A Synthetic Peptides as Candidates for an Immunodiagnostic Test in Children with a Clinical Suspicion of Tuberculosis. DISEASE MARKERS 2021; 2021:6673250. [PMID: 34306256 PMCID: PMC8279849 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6673250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Tuberculosis (TB) is being underdetected in children as most are smear-negative. This work was aimed at evaluating ESAT-6 and Ag85A synthetic peptides' serodiagnostic potential for diagnosing children having a clinical suspicion of TB. Methods The study involved 438 children: 77 Creole nonindigenous (13 suspected of having TB and 64 healthy ones) and 361 Warao indigenous children (39 suspected of TB and 322 healthy children). The approach's diagnostic information was compared using operational characteristics and receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results Ag85A P-29879 had 94.6% sensitivity (AUC = 0.741: 0.651 to 0.819 95% CI) in indigenous children. ESAT-6 P-12036 and P-12037 had 100% and 92.3% of sensitivity (AUC = 0.929: 0.929: 0.846 to 0.975 95% CI and 0.791: 63.9 to 98.7 95% CI, respectively) in Creole children. ESAT-6 peptides also allowed a differentiation between children with TB and healthy ones. Conclusions Further validation of this approach could lead to developing a complementary tool for rapid TB diagnosis in children.
Collapse
|