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Miyako S, Koma YI, Nakanishi T, Tsukamoto S, Yamanaka K, Ishihara N, Azumi Y, Urakami S, Shimizu M, Kodama T, Nishio M, Shigeoka M, Kakeji Y, Yokozaki H. Periostin in Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Promotes Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Progression by Enhancing Cancer and Stromal Cell Migration. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2024; 194:828-848. [PMID: 38320632 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumor microenvironment are involved in the progression of various cancers, including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). CAF-like cells were generated through direct co-culture of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, one of CAF origins, with ESCC cells. Periostin (POSTN) was found to be highly expressed in CAF-like cells. After direct co-culture, ESCC cells showed increased malignant phenotypes, such as survival, growth, and migration, as well as increased phosphorylation of Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk). Recombinant human POSTN activated Akt and Erk signaling pathways in ESCC cells, enhancing survival and migration. The suppression of POSTN in CAF-like cells by siRNA during direct co-culture also suppressed enhanced survival and migration in ESCC cells. In ESCC cells, knockdown of POSTN receptor integrin β4 inhibited Akt and Erk phosphorylation, and survival and migration increased by POSTN. POSTN also enhanced mesenchymal stem cell and macrophage migration and endowed macrophages with tumor-associated macrophage-like properties. Immunohistochemistry showed that high POSTN expression in the cancer stroma was significantly associated with tumor invasion depth, lymphatic and blood vessel invasion, higher pathologic stage, CAF marker expression, and infiltrating tumor-associated macrophage numbers. Moreover, patients with ESCC with high POSTN expression exhibited poor postoperative outcomes. Thus, CAF-secreted POSTN contributed to tumor microenvironment development. These results indicate that POSTN may be a novel therapeutic target for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoji Miyako
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Division of Gastro-intestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yu-Ichiro Koma
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
| | - Takashi Nakanishi
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Division of Gastro-intestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shuichi Tsukamoto
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Keitaro Yamanaka
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Surgery Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Ishihara
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yuki Azumi
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Division of Gastro-intestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Satoshi Urakami
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masaki Shimizu
- Division of Gastro-intestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kodama
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Mari Nishio
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Manabu Shigeoka
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kakeji
- Division of Gastro-intestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yokozaki
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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Huang Z, Byrd O, Tan S, Hu K, Knight B, Lo G, Taylor L, Wu Y, Berchuck A, Murphy SK. Periostin facilitates ovarian cancer recurrence by enhancing cancer stemness. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21382. [PMID: 38049490 PMCID: PMC10695946 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48485-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The lethality of epithelial ovarian cancer (OC) is largely due to a high rate of recurrence and development of chemoresistance, which requires synergy between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME) and is thought to involve cancer stem cells. Our analysis of gene expression microarray data from paired primary and recurrent OC tissues revealed significantly elevated expression of the gene encoding periostin (POSTN) in recurrent OC compared to matched primary tumors (p = 0.015). Secreted POSTN plays a role in the extracellular matrix, facilitating epithelial cell migration and tissue regeneration. We therefore examined how elevated extracellular POSTN, as we found is present in recurrent OC, impacts OC cell functions and phenotypes, including stemness. OC cells cultured with conditioned media with high levels of periostin (CMPOSTNhigh) exhibited faster migration (p = 0.0044), enhanced invasiveness (p = 0.006), increased chemoresistance (p < 0.05), and decreased apoptosis as compared to the same cells cultured with control medium (CMCTL). Further, CMPOSTNhigh-cultured OC cells exhibited an elevated stem cell side population (p = 0.027) along with increased expression of cancer stem cell marker CD133 relative to CMCTL-cultured cells. POSTN-transfected 3T3-L1 cells that were used to generate CMPOSTNhigh had visibly enhanced intracellular and extracellular lipids, which was also linked to increased OC cell expression of fatty acid synthetase (FASN) that functions as a central regulator of lipid metabolism and plays a critical role in the growth and survival of tumors. Additionally, POSTN functions in the TME were linked to AKT pathway activities. The mean tumor volume in mice injected with CMPOSTNhigh-cultured OC cells was larger than that in mice injected with CMCTL-cultured OC cells (p = 0.0023). Taken together, these results show that elevated POSTN in the extracellular environment leads to more aggressive OC cell behavior and an increase in cancer stemness, suggesting that increased levels of stromal POSTN during OC recurrence contribute to more rapid disease progression and may be a novel therapeutic target. Furthermore, they also demonstrate the utility of having matched primary-recurrent OC tissues for analysis and support the need for better understanding of the molecular changes that occur with OC recurrence to develop ways to undermine those processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqing Huang
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, 701 West Main Street, Suite 510, Duke, PO Box 90534, Durham, NC, 27701, USA.
| | - Olivia Byrd
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA
| | - Sarah Tan
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA
| | - Katrina Hu
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA
| | - Bailey Knight
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA
| | - Gaomong Lo
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA
| | - Lila Taylor
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA
| | - Yuan Wu
- Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Division of Biostatistics, Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, USA
| | - Andrew Berchuck
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA
| | - Susan K Murphy
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA
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Chen C, Guo Q, Liu Y, Hou Q, Liao M, Guo Y, Zang Y, Wang F, Liu H, Luan X, Liang Y, Guan Z, Li Y, Liu H, Dong X, Zhang X, Liu J, Xu Q. Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveal POSTN + cancer-associated fibroblasts correlated with immune suppression and tumour progression in non-small cell lung cancer. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1515. [PMID: 38115703 PMCID: PMC10731139 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are potential targets for cancer therapy. Due to the heterogeneity of CAFs, the influence of CAF subpopulations on the progression of lung cancer is still unclear, which impedes the translational advances in targeting CAFs. METHODS We performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on tumour, paired tumour-adjacent, and normal samples from 16 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. CAF subpopulations were analyzed after integration with published NSCLC scRNA-seq data. SpaTial enhanced resolution omics-sequencing (Stereo-seq) was applied in tumour and tumour-adjacent samples from seven NSCLC patients to map the architecture of major cell populations in tumour microenvironment (TME). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and multiplexed IHC (mIHC) were used to validate marker gene expression and the association of CAFs with immune infiltration in TME. RESULTS A subcluster of myofibroblastic CAFs, POSTN+ CAFs, were significantly enriched in advanced tumours and presented gene expression signatures related to extracellular matrix remodeling, tumour invasion pathways and immune suppression. Stereo-seq and mIHC demonstrated that POSTN+ CAFs were in close localization with SPP1+ macrophages and were associated with the exhausted phenotype and lower infiltration of T cells. POSTN expression or the abundance of POSTN+ CAFs were associated with poor prognosis of NSCLC. CONCLUSIONS Our study identified a myofibroblastic CAF subpopulation, POSTN+ CAFs, which might associate with SPP1+ macrophages to promote the formation of desmoplastic architecture and participate in immune suppression. Furthermore, we showed that POSTN+ CAFs associated with cancer progression and poor clinical outcomes and may provide new insights on the treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Chen
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryPeking University Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen Peking University‐The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical CenterShenzhenChina
| | - Qiang Guo
- BGI ResearchHangzhouChina
- BGI ResearchShenzhenChina
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yang Liu
- BGI ResearchHangzhouChina
- BGI ResearchShenzhenChina
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Qinghua Hou
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryPeking University Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen Peking University‐The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical CenterShenzhenChina
| | - Mengying Liao
- Department of PathologyPeking University Shenzhen HospitalShenzhenChina
| | - Yanying Guo
- BGI ResearchHangzhouChina
- BGI ResearchShenzhenChina
| | - Yupeng Zang
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | | | - Huanyu Liu
- Department of PathologyPeking University Shenzhen HospitalShenzhenChina
| | - Xinyu Luan
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryPeking University Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen Peking University‐The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical CenterShenzhenChina
| | - Yanling Liang
- BGI ResearchShenzhenChina
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zhuojue Guan
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yanling Li
- Central Laboratory of Peking University Shenzhen HospitalShenzhenChina
| | - Haozhen Liu
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryPeking University Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen Peking University‐The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical CenterShenzhenChina
| | - Xuan Dong
- BGI ResearchHangzhouChina
- BGI ResearchShenzhenChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Human Disease Genomics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of GenomicsBGI ResearchShenzhenChina
| | - Xiuqing Zhang
- BGI ResearchShenzhenChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Human Disease Genomics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of GenomicsBGI ResearchShenzhenChina
| | - Jixian Liu
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryPeking University Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen Peking University‐The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical CenterShenzhenChina
| | - Qumiao Xu
- BGI ResearchHangzhouChina
- BGI ResearchShenzhenChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Human Disease Genomics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of GenomicsBGI ResearchShenzhenChina
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Takatsu F, Suzawa K, Tomida S, Thu YM, Sakaguchi M, Toji T, Ohki M, Tsudaka S, Date K, Matsuda N, Iwata K, Zhu Y, Nakata K, Shien K, Yamamoto H, Nakayama A, Okazaki M, Sugimoto S, Toyooka S. Periostin secreted by cancer-associated fibroblasts promotes cancer progression and drug resistance in non-small cell lung cancer. J Mol Med (Berl) 2023; 101:1603-1614. [PMID: 37831111 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02384-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are important components in the tumor microenvironment, and we sought to identify effective therapeutic targets in CAFs for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, we established fibroblast cell lines from the cancerous and non-cancerous parts of surgical lung specimens from patients with NSCLC and evaluated the differences in behaviors towards NSCLC cells. RNA sequencing analysis was performed to investigate the differentially expressed genes between normal fibroblasts (NFs) and CAFs, and we identified that the expression of periostin (POSTN), which is known to be overexpressed in various solid tumors and promote cancer progression, was significantly higher in CAFs than in NFs. POSTN increased cell proliferation via NSCLC cells' ERK pathway activation and induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which improved migration in vitro. In addition, POSTN knockdown in CAFs suppressed these effects, and in vivo experiments demonstrated that the POSTN knockdown improved the sensitivity of EGFR-mutant NSCLC cells for osimertinib treatment. Collectively, our results showed that CAF-derived POSTN is involved in tumor growth, migration, EMT induction, and drug resistance in NSCLC. Targeting CAF-secreted POSTN could be a potential therapeutic strategy for NSCLC. KEY MESSAGES: • POSTN is significantly upregulated in CAFs compared to normal fibroblasts in NCSLC. • POSTN increases cell proliferation via activation of the NSCLC cells' ERK pathway. • POSTN induces EMT in NSCLC cells and improves the migration ability. • POSTN knockdown improves the sensitivity for osimertinib in EGFR-mutant NSCLC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumiaki Takatsu
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Ken Suzawa
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Shuta Tomida
- Center for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yin Min Thu
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Masakiyo Sakaguchi
- Department of Cell Biology, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Toji
- Department of Pathology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Ohki
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shimpei Tsudaka
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Keiichi Date
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Naoki Matsuda
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Kazuma Iwata
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yidan Zhu
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Kentaro Nakata
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Shien
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Yamamoto
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Akiko Nakayama
- Department of Pharmacology, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Mikio Okazaki
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Sugimoto
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shinichi Toyooka
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
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Bons J, Pan D, Shah S, Bai R, Chen‐Tanyolac C, Wang X, Elliott DRF, Urisman A, O'Broin A, Basisty N, Rose J, Sangwan V, Camilleri‐Broët S, Tankel J, Gascard P, Ferri L, Tlsty TD, Schilling B. Data-independent acquisition and quantification of extracellular matrix from human lung in chronic inflammation-associated carcinomas. Proteomics 2023; 23:e2200021. [PMID: 36228107 PMCID: PMC10391693 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202200021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Early events associated with chronic inflammation and cancer involve significant remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM), which greatly affects its composition and functional properties. Using lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC), a chronic inflammation-associated cancer (CIAC), we optimized a robust proteomic pipeline to discover potential biomarker signatures and protein changes specifically in the stroma. We combined ECM enrichment from fresh human tissues, data-independent acquisition (DIA) strategies, and stringent statistical processing to analyze "Tumor" and matched adjacent histologically normal ("Matched Normal") tissues from patients with LSCC. Overall, 1802 protein groups were quantified with at least two unique peptides, and 56% of those proteins were annotated as "extracellular." Confirming dramatic ECM remodeling during CIAC progression, 529 proteins were significantly altered in the "Tumor" compared to "Matched Normal" tissues. The signature was typified by a coordinated loss of basement membrane proteins and small leucine-rich proteins. The dramatic increase in the stromal levels of SERPINH1/heat shock protein 47, that was discovered using our ECM proteomic pipeline, was validated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) of "Tumor" and "Matched Normal" tissues, obtained from an independent cohort of LSCC patients. This integrated workflow provided novel insights into ECM remodeling during CIAC progression, and identified potential biomarker signatures and future therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Bons
- Buck Institute for Research on AgingNovatoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Deng Pan
- Department of PathologyUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Samah Shah
- Buck Institute for Research on AgingNovatoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Rosemary Bai
- Department of PathologyUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Xianhong Wang
- Department of PathologyUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Daffolyn R. Fels Elliott
- Department of PathologyUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
- Present address:
Pathology and Laboratory MedicineKansas University Medical Center, the University of KansasKansas CityKansasUSA
| | - Anatoly Urisman
- Department of PathologyUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Amy O'Broin
- Buck Institute for Research on AgingNovatoCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Jacob Rose
- Buck Institute for Research on AgingNovatoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Veena Sangwan
- Division of Thoracic and Upper Gastrointestinal SurgeryMontreal General HospitalMcGill University Health CentreMontrealQuebecCanada
| | | | - James Tankel
- Division of Thoracic and Upper Gastrointestinal SurgeryMontreal General HospitalMcGill University Health CentreMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Philippe Gascard
- Department of PathologyUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Lorenzo Ferri
- Division of Thoracic and Upper Gastrointestinal SurgeryMontreal General HospitalMcGill University Health CentreMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Thea D. Tlsty
- Department of PathologyUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
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Therapeutic Targeting of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in the Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15020335. [PMID: 36672284 PMCID: PMC9856659 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15020335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. The most common lung cancer is non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with an overall 5-year survival rate of around 20% because NSCLC is a metastatic disease. A better understanding of the mechanism underlying lung cancer metastasis is therefore urgently needed. The tumor microenvironment involves different types of stromal cells and functions as key components in the progression of NSCLC. Through epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), in which epithelial cells lose their polarity and acquire mesenchymal potential, cancer cells acquire metastatic abilities, as well as cancer stem-cell-like potential. We previously reported that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) interact with lung cancer cells to allow for the acquisition of malignancy and treatment resistance by paracrine loops via EMT signals in the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, CAFs regulate the cytotoxic activity of immune cells via various cytokines and chemokines, creating a microenvironment of immune tolerance. Regulation of CAFs can therefore affect immune responses. Recent research has shown several roles of CAFs in NSCLC tumorigenesis, owing to their heterogeneity, so molecular markers of CAFs should be elucidated to better classify tumor-promoting subtypes and facilitate the establishment of CAF-specific targeted therapies. CAF-targeted cancer treatments may suppress EMT and regulate the niche of cancer stem cells and the immunosuppressive network and thus may prove useful for NSCLC treatment through multiple mechanisms.
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7
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Khatun M, Siddique AE, Wahed AS, Haque N, Tony SR, Islam J, Alam S, Sarker MK, Kabir I, Hossain S, Sumi D, Saud ZA, Barchowsky A, Himeno S, Hossain K. Association between serum periostin levels and the severity of arsenic-induced skin lesions. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0279893. [PMID: 36598904 PMCID: PMC9812306 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Arsenic is a potent environmental toxicant and human carcinogen. Skin lesions are the most common manifestations of chronic exposure to arsenic. Advanced-stage skin lesions, particularly hyperkeratosis have been recognized as precancerous diseases. However, the underlying mechanism of arsenic-induced skin lesions remains unknown. Periostin, a matricellular protein, is implicated in the pathogenesis of many forms of skin lesions. The objective of this study was to examine whether periostin is associated with arsenic-induced skin lesions. A total of 442 individuals from low- (n = 123) and high-arsenic exposure areas (n = 319) in rural Bangladesh were evaluated for the presence of arsenic-induced skin lesions (Yes/No). Participants with skin lesions were further categorized into two groups: early-stage skin lesions (melanosis and keratosis) and advanced-stage skin lesions (hyperkeratosis). Drinking water, hair, and nail arsenic concentrations were considered as the participants' exposure levels. The higher levels of arsenic and serum periostin were significantly associated with skin lesions. Causal mediation analysis revealed the significant effect of arsenic on skin lesions through the mediator, periostin, suggesting that periostin contributes to the development of skin lesions. When skin lesion was used as a three-category outcome (none, early-stage, and advanced-stage skin lesions), higher serum periostin levels were significantly associated with both early-stage and advanced-stage skin lesions. Median (IQR) periostin levels were progressively increased with the increasing severity of skin lesions. Furthermore, there were general trends in increasing serum type 2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and eotaxin) and immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels with the progression of the disease. The median (IQR) of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, eotaxin, and IgE levels were significantly higher in the early-and advanced-stage skin lesions compared to the group of participants without skin lesions. The results of this study suggest that periostin is implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of arsenic-induced skin lesions through the dysregulation of type 2 immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moriom Khatun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Abu Eabrahim Siddique
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Abdus S. Wahed
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Nazmul Haque
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Selim Reza Tony
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Jahidul Islam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Shahnur Alam
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | | | | | - Shakhawoat Hossain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Daigo Sumi
- Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Zahangir Alam Saud
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Aaron Barchowsky
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Seiichiro Himeno
- Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, Japan
- Division of Health Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Khaled Hossain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
- * E-mail:
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Parker AL, Bowman E, Zingone A, Ryan BM, Cooper WA, Kohonen-Corish M, Harris CC, Cox TR. Extracellular matrix profiles determine risk and prognosis of the squamous cell carcinoma subtype of non-small cell lung carcinoma. Genome Med 2022; 14:126. [PMID: 36404344 PMCID: PMC9677915 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-022-01127-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) is a subtype of non-small cell lung cancer for which patient prognosis remains poor. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is critical in regulating cell behavior; however, its importance in tumor aggressiveness remains to be comprehensively characterized. METHODS Multi-omics data of SqCC human tumor specimens was combined to characterize ECM features associated with initiation and recurrence. Penalized logistic regression was used to define a matrix risk signature for SqCC tumors and its performance across a panel of tumor types and in SqCC premalignant lesions was evaluated. Consensus clustering was used to define prognostic matreotypes for SqCC tumors. Matreotype-specific tumor biology was defined by integration of bulk RNAseq with scRNAseq data, cell type deconvolution, analysis of ligand-receptor interactions and enriched biological pathways, and through cross comparison of matreotype expression profiles with aging and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis lung profiles. RESULTS This analysis revealed subtype-specific ECM signatures associated with tumor initiation that were predictive of premalignant progression. We identified an ECM-enriched tumor subtype associated with the poorest prognosis. In silico analysis indicates that matrix remodeling programs differentially activate intracellular signaling in tumor and stromal cells to reinforce matrix remodeling associated with resistance and progression. The matrix subtype with the poorest prognosis resembles ECM remodeling in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and may represent a field of cancerization associated with elevated cancer risk. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, this analysis defines matrix-driven features of poor prognosis to inform precision medicine prevention and treatment strategies towards improving SqCC patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia L. Parker
- grid.415306.50000 0000 9983 6924Matrix and Metastasis Lab, Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, 384 Victoria St, Darlinghurst, NSW 2052 Australia ,grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, 2052 Australia
| | - Elise Bowman
- grid.48336.3a0000 0004 1936 8075Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Adriana Zingone
- grid.48336.3a0000 0004 1936 8075Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Brid M. Ryan
- grid.48336.3a0000 0004 1936 8075Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA ,Present address: MiNA Therapeutics, London, UK
| | - Wendy A. Cooper
- grid.413249.90000 0004 0385 0051Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, NSW Health Pathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW 2050 Australia ,grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XSydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050 Australia ,grid.1029.a0000 0000 9939 5719Discipline of Pathology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Liverpool, NSW 2170 Australia
| | - Maija Kohonen-Corish
- grid.417229.b0000 0000 8945 8472Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2037 Australia ,grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432Microbiome Research Centre, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, 2052 Australia ,grid.415306.50000 0000 9983 6924Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010 Australia
| | - Curtis C. Harris
- grid.48336.3a0000 0004 1936 8075Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Thomas R. Cox
- grid.415306.50000 0000 9983 6924Matrix and Metastasis Lab, Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, 384 Victoria St, Darlinghurst, NSW 2052 Australia ,grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, 2052 Australia
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Yu S, Yang R, Xu T, Li X, Wu S, Zhang J. Cancer-associated fibroblasts-derived FMO2 as a biomarker of macrophage infiltration and prognosis in epithelial ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2022; 167:342-353. [PMID: 36114029 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent molecular profiling revealed that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are essential for matrix remodeling and tumor progression. Our study aimed to investigate the role of flavin-containing monooxygenase 2 (FMO2) in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) as a novel CAF-derived prognostic biomarker. METHODS Primary fibroblasts were isolated from EOC samples. Microdissection and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets (including TCGA, GSE9891, GSE63885, GSE118828 and GSE178913) were retrieved to determine the expression profiles. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to explore the correlation between FMO2 and stromal activation as well as immune infiltration. The predictive value of FMO2 and combined macrophage infiltration level was verified in an independent EOC cohort (n = 113). RESULTS We demonstrated that FMO2 was upregulated in tumor stroma and correlated with fibroblast activation. Besides, FMO2 had the predictive power for worse clinical outcome of EOC patients. In the mesenchymal subtype of EOC, the FMO2-defined signature revealed that FMO2 contributed to infiltration of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. Moreover, we confirmed the positive correlation between FMO2 and CD163+ cell infiltration level in EOC tissues, and showed that combination of FMO2 expression with CD163+ cell infiltration level in the tumor stroma could predict poor overall survival (HR = 3.63, 95% CI = 1.93-6.84, p = 0.0008). Additionally, FMO2 also predicted the prognosis of patients with ovarian cancer based on the expression of immune checkpoints (such as PD-L1 and PD1). CONCLUSION Our results address the tumor-supporting role of FMO2 in EOC and its association with immune components, and it might be a prospective target for stroma-oriented therapies against EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihui Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianhan Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Sufang Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiawen Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Dorafshan S, Razmi M, Safaei S, Gentilin E, Madjd Z, Ghods R. Periostin: biology and function in cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:315. [PMID: 36224629 PMCID: PMC9555118 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02714-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Periostin (POSTN), a member of the matricellular protein family, is a secreted adhesion-related protein produced in the periosteum and periodontal ligaments. Matricellular proteins are a nonstructural family of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins that regulate a wide range of biological processes in both normal and pathological conditions. Recent studies have demonstrated the key roles of these ECM proteins in the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, periostin is an essential regulator of bone and tooth formation and maintenance, as well as cardiac development. Also, periostin interacts with multiple cell-surface receptors, especially integrins, and triggers signals that promote tumor growth. According to recent studies, these signals are implicated in cancer cell survival, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion, and metastasis. In this review, we will summarize the most current data regarding periostin, its structure and isoforms, expressions, functions, and regulation in normal and cancerous tissues. Emphasis is placed on its association with cancer progression, and also future potential for periostin-targeted therapeutic approaches will be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Dorafshan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Razmi
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Safaei
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Erica Gentilin
- Bioacoustics Research Laboratory, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, via G. Orus, 2b, 35129, Padua, Italy
| | - Zahra Madjd
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Roya Ghods
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.
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Huang Y, Qiu L, Liang X, Zhao J, Chen H, Luo Z, Li W, Lin X, Jin J, Huang J, Zhang G. Identifying a 6-Gene Prognostic Signature for Lung Adenocarcinoma Based on Copy Number Variation and Gene Expression Data. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:6962163. [PMID: 36211815 PMCID: PMC9535135 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6962163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The occurrence of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a complicated process, involving the genetic and epigenetic changes of proto-oncogenes and oncogenes. The objective of this study was to establish new predictive signatures of lung adenocarcinoma based on copy number variations (CNVs) and gene expression data. Next-generation sequencing was implemented to obtain gene expression and CNV information. According to univariate, multivariate survival Cox regression analysis, and LASSO analysis, the expression profiles of lung adenocarcinoma patients were screened and a risk score formula was established and experimentally validated in a local cohort. The model was evaluated by three independent cohorts (TCGA-LUAD, GSE31210, and GSE30219), and then validated by clinical samples from LUAD patients. A total of 844 CNV-related differentially expressed genes (CNV-related DEGs) were identified. These genes are significantly associated with the imbalance of various oxidative stress pathways. A CNV-associated-six gene signature was dramatically linked to overall survival in lung adenocarcinoma samples from both training and validation groups. Functional enrichment analysis further revealed involvement of genes in p53 signaling pathway and cell cycle as well as the mismatch repair pathway. Risk score is an independent marker considering clinical parameters and had better prediction in clinical subpopulation. The same signature also classified tumor tissues of clinical patients with CNV detected from their corresponding nontumorous tissues with an accuracy of 0.92. In conclusion, we identified a new class of 6 CNV-related gene markers that may act as efficient prognostic predictors of lung adenocarcinoma, thus contributing to individualized treatment decisions in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisheng Huang
- Postdoctoral Innovation Center of Zhongshan Chenxinghai Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Oncology, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming City, China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liling Qiu
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhongshan City People's Hospital, Zhongshan City, China
| | - Xiaoye Liang
- Department of Oncology, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming City, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoting Chen
- Translational Medicine Center, Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Luo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming City, China
| | - Wanzhen Li
- Department of Oncology, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming City, China
| | - Xiaohua Lin
- Department of Oncology, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming City, China
| | - Jingjie Jin
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming City, China
| | - Gong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Wasik A, Ratajczak-Wielgomas K, Badzinski A, Dziegiel P, Podhorska-Okolow M. The Role of Periostin in Angiogenesis and Lymphangiogenesis in Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174225. [PMID: 36077762 PMCID: PMC9454705 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cancers are common diseases that affect people of all ages worldwide. For this reason, continuous attempts are being made to improve current therapeutic options. The formation of metastases significantly decreases patient survival. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms that are involved in this process seems to be crucial for effective cancer therapy. Cancer dissemination occurs mainly through blood and lymphatic vessels. As a result, many scientists have conducted a number of studies on the formation of new vessels. Many studies have shown that proangiogenic factors and the extracellular matrix protein, i.e., periostin, may be important in tumor angio- and lymphangiogenesis, thus contributing to metastasis formation and worsening of the prognosis. Abstract Periostin (POSTN) is a protein that is part of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and which significantly affects the control of intracellular signaling pathways (PI3K-AKT, FAK) through binding integrin receptors (αvβ3, αvβ5, α6β4). In addition, increased POSTN expression enhances the expression of VEGF family growth factors and promotes Erk phosphorylation. As a result, this glycoprotein controls the Erk/VEGF pathway. Therefore, it plays a crucial role in the formation of new blood and lymphatic vessels, which may be significant in the process of metastasis. Moreover, POSTN is involved in the proliferation, progression, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of tumor cells. Its increased expression has been detected in many cancers, including breast cancer, ovarian cancer, non-small cell lung carcinoma and glioblastoma. Many studies have shown that this protein may be an independent prognostic and predictive factor in many cancers, which may influence the choice of optimal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Wasik
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Ratajczak-Wielgomas
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Arkadiusz Badzinski
- Silesian Nanomicroscopy Center, Silesia LabMed: Research and Implementation Center, Medical University of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Piotr Dziegiel
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Human Biology, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marzenna Podhorska-Okolow
- Department of Human Biology, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Ultrastructural Research, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
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Identification of an Exosome-Related Signature for Predicting Prognosis, Immunotherapy Efficacy, and Tumor Microenvironment in Lung Adenocarcinoma. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:1827987. [PMID: 35966889 PMCID: PMC9365589 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1827987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that exosomes can affect lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) progression. However, there is still a lack of understanding of the global influence of exosome-related genes (ERGs) on prognostic relevance, tumor microenvironment features, and immunotherapy responsiveness in patients with LUAD. In the TCGA dataset, differential analysis of 490 LUAD samples and 59 normal samples yielded 30 ERGs with differential expression. We have created a predictive signature based on 10 overall survival (OS)-related ERGs and confirmed it in two external cohorts (GSE72094 and GSE68465) via the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and Cox regression analysis in the TCGA dataset. The new signature revealed superior robustness and prognostic capacity for overall patient survival. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses indicated that this signature was an independent risk factor for survival in patients with LUAD. In addition, for predicting the 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year OS of LUAD patients, we developed a nomogram and confirmed its predictive ability via the C-index and calibration curve. In addition, patients categorized by risk score exhibited distinct immunological states, stemness index, immune subtypes, and immunotherapy response. In conclusion, we created a risk signature for LUAD that was tightly associated with the immune landscape and therapeutic response. Also, such a risk signature effectively promotes the ability of the clinicians in making more precise and individualized treatment recommendations for patients with LUAD.
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14
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Identification of Hub Genes and Key Pathways Associated with Follicular Lymphoma. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2022; 2022:5369104. [PMID: 35965624 PMCID: PMC9357743 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5369104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Follicular lymphoma (FL) is the second most prevalent form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and accounts for almost 20% of all NHL cases. Although FL patients' overall survival rates have steadily increased, there is still no accepted standard of care for individuals who experience recurrence or resistance to treatment. Hence, it is needed to evaluate the precise molecular cascades underlying FL to develop efficient diagnostic and treatment approaches. Herein, we aimed to evaluate variations in gene expression profiles, explore the underlying mechanisms, and find new FL targets. In the present study, Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was employed to evaluate microarray datasets including GSE32018 and GSE55267. R software was employed to evaluate differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between FL and noncancer samples. The DEGs were evaluated using GO, KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, and PPI network to evaluate hub genes, which were then, examined using gene function enrichment analysis. According to the obtained results, a total of 190 upregulated and 162 downregulated DEGs were evaluated. Following the generation of PPI networks, 15 hub genes in highly connected upregulated DEGs were selected including FN1, MMP9, CCL2, CD8A, POSTN, CCR5, COL3A1, CXCL12, VCAM1, COL1A2, CCL5, SPARC, TIMP1, CXCL9, and IL18. The GO enrichment evaluation of the underlined hub genes indicated that the immunological response was the most considerably enriched term. Twelve significant cascades were found using the KEGG pathway analysis, most of which were linked to cellular structure and immunity. Our findings suggested that FN1, SPARC, POSTN, MMP9, and VCAM1 genes are potential biomarkers of FL, and cellular immunity contributes to the pathogenesis of FL. Moreover, the unique DEGs and cascades found in the present study may present new perspectives on the molecular basis of FL's underlying mechanisms as well as a new understanding of FL's future precise management.
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15
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Akinjiyan FA, Dave RM, Alpert E, Longmore GD, Fuh KC. DDR2 Expression in Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Promotes Ovarian Cancer Tumor Invasion and Metastasis through Periostin-ITGB1. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:3482. [PMID: 35884543 PMCID: PMC9319689 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer has the highest mortality of all gynecologic malignancies. As such, there is a need to identify molecular mechanisms that underlie tumor metastasis in ovarian cancer. Increased expression of receptor tyrosine kinase, DDR2, has been associated with worse patient survival. Identifying downstream targets of DDR2 may allow specific modulation of ovarian cancer metastatic pathways. Additionally, stromal cells play a critical role in metastasis. The crosstalk between tumor and stromal cells can lead to tumor progression. We first identified that tumor cells co-cultured with DDR2-expressing fibroblasts had lower periostin expression when compared to tumor cells co-cultured with DDR2-depleted fibroblasts. We confirmed that DDR2 regulates POSTN expression in ovarian cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). We found that mesothelial cell clearance and invasion by tumor cells were enhanced three-fold when DDR2 and POSTN-expressing CAFs were present compared to DDR2 and POSTN-depleted CAFs. Furthermore, DDR2-depleted and POSTN-overexpressing CAFs co-injected with ovarian tumor cells had increased tumor burden compared to mice injected with tumor cells and DDR2 and POSTN-depleted CAFs. Furthermore, we demonstrated that DDR2 regulates periostin expression through integrin B1 (ITGB1). Stromal DDR2 is highly correlated with stromal POSTN expression in ovarian cancer patient tumors. Thus, DDR2 expression in CAFs regulates the steps of ovarian cancer metastasis through periostin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Favour A. Akinjiyan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (F.A.A.); (R.M.D.); (E.A.)
- Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Ritu M. Dave
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (F.A.A.); (R.M.D.); (E.A.)
- Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Emily Alpert
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (F.A.A.); (R.M.D.); (E.A.)
- Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Gregory D. Longmore
- ICCE Institute, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA;
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Katherine C. Fuh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (F.A.A.); (R.M.D.); (E.A.)
- Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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Sun D, Gai Z, Wu J, Chen Q. Prognostic Impact of the Angiogenic Gene POSTN and Its Related Genes on Lung Adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:699824. [PMID: 35832544 PMCID: PMC9271775 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.699824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The function of angiogenesis-related genes (ARGs) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains poorly documented. This study was designed to reveal ARGs in LUAD and related networks. Methods We worked with sequencing data and clinical information pertaining to LUAD from public databases. ARGs were retrieved from the HALLMARK_ANGIOGENESIS gene set. Differential analysis and Kaplan–Meier (K–M) analysis were performed to authenticate the ARGs associated with LUAD. Weighted gene correlation network analysis was performed on the mining hub genes linked to the abovementioned genes, and functional enrichment analysis was done. Subsequently, Cox regression analyses were used to construct the prognostic gene. POSTN and microvessel density were detected using immunohistochemistry. Results POSTN, an ARG that was highly expressed in patients with LUAD and was closely associated with their weak overall survival was identified. Differentially expressed genes associated with POSTN were mainly enriched in entries related to the tubulointerstitial system, immune response, and epithelial cells. A positive correlation was demonstrated between POSTN expression and tumor microvessel density in LUAD. Subsequently, a prognostic gene signature was constructed and revealed that 4 genes may predict the survival of LUAD patients. Furthermore, the ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT analyses suggested that our risk scoring system may be implicated in altering the immune microenvironment of patients with LUAD. Finally, a ceRNA network was constructed based on the prognostic genes, and the regulatory networks were examined. Conclusion POSTN, a novel prognostic gene signature associated with ARGs, was constructed for the prognosis of patients with LUAD. This signature may alter the immune microenvironment by modulating the activation of the tubulointerstitial system, epithelial cells, and immune cells, ultimately affecting patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfeng Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Shandong Lung Cancer Institute, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Dongfeng Sun, ;Qingfa Chen,
| | - Zhibo Gai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qingfa Chen
- Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, China
- *Correspondence: Dongfeng Sun, ;Qingfa Chen,
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Bai X, Chen H, Oliver BG. miRNAs-mediated overexpression of Periostin is correlated with poor prognosis and immune infiltration in lung squamous cell carcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:3757-3781. [PMID: 35508298 PMCID: PMC9134939 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common malignancies with a high mortality rate worldwide. POSTN has been shown to be strongly correlated with the poor prognosis of lung cancer patients. However, the function and mechanism of action of POSTN in lung cancer remain unclear. Here, we carried out a pan-cancer analysis to assess the clinical prognostic value of POSTN based on the TCGA, TIMER, Oncomine, Kaplan-Meier, and UALCAN databases. We found that upregulated POSTN can be a promising biomarker to predict the prognosis of patients with lung cancer. High levels of POSTN correlated with immune cell infiltration in lung cancer, especially lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), which was further confirmed based on the results from the TISIDB database. Moreover, the expression analysis, correlation analysis, and survival analysis revealed that POSTN-targeted miRNAs, downregulation of has-miR-144-3p and has-miR-30e-3p, were significantly linked to poor prognosis in patients with LUSC. Taken together, we identified that POSTN can act as a novel biomarker for determining the prognosis related to immune infiltration in patients with LUSC and deserves further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Bai
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Hui Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Brian G Oliver
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.,Respiratory Cellular and Molecular Biology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2037, Australia
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Yao Y, Li Z, Gao W. Identification of Hub Genes in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and NSCLC Progression:Evidence From Bioinformatics Analysis. Front Genet 2022; 13:855789. [PMID: 35480306 PMCID: PMC9038140 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.855789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lung cancer is the most common comorbidity of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Thus there is an urgent need for the research of IPF and carcinogenesis Objective: The objective of this study was to explore hub genes which are common in pulmonary fibrosis and lung cancer progression through bioinformatic analysis. Methods: All the analysis was performed in R software. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were explored by comparing gene expression profiles between IPF tissues and healthy lung tissues from GSE24206, GSE53845, GSE101286 and GSE110147 datasets. Venn Diagram analysis was used to identify the overlapping genes, while GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were used to explore the biological functions of the DEGs using clusterprofiler package. Hub genes were identified by analyzing protein-protein interaction networks using Cytoscape software. Nomogram was constructed using the rms package. Tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) and Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) analysis was used to quantify the immunotherapy and chemotherapy sensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Results:COL1A1, COL3A1, MMP1, POSTN1 and TIMP3 were identified as the top five hub genes. The five hub genes were used to construct a diagnostic nomogram that was validated in another IPF dataset. Since the hub genes were also associated with lung cancer progression, we found that the nomogram also had diagnostic value in NSCLC patients. These five genes achieved a statistically difference of overall survival in NSCLC patients (p < 0.05). The expression of the five hub genes was mostly enriched in fibroblasts. Fibroblasts and the hub genes also showed significant ability to predict the susceptibility of NSCLC patients to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Conclusion: We identified five hub genes as potential biomarkers of IPF and NSCLC progression. This finding may give insight into the underlying molecular mechanisms of IPF and lung cancer progression and provides potential targets for developing new therapeutic agents for IPF patients.
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Guo Q, Xiao XY, Wu CY, Li D, Chen JL, Ding XC, Cheng C, Chen CR, Tong S, Wang SH. Clinical Roles of Risk Model Based on Differentially Expressed Genes in Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Prognosis and Immunity of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. Front Genet 2022; 13:823075. [PMID: 35281822 PMCID: PMC8912942 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.823075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an important regulatory role in the progression of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the TME might contribute to the occurrence and development of cancer. This study evaluates the role of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of MSCs and the development of NSCLC and develops a prognostic risk model to assess the therapeutic responses. The DEGs in MSCs from lung tissues and from normal tissues were analyzed using GEO2R. The functions and mechanisms of the DEGs were analyzed using the Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Additionally, the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to determine the expression levels of the DEGs of MSCs in the NSCLC tissues. The prognostic factors of NSCLC related to MSCs were screened by survival analysis, meta-analysis, Cox regression analysis, and a prognostic risk model and nomogram was developed. The signaling mechanisms and immune roles that risk model participate in NSCLC development were determined via Gene Set Enrichment Analysis and CIBERSORT analysis. Compared to the normal tissues, 161 DEGs were identified in the MSCs of the lung tissues. These DEGs were associated with mechanisms, such as DNA replication, nuclear division, and homologous recombination. The overexpression of DDIT4, IL6, ITGA11, MME, MSX2, POSTN, and TRPA1 were associated with dismal prognosis of NSCLC patients. A high-risk score based on the prognostic risk model indicated the dismal prognosis of NSCLC patients. The nomogram showed that the age, clinical stage, and risk score affected the prognosis of NSCLC patients. Further, the high-risk model was associated with signaling mechanisms, such as the ECM-receptor interaction pathways, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and MAPK pathways, involved in the progression of NSCLC and was also related to the components of the immune system, such as macrophages M0, T follicular helper cells, regulatory T cells. Therefore, the risk model and nomogram that was constructed on the basis of MSC-related factors such as POSTN, TRPA1, and DDIT4 could facilitate the discovery of target molecules that participate in the progression of NSCLC, which might also serve as new candidate markers for evaluating the prognosis of NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Yue Xiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chuang-Yan Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Oncology, Huanggang Central Hospital, Huanggang, China
| | - Jiu-Ling Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang-Chao Ding
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chao Cheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chong-Rui Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Song Tong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Si-Hua Wang, ; Song Tong,
| | - Si-Hua Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Si-Hua Wang, ; Song Tong,
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Zhang J, Zha T, Zhang N, Sun G. Diagnostic value of periostin in lung cancer-related malignant pleural effusion. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24179. [PMID: 35152510 PMCID: PMC8842311 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periostin (POSTN) is an extracellular matrix protein that is overexpressed in lung cancer and is considered an effective diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for lung cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the diagnostic performance of POSTN and to further evaluate the diagnostic value of POSTN combined with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and cancer ratio [CR: serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)/pleural effusion adenosine deaminase (PE ADA)] in lung cancer-related malignant PE (MPE). METHODS A total of 108 patients with PE, including 54 with lung cancer and 54 with benign lung disease, were enrolled in this study. The POSTN levels of PE and serum were detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Information on the expression of PE and serum CEA, serum LDH, and PE ADA was collected from medical records. RESULTS The levels of PE POSTN in MPE of patients with lung cancer were significantly higher than those in patients with benign PE (p < 0.0001). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve indicated that the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of PE POSTN for lung cancer-related MPE were respectively 77.78% and 68.52% when the cutoff value was determined to be 53.45 ng/ml. The ROC curve analysis demonstrated that PE POSTN has a high diagnostic value in MPE associated with lung cancer [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.764], and the combination of PE POSTN, PE CEA, and CR can improve the diagnostic accuracy of lung cancer-related MPE (AUC = 0.948). CONCLUSION POSTN can be used as a potential marker for lung cancer-related MPE diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityAnhuiChina
| | - Tongtong Zha
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityAnhuiChina
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityAnhuiChina
| | - Gengyun Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityAnhuiChina
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Ratajczak-Wielgomas K, Kmiecik A, Dziegiel P. Role of Periostin Expression in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Periostin Silencing Inhibits the Migration and Invasion of Lung Cancer Cells via Regulation of MMP-2 Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031240. [PMID: 35163164 PMCID: PMC8835752 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The involvement of periostin (POSTN) in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) migration, invasion, and its underlying mechanisms has not been well established. The present study aims to determine epithelial POSTN expression in NSCLC and to assess associations with clinicopathological factors and prognosis as well as to explore the effects of POSTN knockdown on tumor microenvironment and the migration and invasion of lung cancer cells. Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate epithelial POSTN expression in NSCLC. POSTN mRNA expression in the dissected lung cancer cells was confirmed by laser capture microdissection and real-time PCR. A549 cells were used for transfecting shRNA-POSTN lentiviral particles. Wound healing and Transwell invasion assays were used to assess the migratory and invasive abilities of A549 cells transfected with POSTN-specific short hairpin (sh)RNA. The results demonstrated significantly higher cytoplasmic POSTN expression in the whole NSCLC group compared to non-malignant lung tissue (NMLT). POSTN expression in cancer cells may be considered to be an independent prognostic factor for survival in NSCLC. POSTN knockdown significantly inhibited A549 cell migration and invasion capabilities in vitro. The activity and the expression level of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) were significantly decreased in A549.shRNA compared to control cells. In summary, POSTN may regulate lung cancer cell invasiveness by modulating the expression of MMP-2 and may represent a potential target for novel therapeutic intervention for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Ratajczak-Wielgomas
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.K.); (P.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-7-1784-1365; Fax: +48-7-1784-0082
| | - Alicja Kmiecik
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.K.); (P.D.)
| | - Piotr Dziegiel
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.K.); (P.D.)
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University School of Physical Education, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland
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Liu T, Xia R, Li C, Chen X, Cai X, Li W. mRNA expression level of CDH2, LEP, POSTN, TIMP1 and VEGFC modulates 5-fluorouracil resistance in colon cancer cells. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1023. [PMID: 34373709 PMCID: PMC8343572 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance severely affects the clinical efficacy of therapeutic agents in patients with colon cancer. The aim of the present study was to identify genes involved in drug resistance in colon cancer using bioinformatics analysis and to identify the underlying mechanisms in vitro. Genes associated with cancer recurrence and chemotherapy resistance were identified using data mining. Immunohistochemistry was performed to analyze the protein expression level of genes of interest in human colon cancer tissues. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analysis was performed to analyze the gene expression level in patient samples and in colon cancer cell lines (HCT116 and LoVo). Cell viability was evaluated using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay in the colon cancer cell lines. Apoptosis was measured using PI staining. The results from the present study revealed 602 genes using both ‘cancer recurrence’ and ‘chemoresistance’ terms on the GenCLiP3 website. Gene functional annotation was performed using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery then, the protein-protein interaction networks of the 602 genes were analyzed using STRING analysis. Further, in the GEPIA database, 14 genes (ATM, CDH2, CDKN2A, EPO, LEP, TGFB1, TIMP1, PGR, VEGFC, POSTN, BCL6, CYP19A1, NOTCH3 and XPA) were found to be upregulated in colon cancer tissue and were associated with poor prognosis in patients with colon cancer. Further analysis of 33 paired human colon cancer tissues revealed that 8 genes (ATM, CDH2, CDKN2A, LEP, PGR, TIMP1, POSTN and VEGFC) were significantly upregulated, which was consistent with the results obtained from the earlier analysis and 5 genes (CDH2, LEP, POSTN, TIMP1 and VEGFC) were associated with patient prognosis. Silencing of these 5 genes using small interfering RNAs significantly enhanced the sensitivity of colon cancer cells to the chemotherapeutic agent, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Taken together, the results suggested that CDH2, LEP, POSTN, TIMP1 and VEGFC might play a role in chemotherapeutic resistance in colon cancer and represent potential targets for overcoming 5-FU resistance in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China
| | - Rongmu Xia
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China
| | - Chenmeng Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, P.R. China
| | - Xiaocong Chen
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China
| | - Xuemin Cai
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China
| | - Wengang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China
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