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Magliocca V, Lanciotti A, Ambrosini E, Travaglini L, D’Ezio V, D’Oria V, Petrini S, Catteruccia M, Massey K, Tartaglia M, Bertini E, Persichini T, Compagnucci C. Modeling riboflavin transporter deficiency type 2: from iPSC-derived motoneurons to iPSC-derived astrocytes. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1440555. [PMID: 39113759 PMCID: PMC11303166 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1440555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Riboflavin transporter deficiency type 2 (RTD2) is a rare neurodegenerative autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in the SLC52A2 gene encoding the riboflavin transporters, RFVT2. Riboflavin (Rf) is the precursor of FAD (flavin adenine dinucleotide) and FMN (flavin mononucleotide), which are involved in different redox reactions, including the energetic metabolism processes occurring in mitochondria. To date, human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have given the opportunity to characterize RTD2 motoneurons, which reflect the most affected cell type. Previous works have demonstrated mitochondrial and peroxisomal altered energy metabolism as well as cytoskeletal derangement in RTD2 iPSCs and iPSC-derived motoneurons. So far, no attention has been dedicated to astrocytes. Results and discussion Here, we demonstrate that in vitro differentiation of astrocytes, which guarantee trophic and metabolic support to neurons, from RTD2 iPSCs is not compromised. These cells do not exhibit evident morphological differences nor significant changes in the survival rate when compared to astrocytes derived from iPSCs of healthy individuals. These findings indicate that differently from what had previously been documented for neurons, RTD2 does not compromise the morpho-functional features of astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Magliocca
- Molecular Genetics and Functional Genomics, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Science, University “Roma Tre”, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Lanciotti
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Ambrosini
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorena Travaglini
- Unit of Translational Cytogenetic Research, Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Valentina D’Oria
- Confocal Microscopy Core Facility, Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Petrini
- Confocal Microscopy Core Facility, Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Catteruccia
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Translational Pediatrics and Clinical Genetics, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Marco Tartaglia
- Molecular Genetics and Functional Genomics, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Bertini
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Translational Pediatrics and Clinical Genetics, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Narayanan RK, Perez-siles G, Marzec KA, Boyling A, Neumann B, Menezes MP, Kennerson ML. C. elegans model of riboflavin transporter deficiency (RTD) disorder reveals deficits in synaptic transmission and movement. Genes Dis 2024; 11:101071. [PMID: 38515939 PMCID: PMC10955194 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh K. Narayanan
- Northcott Neuroscience Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute - Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Gonzalo Perez-siles
- Northcott Neuroscience Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute - Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Kamila A. Marzec
- ANZAC Research Institute - Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia
| | - Alexandra Boyling
- Northcott Neuroscience Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute - Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Brent Neumann
- Neuroscience Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Manoj P. Menezes
- TY Nelson Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery and Kids Neuroscience, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
- Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Marina L. Kennerson
- Northcott Neuroscience Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute - Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Concord General Repatriation Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia
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Peng Z, Ding YN, Yang ZM, Li XJ, Zhuang Z, Lu Y, Tang QS, Hang CH, Li W. Neuron-targeted liposomal coenzyme Q10 attenuates neuronal ferroptosis after subarachnoid hemorrhage by activating the ferroptosis suppressor protein 1/coenzyme Q10 system. Acta Biomater 2024; 179:325-339. [PMID: 38561074 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is primarily attributed to the rupture of intracranial aneurysms and is associated with a high incidence of disability and mortality. SAH disrupts the blood‒brain barrier, leading to the release of iron ions from blood within the subarachnoid space, subsequently inducing neuronal ferroptosis. A recently discovered protein, known as ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1), exerts anti-ferroptotic effects by facilitating the conversion of oxidative coenzyme Q 10 (CoQ10) to its reduced form, which effectively scavenges reactive oxygen radicals and mitigates iron-induced ferroptosis. In our investigation, we observed an increase in FSP1 levels following SAH. However, the depletion of CoQ10 caused by SAH hindered the biological function of FSP1. Therefore, we created neuron-targeted liposomal CoQ10 by introducing the neuron-targeting peptide Tet1 onto the surface of liposomal CoQ10. Our objective was to determine whether this formulation could activate the FSP1 system and subsequently inhibit neuronal ferroptosis. Our findings revealed that neuron-targeted liposomal CoQ10 effectively localized to neurons at the lesion site after SAH. Furthermore, it facilitated the upregulation of FSP1, reduced the accumulation of malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species, inhibited neuronal ferroptosis, and exerted neuroprotective effects both in vitro and in vivo. Our study provides evidence that supplementation with CoQ10 can effectively activate the FSP1 system. Additionally, we developed a neuron-targeted liposomal CoQ10 formulation that can be selectively delivered to neurons at the site of SAH. This innovative approach represents a promising therapeutic strategy for neuronal ferroptosis following SAH. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is primarily attributed to the rupture of intracranial aneurysms and is associated with a high incidence of disability and mortality. Ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1), exerts anti-ferroptotic effects by facilitating the conversion of oxidative coenzyme Q 10 (CoQ10) to its reduced form, which effectively scavenges reactive oxygen radicals and mitigates iron-induced ferroptosis. In our investigation, we observed an increase in FSP1 levels following SAH. However, the depletion of CoQ10 caused by SAH hindered the biological function of FSP1. Therefore, we created neuron-targeted liposomal CoQ10. We find that it effectively localized to neurons at the lesion site after SAH and activated the FSP1/CoQ10 system. This innovative approach represents a promising therapeutic strategy for neuronal ferroptosis following SAH and other central nervous system diseases characterized by disruption of the blood-brain barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yi-Nan Ding
- Department of Interventional Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
| | | | - Xiao-Jian Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Zong Zhuang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yue Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Qiu-Sha Tang
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Chun-Hua Hang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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Marioli C, Muzzi M, Colasuonno F, Fiorucci C, Cicolani N, Petrini S, Bertini E, Tartaglia M, Compagnucci C, Moreno S. Caspase-dependent apoptosis in Riboflavin Transporter Deficiency iPSCs and derived motor neurons. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:54. [PMID: 38278809 PMCID: PMC10817897 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01812-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Riboflavin Transporter Deficiency (RTD) is a rare genetic, childhood-onset disease. This pathology has a relevant neurological involvement, being characterized by motor symptoms, ponto-bulbar paralysis and sensorineural deafness. Such clinical presentation is associated with muscle weakness and motor neuron (MN) degeneration, so that RTD is considered part of the MN disease spectrum. Based on previous findings demonstrating energy dysmetabolism and mitochondrial impairment in RTD induced Pluripotent Stem cells (iPSCs) and iPSC-derived MNs, here we address the involvement of intrinsic apoptotic pathways in disease pathogenesis using these patient-specific in vitro models by combined ultrastructural and confocal analyses. We show impaired neuronal survival of RTD iPSCs and MNs. Focused Ion Beam/Scanning Electron Microscopy (FIB/SEM) documents severe alterations in patients' cells, including deranged mitochondrial ultrastructure, and altered plasma membrane and nuclear organization. Occurrence of aberrantly activated apoptosis is confirmed by immunofluorescence and TUNEL assays. Overall, our work provides evidence of a role played by mitochondrial dysfunction in RTD, and identifies neuronal apoptosis as a contributing event in disease pathogenesis, indicating intrinsic apoptosis pathways as possible relevant targets for more effective therapeutical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Marioli
- Department of Science, LIME, University Roma Tre, 00146, Rome, Italy
- Molecular Genetics and Functional Genomics, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Muzzi
- Department of Science, LIME, University Roma Tre, 00146, Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Neurodevelopment, Neurogenetics and Neuromolecular Biology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179, Rome, Italy
| | - Fiorella Colasuonno
- Molecular Genetics and Functional Genomics, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristian Fiorucci
- Department of Science, LIME, University Roma Tre, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicolò Cicolani
- Confocal Microscopy Core Facility, Research Laboratories, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Petrini
- Confocal Microscopy Core Facility, Research Laboratories, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Bertini
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Tartaglia
- Molecular Genetics and Functional Genomics, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Compagnucci
- Molecular Genetics and Functional Genomics, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy.
| | - Sandra Moreno
- Department of Science, LIME, University Roma Tre, 00146, Rome, Italy.
- Laboratory of Neurodevelopment, Neurogenetics and Neuromolecular Biology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179, Rome, Italy.
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Lee TY, Farah N, Chin VK, Lim CW, Chong PP, Basir R, Lim WF, Loo YS. Medicinal benefits, biological, and nanoencapsulation functions of riboflavin with its toxicity profile: A narrative review. Nutr Res 2023; 119:1-20. [PMID: 37708600 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Riboflavin is a precursor of the essential coenzymes flavin mononucleotide and flavin adenine dinucleotide. Both possess antioxidant properties and are involved in oxidation-reduction reactions, which have a significant impact on energy metabolism. Also, the coenzymes participate in metabolism of pyridoxine, niacin, folate, and iron. Humans must obtain riboflavin through their daily diet because of the lack of programmed enzymatic machineries for de novo riboflavin synthesis. Because of its physiological nature and fast elimination from the human body when in excess, riboflavin consumed is unlikely to induce any negative effects or develop toxicity in humans. The use of riboflavin in pharmaceutical and clinical contexts has been previously explored, including for preventing and treating oxidative stress and reperfusion oxidative damage, creating synergistic compounds to mitigate colorectal cancer, modulating blood pressure, improving diabetes mellitus comorbidities, as well as neuroprotective agents and potent photosensitizer in killing bloodborne pathogens. Thus, the goal of this review is to provide a comprehensive understanding of riboflavin's biological applications in medicine, key considerations of riboflavin safety and toxicity, and a brief overview on the nanoencapsulation of riboflavin for various functions including the treatment of a range of diseases, photodynamic therapy, and cellular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tze Yan Lee
- Perdana University School of Liberal Arts, Science and Technology (PUScLST), Wisma Chase Perdana, Changkat Semantan, Damansara Heights, 50490 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Nuratiqah Farah
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Voon Kin Chin
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, SEGi University, Kota Damansara, 47810 Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chee Woei Lim
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Pei Pei Chong
- School of Biosciences, Taylor's University, No. 1, Jalan Taylor's, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rusliza Basir
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wai Feng Lim
- Sunway Medical Centre, 47500 Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yan Shan Loo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Colasuonno F, Marioli C, Tartaglia M, Bertini E, Compagnucci C, Moreno S. New Insights into the Neurodegeneration Mechanisms Underlying Riboflavin Transporter Deficiency (RTD): Involvement of Energy Dysmetabolism and Cytoskeletal Derangement. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061329. [PMID: 35740351 PMCID: PMC9219947 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Riboflavin transporter deficiency (RTD) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by motor, sensory and cranial neuropathy. This childhood-onset neurodegenerative disease is caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in either SLC52A2 or SLC52A3 genes, resulting in insufficient supply of riboflavin (vitamin B2) and consequent impairment of flavoprotein-dependent metabolic pathways. Current therapy, empirically based high-dose riboflavin supplementation, ameliorates the progression of the disease, even though response to treatment is variable and partial. Recent studies have highlighted concurrent pathogenic contribution of cellular energy dysmetabolism and cytoskeletal derangement. In this context, patient specific RTD models, based on induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology, have provided evidence of redox imbalance, involving mitochondrial and peroxisomal dysfunction. Such oxidative stress condition likely causes cytoskeletal perturbation, associated with impaired differentiation of RTD motor neurons. In this review, we discuss the most recent findings obtained using different RTD models. Relevantly, the integration of data from innovative iPSC-derived in vitro models and invertebrate in vivo models may provide essential information on RTD pathophysiology. Such novel insights are expected to suggest custom therapeutic strategies, especially for those patients unresponsive to high-dose riboflavin treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiorella Colasuonno
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (C.M.); (M.T.); (E.B.)
- Department of Science, LIME, University Roma Tre, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Marioli
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (C.M.); (M.T.); (E.B.)
- Department of Science, LIME, University Roma Tre, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Tartaglia
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (C.M.); (M.T.); (E.B.)
| | - Enrico Bertini
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (C.M.); (M.T.); (E.B.)
| | - Claudia Compagnucci
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (C.M.); (M.T.); (E.B.)
- Correspondence: (C.C.); (S.M.)
| | - Sandra Moreno
- Department of Science, LIME, University Roma Tre, 00165 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (C.C.); (S.M.)
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Ma J, Ni K, Cai W, Li B, Qian Q, Sun D. Generation of an induced pluripotent stem cell line ATCi001-A from a three-year-old Chinese girl with Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome-2. Stem Cell Res 2021; 57:102589. [PMID: 34736036 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2021.102589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome-2 is a rare neurological disorder characterized by sensory neuronopathy and pontobulbar palsy, caused by variations in SLC52A2 and SLC52A3 genes, encoding the riboflavin transporters. By reprogramming with SOX2, KLF4, c-MYC and OCT3/4, we generated an iPSC cell line from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) collected from a three-year-old Chinese female individual to be used as a disease model. By fully examination, the resulting iPSCs expressed pluripotency-associated stem cell markers, maintained the normal karyotype and proliferative potential for three-germ layer differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiehui Ma
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science&Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Kun Ni
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science&Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Cai
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science&Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bingying Li
- Aegicare (Shenzhen) Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Qian
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science&Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Dan Sun
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science&Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Ofir R. hiPSC-Derived Cells as Models for Drug Discovery. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168626. [PMID: 34445332 PMCID: PMC8395303 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rivka Ofir
- BGU-iPSC Core Facility, The Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cell (RMSC) Research Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva 84105, Israel
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Colasuonno F, Bertini E, Tartaglia M, Compagnucci C, Moreno S. Mitochondrial Abnormalities in Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells-Derived Motor Neurons from Patients with Riboflavin Transporter Deficiency. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E1252. [PMID: 33317017 PMCID: PMC7763948 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Riboflavin transporter deficiency (RTD) is a childhood-onset neurodegenerative disorder characterized by sensorineural deafness and motor neuron degeneration. Since riboflavin plays key functions in biological oxidation-reduction reactions, energy metabolism pathways involving flavoproteins are affected in RTD. We recently generated induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines from affected individuals as an in vitro model of the disease and documented mitochondrial impairment in these cells, dramatically impacting cell redox status. This work extends our study to motor neurons (MNs), i.e., the cell type most affected in patients with RTD. Altered intracellular distribution of mitochondria was detected by confocal microscopic analysis (following immunofluorescence for superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), as a dual mitochondrial and antioxidant marker), and βIII-Tubulin, as a neuronal marker. We demonstrate significantly lower SOD2 levels in RTD MNs, as compared to their healthy counterparts. Mitochondrial ultrastructural abnormalities were also assessed by focused ion beam/scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, we investigated the effects of combination treatment using riboflavin and N-acetylcysteine, which is a widely employed antioxidant. Overall, our findings further support the potential of patient-specific RTD models and provide evidence of mitochondrial alterations in RTD-related iPSC-derived MNs-emphasizing oxidative stress involvement in this rare disease. We also provide new clues for possible therapeutic strategies aimed at correcting mitochondrial defects, based on the use of antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiorella Colasuonno
- Department of Science, LIME, University of Roma Tre, 00146 Rome, Italy;
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, 00146 Rome, Italy;
| | - Enrico Bertini
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, 00146 Rome, Italy;
| | - Marco Tartaglia
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, 00146 Rome, Italy;
| | - Claudia Compagnucci
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, 00146 Rome, Italy;
| | - Sandra Moreno
- Department of Science, LIME, University of Roma Tre, 00146 Rome, Italy;
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