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Li J, Cheng C, Zhang J. An analysis of AURKB's prognostic and immunological roles across various cancers. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18475. [PMID: 38898693 PMCID: PMC11187167 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Aurora kinase B (AURKB), an essential regulator in the process of mitosis, has been revealed through various studies to have a significant role in cancer development and progression. However, the specific mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study, therefore, seeks to elucidate the multifaceted role of AURKB in diverse cancer types. This study utilized bioinformatics techniques to examine the transcript, protein, promoter methylation and mutation levels of AURKB. The study further analysed associations between AURKB and factors such as prognosis, pathological stage, biological function, immune infiltration, tumour mutational burden (TMB) and microsatellite instability (MSI). In addition, immunohistochemical staining data of 50 cases of renal clear cell carcinoma and its adjacent normal tissues were collected to verify the difference in protein expression of AURKB in the two tissues. The results show that AURKB is highly expressed in most cancers, and the protein level of AURKB and the methylation level of its promoter vary among cancer types. Survival analysis showed that AURKB was associated with overall survival in 12 cancer types and progression-free survival in 11 cancer types. Elevated levels of AURKB were detected in the advanced stages of 10 different cancers. AURKB has a potential impact on cancer progression through its effects on cell cycle regulation as well as inflammatory and immune-related pathways. We observed a strong association between AURKB and immune cell infiltration, immunomodulatory factors, TMB and MSI. Importantly, we confirmed that the AURKB protein is highly expressed in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC). Our study reveals that AURKB may be a potential biomarker for pan-cancer and KIRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical UniversityBengbuChina
| | - Cui Cheng
- Department of Gynaecological OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical UniversityBengbuChina
| | - Jiajun Zhang
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical UniversityBengbuChina
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Li R, He J, Ni Z, Zhang J, Chi X, Kang C, Li Z, Li X. Mining and exploration of rehabilitation nursing targets for colorectal cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:7022-7042. [PMID: 38637125 PMCID: PMC11087124 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are often subtle early symptoms of colorectal cancer, a common malignancy of the intestinal tract. However, it is not yet clear how MYC and NCAPG2 are involved in colorectal cancer. METHOD We obtained colorectal cancer datasets GSE32323 and GSE113513 from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). After downloading, we identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and performed Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA). We then undertook functional enrichment assay, gene set enrichment assay (GSEA) and immune infiltration assay. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction and analysis were undertaken. Survival analysis and Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) analysis were conducted. A gene expression heat map was generated. We used TargetScan to identify miRNAs that are regulators of DEGs. RESULTS 1117 DEGs were identified. Their predominant enrichment in activities like the cellular phase of the cell cycle, in cell proliferation, in nuclear and cytoplasmic localisation and in binding to protein-containing complexes was revealed by Gene Ontology (GO). When the enrichment data from GSE32323 and GSE113513 colon cancer datasets were merged, the primary enriched DEGs were linked to the cell cycle, protein complex, cell cycle control, calcium signalling and P53 signalling pathways. In particular, MYC, MAD2L1, CENPF, UBE2C, NUF2 and NCAPG2 were identified as highly expressed in colorectal cancer samples. Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) demonstrated that the core genes were implicated in the following processes: colorectal neoplasia, tumour cell transformation, inflammation and necrosis. CONCLUSIONS High MYC and NCAPG2 expression has been observed in colorectal cancer, and increased MYC and NCAPG2 expression correlates with worse prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruipu Li
- Gastrointestinal Rehabilitation Center, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Shijingshan 100144, Beijing, China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation 731 Hospital, Fengtai, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijie Ni
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation 731 Hospital, Fengtai, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Gastrointestinal Rehabilitation Center, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Shijingshan 100144, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqian Chi
- Gastrointestinal Rehabilitation Center, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Shijingshan 100144, Beijing, China
| | - Chunbo Kang
- Gastrointestinal Rehabilitation Center, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Shijingshan 100144, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongbo Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation 731 Hospital, Fengtai, Beijing, China
| | - Xubin Li
- Gastrointestinal Rehabilitation Center, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Shijingshan 100144, Beijing, China
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Wang XW, Yang SG, Hu MW, Wang RY, Zhang C, Kosanam AR, Ochuba AJ, Jiang JJ, Luo X, Guan Y, Qian J, Liu CM, Zhou FQ. Histone methyltransferase Ezh2 coordinates mammalian axon regeneration via regulation of key regenerative pathways. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e163145. [PMID: 38015636 PMCID: PMC10849760 DOI: 10.1172/jci163145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Current treatments for neurodegenerative diseases and neural injuries face major challenges, primarily due to the diminished regenerative capacity of neurons in the mammalian CNS as they mature. Here, we investigated the role of Ezh2, a histone methyltransferase, in regulating mammalian axon regeneration. We found that Ezh2 declined in the mouse nervous system during maturation but was upregulated in adult dorsal root ganglion neurons following peripheral nerve injury to facilitate spontaneous axon regeneration. In addition, overexpression of Ezh2 in retinal ganglion cells in the CNS promoted optic nerve regeneration via both histone methylation-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Further investigation revealed that Ezh2 fostered axon regeneration by orchestrating the transcriptional silencing of genes governing synaptic function and those inhibiting axon regeneration, while concurrently activating various factors that support axon regeneration. Notably, we demonstrated that GABA transporter 2, encoded by Slc6a13, acted downstream of Ezh2 to control axon regeneration. Overall, our study underscores the potential of modulating chromatin accessibility as a promising strategy for promoting CNS axon regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Wei Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Shu-Guang Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Rui-Ying Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Anish R. Kosanam
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Arinze J. Ochuba
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jing-Jing Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Yun Guan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Chang-Mei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feng-Quan Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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4
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Gao W, Guo N, Yan H, Zhao S, Sun Y, Chen Z. Mycn ameliorates cardiac hypertrophy-induced heart failure in mice by mediating the USP2/JUP/Akt/β-catenin cascade. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2024; 24:82. [PMID: 38297207 PMCID: PMC10829249 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-024-03748-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is associated with cardiac dysfunction and is a key risk factor for heart failure and even sudden death. This study investigates the function of Mycn in cardiac hypertrophy and explores the interacting molecules. METHODS A mouse model of cardiac hypertrophy was induced by isoproterenol (ISO). The cardiac dysfunction was assessed by the heart weight-to-body weight ratio (HW/BW), echocardiography assessment, pathological staining, biomarker detection, and cell apoptosis. Transcriptome alteration in cardiac hypertrophy was analyzed by bioinformatics analysis. Gain- or loss-of-function studies of MYCN proto-oncogene (Mycn), ubiquitin specific peptidase 2 (USP2), and junction plakoglobin (JUP) were performed. The biological functions of Mycn were further examined in ISO-treated cardiomyocytes. The molecular interactions were verified by luciferase assay or immunoprecipitation assays. RESULTS Mycn was poorly expressed in ISO-treated mice, and its upregulation reduced HW/BW, cell surface area, oxidative stress, and inflammation while improving cardiac function of mice. It also reduced apoptosis of cardiomyocytes in mice and those in vitro induced by ISO. Mycn bound to the USP2 promoter to activate its transcription. USP2 overexpression exerted similar myocardial protective functions. It stabilized JUP protein by deubiquitination modification, which blocked the Akt/β-catenin pathway. Knockdown of JUP restored phosphorylation of Akt and β-catenin protein level, which negated the protective effects of USP2. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that Mycn activates USP2 transcription, which mediates ubiquitination and protein stabilization of JUP, thus inactivating the Akt/β-catenin axis and alleviating cardiac hypertrophy-induced heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weinian Gao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, P.R. China
- Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, P.R. China
| | - Na Guo
- Department of Geriatry II, TCM Hospital of Shijiazhuang city, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, P.R. China
| | - Hongjiang Yan
- Department of Thoracic surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, P.R. China
| | - Shuguang Zhao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, P.R. China
| | - Yongquan Sun
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, P.R. China
| | - Ziying Chen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, P.R. China.
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Diaz LR, Gil-Ranedo J, Jaworek KJ, Nsek N, Marques JP, Costa E, Hilton DA, Bieluczyk H, Warrington O, Hanemann CO, Futschik ME, Bossing T, Barros CS. Ribogenesis boosts controlled by HEATR1-MYC interplay promote transition into brain tumour growth. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:168-197. [PMID: 38225354 PMCID: PMC10897169 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-023-00017-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell commitment to tumourigenesis and the onset of uncontrolled growth are critical determinants in cancer development but the early events directing tumour initiating cell (TIC) fate remain unclear. We reveal a single-cell transcriptome profile of brain TICs transitioning into tumour growth using the brain tumour (brat) neural stem cell-based Drosophila model. Prominent changes in metabolic and proteostasis-associated processes including ribogenesis are identified. Increased ribogenesis is a known cell adaptation in established tumours. Here we propose that brain TICs boost ribogenesis prior to tumour growth. In brat-deficient TICs, we show that this dramatic change is mediated by upregulated HEAT-Repeat Containing 1 (HEATR1) to promote ribosomal RNA generation, TIC enlargement and onset of overgrowth. High HEATR1 expression correlates with poor glioma patient survival and patient-derived glioblastoma stem cells rely on HEATR1 for enhanced ribogenesis and tumourigenic potential. Finally, we show that HEATR1 binds the master growth regulator MYC, promotes its nucleolar localisation and appears required for MYC-driven ribogenesis, suggesting a mechanism co-opted in ribogenesis reprogramming during early brain TIC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura R Diaz
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, John Bull Building, University of Plymouth, PL6 8BU, Plymouth, UK
| | - Jon Gil-Ranedo
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, John Bull Building, University of Plymouth, PL6 8BU, Plymouth, UK
| | - Karolina J Jaworek
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, John Bull Building, University of Plymouth, PL6 8BU, Plymouth, UK
- School of Biological Sciences, Bangor University, LL57 2UW, Bangor, UK
| | - Nsikan Nsek
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, John Bull Building, University of Plymouth, PL6 8BU, Plymouth, UK
| | - Joao Pinheiro Marques
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, John Bull Building, University of Plymouth, PL6 8BU, Plymouth, UK
| | - Eleni Costa
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, John Bull Building, University of Plymouth, PL6 8BU, Plymouth, UK
| | - David A Hilton
- Department of Cellular and Anatomical Pathology, University Hospitals Plymouth, PL6 8DH, Plymouth, UK
| | - Hubert Bieluczyk
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, John Bull Building, University of Plymouth, PL6 8BU, Plymouth, UK
| | - Oliver Warrington
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, John Bull Building, University of Plymouth, PL6 8BU, Plymouth, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, WC1N 3AR, London, UK
| | - C Oliver Hanemann
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, John Bull Building, University of Plymouth, PL6 8BU, Plymouth, UK
| | - Matthias E Futschik
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Derriford Research Facility, University of Plymouth, PL6 8BU, Plymouth, UK
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Torsten Bossing
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, John Bull Building, University of Plymouth, PL6 8BU, Plymouth, UK
| | - Claudia S Barros
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, John Bull Building, University of Plymouth, PL6 8BU, Plymouth, UK.
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6
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Gross J, Herrera-Marschitz M. Potential Key Proteins, Molecular Networks, and Pathways in Perinatal Hypoxia. Neurotox Res 2023; 41:571-588. [PMID: 37651081 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-023-00663-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Perinatal hypoxia is a common risk factor for CNS development. Using bioinformatics databases, a list of 129 genes involved in perinatal hypoxia was selected from the literature and analyzed with respect to proteins important for biological processes influencing the brain development. Functional enrichment analysis using the DAVID database was performed to identify relevant Gene Ontology (GO) biological processes like response to hypoxia, inflammatory response, positive and negative regulation of apoptosis, and positive and negative regulation of cell proliferation. The selected GO processes contain 17-30 proteins and show an enrichment of 6.3-14.3-fold. The STRING protein-protein interaction network and the Cytoscape data analyzer were used to identify interacting proteins playing a significant role in these processes. The two top protein pairs referring to the proteins with highest degrees and the corresponding proteins connected by high score edges exert opposite or regulatory functions and are essential for the balance between damaging, repairing, protective, or epigenetic processes. The GO response to hypoxia is characterized by the high score protein-protein interaction pairs CASP3/FAS promoting apoptosis and by the protective acting BDNF/MECP2 protein pair. Core components of the GO processes positive and negative regulation of apoptosis are the proteins CASP3/FAS/AKT/eNOS/RPS6KB1 involved in several signal pathways. The GO processes cell proliferation are characterized by the high-score protein-protein interaction pairs MYC/ MAPK1, JUN/MAPK1, IL6/IL1B, and JUN/HDAC1. The study provides new insights into the pathophysiology of perinatal hypoxia and is of importance for future investigations, diagnostics, and therapy of perinatal hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johann Gross
- Tinnitus Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Leibniz Society of Sciences Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Mario Herrera-Marschitz
- Programme of Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology, ICBM, Medical Faculty, University of Chile, Santiago 7, Chile
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7
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Bhuia MS, Wilairatana P, Chowdhury R, Rakib AI, Kamli H, Shaikh A, Coutinho HDM, Islam MT. Anticancer Potentials of the Lignan Magnolin: A Systematic Review. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093671. [PMID: 37175081 PMCID: PMC10180476 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnolin is a naturally occurring, multi-bioactive lignan molecule with inherent anticancer effects. This study aims to summarize the botanical origins and anticancer properties of magnolin. For this, a recent (as of March 2023) literature review was conducted using various academic search engines, including PubMed, Springer Link, Wiley Online, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. All the currently available information about this phytochemical and its role in various cancer types has been gathered and investigated. Magnolin is a compound found in many different plants. It has been demonstrated to have anticancer activity in numerous experimental models by inhibiting the cell cycle (G1 and G2/M phase); inducing apoptosis; and causing antiinvasion, antimetastasis, and antiproliferative effects via the modulation of several pathways. In conclusion, magnolin showed robust anticancer activity against many cancer cell lines by altering several cancer signaling pathways in various non- and pre-clinical experimental models, making it a promising plant-derived chemotherapeutic option for further clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shimul Bhuia
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Polrat Wilairatana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Raihan Chowdhury
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Asraful Islam Rakib
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Hossam Kamli
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Shaikh
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Henrique D M Coutinho
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Crato 63105-000, CE, Brazil
| | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
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Xie J, Ni J, Shi H, Wang K, Ma X, Li W, Peng B. LncRNA SNHG3 enhances BMI1 mRNA stability by binding and regulating c-MYC: Implications for the carcinogenic role of SNHG3 in bladder cancer. Cancer Med 2023; 12:5718-5735. [PMID: 36208024 PMCID: PMC10028137 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The transformation of nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer (BLCa) to muscle-invasive type and distant metastasis are the two major threats to patients after surgery. Thus, it is important to identify the key genes of BLCa cell invasion and metastasis. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is a potential clinical tool for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Herein, we verified that lncRNA SNHG3 is upregulated in human BLCa specimens and is proportional to poor clinical prognosis via a combination of bioinformatic analyses and wet bench experiments. Then, we constructed SNHG3 knockdown and overexpression cell models via lentiviral packaging and CRISPR-Cas9 technique. Fluorescence in situ hybridization assay showed that SNHG3 is distributed in both the nucleus and cytoplasm of BLCa cell lines. In vitro assays including CCK-8, EdU, colony formation, wound healing, transwell, and tube formation demonstrated that SNHG3 knockdown and overexpression potently inhibited and enhanced BLCa cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis. In addition, IVIS imaging revealed that SNHG3 knockdown could significantly inhibit M-NSG mice xenograft tumor growth. Next, RNA sequencing, bioinformatics analyses and western blots indicated that SNHG3 could promote c-MYC expression. RNA immunoprecipitation, actinomycin D assay and western blot assays suggested that SNHG3 could also bind c-MYC protein which subsequently facilitate the stabilization of BMI1 mRNA, thus enhancing BMI1 protein level. However, SNHG3 knockdown had a slightly weaker inhibitory effect on BMI1 expression than c-MYC knockdown. Further, in vitro assays demonstrated that BMI1 knockdown could suppress the SNHG3 activation-induced tumor promoting effect in BLCa cells. Overall, this study has provided new insights into the potential implication of lncRNA SNHG3 in the pathogenesis of BLCa. Importantly, SNHG3/c-MYC/BMI1 axis may be a novel target for regulating tumor growth and metastasis in BLCa patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo Xie
- Department of Urology, Putuo People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jinliang Ni
- Shanghai Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huajuan Shi
- Department of Urology, Putuo People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Keyi Wang
- Department of Urology, Putuo People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoying Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Department of Urology, Putuo People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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9
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Valiulienė G, Zentelytė A, Beržanskytė E, Navakauskienė R. Effect of 3D Spheroid Culturing on NF-κB Signaling Pathway and Neurogenic Potential in Human Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043584. [PMID: 36834995 PMCID: PMC9963588 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs) are known for their advantageous properties when compared to somatic stem cells from other sources. Recently hAFSCs have gained attention for their neurogenic potential and secretory profile. However, hAFSCs in three-dimensional (3D) cultures remain poorly investigated. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate cellular properties, neural differentiation, and gene and protein expression in 3D spheroid cultures of hAFSCs in comparison to traditional two-dimensional (2D) monolayer cultures. For this purpose, hAFSCs were obtained from amniotic fluid of healthy pregnancies and cultivated in vitro, either in 2D, or 3D under untreated or neuro-differentiated conditions. We observed upregulated expression of pluripotency genes OCT4, NANOG, and MSI1 as well as augmentation in gene expression of NF-κB-TNFα pathway genes (NFKB2, RELA and TNFR2), associated miRNAs (miR103a-5p, miR199a-3p and miR223-3p), and NF-κB p65 protein levels in untreated hAFSC 3D cultures. Additionally, MS analysis of the 3D hAFSCs secretome revealed protein upregulation of IGFs signaling the cascade and downregulation of extracellular matrix proteins, whereas neural differentiation of hAFSC spheroids increased the expression of SOX2, miR223-3p, and MSI1. Summarizing, our study provides novel insights into how 3D culture affects neurogenic potential and signaling pathways of hAFSCs, especially NF-κB, although further studies are needed to elucidate the benefits of 3D cultures more thoroughly.
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10
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Rotherham M, Moradi Y, Nahar T, Mosses D, Telling N, El Haj AJ. Magnetic activation of TREK1 triggers stress signalling and regulates neuronal branching in SH-SY5Y cells. FRONTIERS IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 4:981421. [PMID: 36545473 PMCID: PMC9761330 DOI: 10.3389/fmedt.2022.981421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
TWIK-related K+ 1 (TREK1) is a potassium channel expressed in the nervous system with multiple functions including neurotransmission and is a prime pharmacological target for neurological disorders. TREK1 gating is controlled by a wide range of external stimuli including mechanical forces. Previous work has demonstrated that TREK1 can be mechano-activated using magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) functionalised with antibodies targeted to TREK1 channels. Once the MNP are bound, external dynamic magnetic fields are used to generate forces on the TREK channel. This approach has been shown to drive cell differentiation in cells from multiple tissues. In this work we investigated the effect of MNP-mediated TREK1 mechano-activation on early stress response pathways along with the differentiation and connectivity of neuronal cells using the model neuronal cell line SH-SY5Y. Results showed that TREK1 is well expressed in SH-SY5Y and that TREK1-MNP initiate c-Myc/NF-κB stress response pathways as well as Nitrite production after magnetic stimulation, indicative of the cellular response to mechanical cues. Results also showed that TREK1 mechano-activation had no overall effect on neuronal morphology or expression of the neuronal marker βIII-Tubulin in Retinoic Acid (RA)/Brain-derived Neurotrophic factor (BDNF) differentiated SH-SY5Y but did increase neurite number. These results suggest that TREK1 is involved in cellular stress response signalling in neuronal cells, which leads to increased neurite production, but is not involved in regulating RA/BDNF mediated neuronal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Rotherham
- Healthcare Technologies Institute, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Heritage Building, Mindelsohn Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom,School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Guy Hilton Research Centre, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom,Correspondence: Michael Rotherham
| | - Yasamin Moradi
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Guy Hilton Research Centre, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
| | - Tasmin Nahar
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Guy Hilton Research Centre, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
| | - Dominic Mosses
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Guy Hilton Research Centre, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom,Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapies, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Neil Telling
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Guy Hilton Research Centre, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
| | - Alicia J. El Haj
- Healthcare Technologies Institute, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Heritage Building, Mindelsohn Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom,School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Guy Hilton Research Centre, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
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11
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Haltom AR, Hassen WE, Hensel J, Kim J, Sugimoto H, Li B, McAndrews KM, Conner MR, Kirtley ML, Luo X, Xie B, Volpert OV, Olalekan S, Maltsev N, Basu A, LeBleu VS, Kalluri R. Engineered exosomes targeting MYC reverse the proneural-mesenchymal transition and extend survival of glioblastoma. EXTRACELLULAR VESICLE 2022; 1:100014. [PMID: 37503329 PMCID: PMC10373511 DOI: 10.1016/j.vesic.2022.100014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulated Myc signaling is a key oncogenic pathway in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Yet, effective therapeutic targeting of Myc continues to be challenging. Here, we demonstrate that exosomes generated from human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) engineered to encapsulate siRNAs targeting Myc (iExo-Myc) localize to orthotopic GBM tumors in mice. Treatment of late stage GBM tumors with iExo-Myc inhibits proliferation and angiogenesis, suppresses tumor growth, and extends survival. Transcriptional profiling of tumors reveals that the mesenchymal transition and estrogen receptor signaling pathways are impacted by Myc inhibition. Single nuclei RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) shows that iExo-Myc treatment induces transcriptional repression of multiple growth factor and interleukin signaling pathways, triggering a mesenchymal to proneural transition and shifting the cellular landscape of the tumor. These data confirm that Myc is an effective anti-glioma target and that iExo-Myc offers a feasible, readily translational strategy to inhibit challenging oncogene targets for the treatment of brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda R. Haltom
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Wafa E. Hassen
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Janine Hensel
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Jiha Kim
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Hikaru Sugimoto
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Bingrui Li
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Kathleen M. McAndrews
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Meagan R. Conner
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Michelle L. Kirtley
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Xin Luo
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX
| | - Bingqing Xie
- Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Olga V. Volpert
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Susan Olalekan
- Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Natalia Maltsev
- Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Anindita Basu
- Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Valerie S. LeBleu
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- Feinberg School of Medicine & Kellogg School of Management, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Raghu Kalluri
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- James P. Allison Institute at MD Anderson, Houston, TX
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX
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12
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Leavy A, Brennan GP, Jimenez-Mateos EM. MicroRNA Profiling Shows a Time-Dependent Regulation within the First 2 Months Post-Birth and after Mild Neonatal Hypoxia in the Hippocampus from Mice. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10112740. [PMID: 36359259 PMCID: PMC9687916 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain development occurs until adulthood, with time-sensitive processes happening during embryo development, childhood, and puberty. During early life and childhood, dynamic changes in the brain are critical for physiological brain maturation, and these changes are tightly regulated by the expression of specific regulatory genetic elements. Early life insults, such as hypoxia, can alter the course of brain maturation, resulting in lifelong neurodevelopmental conditions. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs, which regulate and coordinate gene expression. It is estimated that one single microRNA can regulate the expression of hundreds of protein-coding genes.. Uncovering the miRNome and microRNA-regulated transcriptomes may help to understand the patterns of genes regulating brain maturation, and their contribution to neurodevelopmental pathologies following hypoxia at Postnatal day 7. Here, using a PCR-based platform, we analyzed the microRNA profile postnatally in the hippocampus of control mice at postnatal day 8, 14, and 42 and after hypoxia at postnatal day 7, to elucidate the set of microRNAs which may be key for postnatal hippocampus maturation. We observed that microRNAs can be divided in four groups based on their temporal expression. Further after an early life insult, hypoxia at P7, 15 microRNAs showed a misregulation over time, including Let7a. We speculated that the transcriptional regulator c-myc is a contributor to this process. In conclusion, here, we observed that microRNAs are regulated postnatally in the hippocampus and alteration of their expression after hypoxia at birth may be regulated by the transcriptional regulator c-myc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisling Leavy
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gary P. Brennan
- Conway Institute, School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 C7X2 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eva M. Jimenez-Mateos
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland
- Correspondence:
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13
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Helweg LP, Storm J, Witte KE, Schulten W, Wrachtrup L, Janotte T, Kitke A, Greiner JFW, Knabbe C, Kaltschmidt B, Simon M, Kaltschmidt C. Targeting Key Signaling Pathways in Glioblastoma Stem Cells for the Development of Efficient Chemo- and Immunotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12919. [PMID: 36361720 PMCID: PMC9659205 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive and most common malignant brain tumor with poor patient survival despite therapeutic intervention. On the cellular level, GBM comprises a rare population of glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs), driving therapeutic resistance, invasion, and recurrence. GSCs have thus come into the focus of therapeutic strategies, although their targeting remains challenging. In the present study, we took advantage of three GSCs-populations recently established in our lab to investigate key signaling pathways and subsequent therapeutic strategies targeting GSCs. We observed that NF-κB, a crucial transcription factor in GBM progression, was expressed in all CD44+/CD133+/Nestin+-GSC-populations. Exposure to TNFα led to activation of NF-κB-RELA and/or NF-κB-c-REL, depending on the GBM type. GSCs further expressed the proto-oncogene MYC family, with MYChigh GSCs being predominantly located in the tumor spheres ("GROW"-state) while NF-κB-RELAhigh GSCs were migrating out of the sphere ("GO"-state). We efficiently targeted GSCs by the pharmacologic inhibition of NF-κB using PTDC/Bortezomib or inhibition of MYC by KJ-Pyr-9, which significantly reduced GSC-viability, even in comparison to the standard chemotherapeutic drug temozolomide. As an additional cell-therapeutic strategy, we showed that NK cells could kill GSCs. Our findings offer new perspectives for developing efficient patient-specific chemo- and immunotherapy against GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laureen P. Helweg
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
- Forschungsverbund BioMedizin Bielefeld, OWL (FBMB e.V.), Maraweg 21, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Jonathan Storm
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
- Forschungsverbund BioMedizin Bielefeld, OWL (FBMB e.V.), Maraweg 21, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Kaya E. Witte
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
- Forschungsverbund BioMedizin Bielefeld, OWL (FBMB e.V.), Maraweg 21, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Wiebke Schulten
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Lennart Wrachtrup
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Till Janotte
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Angelika Kitke
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Johannes F. W. Greiner
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
- Forschungsverbund BioMedizin Bielefeld, OWL (FBMB e.V.), Maraweg 21, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Cornelius Knabbe
- Forschungsverbund BioMedizin Bielefeld, OWL (FBMB e.V.), Maraweg 21, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany
- Heart and Diabetes Centre NRW, Institute for Laboratory and Transfusion Medicine, Ruhr-University Bochum, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Barbara Kaltschmidt
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
- Forschungsverbund BioMedizin Bielefeld, OWL (FBMB e.V.), Maraweg 21, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany
- Molecular Neurobiology, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Matthias Simon
- Forschungsverbund BioMedizin Bielefeld, OWL (FBMB e.V.), Maraweg 21, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery and Epilepsy Surgery, Protestant Hospital of Bethel Foundation, University Medical School OWL at Bielefeld, Bielefeld University, Campus Bielefeld-Bethel, Burgsteig 13, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Christian Kaltschmidt
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
- Forschungsverbund BioMedizin Bielefeld, OWL (FBMB e.V.), Maraweg 21, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany
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14
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Wu Z, Han T, Su H, Xuan J, Wang X. Comprehensive analysis of fatty acid and lactate metabolism–related genes for prognosis value, immune infiltration, and therapy in osteosarcoma patients. Front Oncol 2022; 12:934080. [PMID: 36119478 PMCID: PMC9478861 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.934080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most frequent bone tumor. Notwithstanding that significant medical progress has been achieved in recent years, the 5-year overall survival of osteosarcoma patients is inferior. Regulation of fatty acids and lactate plays an essential role in cancer metabolism. Therefore, our study aimed to comprehensively assess the fatty acid and lactate metabolism pattern and construct a fatty acid and lactate metabolism–related risk score system to predict prognosis in osteosarcoma patients. Clinical data and RNA expression data were downloaded from the Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. We used the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and Cox regression analyses to construct a prognostic risk score model. Relationships between the risk score model and age, gender, tumor microenvironment characteristics, and drug sensitivity were also explored by correlation analysis. We determined the expression levels of prognostic genes in osteosarcoma cells via Western blotting. We developed an unknown fatty acid and lactate metabolism–related risk score system based on three fatty acid and lactate metabolism–related genes (SLC7A7, MYC, and ACSS2). Survival analysis showed that osteosarcoma patients in the low-risk group were likely to have a better survival time than those in the high-risk group. The area under the curve (AUC) value shows that our risk score model performs well in predicting prognosis. Elevated fatty acids and lactate risk scores weaken immune function and the environment of the body, which causes osteosarcoma patients’ poor survival outcomes. In general, the constructed fatty acid and lactate metabolism–related risk score model can offer essential insights into subsequent mechanisms in available research. In addition, our study may provide rational treatment strategies for clinicians based on immune correlation analysis and drug sensitivity in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouwei Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Tao Han
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Haohan Su
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiangwei Xuan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhuji Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhuji, China
- *Correspondence: Xinwei Wang, ; Jiangwei Xuan,
| | - Xinwei Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhuji Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhuji, China
- *Correspondence: Xinwei Wang, ; Jiangwei Xuan,
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15
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Yang C, Dong X, Ma Z, Li B, Bi C, Zhang X. Pioneer Factor Improves CRISPR-Based C-To-G and C-To-T Base Editing. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2202957. [PMID: 35861371 PMCID: PMC9475549 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202202957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Base editing events in eukaryote require a compatible chromatin environment, but there is little research on how chromatin factors contribute to the editing efficiency or window. By engineering BEs (base editors) fused with various pioneer factors, the authors found that SOX2 substantially increased the editing efficiency for GBE and CBE. While SoxN-GBE (SOX2-NH3-GBE) improved the editing efficiency at overall cytosines of the protospacer, SoxM-GBE/CBE (SOX2-Middle-GBE/CBE) enabled the higher base editing at PAM-proximal cytosines. By separating functional domains of SOX2, the SadN-GBE (SOX2 activation domain-NH3-GBE) is constructed for higher editing efficiency and SadM-CBE for broader editing window to date. With the DNase I assay, it is also proved the increased editing efficiency is most likely associated with the induction of chromatin accessibility by SAD. Finally, SadM-CBE is employed to introduce a stop codon in the proto-oncogene MYC, at a locus rarely edited by previous editors with high efficiency. In this work, a new class of pioneer-BEs is constructed by fusion of pioneer factor or its functional domains, which exhibits higher editing efficiency or broader editing window in eukaryote.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesTianjin300308China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesTianjinChina
| | - Xingxiao Dong
- School of Biological EngineeringDalian Polytechnic UniversityDalian116034China
| | - Zhenzhen Ma
- College of Life SciencesNankai UniversityTianjin300071China
| | - Bo Li
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesTianjin300308China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesTianjinChina
| | - Changhao Bi
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesTianjin300308China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesTianjinChina
| | - Xueli Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesTianjin300308China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesTianjinChina
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16
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Yang H, Zhu J, Guo H, Tang A, Chen S, Zhang D, Yuan L, Liu G. Molecular cloning, characterization, and functional analysis of the uncharacterized C11orf96 gene. BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:170. [PMID: 35538492 PMCID: PMC9086667 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03224-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The mammalian genome encodes millions of proteins. Although many proteins have been discovered and identified, a large part of proteins encoded by genes are yet to be discovered or fully characterized. In the present study, we successfully identified a host protein C11orf96 that was significantly upregulated after viral infection. Results First, we successfully cloned the coding sequence (CDS) region of the cat, human, and mouse C11orf96 gene. The CDS region of the C11orf96 gene is 372 bp long, encodes 124 amino acids, and is relatively conserved in different mammals. From bioinformatics analysis, we found that C11orf96 is rich in Ser and has multiple predicted phosphorylation sites. Moreover, protein interaction prediction analysis revealed that the protein is associated with several transmembrane family proteins and zinc finger proteins. Subsequently, we found that C11orf96 is strictly distributed in the cytoplasm. According to the tissue distribution characteristics, C11orf96 is distributed in all tissues and organs, with the highest expression levels in the kidney. These results indicate that C11orf96 may play a specific biological role in the kidney. Conclusions Summarizing, these data lay the foundation for studying the biological functions of C11orf96 and for exploring its role in viral replication. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12917-022-03224-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzao Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China.,Innovation Team of Small Animal Infectious Disease, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Innovation Team of Small Animal Infectious Disease, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyuan Guo
- Innovation Team of Small Animal Infectious Disease, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Aoxing Tang
- Innovation Team of Small Animal Infectious Disease, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoyu Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Da Zhang
- Innovation Team of Small Animal Infectious Disease, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Ligang Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guangqing Liu
- Innovation Team of Small Animal Infectious Disease, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Yang X, Tao L, Xu Y, Li S, Yang W, Wang L, Zhu J. CircMYC promotes proliferation, migration, invasion and inhibits apoptosis of small cell lung cancer by targeting miR-145/ Matrix Metallopeptidase 2 axis. Bioengineered 2022; 13:10552-10563. [PMID: 35441564 PMCID: PMC9161861 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2062978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in the carcinogenesis of lung cancer. Human MYC gene is highly expressed in melanoma, multiple myeloma, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. We aimed to investigate the role of circMYC in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The expression of cirMYC in SCLC tissues and cells were examined. Functional studies were performed to evaluate the roles of circMYC in SCLC cells. Luciferase reporter gene assay, RNA pull-down assay, and rescue experiments were performed to evaluate the regulatory relationship between circMYC and miR-145, and MiR-145 and MMP2 mRNA. We found that CirMYC was highly expressed in SCLC tissues and cells. Knockdown of circMYC could inhibit cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and induce apoptosis. CircMYC targeted miR-145 and miR-145 targeted MMP2 (Matrix Metallopeptidase 2) mRNA. Our data indicated that circMYC upregulates the expression of MMP-2 by inhibiting miR-145, which functions to promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion and inhibit the apoptosis of SCLC. These findings suggest that targeting circMYC/miR-145/MMP-2 could serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for SCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lianqin Tao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yani Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Sujian Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Weiwei Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Junfei Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Zhejiang Province, China
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18
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Han X, Wei Y, Ba R, Sun L, Zhao C. PDK1 Regulates the Lengthening of G1 Phase to Balance RGC Proliferation and Differentiation during Cortical Neurogenesis. Cereb Cortex 2021; 32:3488-3500. [PMID: 34918060 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
During cortical development, the balance between progenitor self-renewal and neurogenesis is critical for determining the size/morphology of the cortex. A fundamental feature of the developing cortex is an increase in the length of G1 phase in RGCs over the course of neurogenesis, which is a key determinant of progenitor fate choice. How the G1 length is temporally regulated remains unclear. Here, Pdk1, a member of the AGC kinase family, was conditionally disrupted by crossing an Emx1-Cre mouse line with a Pdk1fl/fl line. The loss of Pdk1 led to a shorter cell cycle accompanied by increased RGC proliferation specifically at late rather than early/middle neurogenic stages, which was attributed to impaired lengthening of G1 phase. Coincidently, apical-to-basal interkinetic nuclear migration was accelerated in Pdk1 cKO cortices. Consequently, we detected an increased neuronal output at P0. We further showed the significant upregulation of the cell cycle regulator cyclin D1 and its activator Myc in the cKO cortices relative to those of control animals. Overall, we have identified a novel role for PDK1 in cortical neurogenesis. PDK1 functions as an upstream regulator of the Myc-cyclin D1 pathway to control the lengthening of G1 phase and the balance between RGC proliferation and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoning Han
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Yongjie Wei
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ru Ba
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lijuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chunjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Factors Regulating the Activity of LINE1 Retrotransposons. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12101562. [PMID: 34680956 PMCID: PMC8535693 DOI: 10.3390/genes12101562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
LINE-1 (L1) is a class of autonomous mobile genetic elements that form somatic mosaicisms in various tissues of the organism. The activity of L1 retrotransposons is strictly controlled by many factors in somatic and germ cells at all stages of ontogenesis. Alteration of L1 activity was noted in a number of diseases: in neuropsychiatric and autoimmune diseases, as well as in various forms of cancer. Altered activity of L1 retrotransposons for some pathologies is associated with epigenetic changes and defects in the genes involved in their repression. This review discusses the molecular genetic mechanisms of the retrotransposition and regulation of the activity of L1 elements. The contribution of various factors controlling the expression and distribution of L1 elements in the genome occurs at all stages of the retrotransposition. The regulation of L1 elements at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional and integration into the genome stages is described in detail. Finally, this review also focuses on the evolutionary aspects of L1 accumulation and their interplay with the host regulation system.
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