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Saleh HA, Mitwasi N, R Loureiro L, Kegler A, Soto KEG, Hoffmann L, Crespo E, Arndt C, Bergmann R, Bachmann M, Feldmann A. RevCAR-expressing immune effector cells for targeting of Fn14-positive glioblastoma. Cancer Gene Ther 2024; 31:1323-1334. [PMID: 38582787 PMCID: PMC11405279 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-024-00766-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
In recent studies, we have established the unique adapter chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) platform RevCAR which uses, as an extracellular CAR domain, a peptide epitope instead of an antibody domain. RevCAR adapters (termed RevCAR target modules, RevTMs) are bispecific antibodies that enable the reversible ON/OFF switch of the RevCAR system, improving the safety compared to conventional CARs. Here, we describe for the first time its use for retargeting of both T and NK-92 cells. In addition, we describe the development and preclinical validation of a novel RevTM for targeting of the fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14) surface receptor which is overexpressed on Glioblastoma (GBM) cells, and therefore serves as a promising target for the treatment of GBM. The novel RevTM efficiently redirects RevCAR modified T and NK-92 cells and leads to the killing of GBM cells both in vitro and in vivo. Tumor cell killing is associated with increased IL-2, TNF-α and/or IFN-γ secretion. Hence, these findings give an insight into the complementary potential of both RevCAR T and NK-92 systems as a safe and specific immunotherapeutic approach against GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidy A Saleh
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Radioimmunology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, D-01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nicola Mitwasi
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Radioimmunology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, D-01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Liliana R Loureiro
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Radioimmunology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, D-01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexandra Kegler
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Radioimmunology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, D-01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Karla Elizabeth González Soto
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Radioimmunology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, D-01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Lydia Hoffmann
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Radioimmunology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, D-01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Eugenia Crespo
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Radioimmunology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, D-01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Claudia Arndt
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Radioimmunology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, D-01328, Dresden, Germany
- Mildred Scheel Early Career Center, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ralf Bergmann
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Michael Bachmann
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Radioimmunology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, D-01328, Dresden, Germany.
- National Center for Tumor Diseases Dresden (NCT/UCC), Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany.
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Anja Feldmann
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Radioimmunology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, D-01328, Dresden, Germany.
- National Center for Tumor Diseases Dresden (NCT/UCC), Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany.
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
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Loureiro LR, Hoffmann L, Neuber C, Rupp L, Arndt C, Kegler A, Kubeil M, Hagemeyer CE, Stephan H, Schmitz M, Feldmann A, Bachmann M. Immunotheranostic target modules for imaging and navigation of UniCAR T-cells to strike FAP-expressing cells and the tumor microenvironment. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:341. [PMID: 38102692 PMCID: PMC10722841 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02912-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells are a promising approach in cancer immunotherapy, particularly for treating hematologic malignancies. Yet, their effectiveness is limited when tackling solid tumors, where immune cell infiltration and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments (TME) are major hurdles. Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is highly expressed on cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and various tumor cells, playing an important role in tumor growth and immunosuppression. Aiming to modulate the TME with increased clinical safety and effectiveness, we developed novel small and size-extended immunotheranostic UniCAR target modules (TMs) targeting FAP. METHODS The specific binding and functionality of the αFAP-scFv TM and the size-extended αFAP-IgG4 TM were assessed using 2D and 3D in vitro models as well as in vivo. Their specific tumor accumulation and diagnostic potential were evaluated using PET studies after functionalization with a chelator and suitable radionuclide. RESULTS The αFAP-scFv and -IgG4 TMs effectively and specifically redirected UniCAR T-cells using 2D, 3D, and in vivo models. Moreover, a remarkably high and specific accumulation of radiolabeled FAP-targeting TMs at the tumor site of xenograft mouse models was observed. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that the novel αFAP TMs are promising immunotheranostic tools to foster cancer imaging and treatment, paving the way for a more convenient, individualized, and safer treatment of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana R Loureiro
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany.
| | - Lydia Hoffmann
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Christin Neuber
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Luise Rupp
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Claudia Arndt
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
- Mildred Scheel Early Career Center, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexandra Kegler
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Manja Kubeil
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Christoph E Hagemeyer
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Holger Stephan
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Marc Schmitz
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anja Feldmann
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany.
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Michael Bachmann
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany.
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
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3
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Peschke JC, Bergmann R, Mehnert M, Gonzalez Soto KE, Loureiro LR, Mitwasi N, Kegler A, Altmann H, Wobus M, Máthé D, Szigeti K, Feldmann A, Bornhäuser M, Bachmann M, Fasslrinner F, Arndt C. FLT3-directed UniCAR T-cell therapy of acute myeloid leukaemia. Br J Haematol 2023; 202:1137-1150. [PMID: 37460273 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Adaptor chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy offers solutions for improved safety and antigen escape, which represent main obstacles for the clinical translation of CAR T-cell therapy in myeloid malignancies. The adaptor CAR T-cell platform 'UniCAR' is currently under early clinical investigation. Recently, the first proof of concept of a well-tolerated, rapidly switchable, CD123-directed UniCAR T-cell product treating patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) was reported. Relapsed and refractory AML is prone to high plasticity under therapy pressure targeting one single tumour antigen. Thus, targeting of multiple tumour antigens seems to be required to achieve durable anti-tumour responses, underlining the need to further design alternative AML-specific target modules (TM) for the UniCAR platform. We here present the preclinical development of a novel FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3)-directed UniCAR T-cell therapy, which is highly effective for in vitro killing of both AML cell lines and primary AML samples. Furthermore, we show in vivo functionality in a murine xenograft model. PET analyses further demonstrate a short serum half-life of FLT3 TMs, which will enable a rapid on/off switch of UniCAR T cells. Overall, the presented preclinical data encourage the further development and clinical translation of FLT3-specific UniCAR T cells for the therapy of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Peschke
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany
- Mildred Scheel Early Career Center, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases Dresden (NCT/UCC): German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Partner Site, Dresden, Germany
| | - R Bergmann
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - M Mehnert
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany
- Mildred Scheel Early Career Center, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - K E Gonzalez Soto
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany
| | - L R Loureiro
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany
| | - N Mitwasi
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany
| | - A Kegler
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany
| | - H Altmann
- National Center for Tumor Diseases Dresden (NCT/UCC): German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Partner Site, Dresden, Germany
- Medical Clinic and Polyclinic I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Wobus
- Medical Clinic and Polyclinic I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - D Máthé
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine, In Vivo Imaging Advanced Core Facility, Szeged, Hungary
| | - K Szigeti
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - A Feldmann
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases Dresden (NCT/UCC): German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Partner Site, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Bornhäuser
- National Center for Tumor Diseases Dresden (NCT/UCC): German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Partner Site, Dresden, Germany
- Medical Clinic and Polyclinic I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Science, King's College, London, UK
| | - M Bachmann
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases Dresden (NCT/UCC): German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Partner Site, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F Fasslrinner
- Mildred Scheel Early Career Center, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Medical Clinic and Polyclinic I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - C Arndt
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany
- Mildred Scheel Early Career Center, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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4
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Kegler A, Drewitz L, Arndt C, Daglar C, Rodrigues Loureiro L, Mitwasi N, Neuber C, González Soto KE, Bartsch T, Baraban L, Ziehr H, Heine M, Nieter A, Moreira-Soto A, Kühne A, Drexler JF, Seliger B, Laube M, Máthé D, Pályi B, Hajdrik P, Forgách L, Kis Z, Szigeti K, Bergmann R, Feldmann A, Bachmann M. A novel ACE2 decoy for both neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 variants and killing of infected cells. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1204543. [PMID: 37383226 PMCID: PMC10293748 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1204543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) led to millions of infections and deaths worldwide. As this virus evolves rapidly, there is a high need for treatment options that can win the race against new emerging variants of concern. Here, we describe a novel immunotherapeutic drug based on the SARS-CoV-2 entry receptor ACE2 and provide experimental evidence that it cannot only be used for (i) neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro and in SARS-CoV-2-infected animal models but also for (ii) clearance of virus-infected cells. For the latter purpose, we equipped the ACE2 decoy with an epitope tag. Thereby, we converted it to an adapter molecule, which we successfully applied in the modular platforms UniMAB and UniCAR for retargeting of either unmodified or universal chimeric antigen receptor-modified immune effector cells. Our results pave the way for a clinical application of this novel ACE2 decoy, which will clearly improve COVID-19 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Kegler
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Laura Drewitz
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Claudia Arndt
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
- Mildred Scheel Early Career Center, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Cansu Daglar
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Liliana Rodrigues Loureiro
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Nicola Mitwasi
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Christin Neuber
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Karla Elizabeth González Soto
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Tabea Bartsch
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Larysa Baraban
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Holger Ziehr
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Markus Heine
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Annabel Nieter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Andres Moreira-Soto
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Arne Kühne
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Felix Drexler
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Barbara Seliger
- Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
- Institute of Translational Immunology, Medical High School, Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany
| | - Markus Laube
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Domokos Máthé
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine, In Vivo Imaging Advanced Core Facility, Szeged, Hungary
- CROmed Translational Research Ltd., Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bernadett Pályi
- National Biosafety Laboratory, Division of Microbiological Reference Laboratories, National Public Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Polett Hajdrik
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Forgách
- Semmelweis University School of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Kis
- National Biosafety Laboratory, Division of Microbiological Reference Laboratories, National Public Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztián Szigeti
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ralf Bergmann
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anja Feldmann
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases Dresden (NCT), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Bachmann
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases Dresden (NCT), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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5
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Köseer AS, Di Gaetano S, Arndt C, Bachmann M, Dubrovska A. Immunotargeting of Cancer Stem Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:1608. [PMID: 36900399 PMCID: PMC10001158 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The generally accepted view is that CSCs hijack the signaling pathways attributed to normal stem cells that regulate the self-renewal and differentiation processes. Therefore, the development of selective targeting strategies for CSC, although clinically meaningful, is associated with significant challenges because CSC and normal stem cells share many important signaling mechanisms for their maintenance and survival. Furthermore, the efficacy of this therapy is opposed by tumor heterogeneity and CSC plasticity. While there have been considerable efforts to target CSC populations by the chemical inhibition of the developmental pathways such as Notch, Hedgehog (Hh), and Wnt/β-catenin, noticeably fewer attempts were focused on the stimulation of the immune response by CSC-specific antigens, including cell-surface targets. Cancer immunotherapies are based on triggering the anti-tumor immune response by specific activation and targeted redirecting of immune cells toward tumor cells. This review is focused on CSC-directed immunotherapeutic approaches such as bispecific antibodies and antibody-drug candidates, CSC-targeted cellular immunotherapies, and immune-based vaccines. We discuss the strategies to improve the safety and efficacy of the different immunotherapeutic approaches and describe the current state of their clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Sedef Köseer
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01307 Dresden, Germany
- OncoRay–National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01309 Dresden, Germany
| | - Simona Di Gaetano
- OncoRay–National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01309 Dresden, Germany
| | - Claudia Arndt
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- Mildred Scheel Early Career Center, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Bachmann
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Dubrovska
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01307 Dresden, Germany
- OncoRay–National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01309 Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, 01328 Dresden, Germany
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Development and Functional Characterization of a Versatile Radio-/Immunotheranostic Tool for Prostate Cancer Management. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14081996. [PMID: 35454902 PMCID: PMC9027777 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14081996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In previous studies, we described a modular Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T cell platform which we termed UniCAR. In contrast to conventional CARs, the interaction of UniCAR T cells does not occur directly between the CAR T cell and the tumor cell but is mediated via bispecific adaptor molecules so-called target modules (TMs). Here we present the development and functional characterization of a novel IgG4-based TM, directed to the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA), which is overexpressed in prostate cancer (PCa). We show that this anti-PSCA IgG4-TM cannot only be used for (i) redirection of UniCAR T cells to PCa cells but also for (ii) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, and (iii) alpha particle-based endoradiotherapy. For radiolabeling, the anti-PSCA IgG4-TM was conjugated with the chelator DOTAGA. PET imaging was performed using the 64Cu-labeled anti-PSCA IgG4-TM. According to PET imaging, the anti-PSCA IgG4-TM accumulates with high contrast in the PSCA-positive tumors of experimental mice without visible uptake in other organs. For endoradiotherapy the anti-PSCA IgG4-TM-DOTAGA conjugate was labeled with 225Ac3+. Targeted alpha therapy resulted in tumor control over 60 days after a single injection of the 225Ac-labeled TM. The favorable pharmacological profile of the anti-PSCA IgG4-TM, and its usage for (i) imaging, (ii) targeted alpha therapy, and (iii) UniCAR T cell immunotherapy underlines the promising radio-/immunotheranostic capabilities for the diagnostic imaging and treatment of PCa. Abstract Due to its overexpression on the surface of prostate cancer (PCa) cells, the prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) is a potential target for PCa diagnosis and therapy. Here we describe the development and functional characterization of a novel IgG4-based anti-PSCA antibody (Ab) derivative (anti-PSCA IgG4-TM) that is conjugated with the chelator DOTAGA. The anti-PSCA IgG4-TM represents a multimodal immunotheranostic compound that can be used (i) as a target module (TM) for UniCAR T cell-based immunotherapy, (ii) for diagnostic positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, and (iii) targeted alpha therapy. Cross-linkage of UniCAR T cells and PSCA-positive tumor cells via the anti-PSCA IgG4-TM results in efficient tumor cell lysis both in vitro and in vivo. After radiolabeling with 64Cu2+, the anti-PSCA IgG4-TM was successfully applied for high contrast PET imaging. In a PCa mouse model, it showed specific accumulation in PSCA-expressing tumors, while no uptake in other organs was observed. Additionally, the DOTAGA-conjugated anti-PSCA IgG4-TM was radiolabeled with 225Ac3+ and applied for targeted alpha therapy. A single injection of the 225Ac-labeled anti-PSCA IgG4-TM was able to significantly control tumor growth in experimental mice. Overall, the novel anti-PSCA IgG4-TM represents an attractive first member of a novel group of radio-/immunotheranostics that allows diagnostic imaging, endoradiotherapy, and CAR T cell immunotherapy.
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Bartsch T, Arndt C, Loureiro LR, Kegler A, Puentes-Cala E, Soto JA, Kurien BT, Feldmann A, Berndt N, Bachmann MP. A Small Step, a Giant Leap: Somatic Hypermutation of a Single Amino Acid Leads to Anti-La Autoreactivity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222112046. [PMID: 34769474 PMCID: PMC8584381 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222112046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-La mab 312B, which was established by hybridoma technology from human-La transgenic mice after adoptive transfer of anti-human La T cells, immunoprecipitates both native eukaryotic human and murine La protein. Therefore, it represents a true anti-La autoantibody. During maturation, the anti-La mab 312B acquired somatic hypermutations (SHMs) which resulted in the replacement of four aa in the complementarity determining regions (CDR) and seven aa in the framework regions. The recombinant derivative of the anti-La mab 312B in which all the SHMs were corrected to the germline sequence failed to recognize the La antigen. We therefore wanted to learn which SHM(s) is (are) responsible for anti-La autoreactivity. Humanization of the 312B ab by grafting its CDR regions to a human Ig backbone confirms that the CDR sequences are mainly responsible for anti-La autoreactivity. Finally, we identified that a single amino acid replacement (D > Y) in the germline sequence of the CDR3 region of the heavy chain of the anti-La mab 312B is sufficient for anti-La autoreactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabea Bartsch
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (T.B.); (C.A.); (L.R.L.); (A.K.); (E.P.-C.); (J.A.S.); (A.F.); (N.B.)
| | - Claudia Arndt
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (T.B.); (C.A.); (L.R.L.); (A.K.); (E.P.-C.); (J.A.S.); (A.F.); (N.B.)
| | - Liliana R. Loureiro
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (T.B.); (C.A.); (L.R.L.); (A.K.); (E.P.-C.); (J.A.S.); (A.F.); (N.B.)
| | - Alexandra Kegler
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (T.B.); (C.A.); (L.R.L.); (A.K.); (E.P.-C.); (J.A.S.); (A.F.); (N.B.)
| | - Edinson Puentes-Cala
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (T.B.); (C.A.); (L.R.L.); (A.K.); (E.P.-C.); (J.A.S.); (A.F.); (N.B.)
- Corporación para la Investigación de la Corrosión (CIC), Piedecuesta 681011, Colombia
| | - Javier Andrés Soto
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (T.B.); (C.A.); (L.R.L.); (A.K.); (E.P.-C.); (J.A.S.); (A.F.); (N.B.)
- BIOGEN Research Group, University of Santander, Faculty of Health Sciences, Cúcuta 540001, Colombia
| | - Biji T. Kurien
- The Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA;
| | - Anja Feldmann
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (T.B.); (C.A.); (L.R.L.); (A.K.); (E.P.-C.); (J.A.S.); (A.F.); (N.B.)
| | - Nicole Berndt
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (T.B.); (C.A.); (L.R.L.); (A.K.); (E.P.-C.); (J.A.S.); (A.F.); (N.B.)
| | - Michael P. Bachmann
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (T.B.); (C.A.); (L.R.L.); (A.K.); (E.P.-C.); (J.A.S.); (A.F.); (N.B.)
- BIOGEN Research Group, University of Santander, Faculty of Health Sciences, Cúcuta 540001, Colombia
- The Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA;
- Tumor Immunology, University Cancer Center (UCC), University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), 03128 Dresden, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-351-260-3223
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Berndt N, Bippes CC, Michalk I, Bartsch T, Arndt C, Puentes-Cala E, Soto JA, Loureiro LR, Kegler A, Bachmann D, Gross JK, Gross T, Kurien BT, Scofield RH, Farris AD, James JA, Bergmann R, Schmitz M, Feldmann A, Bachmann MP. And Yet It Moves: Oxidation of the Nuclear Autoantigen La/SS-B Is the Driving Force for Nucleo-Cytoplasmic Shuttling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9699. [PMID: 34575862 PMCID: PMC8470643 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Decades ago, we and many other groups showed a nucleo-cytoplasmic translocation of La protein in cultured cells. This shuttling of La protein was seen after UV irradiation, virus infections, hydrogen peroxide exposure and the Fenton reaction based on iron or copper ions. All of these conditions are somehow related to oxidative stress. Unfortunately, these harsh conditions could also cause an artificial release of La protein. Even until today, the shuttling and the cytoplasmic function of La/SS-B is controversially discussed. Moreover, the driving mechanism for the shuttling of La protein remains unclear. Recently, we showed that La protein undergoes redox-dependent conformational changes. Moreover, we developed anti-La monoclonal antibodies (anti-La mAbs), which are specific for either the reduced form of La protein or the oxidized form. Using these tools, here we show that redox-dependent conformational changes are the driving force for the shuttling of La protein. Moreover, we show that translocation of La protein to the cytoplasm can be triggered in a ligand/receptor-dependent manner under physiological conditions. We show that ligands of toll-like receptors lead to a redox-dependent shuttling of La protein. The shuttling of La protein depends on the redox status of the respective cell type. Endothelial cells are usually resistant to the shuttling of La protein, while dendritic cells are highly sensitive. However, the deprivation of intracellular reducing agents in endothelial cells makes endothelial cells sensitive to a redox-dependent shuttling of La protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Berndt
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (N.B.); (T.B.); (C.A.); (E.P.-C.); (J.A.S.); (L.R.L.); (A.K.); (R.B.); (A.F.)
| | - Claudia C. Bippes
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (C.C.B.); (I.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Irene Michalk
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (C.C.B.); (I.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Tabea Bartsch
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (N.B.); (T.B.); (C.A.); (E.P.-C.); (J.A.S.); (L.R.L.); (A.K.); (R.B.); (A.F.)
| | - Claudia Arndt
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (N.B.); (T.B.); (C.A.); (E.P.-C.); (J.A.S.); (L.R.L.); (A.K.); (R.B.); (A.F.)
| | - Edinson Puentes-Cala
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (N.B.); (T.B.); (C.A.); (E.P.-C.); (J.A.S.); (L.R.L.); (A.K.); (R.B.); (A.F.)
- Corporación para la Investigación de la Corrosión (CIC), Piedecuesta 681011, Colombia
| | - Javier Andrés Soto
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (N.B.); (T.B.); (C.A.); (E.P.-C.); (J.A.S.); (L.R.L.); (A.K.); (R.B.); (A.F.)
- Instituto de Investigación Masira, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud, Universidad de Santander, Cúcuta 540001, Colombia
| | - Liliana R. Loureiro
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (N.B.); (T.B.); (C.A.); (E.P.-C.); (J.A.S.); (L.R.L.); (A.K.); (R.B.); (A.F.)
| | - Alexandra Kegler
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (N.B.); (T.B.); (C.A.); (E.P.-C.); (J.A.S.); (L.R.L.); (A.K.); (R.B.); (A.F.)
| | - Dominik Bachmann
- Tumor Immunology, University Cancer Center (UCC), University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Joanne K. Gross
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (J.K.G.); (T.G.); (B.T.K.); (R.H.S.); (A.D.F.); (J.A.J.)
| | - Tim Gross
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (J.K.G.); (T.G.); (B.T.K.); (R.H.S.); (A.D.F.); (J.A.J.)
| | - Biji T. Kurien
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (J.K.G.); (T.G.); (B.T.K.); (R.H.S.); (A.D.F.); (J.A.J.)
| | - R. Hal Scofield
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (J.K.G.); (T.G.); (B.T.K.); (R.H.S.); (A.D.F.); (J.A.J.)
| | - A. Darise Farris
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (J.K.G.); (T.G.); (B.T.K.); (R.H.S.); (A.D.F.); (J.A.J.)
| | - Judith A. James
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (J.K.G.); (T.G.); (B.T.K.); (R.H.S.); (A.D.F.); (J.A.J.)
| | - Ralf Bergmann
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (N.B.); (T.B.); (C.A.); (E.P.-C.); (J.A.S.); (L.R.L.); (A.K.); (R.B.); (A.F.)
- Department of Biophysics and Radiobiology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Marc Schmitz
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (C.C.B.); (I.M.); (M.S.)
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), 03128 Dresden, Germany
| | - Anja Feldmann
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (N.B.); (T.B.); (C.A.); (E.P.-C.); (J.A.S.); (L.R.L.); (A.K.); (R.B.); (A.F.)
| | - Michael P. Bachmann
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (N.B.); (T.B.); (C.A.); (E.P.-C.); (J.A.S.); (L.R.L.); (A.K.); (R.B.); (A.F.)
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (C.C.B.); (I.M.); (M.S.)
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), 03128 Dresden, Germany
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9
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Berndt N, Bippes CC, Michalk I, Bachmann D, Bachmann J, Puentes-Cala E, Bartsch T, Loureiro LR, Kegler A, Bergmann R, Gross JK, Gross T, Kurien BT, Scofield RH, Farris AD, James JA, Schmitz M, Fahmy K, Feldmann A, Arndt C, Bachmann MP. Two Be or Not Two Be: The Nuclear Autoantigen La/SS-B Is Able to Form Dimers and Oligomers in a Redox Dependent Manner. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3377. [PMID: 33806091 PMCID: PMC8036718 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the literature, the autoantigen La is involved in Cap-independent translation. It was proposed that one prerequisite for this function is the formation of a protein dimer. However, structural analyses argue against La protein dimers. Noteworthy to mention, these structural analyses were performed under reducing conditions. Here we describe that La protein can undergo redox-dependent structural changes. The oxidized form of La protein can form dimers, oligomers and even polymers stabilized by disulfide bridges. The primary sequence of La protein contains three cysteine residues. Only after mutation of all three cysteine residues to alanine La protein becomes insensitive to oxidation, indicating that all three cysteines are involved in redox-dependent structural changes. Biophysical analyses of the secondary structure of La protein support the redox-dependent conformational changes. Moreover, we identified monoclonal anti-La antibodies (anti-La mAbs) that react with either the reduced or oxidized form of La protein. Differential reactivities to the reduced and oxidized form of La protein were also found in anti-La sera of autoimmune patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Berndt
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (N.B.); (E.P.-C.); (T.B.); (L.R.L.); (A.K.); (R.B.); (A.F.); (C.A.)
| | - Claudia C. Bippes
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technical University Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (C.C.B.); (I.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Irene Michalk
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technical University Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (C.C.B.); (I.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Dominik Bachmann
- University Cancer Center (UCC), Tumor Immunology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technical University Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (D.B.); (J.B.)
| | - Jennifer Bachmann
- University Cancer Center (UCC), Tumor Immunology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technical University Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (D.B.); (J.B.)
| | - Edinson Puentes-Cala
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (N.B.); (E.P.-C.); (T.B.); (L.R.L.); (A.K.); (R.B.); (A.F.); (C.A.)
- Corporación para la Investigación de la Corrosión (CIC), Piedecuesta 681011, Colombia
| | - Tabea Bartsch
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (N.B.); (E.P.-C.); (T.B.); (L.R.L.); (A.K.); (R.B.); (A.F.); (C.A.)
| | - Liliana R. Loureiro
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (N.B.); (E.P.-C.); (T.B.); (L.R.L.); (A.K.); (R.B.); (A.F.); (C.A.)
| | - Alexandra Kegler
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (N.B.); (E.P.-C.); (T.B.); (L.R.L.); (A.K.); (R.B.); (A.F.); (C.A.)
| | - Ralf Bergmann
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (N.B.); (E.P.-C.); (T.B.); (L.R.L.); (A.K.); (R.B.); (A.F.); (C.A.)
- Department of Biophysics and Radiobiology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Joanne K. Gross
- The Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation and University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (J.K.G.); (T.G.); (B.T.K.); (R.H.S.); (A.D.F.); (J.A.J.)
| | - Tim Gross
- The Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation and University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (J.K.G.); (T.G.); (B.T.K.); (R.H.S.); (A.D.F.); (J.A.J.)
| | - Biji T. Kurien
- The Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation and University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (J.K.G.); (T.G.); (B.T.K.); (R.H.S.); (A.D.F.); (J.A.J.)
| | - R. Hal Scofield
- The Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation and University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (J.K.G.); (T.G.); (B.T.K.); (R.H.S.); (A.D.F.); (J.A.J.)
| | - A. Darise Farris
- The Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation and University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (J.K.G.); (T.G.); (B.T.K.); (R.H.S.); (A.D.F.); (J.A.J.)
| | - Judith A. James
- The Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation and University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (J.K.G.); (T.G.); (B.T.K.); (R.H.S.); (A.D.F.); (J.A.J.)
| | - Marc Schmitz
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technical University Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (C.C.B.); (I.M.); (M.S.)
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Karim Fahmy
- Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Anja Feldmann
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (N.B.); (E.P.-C.); (T.B.); (L.R.L.); (A.K.); (R.B.); (A.F.); (C.A.)
| | - Claudia Arndt
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (N.B.); (E.P.-C.); (T.B.); (L.R.L.); (A.K.); (R.B.); (A.F.); (C.A.)
| | - Michael P. Bachmann
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (N.B.); (E.P.-C.); (T.B.); (L.R.L.); (A.K.); (R.B.); (A.F.); (C.A.)
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technical University Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (C.C.B.); (I.M.); (M.S.)
- University Cancer Center (UCC), Tumor Immunology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technical University Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (D.B.); (J.B.)
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