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Takayama K, Mori K, Sasaki Y, Taguchi A, Taniguchi A, Miyazato M, Hayashi Y. Discovery of a Pentapeptide Antagonist to Human Neuromedin U Receptor 1. ACS Med Chem Lett 2024; 15:885-891. [PMID: 38894927 PMCID: PMC11181499 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.4c00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuromedin U (NMU) activates two types of receptors (NMUR1 and NMUR2), and the former is mainly expressed in the peripheral tissues, including the intestinal tract and lung tissues. Since NMUR1 contributes to the promotion of type 2 inflammation in these tissues, it is a potential target to suppress inflammatory responses. However, promising antagonist candidates for human NMUR1 have not yet been developed. Here we successfully identified pentapeptide antagonist 9a through a structure-activity relationship study based on hexapeptide lead 1. Its antagonistic activity against human NMUR1 was 10 times greater than that against NMUR2. This is a breakthrough in the development of NMUR1-selective antagonists. Although 9a was relatively stable in the plasma, the C-terminal amide was rapidly degraded to the carboxylic acid by the serum endopeptidase thrombin, which acted as an amidase. This basic information would aid in sample handling in future biological evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Takayama
- Laboratory
of Environmental Biochemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical
University, 5 Misasaginakauchi-cho, Yamashina, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Tokyo University
of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Kenji Mori
- Department of Cardiac
Physiology and Department of Biochemistry, National Cerebral
and Cardiovascular Center Research
Institute, 6-1 Kishibe-Shimmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
| | - Yu Sasaki
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Tokyo University
of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Akihiro Taguchi
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Tokyo University
of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Taniguchi
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Tokyo University
of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Mikiya Miyazato
- Department of Cardiac
Physiology and Department of Biochemistry, National Cerebral
and Cardiovascular Center Research
Institute, 6-1 Kishibe-Shimmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
| | - Yoshio Hayashi
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Tokyo University
of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
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Mead EB, Lee M, Trammell CE, Goodman AG. Drosophila melanogaster Limostatin and Its Human Ortholog Promote West Nile Virus Infection. INSECTS 2024; 15:446. [PMID: 38921161 PMCID: PMC11203814 DOI: 10.3390/insects15060446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The arbovirus West Nile virus (WNV) is a danger to global health. Spread primarily by mosquitoes, WNV causes about 2000 cases per year in the United States. The natural mosquito immune response controls viral replication so that the host survives but can still transmit the virus. Using the genetically malleable Drosophila melanogaster model, we previously dissected innate immune pathways used to control WNV infection. Specifically, we showed that insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) activates a JAK/STAT-mediated immune response that reduces WNV. However, how factors that regulate IIS in insects control infection has not been identified. D. melanogaster Limostatin (Lst) encodes a peptide hormone that suppresses insulin secretion. Its mammalian ortholog, Neuromedin U (NMU), is a peptide that regulates the production and secretion of insulin from pancreatic beta cells. In this study, we used D. melanogaster and human cell culture models to investigate the roles of these insulin regulators in immune signaling. We found that D. melanogaster Lst mutants, which have elevated insulin-like peptide expression, are less susceptible to WNV infection. Increased levels of insulin-like peptides in these flies result in upregulated JAK/STAT activity, leading to protection from infection. Treatment of human cells with the insulin regulator NMU results in increased WNV replication. Further investigation of methods to target Lst in mosquitoes or NMU in mammals can improve vector control methods and may lead to improved therapeutics for human and animal infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezra B. Mead
- School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Miyoung Lee
- School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Chasity E. Trammell
- School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Alan G. Goodman
- School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
- Paul G. Allen School of Global Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
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3
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Chen Z, Wen D, Cen J, Mu R. Hypothalamic transcriptome profile from laying period to incubation period of Changshun green-shell laying hens. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103950. [PMID: 38917610 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Incubation behavior in chickens is closely associated with hypothalamus. Here, RNA sequencing of hypothalamus from Changshun green-shell laying hens, an indigenous chicken breed from China, in egg-laying period (LP) and incubation period (BP) was conducted to identify critical pathways and candidate genes involved in controlling the incubation behavior in hypothalamus. A total of 637 up-regulated and 305 down-regulated differently expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in chicken hypothalamus between LP and BP groups. Gene ontology term (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis further revealed that neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, hippo signaling pathway, and focal adhesion were significantly enriched. Five candidate genes (POMC, IGF1R, CHAD, VCL, and MYL9) were suggested to play crucial roles in the regulation of chicken incubation behavior. Our results further indicated the complexity of reproductive behavior of different chicken breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Chen
- College of Biological Science and Agriculture, Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities, Duyun 558000, China; Qiannan Key Laboratory of Applied Biotechnology for Livestock and Poultry, Duyun 558000, China.
| | - Di Wen
- College of Biological Science and Agriculture, Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities, Duyun 558000, China
| | - Jian Cen
- College of Biological Science and Agriculture, Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities, Duyun 558000, China
| | - Ren Mu
- College of Biological Science and Agriculture, Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities, Duyun 558000, China; Qiannan Key Laboratory of Applied Biotechnology for Livestock and Poultry, Duyun 558000, China
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4
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Ghashghayi E, Zendehdel M, Khodadadi M, Rahmani B. Central dopaminergic, serotoninergic, as well as GABAergic systems mediate NMU-induced hypophagia in newborn chicken. Int J Neurosci 2024; 134:353-363. [PMID: 35901030 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2022.2102980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM Dopaminergic, serotoninergic, and GABAergic systems influence feeding; however, it is unknown how these chemicals interact with neuromedin U (NMU)-induced feeding in birds. In the current study, ten trials were conducted to determine the links between the above-mentioned systems and NMU. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the foremost experimentation, chickens were given intracerebroventricularly injections of NMU (0.1, 1, and 10 µg). NMU (10 µg), SCH23390 (5 nmol), a D1 receptor antagonist, and NMU + SCH23390 were administered in the second experiment. In subsequent experiments, instead of SCH23390, were applied AMI-193 (5 nmol D2 receptor antagonist), NGB2904 (6.4 nmol D3 receptor antagonist), L-741,742 (6 nmol D4 receptor antagonist), 6-OHDA (2.5 nmol dopamine inhibitor), SB242084 (5-HT2c receptor antagonist, 1.5 μg), 8-OH-DPAT (5-HT1A receptor agonist, 15.25 nmol), picrotoxin (GABAA receptor antagonist, 0.5 μg), and CGP54626 (GABAB receptor antagonist, 20 ng). Then, cumulative intake of food was recorded for 2 h. RESULTS According to the results, NMU reduced feeding when compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The NMU-induced hypophagia was reduced with co-injection of NMU and SCH23390 (p < 0.05). Hypophagia was diminished with NMU and AMI-193 (p < 0.05). NMU + NGB2904 and NMU + L-741,742 co-injections had no influence (p > 0.05). 6-OHDA reduced the hypophagia (p < 0.05). NMU and SB242084 decreased the hypophagia (p < 0.05), whereas NMU and 8-OH-DPAT had no effect (p > 0.05). The effects were amplified with picrotoxin (p < 0.05). NMU with CGP54626 had no influence on the hypophagia (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Thus, NMU-induced hypophagia is probably mediated by D1/D2, 5-HT2c, and GABAA receptors in neonatal chicks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Ghashghayi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Zendehdel
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Khodadadi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrouz Rahmani
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Lipiec-Borowicz A, Pałasz A, Suszka-Świtek A, Filipczyk Ł, Della Vecchia A, Worthington JJ, Piwowarczyk-Nowak A. Neuropeptides in the rat claustrum - An immunohistochemical detection. Acta Histochem 2024; 126:152156. [PMID: 38518508 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2024.152156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Neuropeptides are involved in numerous brain activities and are responsible for a wide spectrum of higher mental functions. The main purpose of this outline structural qualitative study was to identify the possible immunoreactivity of classical neuropeptides, as well as novel ones such as nesfatin-1, phoenixin (PNX), spexin (SPX), neuromedin U (NMU) and respective receptors within the rat claustrum for the first time. The study shows the novel identification of peptidergic neurotransmission in the rat claustrum which potentially implicates a contribution of this neuropeptide to numerous central neurosecretory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lipiec-Borowicz
- Department of Histology, School of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Medyków 18, Katowice 40-752, Poland.
| | - Artur Pałasz
- Department of Histology, School of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Medyków 18, Katowice 40-752, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Suszka-Świtek
- Department of Histology, School of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Medyków 18, Katowice 40-752, Poland
| | - Łukasz Filipczyk
- Department of Histology, School of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Medyków 18, Katowice 40-752, Poland
| | - Alessandra Della Vecchia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, 67, Via Roma, Pisa 56100, Italy
| | - John J Worthington
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - Aneta Piwowarczyk-Nowak
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Medyków 18, Katowice 40-752, Poland
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6
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Keskin M, Avul S, Beyaz A, Koca N. The association of Neuromedin U levels and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A comparative analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27291. [PMID: 38486771 PMCID: PMC10937677 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive study delves into the potential link between Neuromedin U (NmU) serum levels and the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a condition of increasing global prevalence and significant public health concern. The research provides a nuanced understanding of the disease's etiology by examining a cohort of 112 participants, including individuals with and without NAFLD. The study meticulously considers a spectrum of variables such as demographic factors, body composition metrics, and blood parameters. Advanced diagnostic tools like Fibroscan® are employed to ascertain NAFLD presence, ensuring accurate and reliable results. The investigation reveals a noteworthy correlation between NAFLD and several risk factors, notably obesity, increased waist and neck circumferences, hypertriglyceridemia, and insulin resistance. These findings underscore the multifactorial nature of NAFLD and its intricate connection with metabolic syndromes. Intriguingly, the study observes lower NmU levels in individuals diagnosed with NAFLD. However, the role of NmU as an independent risk factor for NAFLD remains inconclusive, warranting further investigation. Although triglyceride level was observed to be an independent risk factor for NAFLD, this relationship was not associated with NmU. This research contributes significantly to the existing knowledge on NAFLD, highlighting the disease's complexity and the interplay of various risk factors. It also opens up new avenues for future research, particularly in exploring the role of NmU within the metabolic pathways associated with NAFLD. The insights gained from this study could guide the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for NAFLD, addressing a crucial need in contemporary healthcare. In conclusion, the findings of this study not only enhance the understanding of NAFLD's pathophysiology but also emphasize the importance of comprehensive risk factor analysis in the management and prevention of this growing health concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Keskin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Medicana Private Hospital, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Sercan Avul
- Department of Internal Medicine, Birecik State Hospital, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Aylin Beyaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Kagizman State Hospital, Kars, Turkey
| | - Nizameddin Koca
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Bursa Faculty of Medicine, Bursa City Training & Research Hospital, Bursa, Turkey
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7
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Zheng R, Wang S, Wang J, Zhou M, Shi Q, Liu B. Neuromedin U regulates the anti-tumor activity of CD8 + T cells and glycolysis of tumor cells in the tumor microenvironment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in an NMUR1-dependent manner. Cancer Sci 2024; 115:334-346. [PMID: 38071753 PMCID: PMC10859610 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive cancer with a poor prognosis, which is lethal in approximately 90% of cases despite advanced standard therapies. A typical feature of PDAC is the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment with multiple immunosuppressive factors including neurotransmitters. Recently, neuromedin U (NMU), a highly conserved neuropeptide with many physiological functions, has attracted attention for its roles in tumorigenesis and metastasis in several types of cancers. However, whether NMU affects PDAC progression remains unclear. In this study, using an orthotopic mouse model of PDAC in combination with bioinformatics analysis, we found that NMU was upregulated in tumor tissues from the patients with PDAC and positively correlated with a poor prognosis of the disease. Interestingly, knockout of the Nmu gene in mice enhanced the anti-tumor functions of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells in an NMU receptor 1-dependent manner. Additionally, NMU promoted the glycolytic metabolism of mouse PDAC tumors. The activities of pyruvate kinase (PK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), pivotal enzymes involved in the regulation of lactate production, were markedly reduced in tumor tissues from NMU-knockout mice. In vitro the presence of LDHA inhibitor can reduce the production of lactic acid stimulated by NMU, which can increase the anti-tumor activity of CD8+ T cells. Moreover, treatment of the pancreatic cancer cells with a phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor diminished NMU-induced lactate production and the activities of PK and LDH, suggesting that NMU might regulate glycolysis via the PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zheng
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology, School of Basic Medical ScienceChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical ScienceShenyang Medical CollegeShenyangChina
| | - Si Wang
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology, School of Basic Medical ScienceChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology, School of Basic Medical ScienceChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Mengnan Zhou
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology, School of Basic Medical ScienceChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Qi Shi
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology, School of Basic Medical ScienceChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Beixing Liu
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology, School of Basic Medical ScienceChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
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8
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Uyanga VA, Bello SF, Qian X, Chao N, Li H, Zhao J, Wang X, Jiao H, Onagbesan OM, Lin H. Transcriptomics analysis unveils key potential genes associated with brain development and feeding behavior in the hypothalamus of L-citrulline-fed broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2023; 102:103136. [PMID: 37844531 PMCID: PMC10585647 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
High ambient temperature is a major environmental stressor affecting poultry production, especially in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Nutritional interventions have been adopted to combat thermal stress in poultry, including the use of amino acids. L-citrulline is a nonessential amino acid that is involved in nitric oxide generation and thermoregulation, however, the molecular mechanisms behind L-citrulline's regulation of body temperature are still unascertained. This study investigated the global gene expression in the hypothalamus of chickens fed either basal diet or L-citrulline-supplemented diets under different housing temperatures. Ross 308 broilers were fed with basal diet (CON) or 1% L-citrulline diet (LCT) from day-old, and later subjected to 2 environmental temperatures in a 2 by 2 factorial arrangement as follows; basal diet-fed chickens housed at 24°C (CON-TN); L-citrulline diet-fed chickens housed at 24°C (LCT-TN); basal diet-fed chickens housed at 35°C (CON-HS), and L-citrulline diet-fed chickens housed at 35°C (LCT-HS) from 22 to 42 d of age. At 42-days old, hypothalamic tissues were collected for mRNA analyses and RNA sequencing. A total of 1,019 million raw reads were generated and about 82.59 to 82.96% were uniquely mapped to genes. The gene ontology (GO) term between the CON-TN and LCT-TN groups revealed significant enrichments of pathways such as central nervous system development, and Wnt signaling pathway. On the other hand, GO terms between the CON-HS and LCT-HS groups revealed enrichments in the regulation of corticosteroid release, regulation of feeding behavior, and regulation of inflammatory response. Several potential candidate genes were identified to be responsible for central nervous system development (EMX2, WFIKKN2, SLC6A4 Wnt10a, and PHOX2B), and regulation of feed intake (NPY, AgRP, GAL, POMC, and NMU) in chickens. Therefore, this study unveils that L-citrulline can influence transcripts associated with brain development, feeding behavior, energy metabolism, and thermoregulation in chickens raised under different ambient temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Anthony Uyanga
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China; Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Semiu Folaniyi Bello
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Qian
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Ning Chao
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Haifang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Jingpeng Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Hongchao Jiao
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Okanlawon M Onagbesan
- Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Hai Lin
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China.
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9
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Pałasz A, Worthington JJ, Filipczyk Ł, Saganiak K. Pharmacomodulation of brain neuromedin U signaling as a potential therapeutic strategy. J Neurosci Res 2023; 101:1728-1736. [PMID: 37496289 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Neuromedin U (NMU) belongs to a family of multifunctional neuropeptides that modulate the activity of several neural networks of the brain. Acting via metabotropic receptor NMUR2, NMU plays a role in the regulation of multiple systems, including energy homeostasis, stress responses, circadian rhythms, and endocrine signaling. The involvement of NMU signaling in the central regulation of important neurophysiological processes and its disturbances is a potential target for pharmacological modulation. Number of preclinical studies have proven that both modified NMU analogues such as PASR8-NMU or F4R8-NMU and designed NMUR2 agonists, for example, CPN-116, CPN-124 exhibit a distinct pharmacological activity especially when delivered transnasally. Their application can potentially be useful in the more convenient and safe treatment of obesity, eating disorders, Alzheimer's disease-related memory impairment, alcohol addiction, and sleep disturbances. Accumulating findings suggest that pharmacomodulation of the central NMU signaling may be a promising strategy in the treatment of several neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Pałasz
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - John J Worthington
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Łukasz Filipczyk
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Karolina Saganiak
- Department of Anatomy, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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10
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Zeng Y, Ma W, Li L, Zhuang G, Luo G, Zhou H, Hao W, Liu Y, Guo F, Tian M, Ruan X, Gao M, Zheng X. Identification and validation of eight estrogen-related genes for predicting prognosis of papillary thyroid cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:1668-1684. [PMID: 36917092 PMCID: PMC10042678 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in female, and estrogen can affect its progression. However, the targets and mechanisms of estrogen action in PTC remain unclear. Therefore, this study focuses on the relationship between estrogen-related genes (ERGs) expression and prognosis in PTC, particularly neuropeptide U (NMU), and its important role in tumor progression. Based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) predominantly enriched in ERGs were identified between PTC and normal tissue. Then, we identified ERGs that contributed most to PTC prognosis, including Transducer of ERBB2 1 (TOB1), trefoil factor 1 (TFF1), phospholipase A and acyltransferase 3 (PLAAT3), NMU, kinesin family member 20A (KIF20A), DNA topoisomerase II alpha (TOP2A), tetraspanin 13 (TSPAN13), and carboxypeptidase E (CPE). In addition, we confirmed that NMU was highly expressed in PTC and explored the effect of NMU on PTC cells proliferation in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that the proliferative capacity of PTC cells was significantly reduced with NMU knockdown. Moreover, the phosphorylation levels of the Kirsten rat sarcoma virus (KRAS) signaling pathway were significantly lower with NMU knockdown. These results suggest that ERGs, especially NMU, may be novel prognostic indicators in PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zeng
- Department of Thyroid and Neck Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Weike Ma
- Department of Thyroid and Neck Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Lijuan Li
- Department of Cancer Prevention Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Gaojian Zhuang
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan 511500, China
| | - Guoqing Luo
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan 511500, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan 511500, China
| | - Weijing Hao
- Department of Thyroid and Neck Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Neck Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Fengli Guo
- Department of Thyroid and Neck Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Mengran Tian
- Department of Thyroid and Neck Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xianhui Ruan
- Department of Thyroid and Neck Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Ming Gao
- Department of Thyroid and Neck Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of General Surgery in Construction, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, China
| | - Xiangqian Zheng
- Department of Thyroid and Neck Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
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11
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Regulation of feeding and therapeutic application of bioactive peptides. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 239:108187. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Yokogi K, Goto Y, Otsuka M, Ojima F, Kobayashi T, Tsuchiba Y, Takeuchi Y, Namba M, Kohno M, Tetsuka M, Takeuchi S, Matsuyama M, Aizawa S. Neuromedin U-deficient rats do not lose body weight or food intake. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17472. [PMID: 36302800 PMCID: PMC9614009 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21764-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies in genetically modified mice establish that essential roles of endogenous neuromedin U (NMU) are anorexigenic function and metabolic regulation, indicating that NMU is expected to be a potential target for anti-obesity agents. However, in central administration experiments in rats, inconsistent results have been obtained, and the essential role of NMU energy metabolism in rats remain unclear. This study aims to elucidate the role of endogenous NMU in rats. We generated NMU knockout (KO) rats that unexpectedly showed no difference in body weight, adiposity, circulating metabolic markers, body temperature, locomotor activity, and food consumption in both normal and high fat chow feeding. Furthermore, unlike reported in mice, expressions of Nmu and NMU receptor type 2 (Nmur2) mRNA were hardly detectable in the rat hypothalamic nuclei regulating feeding and energy metabolism, including the arcuate nucleus and paraventricular nucleus, while Nmu was expressed in pars tuberalis and Nmur2 was expressed in the ependymal cell layer of the third ventricle. These results indicate that the species-specific expression pattern of Nmu and Nmur2 may allow NMU to have distinct functions across species, and that endogenous NMU does not function as an anorexigenic hormone in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoka Yokogi
- grid.261356.50000 0001 1302 4472Department of Biology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8530 Japan
| | - Yuki Goto
- grid.261356.50000 0001 1302 4472Department of Biology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8530 Japan
| | - Mai Otsuka
- grid.261356.50000 0001 1302 4472Department of Biology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8530 Japan
| | - Fumiya Ojima
- grid.415086.e0000 0001 1014 2000Department of Natural Sciences and Biology, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192 Japan
| | - Tomoe Kobayashi
- grid.415729.c0000 0004 0377 284XDivision of Molecular Genetics, Shigei Medical Research Institute, 2117 Yamada, Minami-ku, Okayama 701-0202 Japan
| | - Yukina Tsuchiba
- grid.261356.50000 0001 1302 4472Department of Biology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8530 Japan
| | - Yu Takeuchi
- grid.261356.50000 0001 1302 4472Department of Biology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8530 Japan
| | - Masumi Namba
- grid.415729.c0000 0004 0377 284XDivision of Molecular Genetics, Shigei Medical Research Institute, 2117 Yamada, Minami-ku, Okayama 701-0202 Japan
| | - Mayumi Kohno
- grid.415729.c0000 0004 0377 284XDivision of Molecular Genetics, Shigei Medical Research Institute, 2117 Yamada, Minami-ku, Okayama 701-0202 Japan
| | - Minami Tetsuka
- grid.261356.50000 0001 1302 4472Department of Biology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8530 Japan
| | - Sakae Takeuchi
- grid.261356.50000 0001 1302 4472Department of Biology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8530 Japan
| | - Makoto Matsuyama
- grid.415729.c0000 0004 0377 284XDivision of Molecular Genetics, Shigei Medical Research Institute, 2117 Yamada, Minami-ku, Okayama 701-0202 Japan
| | - Sayaka Aizawa
- grid.261356.50000 0001 1302 4472Department of Biology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8530 Japan
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13
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Chen D, Ye Z, Lew Z, Luo S, Yu Z, Lin Y. Expression of NMU, PPBP and GNG4 in colon cancer and their influences on prognosis. Transl Cancer Res 2022; 11:3572-3583. [PMID: 36388046 PMCID: PMC9641087 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-22-1377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to identify the core genes that influence the prognosis of colon cancer (CC) and analyze their relationships with clinical characteristics. METHODS The gene expression profiles were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. The top ten core genes were selected by bioinformatics tools and screened through the Oncomine database. The expression of core genes in CC tissues and cells was validated by immunohistochemistry, immunoblotting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Spearman correlation was used to analyze the relationship between different parameters. Overall survival was assessed by the Kaplan-Meier method. The area under the curve (AUC) and the receiver operating curve (ROC) were applied to assess the accuracy of genes for predicting prognosis. RESULTS There were 1,665 DEGs that were identified from TCGA database. Bioinformatics analysis found that GNGT1, NMU, PPBP, AGT, and GNG4 were differentially expressed in CC tissue. Overexpression of NMU, PPBP, AGT, and GNG4 in CC was associated with shortened survival time (P<0.05). In the validation studies, the high expression levels of NMU, PPBP and GNG4 in CC cells and tissues were confirmed compared to the control groups (P<0.05) and were adverse prognostic biomarkers (P<0.01). The combination prognostic model of the three core genes predicted the 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival of CC with AUCs of 0.868, 0.635 and 0.770, respectively. CONCLUSIONS High levels of NMU, PPBP, and GNG4 were associated with poor prognosis in CC. The combination prognostic model of these three genes could be a new option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyu Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China;,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China;,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenxian Lew
- Department of Surgery, Guangzhou Concord Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Simin Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China;,Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhong Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China;,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China;,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Piwowarczyk-Nowak A, Pałasz A, Bogus K, Krzystanek M, Błaszczyk I, Worthington JJ, Grajoszek A. Modulatory effect of long-term treatment with escitalopram and clonazepam on the expression of anxiety-related neuropeptides: neuromedin U, neuropeptide S and their receptors in the rat brain. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:9041-9049. [PMID: 35690686 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07578-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Newly identified multifunctional peptidergic modulators of stress responses: neuromedin U (NMU) and neuropeptide S (NPS) are involved in the wide spectrum of brain functions. However, there are no reports dealing with potential molecular relationships between the action of diverse anxiolytic or antidepressant drugs and NMU and NPS signaling in the brain. The present work was therefore focused on local expression of the aforementioned stress-related neuropeptides in the rat brain after long-term treatment with escitalopram and clonazepam. METHODS Studies were carried out on adult, male Sprague-Dawley rats that were divided into 3 groups: animals injected with saline (control) and experimental individuals treated with escitalopram (at single dose 5 mg/kg daily), and clonazepam (at single dose 0.5 mg/kg). All individuals were sacrificed under anaesthesia and the whole brain excised. Total mRNA was isolated from homogenized samples of amygdala, hippocampus, hypothalamus, thalamus, cerebellum and brainstem. Real time-PCR method was used for estimation of related NPS, NPS receptor (NPSR), NMU, NMU and receptor 2 (NMUR2) mRNA expression. The whole brains were also sliced for general immunohistochemical assessment of the neuropeptides expression. RESULTS Chronic administration of clonazepam resulted in an increase of NMU mRNA expression and formation of NMU-expressing fibers in the amygdala, while escitalopram produced a significant decrease in NPSR mRNA level in hypothalamus. Long-term escitalopram administration affects the local expression of examined neuropeptides mRNA in a varied manner depending on the brain structure. CONCLUSIONS Pharmacological effects of escitalopram may be connected with local at least partially NPSR-related alterations in the NPS/NMU/NMUR2 gene expression at the level selected rat brain regions. A novel alternative mode of SSRI action can be therefore cautiously proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Piwowarczyk-Nowak
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Medyków 18, 40-752, Katowice, Poland
| | - Artur Pałasz
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Medyków 18, 40-752, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Bogus
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Medyków 18, 40-752, Katowice, Poland
| | - Marek Krzystanek
- Clinic of Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Ziolowa 45/47 Katowice 40- 635, Katowice, Poland
| | - Iwona Błaszczyk
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Medyków 18, 40-752, Katowice, Poland
| | - John J Worthington
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, LA1 4YQ, Lancaster, UK
| | - Aniela Grajoszek
- Department for Experimental Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Medyków 4, 40-752, Katowice, Poland
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15
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Piwowarczyk-Nowak A, Pałasz A, Suszka-Świtek A, Della Vecchia A, Grajoszek A, Krzystanek M, Worthington JJ. Escitalopram alters local expression of noncanonical stress-related neuropeptides in the rat brain via NPS receptor signaling. Pharmacol Rep 2022; 74:637-653. [PMID: 35653031 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-022-00374-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropeptide S (NPS) is a multifunctional regulatory factor that exhibits a potent anxiolytic activity in animal models. However, there are no reports dealing with the potential molecular relationships between the anxiolytic activity of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and NPS signaling, especially in the context of novel stress-related neuropeptides action. The present work therefore focused on gene expression of novel stress neuropeptides in the rat brain after acute treatment with escitalopram and in combination with neuropeptide S receptor (NPSR) blockade. METHODS Studies were carried out on adult, male Sprague-Dawley rats that were divided into five groups: animals injected with saline (control) and experimental rats treated with escitalopram (at single dose 10 mg/kg daily), escitalopram and SHA-68, a selective NPSR antagonist (at a single dose of 40 mg/kg), SHA-68 alone and corresponding vehicle (solvent SHA-68) control. To measure anxiety-like behavior and locomotor activity the open field test was performed. All individuals were killed under anaesthesia and the whole brain was excised. Total mRNA was isolated from homogenized samples of the amygdala, hippocampus, hypothalamus, thalamus, cerebellum, and brainstem. Real-time PCR was used for estimation of related NPS, NPSR, neuromedin U (NMU), NMU receptor 2 (NMUR2) and nesfatin-1 precursor nucleobindin-2 (NUCB2) gene expression. RESULTS Acute escitalopram administration affects the local expression of the examined neuropeptides mRNA in a varied manner depending on brain location. An increase in NPSR and NUCB2 mRNA expression in the hypothalamus and brainstem was abolished by SHA-68 coadministration, while NMU mRNA expression was upregulated after NPSR blockade in the hippocampus and cerebellum. CONCLUSIONS The pharmacological effects of escitalopram may be connected with local NPSR-related alterations in NPS/NMU/NMUR2 and nesfatin-1 gene expression at the level of selected rat brain regions. A novel alternative mode of SSRI action can be therefore cautiously proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Piwowarczyk-Nowak
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Medyków 18, 40-752, Katowice, Poland
| | - Artur Pałasz
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Medyków 18, 40-752, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Suszka-Świtek
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Medyków 18, 40-752, Katowice, Poland
| | - Alessandra Della Vecchia
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 67, Via Roma, 56100, Pisa, Italy
| | - Aniela Grajoszek
- Department for Experimental Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Medyków 4, 40-752, Katowice, Poland
| | - Marek Krzystanek
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Clinic of Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Ziolowa 45/47, 40-635, Katowice, Poland
| | - John J Worthington
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, UK
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16
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Piwowarczyk-Nowak A, Pałasz A, Suszka-Świtek A, Błaszczyk I, Bogus K, Łasut-Szyszka B, Krzystanek M, Worthington JJ. Effect of Escitalopram on the Number of DCX-Positive Cells and NMUR2 Receptor Expression in the Rat Hippocampus under the Condition of NPSR Receptor Blockade. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:631. [PMID: 35631458 PMCID: PMC9143903 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropeptide S (NPS) is a multifunctional regulatory factor that exhibits a potent anxiolytic activity in animal models. However, there are no reports dealing with the potential molecular interactions between the activity of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and NPS signaling, especially in the context of adult neurogenesis and the expression of noncanonical stress-related neuropeptides such as neuromedin U (NMU). The present work therefore focused on immunoexpression of neuromedin U receptor 2 (NMUR2) and doublecortin (DCX) in the rat hippocampus after acute treatment with escitalopram and in combination with selective neuropeptide S receptor (NPSR) blockade. METHODS Studies were carried out on adult, male Sprague-Dawley rats that were divided into five groups: animals injected with saline (control) and experimental individuals treated with escitalopram (at single dose 10 mg/kg daily), escitalopram + SHA-68, a selective NPSR antagonist (at single dose 40 mg/kg), SHA-68 alone, and corresponding vehicle control. All animals were sacrificed under halothane anaesthesia. The whole hippocampi were quickly excised, fixed, and finally sliced for general qualitative immunohistochemical assessment of the NPSR and NMUR2 expression. The number of immature neurons was enumerated using immunofluorescent detection of doublecortin (DCX) expression within the subgranular zone (SGZ). RESULTS Acute escitalopram administration affects the number of DCX and NMUR2-expressing cells in the adult rat hippocampus. A decreased number of DCX-expressing neuroblasts after treatment with escitalopram was augmented by SHA-68 coadministration. CONCLUSIONS Early pharmacological effects of escitalopram may be at least partly connected with local NPSR-related alterations of neuroblast maturation in the rat hippocampus. Escitalopram may affect neuropeptide and DCX-expression starting even from the first dose. Adult neurogenesis may be regulated via paracrine neuropeptide S and NMU-related signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Piwowarczyk-Nowak
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Medyków 18, 40-752 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Artur Pałasz
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Medyków 18, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (A.S.-Ś.); (I.B.); (K.B.)
| | - Aleksandra Suszka-Świtek
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Medyków 18, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (A.S.-Ś.); (I.B.); (K.B.)
| | - Iwona Błaszczyk
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Medyków 18, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (A.S.-Ś.); (I.B.); (K.B.)
| | - Katarzyna Bogus
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Medyków 18, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (A.S.-Ś.); (I.B.); (K.B.)
| | - Barbara Łasut-Szyszka
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland;
| | - Marek Krzystanek
- Clinic of Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Ziolowa 45/47, 40-635 Katowice, Poland;
| | - John J. Worthington
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YG, UK;
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Qi X, Liu P, Wang Y, Xue J, An Y, Zhao C. Insights Into the Research Status of Neuromedin U: A Bibliometric and Visual Analysis From 1987 to 2021. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:773000. [PMID: 35273971 PMCID: PMC8901607 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.773000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuromedin U (NMU) is a regulatory peptide that is widely distributed throughout the body and performs a variety of physiological functions through its corresponding receptors. In recent years, NMU has become the focus of attention in various fields of research as its diverse and essential functions have gradually been elucidated. However, there have been no bibliometrics studies on the development trend and knowledge structure of NMU research. Therefore, in this study, we used VOSviewer software to statistically analyze scientific data from articles related to NMU to track the developmental footprint of this research field, including relevant countries, institutions, authors, and keywords. We retrieved a total of 338 papers related to NMU, written by 1,661 authors from 438 organizations of 41 countries that were published in 332 journals. The first study on NMU was reported by a group in Japan in 1985. Subsequently, nine articles on NMU were published from 1987 to 2006. A small leap in this field could be detected in 2009, with 30 articles published worldwide. Among the various countries in which this research has been performed, Japan and the United States have made the most outstanding contributions. Miyazato M, Kangawa K, and Mori K from the Department of Biochemistry, National Retrain and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute in Japan were the most productive authors who have the highest number of citations. Keyword analysis showed six clusters: central-nervous-system, homeostasis, energy metabolism, cancer, immune inflammation, and food intake. The three most highly cited articles were associated with inflammation. Overall, this study demonstrates the research trends and future directions of NMU, providing an objective description of the contributions in this field along with reference value for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueping Qi
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Shanxi Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Taiyuan, China.,Key Research Laboratory of Airway Neuroimmunology, Taiyuan, China
| | | | - Yanjie Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Shanxi Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Taiyuan, China.,Key Research Laboratory of Airway Neuroimmunology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jinmei Xue
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Shanxi Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Taiyuan, China.,Key Research Laboratory of Airway Neuroimmunology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yunfang An
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Shanxi Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Taiyuan, China.,Key Research Laboratory of Airway Neuroimmunology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Changqing Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Shanxi Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Taiyuan, China.,Key Research Laboratory of Airway Neuroimmunology, Taiyuan, China
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18
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Przygodzka P, Sochacka E, Soboska K, Pacholczyk M, Papiewska-Pająk I, Przygodzki T, Płociński P, Ballet S, De Prins A, Boncela J. Neuromedin U induces an invasive phenotype in CRC cells expressing the NMUR2 receptor. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:283. [PMID: 34493299 PMCID: PMC8422652 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02073-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Successful colorectal cancer (CRC) therapy often depends on the accurate identification of primary tumours with invasive potential. There is still a lack of identified pathological factors associated with disease recurrence that could help in making treatment decisions. Neuromedin U (NMU) is a secretory neuropeptide that was first isolated from the porcine spinal cord, and it has emerged as a novel factor involved in the tumorigenesis and/or metastasis of many types of cancers. Previously associated with processes leading to CRC cell invasiveness, NMU has the potential to be a marker of poor outcome, but it has not been extensively studied in CRC. Methods Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were used to analyse NMU and NMU receptor (NMUR1 and NMUR2) expression in CRC tissues vs. normal tissues, and real-time PCR was used for NMU and NMU receptor expression analysis. NMU protein detection was performed by immunoblotting. Secreted NMU was immunoprecipitated from cell culture-conditioned media and analysed by immunoblotting and protein sequencing. DNA demethylation by 5-aza-CdR was used to analyse the regulation of NMUR1 and NMUR2 expression. NMU receptor activity was monitored by detecting calcium mobilisation in cells loaded with fluo-4, and ERK1/2 kinase activation was detected after treatment with NMU or receptor agonist. Cell migration and invasion were investigated using membrane filters. Integrin expression was evaluated by flow cytometry. Results The obtained data revealed elevated expression of NMU and NMUR2 in CRC tissue samples and variable expression in the analysed CRC cell lines. We have shown, for the first time, that NMUR2 activation induces signalling in CRC cells and that NMU increases the motility and invasiveness of NMUR2-positive CRC cells and increases prometastatic integrin receptor subunit expression. Conclusions Our results show the ability of CRC cells to respond to NMU via activation of the NMUR2 receptor, which ultimately leads to a shift in the CRC phenotype towards a more invasive phenotype. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-02073-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Przygodzka
- Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodowa 106, 93-232, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Ewelina Sochacka
- Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodowa 106, 93-232, Lodz, Poland.,Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236, Lodz, Poland
| | - Kamila Soboska
- Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodowa 106, 93-232, Lodz, Poland.,Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236, Lodz, Poland
| | - Marcin Pacholczyk
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 16, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| | | | - Tomasz Przygodzki
- Department of Haemostasis and Haemostatic Disorders, Chair of Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-235, Lodz, Poland
| | - Przemysław Płociński
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237, Lodz, Poland
| | - Steven Ballet
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Chemistry and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - An De Prins
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Chemistry and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Joanna Boncela
- Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodowa 106, 93-232, Lodz, Poland
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