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de Camargo Magalhães ES, de Bont ESJM, Bruggeman SWM, Lima FRS. Targeting the reprogrammed metabolism in H3.3K27M pediatric high-grade gliomas. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167248. [PMID: 38777100 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Recent studies in Diffuse Midline Gliomas (DMG) demonstrated a strong connection between epigenome dysregulation and metabolic rewiring. Here, we evaluated the value of targeting a glycolytic protein named Phosphofructo-2-kinase/Fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) in H3.3K27M DMG. We observed that the viability of H3.3K27M cells is dramatically reduced by PFK15, a potent inhibitor of PFKFB3. Furthermore, PFKFB3 inhibition induced apoptosis and G2/M arrest. Interestingly, CRISPR-Knockout of the K27M mutant allele has a synergistic effect on the observed phenotype. Altogether, we identified PFKFB3 as a new target for H3.3K27M DMG, making PFK15 a potential candidate for future animal studies and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo S de Camargo Magalhães
- Department of Ageing Biology/ERIBA, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Glial Cell Biology Laboratory, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eveline S J M de Bont
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Division of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sophia W M Bruggeman
- Department of Ageing Biology/ERIBA, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Flavia R S Lima
- Glial Cell Biology Laboratory, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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2
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Xu S, Liao J, Liu B, Zhang C, Xu X. Aerobic glycolysis of vascular endothelial cells: a novel perspective in cancer therapy. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:717. [PMID: 38824197 PMCID: PMC11144152 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09588-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) are monolayers of cells arranged in the inner walls of blood vessels. Under normal physiological conditions, ECs play an essential role in angiogenesis, homeostasis and immune response. Emerging evidence suggests that abnormalities in EC metabolism, especially aerobic glycolysis, are associated with the initiation and progression of various diseases, including multiple cancers. In this review, we discuss the differences in aerobic glycolysis of vascular ECs under normal and pathological conditions, focusing on the recent research progress of aerobic glycolysis in tumor vascular ECs and potential strategies for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenhao Xu
- Department of urology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, China
| | - Jiahao Liao
- Department of urology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of urology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of urology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, China.
| | - Xin Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
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3
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Lutze P, Brenmoehl J, Tesenvitz S, Ohde D, Wanka H, Meyer Z, Grunow B. Effects of Temperature Adaptation on the Metabolism and Physiological Properties of Sturgeon Fish Larvae Cell Line. Cells 2024; 13:269. [PMID: 38334662 PMCID: PMC10854621 DOI: 10.3390/cells13030269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated how Atlantic sturgeon cells respond to elevated temperatures, shedding light on the potential impacts of climate change on fish. Atlantic sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus), an IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) Red List species and evolutionarily related to paleonisiform species, may have considerable physiological adaptability, suggesting that this species may be able to cope with changing climatic conditions and higher temperatures. To test this hypothesis, the AOXlar7y cell line was examined at 20 °C (control) and at elevated temperatures of 25 °C and 28 °C. Parameters including proliferation, vitality, morphology, and gene expressions related to proliferation, stemness, and stress were evaluated. Additionally, to achieve a comprehensive understanding of cellular changes, mitochondrial and metabolic activities were assessed using Seahorse XF96. AOXlar7y cells adapted to 28 °C exhibited enhanced mitochondrial adaptability, plasticity, heightened cell proliferation, and increased hsp70 expression. Increased baseline respiration indicated elevated ATP demand, which is potentially linked to higher cell proliferation and heat stress defense. Cells at 28 °C also displayed elevated reserve respiration capacity, suggesting adaptation to energy demands. At 25 °C, AOXlar7y cells showed no changes in basal respiration or mitochondrial capacity, suggesting unchanged ATP demand compared to cells cultivated at 20 °C. Proliferation and glycolytic response to energy requirements were diminished, implying a connection between glycolysis inhibition and proliferation suppression. These research results indicate sturgeon cells are capable of withstanding and adapting to an 8 °C temperature increase. This cellular analysis lays a foundation for future studies aimed at a deeper understanding of fish cell physiological adaptations, which will contribute to a better knowledge of environmental threats facing Atlantic sturgeon and fish populations amid climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Lutze
- Fish Growth Physiology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany;
- Institute of Pathophysiology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany;
| | - Julia Brenmoehl
- Signal Transduction, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany; (J.B.); (D.O.); (Z.M.)
| | - Stephanie Tesenvitz
- Institute of Pathophysiology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany;
| | - Daniela Ohde
- Signal Transduction, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany; (J.B.); (D.O.); (Z.M.)
| | - Heike Wanka
- Institute of Physiology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany;
| | - Zianka Meyer
- Signal Transduction, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany; (J.B.); (D.O.); (Z.M.)
- Diagenom GmbH, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Bianka Grunow
- Fish Growth Physiology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany;
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Adir O, Sagi-Assif O, Meshel T, Ben-Menachem S, Pasmanik-Chor M, Hoon DSB, Witz IP, Izraely S. Heterogeneity in the Metastatic Microenvironment: JunB-Expressing Microglia Cells as Potential Drivers of Melanoma Brain Metastasis Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4979. [PMID: 37894348 PMCID: PMC10605008 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15204979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Reciprocal signaling between melanoma brain metastatic (MBM) cells and microglia reprograms the phenotype of both interaction partners, including upregulation of the transcription factor JunB in microglia. Here, we aimed to elucidate the impact of microglial JunB upregulation on MBM progression. For molecular profiling, we employed RNA-seq and reverse-phase protein array (RPPA). To test microglial JunB functions, we generated microglia variants stably overexpressing JunB (JunBhi) or with downregulated levels of JunB (JunBlo). Melanoma-derived factors, namely leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), controlled JunB upregulation through Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling. The expression levels of JunB in melanoma-associated microglia were heterogeneous. Flow cytometry analysis revealed the existence of basal-level JunB-expressing microglia alongside microglia highly expressing JunB. Proteomic profiling revealed a differential protein expression in JunBhi and JunBlo cells, namely the expression of microglia activation markers Iba-1 and CD150, and the immunosuppressive molecules SOCS3 and PD-L1. Functionally, JunBhi microglia displayed decreased migratory capacity and phagocytic activity. JunBlo microglia reduced melanoma proliferation and migration, while JunBhi microglia preserved the ability of melanoma cells to proliferate in three-dimensional co-cultures, that was abrogated by targeting leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR) in control microglia-melanoma spheroids. Altogether, these data highlight a melanoma-mediated heterogenous effect on microglial JunB expression, dictating the nature of their functional involvement in MBM progression. Targeting microglia highly expressing JunB may potentially be utilized for MBM theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orit Adir
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (O.A.); (O.S.-A.); (T.M.); (S.B.-M.); (I.P.W.)
| | - Orit Sagi-Assif
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (O.A.); (O.S.-A.); (T.M.); (S.B.-M.); (I.P.W.)
| | - Tsipi Meshel
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (O.A.); (O.S.-A.); (T.M.); (S.B.-M.); (I.P.W.)
| | - Shlomit Ben-Menachem
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (O.A.); (O.S.-A.); (T.M.); (S.B.-M.); (I.P.W.)
| | - Metsada Pasmanik-Chor
- Bioinformatics Unit, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel;
| | - Dave S. B. Hoon
- Department of Translational Molecular Medicine, Saint John’s Cancer Institute, Providence Saint John’s Health Center, Santa Monica, CA 90404, USA;
| | - Isaac P. Witz
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (O.A.); (O.S.-A.); (T.M.); (S.B.-M.); (I.P.W.)
| | - Sivan Izraely
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (O.A.); (O.S.-A.); (T.M.); (S.B.-M.); (I.P.W.)
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Chu YD, Chen CW, Lai MW, Lim SN, Lin WR. Bioenergetic alteration in gastrointestinal cancers: The good, the bad and the ugly. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:4499-4527. [PMID: 37621758 PMCID: PMC10445009 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i29.4499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells exhibit metabolic reprogramming and bioenergetic alteration, utilizing glucose fermentation for energy production, known as the Warburg effect. However, there are a lack of comprehensive reviews summarizing the metabolic reprogramming, bioenergetic alteration, and their oncogenetic links in gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. Furthermore, the efficacy and treatment potential of emerging anticancer drugs targeting these alterations in GI cancers require further evaluation. This review highlights the interplay between aerobic glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in cancer cells, as well as hypotheses on the molecular mechanisms that trigger this alteration. The role of hypoxia-inducible transcription factors, tumor suppressors, and the oncogenetic link between hypoxia-related enzymes, bioenergetic changes, and GI cancer are also discussed. This review emphasizes the potential of targeting bioenergetic regulators for anti-cancer therapy, particularly for GI cancers. Emphasizing the potential of targeting bioenergetic regulators for GI cancer therapy, the review categorizes these regulators into aerobic glycolysis/ lactate biosynthesis/transportation and TCA cycle/coupled OXPHOS. We also detail various anti-cancer drugs and strategies that have produced pre-clinical and/or clinical evidence in treating GI cancers, as well as the challenges posed by these drugs. Here we highlight that understanding dysregulated cancer cell bioenergetics is critical for effective treatments, although the diverse metabolic patterns present challenges for targeted therapies. Further research is needed to comprehend the specific mechanisms of inhibiting bioenergetic enzymes, address side effects, and leverage high-throughput multi-omics and spatial omics to gain insights into cancer cell heterogeneity for targeted bioenergetic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-De Chu
- Liver Research Center, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Wei Lai
- Department of Pediatrics, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Siew-Na Lim
- Department of Neurology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Wey-Ran Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
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Zakaria S, Elsebaey S, Allam S, Abdo W, El-Sisi A. Siah2 inhibitor and the metabolic antagonist Oxamate retard colon cancer progression and downregulate PD1 expression. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2023; 19:PRA-EPUB-128869. [PMID: 36650629 DOI: 10.2174/1574892818666230116142606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Solid tumors such as colon cancer are characterized by rapid and sustained cell proliferation, which ultimately results in hypoxia, induction of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), and activation of glycolysis to promote tumor survival and immune evasion. We hypothesized that a combinatorial approach of menadione (MEN) as an indirect HIF-1α inhibitor and sodium oxamate (OX) as a glycolysis inhibitor may be a promising treatment strategy for colon cancer. OBJECTIVES We investigated the potential efficacy of this combination for promoting an antitumor immune response and suppressing tumor growth in a rat model of colon cancer. METHODS Colon cancer was induced by once-weekly subcutaneous injection of 20 mg/kg dimethylhydrazine (DMH) for 16 weeks. Control rats received the vehicle and then no further treatment (negative control) or MEN plus OX for 4 weeks (drug control). Dimethylhydrazine-treated rats were then randomly allocated to four groups: DMH alone group and other groups treated with MEN, OX, and a combination of (MEN and OX) for 4 weeks. Serum samples were assayed for the tumor marker carbohydrate antigen (CA19.9), while expression levels of HIF-1α, caspase-3, PHD3, LDH, and PD1 were evaluated in colon tissue samples by immunoassay and qRT-PCR. Additionally, Ki-67 and Siah2 expression levels were examined by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The combination of MEN plus OX demonstrated a greater inhibitory effect on the expression levels of HIF-1α, Siah2, LDH, Ki-67, and PD1, and greater enhancement of caspase-3 and PHD3 expression in colon cancer tissues than either drug alone. CONCLUSION Simultaneous targeting of hypoxia and glycolysis pathways by a combination of MEN and OX could be a promising therapy for inhibiting colon cancer cell growth and promoting antitumor immunity [1].
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherin Zakaria
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kaferelsheikh University, 33516, Kaferelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Samar Elsebaey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kaferelsheikh University, 33516, Kaferelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Shady Allam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, 32511, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Walied Abdo
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516 Kaferelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Alaa El-Sisi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, 31512, Tanta, Egypt
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7
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Zlacká J, Murár M, Addová G, Moravčík R, Boháč A, Zeman M. Synthesis of Glycolysis Inhibitor PFK15 and Its Synergistic Action with an Approved Multikinase Antiangiogenic Drug on Human Endothelial Cell Migration and Proliferation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214295. [PMID: 36430773 PMCID: PMC9697023 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Activated endothelial, immune, and cancer cells prefer glycolysis to obtain energy for their proliferation and migration. Therefore, the blocking of glycolysis can be a promising strategy against cancer and autoimmune disease progression. Inactivation of the glycolytic enzyme PFKFB3 (6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase) suppresses glycolysis level and contributes to decreased proliferation and migration of cancer (tumorigenesis) and endothelial (angiogenesis) cells. Recently, several glycolysis inhibitors have been developed, among them (E)-1-(pyridin-4-yl)-3-(quinolin-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (PFK15) that is considered as one of the most promising. It is known that PFK15 decreases glucose uptake into the endothelial cells and efficiently blocks pathological angiogenesis. However, no study has described sufficiently PFK15 synthesis enabling its general availability. In this paper we provide all necessary details for PFK15 preparation and its advanced characterization. On the other hand, there are known tyrosine kinase inhibitors (e.g., sunitinib), that affect additional molecular targets and efficiently block angiogenesis. From a biological point of view, we have studied and proved the synergistic inhibitory effect by simultaneous administration of glycolysis inhibitor PFK15 and multikinase inhibitor sunitinib on the proliferation and migration of HUVEC. Our results suggest that suppressing the glycolytic activity of endothelial cells in combination with growth factor receptor blocking can be a promising antiangiogenic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Zlacká
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ethology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Miroslav Murár
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Gabriela Addová
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Roman Moravčík
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ethology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Andrej Boháč
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Biomagi, Ltd., Mamateyova 26, 851 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Michal Zeman
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ethology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Correspondence:
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A comprehensive insight into the antineoplastic activities and molecular mechanisms of deoxypodophyllotoxin: Recent trends, challenges, and future outlook. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 928:175089. [PMID: 35688183 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Lignans constitute an important group of polyphenols, which have been demonstrated to potently suppress cancer cell proliferation. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies indicate that deoxypodophyllotoxin as a natural lignan possesses potent anticancer activities against various types of human cancer. The purpose of current review is to provide the reader with the latest findings in understanding the anticancer effects and molecular mechanisms of deoxypodophyllotoxin. This review comprehensively describes the influence of deoxypodophyllotoxin on signaling cascades and molecular targets implicated in cancer cell proliferation and invasion. A number of various signaling molecules and pathways, including apoptosis, necroptosis, cell cycle, angiogenesis, vascular disruption, ROS, MMPs, glycolysis, and microtubules as well as NF-κB, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, and MAPK cascades have been reported to be responsible for the anticancer activities of deoxypodophyllotoxin. The results of present review suggest that the cyclolignan deoxypodophyllotoxin can be developed as a novel and potent anticancer agent, especially as an alternative option for treatment of resistant tumors to chemotherapy.
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9
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Yan S, Li Q, Li S, Ai Z, Yuan D. The role of PFKFB3 in maintaining colorectal cancer cell proliferation and stemness. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:9877-9891. [PMID: 35553342 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07513-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Since generally confronting with the hypoxic and stressful microenvironment, cancer cells alter their glucose metabolism pattern to glycolysis to sustain the continuous proliferation and vigorous biological activities. Bifunctional 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase (PFK-2/FBPase-2) isoform 3 (PFKFB3) functions as an effectively modulator of glycolysis and also participates in regulating angiogenesis, cell death and cell stemness. Meanwhile, PFKFB3 is highly expressed in a variety of cancer cells, and can be activated by several regulatory factors, such as hypoxia, inflammation and cellular signals. In colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, PFKFB3 not only has the property of high expression, but also probably relate to inflammation-cancer transformation. Recent studies indicate that PFKFB3 is involved in chemoradiotherapy resistance as well, such as breast cancer, endometrial cancer and CRC. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are self-renewable cell types that contribute to oncogenesis, metastasis and relapse. Several studies indicate that CSCs utilize glycolysis to fulfill their energetic and biosynthetic demands in order to maintain rapid proliferation and adapt to the tumor microenvironment changes. In addition, elevated PFKFB3 has been reported to correlate with self-renewal and metastatic outgrowth in numerous kinds of CSCs. This review summarizes our current understanding of PFKFB3 roles in modulating cancer metabolism to maintain cell proliferation and stemness, and discusses its feasibility as a potential target for the discovery of antineoplastic agents, especially in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology in Universities of Shandong, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China.
| | - Qianqian Li
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology in Universities of Shandong, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Shi Li
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology in Universities of Shandong, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Zhiying Ai
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology in Universities of Shandong, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Dongdong Yuan
- Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ji'nan, 250101, China
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10
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Jones BC, Pohlmann PR, Clarke R, Sengupta S. Treatment against glucose-dependent cancers through metabolic PFKFB3 targeting of glycolytic flux. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 41:447-458. [PMID: 35419769 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10027-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Reprogrammed metabolism and high energy demand are well-established properties of cancer cells that enable tumor growth. Glycolysis is a primary metabolic pathway that supplies this increased energy demand, leading to a high rate of glycolytic flux and a greater dependence on glucose in tumor cells. Finding safe and effective means to control glycolytic flux and curb cancer cell proliferation has gained increasing interest in recent years. A critical step in glycolysis is controlled by the enzyme 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3), which converts fructose 6-phosphate (F6P) to fructose 2,6-bisphosphate (F2,6BP). F2,6BP allosterically activates the rate-limiting step of glycolysis catalyzed by PFK1 enzyme. PFKFB3 is often overexpressed in many human cancers including pancreatic, colon, prostate, and breast cancer. Hence, PFKFB3 has gained increased interest as a compelling therapeutic target. In this review, we summarize and discuss the current knowledge of PFKFB3 functions, its role in cellular pathways and cancer development, its transcriptional and post-translational activity regulation, and the multiple pharmacologic inhibitors that have been used to block PFKFB3 activity in cancer cells. While much remains to be learned, PFKFB3 continues to hold great promise as an important therapeutic target either as a single agent or in combination with current interventions for breast and other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon C Jones
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, 3970 Reservoir Rd NW, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Paula R Pohlmann
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 1354, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Robert Clarke
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Ave NE, Austin, MN, 55912, USA
| | - Surojeet Sengupta
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Ave NE, Austin, MN, 55912, USA.
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11
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Zlacká J, Zeman M. Glycolysis under Circadian Control. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413666. [PMID: 34948470 PMCID: PMC8703893 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycolysis is considered a main metabolic pathway in highly proliferative cells, including endothelial, epithelial, immune, and cancer cells. Although oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is more efficient in ATP production per mole of glucose, proliferative cells rely predominantly on aerobic glycolysis, which generates ATP faster compared to OXPHOS and provides anabolic substrates to support cell proliferation and migration. Cellular metabolism, including glucose metabolism, is under strong circadian control. Circadian clocks control a wide array of metabolic processes, including glycolysis, which exhibits a distinct circadian pattern. In this review, we discuss circadian regulations during metabolic reprogramming and key steps of glycolysis in activated, highly proliferative cells. We suggest that the inhibition of metabolic reprogramming in the circadian manner can provide some advantages in the inhibition of oxidative glycolysis and a chronopharmacological approach is a promising way to treat diseases associated with up-regulated glycolysis.
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