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Potaczek DP, Bazan-Socha S, Wypasek E, Wygrecka M, Garn H. Recent Developments in the Role of Histone Acetylation in Asthma. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2024; 185:641-651. [PMID: 38522416 DOI: 10.1159/000536460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic modifications are known to mediate both beneficial and unfavorable effects of environmental exposures on the development and clinical course of asthma. On the molecular level, epigenetic mechanisms participate in multiple aspects of the emerging and ongoing asthma pathology. SUMMARY Studies performed in the last several years expand our knowledge on the role of histone acetylation, a classical epigenetic mark, in the regulation of (patho)physiological processes of diverse cells playing a central role in asthma, including those belonging to the immune system (e.g., CD4+ T cells, macrophages) and lung structure (e.g., airway epithelial cells, pulmonary fibroblasts). Those studies demonstrate a number of specific histone acetylation-associated mechanisms and pathways underlying pathological processes characteristic for asthma, as well as report their modification modalities. KEY MESSAGES Dietary modulation of histone acetylation levels in the immune system might protect against the development of asthma and other allergies. Interfering with the enzymes controlling the histone acetylation status of structural lung and (local) immune cells might provide future therapeutic options for asthmatics. Despite some methodological obstacles, analysis of the histone acetylation levels might improve asthma diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Potaczek
- Translational Inflammation Research Division and Core Facility for Single Cell Multiomics, Medical Faculty, Philipps University of Marburg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) and the Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Marburg, Germany
- Center for Infection and Genomics of the Lung (CIGL), Member of the Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen, Germany
- Bioscientia MVZ Labor Mittelhessen GmbH, Giessen, Germany
| | - Stanisława Bazan-Socha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewa Wypasek
- Krakow Center for Medical Research and Technology, John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, Poland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Wygrecka
- Center for Infection and Genomics of the Lung (CIGL), Member of the Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen, Germany
- Institute of Lung Health, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- CSL Behring Innovation GmbH, Marburg, Germany
| | - Holger Garn
- Translational Inflammation Research Division and Core Facility for Single Cell Multiomics, Medical Faculty, Philipps University of Marburg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) and the Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Marburg, Germany
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Martín-Cruz L, Benito-Villalvilla C, Sirvent S, Angelina A, Palomares O. The Role of Regulatory T Cells in Allergic Diseases: Collegium Internationale Allergologicum (CIA) Update 2024. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2024; 185:503-518. [PMID: 38408438 DOI: 10.1159/000536335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergy represents a major health problem of increasing prevalence worldwide with a high socioeconomic impact. Our knowledge on the molecular mechanisms underlying allergic diseases and their treatments has significantly improved over the last years. The generation of allergen-specific regulatory T cells (Tregs) is crucial in the induction of healthy immune responses to allergens, preventing the development and worsening of allergic diseases. SUMMARY In the last decades, intensive research has focused on the study of the molecular mechanisms involved in Treg development and Treg-mediated suppression. These mechanisms are essential for the induction of sustained tolerance by allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) after treatment discontinuation. Compelling experimental evidence demonstrated altered suppressive capacity of Tregs in patients suffering from allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, food allergy, or atopic dermatitis, as well as the restoration of their numbers and functionality after successful AIT. KEY MESSAGE The better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in Treg generation during allergen tolerance induction might well contribute to the development of novel strategies for the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Martín-Cruz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Chemistry, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Benito-Villalvilla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Chemistry, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sofía Sirvent
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Chemistry, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Angelina
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Chemistry, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Palomares
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Chemistry, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
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Hu M, Alashkar Alhamwe B, Santner-Nanan B, Miethe S, Harb H, Renz H, Potaczek DP, Nanan RK. Short-Chain Fatty Acids Augment Differentiation and Function of Human Induced Regulatory T Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105740. [PMID: 35628549 PMCID: PMC9143307 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) control immune system activity and inhibit inflammation. While, in mice, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are known to be essential regulators of naturally occurring and in vitro induced Tregs (iTregs), data on their contribution to the development of human iTregs are sparse, with no reports of the successful SCFAs-augmented in vitro generation of fully functional human iTregs. Likewise, markers undoubtedly defining human iTregs are missing. Here, we aimed to generate fully functional human iTregs in vitro using protocols involving SCFAs and to characterize the underlying mechanism. Our target was to identify the potential phenotypic markers best characterizing human iTregs. Naïve non-Treg CD4+ cells were isolated from the peripheral blood of 13 healthy adults and cord blood of 12 healthy term newborns. Cells were subjected to differentiation toward iTregs using a transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)-based protocol, with or without SCFAs (acetate, butyrate, or propionate). Thereafter, they were subjected to flow cytometric phenotyping or a suppression assay. During differentiation, cells were collected for chromatin-immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-based analysis of histone acetylation. The enrichment of the TGF-β-based protocol with butyrate or propionate potentiated the in vitro differentiation of human naïve CD4+ non-Tregs towards iTregs and augmented the suppressive capacity of the latter. These seemed to be at least partly underlain by the effects of SCFAs on the histone acetylation levels in differentiating cells. GITR, ICOS, CD39, PD-1, and PD-L1 were proven to be potential markers of human iTregs. Our results might boost the further development of Treg-based therapies against autoimmune, allergic and other chronic inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjing Hu
- Charles Perkins Centre Nepean, Sydney Medical School Nepean, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2747, Australia; (M.H.); (B.S.-N.)
- International Inflammation (in-VIVO) Network, Worldwide Universities Network (WUN), West New York, NJ 10001, USA; (B.A.A.); (H.H.); (H.R.); (D.P.P.)
- Discipline of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Neonatology, Sydney Medical School Nepean, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2747, Australia
- Nepean Hospital, Derby Street, Kingswood, NSW 2747, Australia
| | - Bilal Alashkar Alhamwe
- International Inflammation (in-VIVO) Network, Worldwide Universities Network (WUN), West New York, NJ 10001, USA; (B.A.A.); (H.H.); (H.R.); (D.P.P.)
- Institute for Tumor Immunology, Clinic for Hematology, Immunology, and Oncology, Philipps University Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Philipps University of Marburg-Medical Faculty, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), and the Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), 35043 Marburg, Germany;
- College of Pharmacy, International University for Science and Technology (IUST), Daraa 15, Syria
| | - Brigitte Santner-Nanan
- Charles Perkins Centre Nepean, Sydney Medical School Nepean, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2747, Australia; (M.H.); (B.S.-N.)
- International Inflammation (in-VIVO) Network, Worldwide Universities Network (WUN), West New York, NJ 10001, USA; (B.A.A.); (H.H.); (H.R.); (D.P.P.)
| | - Sarah Miethe
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Philipps University of Marburg-Medical Faculty, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), and the Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), 35043 Marburg, Germany;
- Translational Inflammation Research Division & Core Facility for Single Cell Multiomics, Philipps University of Marburg-Medical Faculty, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) and the Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Hani Harb
- International Inflammation (in-VIVO) Network, Worldwide Universities Network (WUN), West New York, NJ 10001, USA; (B.A.A.); (H.H.); (H.R.); (D.P.P.)
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Philipps University of Marburg-Medical Faculty, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), and the Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), 35043 Marburg, Germany;
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Medical Faculty, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Harald Renz
- International Inflammation (in-VIVO) Network, Worldwide Universities Network (WUN), West New York, NJ 10001, USA; (B.A.A.); (H.H.); (H.R.); (D.P.P.)
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Philipps University of Marburg-Medical Faculty, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), and the Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), 35043 Marburg, Germany;
| | - Daniel P. Potaczek
- International Inflammation (in-VIVO) Network, Worldwide Universities Network (WUN), West New York, NJ 10001, USA; (B.A.A.); (H.H.); (H.R.); (D.P.P.)
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Philipps University of Marburg-Medical Faculty, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), and the Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), 35043 Marburg, Germany;
- Translational Inflammation Research Division & Core Facility for Single Cell Multiomics, Philipps University of Marburg-Medical Faculty, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) and the Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Ralph K. Nanan
- Charles Perkins Centre Nepean, Sydney Medical School Nepean, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2747, Australia; (M.H.); (B.S.-N.)
- International Inflammation (in-VIVO) Network, Worldwide Universities Network (WUN), West New York, NJ 10001, USA; (B.A.A.); (H.H.); (H.R.); (D.P.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-2-4734-2612; Fax: +61-2-4734-1144
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