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Pascal W, Smoliński A, Gotowiec M, Wojtkiewicz M, Stachura A, Pełka K, Kopka M, Quinn KP, Woessner AE, Grzelecki D, Włodarski P. Pre-Incisional and Multiple Intradermal Injection of N-Acetylcysteine Slightly Improves Incisional Wound Healing in an Animal Model. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5200. [PMID: 38791242 PMCID: PMC11121603 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate if delivering multiple doses of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) post-surgery in addition to pre-incisional administration significantly impacts the wound healing process in a rat model. Full-thickness skin incisions were carried out on the dorsum of 24 Sprague-Dawley rats in six locations. Fifteen minutes prior to the incision, half of the sites were treated with a control solution, with the wounds on the contralateral side treated with solutions containing 0.015%, 0.03% and 0.045% of NAC. In the case of the NAC treated group, further injections were given every 8 h for three days. On days 3, 7, 14 and 60 post-op, rats were sacrificed to gather material for the histological analysis, which included histomorphometry, collagen fiber organization analysis, immunohistochemistry and Abramov scale scoring. It was determined that scars treated with 0.015% NAC had significantly lower reepithelization than the control at day 60 post-op (p = 0.0018). Scars treated with 0.045% NAC had a significantly lower collagen fiber variance compared to 0.015% NAC at day 14 post-op (p = 0.02 and p = 0.04) and a lower mean scar width than the control at day 60 post-op (p = 0.0354 and p = 0.0224). No significant differences in the recruitment of immune cells and histological parameters were found. The results point to a limited efficacy of multiple NAC injections post-surgery in wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiktor Pascal
- Department of Methodology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (A.S.); (M.G.); (M.W.); (A.S.); (K.P.); (M.K.); (P.W.)
| | - Antoni Smoliński
- Department of Methodology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (A.S.); (M.G.); (M.W.); (A.S.); (K.P.); (M.K.); (P.W.)
| | - Mateusz Gotowiec
- Department of Methodology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (A.S.); (M.G.); (M.W.); (A.S.); (K.P.); (M.K.); (P.W.)
| | - Marta Wojtkiewicz
- Department of Methodology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (A.S.); (M.G.); (M.W.); (A.S.); (K.P.); (M.K.); (P.W.)
| | - Albert Stachura
- Department of Methodology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (A.S.); (M.G.); (M.W.); (A.S.); (K.P.); (M.K.); (P.W.)
- Doctoral School, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kacper Pełka
- Department of Methodology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (A.S.); (M.G.); (M.W.); (A.S.); (K.P.); (M.K.); (P.W.)
| | - Michał Kopka
- Department of Methodology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (A.S.); (M.G.); (M.W.); (A.S.); (K.P.); (M.K.); (P.W.)
- Doctoral School, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kyle P. Quinn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; (K.P.Q.); (A.E.W.)
| | - Alan E. Woessner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; (K.P.Q.); (A.E.W.)
| | - Dariusz Grzelecki
- Department of Orthopedics and Rheumoorthopedics, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Professor Adam Gruca Orthopedic and Trauma Teaching Hospital, 05-400 Otwock, Poland;
| | - Paweł Włodarski
- Department of Methodology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (A.S.); (M.G.); (M.W.); (A.S.); (K.P.); (M.K.); (P.W.)
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Li G, Li D, Wu C, Li S, Chen F, Li P, Ko CN, Wang W, Lee SMY, Lin L, Ma DL, Leung CH. Homocysteine-targeting compounds as a new treatment strategy for diabetic wounds via inhibition of the histone methyltransferase SET7/9. EXPERIMENTAL & MOLECULAR MEDICINE 2022; 54:988-998. [PMID: 35859119 PMCID: PMC9356058 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00804-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In hypoxia and hyperglycemia, SET7/9 plays an important role in controlling HIF-1α methylation and regulating the transcription of HIF-1α target genes, which are responsible for angiogenesis and wound healing. Here, we report the Ir(III) complex Set7_1a bearing acetonitrile (ACN) ligands as a SET7/9 methyltransferase inhibitor and HIF-1α stabilizer. Interestingly, Set7_1a could engage SET7/9 and strongly inhibit SET7/9 activity, especially after preincubation with homocysteine (Hcy), which is elevated in diabetes. We hypothesize that Set7_1a exchanges ACN subunits for Hcy to disrupt the interaction between SET7/9 and SAM/SAH, which are structurally related to Hcy. Inhibition of SET7/9 methyltransferase activity by Set7_1a led to reduced HIF-1α methylation at the lysine 32 residue, causing increased HIF-1α level and recruitment of HIF-1α target genes that promote angiogenesis, such as VEGF, GLUT1, and EPO, in hypoxia and hyperglycemia. Significantly, Set7_1a improved wound healing in a type 2 diabetic mouse model by activating HIF-1α signaling and downstream proangiogenic factors. To our knowledge, this is the first Hcy-targeting iridium compound shown to be a SET7/9 antagonist that can accelerate diabetic wound healing. More importantly, this study opens a therapeutic avenue for the treatment of diabetic wounds by the inhibition of SET7/9 lysine methyltransferase activity. Animal trials have demonstrated the potential of a new drug strategy to heal the wounds associated with diabetes, especially in the feet,which often lead to chronic damage, sometimes treatable only by amputation. Leung CH and Lin L at the University of Macau, China, and Ma DL at the Hong Kong Baptist University tested the new therapy on a mouse model of type 2 diabetes. The treatment uses a homocysteine-targeting metal complex that inhibits a key enzyme SET7/9 involved in the processes that cause diabetic wounds. The treatment activated a molecular signalling cascade involved in generating the new blood vessels needed for wounds to heal. It could help address the urgent need for better treatments for this serious problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.,Zhuhai UM Science and Technology Research Institute, Zhuhai, 519031, China
| | - Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Chun Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shengnan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Chung-Nga Ko
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wanhe Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Simon Ming-Yuen Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Ligen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
| | - Dik-Lung Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Chung-Hang Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China. .,Zhuhai UM Science and Technology Research Institute, Zhuhai, 519031, China. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
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