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Buriti BMADB, Figueiredo PLB, Passos MF, da Silva JKR. Polymer-Based Wound Dressings Loaded with Essential Oil for the Treatment of Wounds: A Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:897. [PMID: 39065747 PMCID: PMC11279661 DOI: 10.3390/ph17070897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Wound healing can result in complex problems, and discovering an effective method to improve the healing process is essential. Polymeric biomaterials have structures similar to those identified in the extracellular matrix of the tissue to be regenerated and also avoid chronic inflammation, and immunological reactions. To obtain smart and effective dressings, bioactive agents, such as essential oils, are also used to promote a wide range of biological properties, which can accelerate the healing process. Therefore, we intend to explore advances in the potential for applying hybrid materials in wound healing. For this, fifty scientific articles dated from 2010 to 2023 were investigated using the Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, and PubMed databases. The principles of the healing process, use of polymers, type and properties of essential oils and processing techniques, and characteristics of dressings were identified. Thus, the plants Syzygium romanticum or Eugenia caryophyllata, Origanum vulgare, and Cinnamomum zeylanicum present prospects for application in clinical trials due to their proven effects on wound healing and reducing the incidence of inflammatory cells in the site of injury. The antimicrobial effect of essential oils is mainly due to polyphenols and terpenes such as eugenol, cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol, and thymol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Michele A. de B. Buriti
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil;
| | - Pablo Luis B. Figueiredo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66079-420, PA, Brazil; (P.L.B.F.); (M.F.P.)
| | - Marcele Fonseca Passos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66079-420, PA, Brazil; (P.L.B.F.); (M.F.P.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Joyce Kelly R. da Silva
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil;
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
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Coppola B, Menotti F, Longo F, Banche G, Mandras N, Palmero P, Allizond V. New Generation of Osteoinductive and Antimicrobial Polycaprolactone-Based Scaffolds in Bone Tissue Engineering: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1668. [PMID: 38932017 PMCID: PMC11207319 DOI: 10.3390/polym16121668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
With respect to other fields, bone tissue engineering has significantly expanded in recent years, leading not only to relevant advances in biomedical applications but also to innovative perspectives. Polycaprolactone (PCL), produced in the beginning of the 1930s, is a biocompatible and biodegradable polymer. Due to its mechanical and physicochemical features, as well as being easily shapeable, PCL-based constructs can be produced with different shapes and degradation kinetics. Moreover, due to various development processes, PCL can be made as 3D scaffolds or fibres for bone tissue regeneration applications. This outstanding biopolymer is versatile because it can be modified by adding agents with antimicrobial properties, not only antibiotics/antifungals, but also metal ions or natural compounds. In addition, to ameliorate its osteoproliferative features, it can be blended with calcium phosphates. This review is an overview of the current state of our recent investigation into PCL modifications designed to impair microbial adhesive capability and, in parallel, to allow eukaryotic cell viability and integration, in comparison with previous reviews and excellent research papers. Our recent results demonstrated that the developed 3D constructs had a high interconnected porosity, and the addition of biphasic calcium phosphate improved human cell attachment and proliferation. The incorporation of alternative antimicrobials-for instance, silver and essential oils-at tuneable concentrations counteracted microbial growth and biofilm formation, without affecting eukaryotic cells' viability. Notably, this challenging research area needs the multidisciplinary work of material scientists, biologists, and orthopaedic surgeons to determine the most suitable modifications on biomaterials to design favourable 3D scaffolds based on PCL for the targeted healing of damaged bone tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartolomeo Coppola
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy; (B.C.); (P.P.)
| | - Francesca Menotti
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy; (F.M.); (N.M.); (V.A.)
| | - Fabio Longo
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy; (F.M.); (N.M.); (V.A.)
| | - Giuliana Banche
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy; (F.M.); (N.M.); (V.A.)
| | - Narcisa Mandras
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy; (F.M.); (N.M.); (V.A.)
| | - Paola Palmero
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy; (B.C.); (P.P.)
| | - Valeria Allizond
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy; (F.M.); (N.M.); (V.A.)
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Periferakis A, Periferakis AT, Troumpata L, Dragosloveanu S, Timofticiuc IA, Georgatos-Garcia S, Scheau AE, Periferakis K, Caruntu A, Badarau IA, Scheau C, Caruntu C. Use of Biomaterials in 3D Printing as a Solution to Microbial Infections in Arthroplasty and Osseous Reconstruction. Biomimetics (Basel) 2024; 9:154. [PMID: 38534839 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9030154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence of microbial infections in orthopedic prosthetic surgeries is a perennial problem that increases morbidity and mortality, representing one of the major complications of such medical interventions. The emergence of novel technologies, especially 3D printing, represents a promising avenue of development for reducing the risk of such eventualities. There are already a host of biomaterials, suitable for 3D printing, that are being tested for antimicrobial properties when they are coated with bioactive compounds, such as antibiotics, or combined with hydrogels with antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, such as chitosan and metal nanoparticles, among others. The materials discussed in the context of this paper comprise beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), hydroxyapatite, lithium disilicate glass, polyetheretherketone (PEEK), poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF), poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC), and zirconia. While the recent research results are promising, further development is required to address the increasing antibiotic resistance exhibited by several common pathogens, the potential for fungal infections, and the potential toxicity of some metal nanoparticles. Other solutions, like the incorporation of phytochemicals, should also be explored. Incorporating artificial intelligence (AI) in the development of certain orthopedic implants and the potential use of AI against bacterial infections might represent viable solutions to these problems. Finally, there are some legal considerations associated with the use of biomaterials and the widespread use of 3D printing, which must be taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argyrios Periferakis
- Department of Physiology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Akadimia of Ancient Greek and Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16675 Athens, Greece
- Elkyda, Research & Education Centre of Charismatheia, 17675 Athens, Greece
| | - Aristodemos-Theodoros Periferakis
- Department of Physiology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Elkyda, Research & Education Centre of Charismatheia, 17675 Athens, Greece
| | - Lamprini Troumpata
- Department of Physiology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Serban Dragosloveanu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Orthopaedics, "Foisor" Clinical Hospital of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Osteoarticular TB, 021382 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Iosif-Aliodor Timofticiuc
- Department of Physiology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Spyrangelos Georgatos-Garcia
- Tilburg Institute for Law, Technology, and Society (TILT), Tilburg University, 5037 DE Tilburg, The Netherlands
- Corvers Greece IKE, 15124 Athens, Greece
| | - Andreea-Elena Scheau
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Konstantinos Periferakis
- Akadimia of Ancient Greek and Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16675 Athens, Greece
- Pan-Hellenic Organization of Educational Programs (P.O.E.P.), 17236 Athens, Greece
| | - Ana Caruntu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, "Carol Davila" Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Anca Badarau
- Department of Physiology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Scheau
- Department of Physiology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, "Foisor" Clinical Hospital of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Osteoarticular TB, 021382 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Constantin Caruntu
- Department of Physiology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Dermatology, "Prof. N.C. Paulescu" National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 011233 Bucharest, Romania
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Menotti F, Scutera S, Maniscalco E, Coppola B, Bondi A, Costa C, Longo F, Mandras N, Pagano C, Cavallo L, Banche G, Malandrino M, Palmero P, Allizond V. Is Silver Addition to Scaffolds Based on Polycaprolactone Blended with Calcium Phosphates Able to Inhibit Candida albicans and Candida auris Adhesion and Biofilm Formation? Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2784. [PMID: 38474027 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Candida spp. periprosthetic joint infections are rare but difficult-to-treat events, with a slow onset, unspecific symptoms or signs, and a significant relapse risk. Treatment with antifungals meets with little success, whereas prosthesis removal improves the outcome. In fact, Candida spp. adhere to orthopedic devices and grow forming biofilms that contribute to the persistence of this infection and relapse, and there is insufficient evidence that the use of antifungals has additional benefits for anti-biofilm activity. To date, studies on the direct antifungal activity of silver against Candida spp. are still scanty. Additionally, polycaprolactone (PCL), either pure or blended with calcium phosphate, could be a good candidate for the design of 3D scaffolds as engineered bone graft substitutes. Thus, the present research aimed to assess the antifungal and anti-biofilm activity of PCL-based constructs by the addition of antimicrobials, for instance, silver, against C. albicans and C. auris. The appearance of an inhibition halo around silver-functionalized PCL scaffolds for both C. albicans and C. auris was revealed, and a significant decrease in both adherent and planktonic yeasts further demonstrated the release of Ag+ from the 3D constructs. Due to the combined antifungal, osteoproliferative, and biodegradable properties, PCL-based 3D scaffolds enriched with silver showed good potential for bone tissue engineering and offer a promising strategy as an ideal anti-adhesive and anti-biofilm tool for the reduction in prosthetic joints of infections caused by Candida spp. by using antimicrobial molecule-targeted delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Menotti
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Sara Scutera
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Eleonora Maniscalco
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Bartolomeo Coppola
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bondi
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Cristina Costa
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Fabio Longo
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Narcisa Mandras
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Claudia Pagano
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Lorenza Cavallo
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Giuliana Banche
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Mery Malandrino
- Department of Chemistry, NIS Interdepartmental Centre, University of Torino, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Palmero
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Valeria Allizond
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
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Miele D, Ruggeri M, Vigani B, Viseras C, Natali F, Del Favero E, Rossi S, Sandri G. Nanoclay-Doped Electrospun Nanofibers for Tissue Engineering: Investigation on the Structural Modifications in Physiological Environment. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:7695-7710. [PMID: 38111847 PMCID: PMC10726802 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s431862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Clay minerals are nanomaterials that have recently been recognized as enabling excipients that can promote cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. When nanoclays are loaded in a 3D polymeric nanostructure, the cell-substrate interaction is enhanced, and other bioactive properties are optimized. Purpose In this study, hectorite (HEC)- and montmorillonite (MMT)-doped polymeric scaffolds were explored for the treatment of deep and chronic skin lesions. Methods Scaffolds were manufactured by means of electrospinning and then crosslinked by heating. Physicochemical analyses were correlated with in vitro biopharmaceutical characterization to predict the in vivo fate of the clay-doped scaffolds. Results and Discussion The addition of MMT or HEC to the polymeric scaffold framework modifies the surface arrangement and, consequently, the potential of the scaffolds to interact with biological proteins. The presence of nanoclays alters the nanofiber morphology and size, and MMT doping increases wettability and protein adhesion. This has an impact on fibroblast behavior in a shorter time since scaffold stiffness facilitates cell adhesion and cell proliferation. Conclusion MMT proved to perform better than HEC, and this could be related to its higher hydrophilicity and protein adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalila Miele
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Ruggeri
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Barbara Vigani
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Cesar Viseras
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Elena Del Favero
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Segrate Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia Rossi
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Menotti F, Scutera S, Coppola B, Longo F, Mandras N, Cavallo L, Comini S, Sparti R, Fiume E, Cuffini AM, Banche G, Palmero P, Allizond V. Tuning of Silver Content on the Antibacterial and Biological Properties of Poly(ɛ-caprolactone)/Biphasic Calcium Phosphate 3D-Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3618. [PMID: 37688244 PMCID: PMC10489712 DOI: 10.3390/polym15173618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a growing interest in tissue engineering, in which biomaterials play a pivotal role in promoting bone regeneration. Furthermore, smart functionalization can provide biomaterials with the additional role of preventing orthopedic infections. Due to the growing microbial resistance to antimicrobials used to treat those infections, metal ions, such as silver, thanks to their known wide range of bactericidal properties, are believed to be promising additives in developing antibacterial biomaterials. In this work, novel poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)-based 3D scaffolds have been designed and developed, where the polymer matrix was modified with both silver (Ag), to supply antibacterial behavior, and calcium phosphates (biphasic calcium phosphate, BCP) particles to impart bioactive/bioresorbable properties. The microstructural analysis showed that constructs were characterized by square-shaped macropores, in line with the morphology and size of the templating salts used as pore formers. Degradation tests demonstrated the important role of calcium phosphates in improving PCL hydrophilicity, leading to a higher degradation degree for BCP/PCL composites compared to the neat polymer after 18 days of soaking. The appearance of an inhibition halo around the silver-functionalized PCL scaffolds for assayed microorganisms and a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in both adherent and planktonic bacteria demonstrate the Ag+ release from the 3D constructs. Furthermore, the PCL scaffolds enriched with the lowest silver percentages did not hamper the viability and proliferation of Saos-2 cells. A synergic combination of antimicrobial, osteoproliferative and biodegradable features provided to 3D scaffolds the required potential for bone tissue engineering, beside anti-microbial properties for reduction in prosthetic joints infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Menotti
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy; (F.M.); (S.S.); (F.L.); (N.M.); (L.C.); (R.S.); (A.M.C.); (V.A.)
| | - Sara Scutera
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy; (F.M.); (S.S.); (F.L.); (N.M.); (L.C.); (R.S.); (A.M.C.); (V.A.)
| | - Bartolomeo Coppola
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy; (B.C.); (P.P.)
| | - Fabio Longo
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy; (F.M.); (S.S.); (F.L.); (N.M.); (L.C.); (R.S.); (A.M.C.); (V.A.)
| | - Narcisa Mandras
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy; (F.M.); (S.S.); (F.L.); (N.M.); (L.C.); (R.S.); (A.M.C.); (V.A.)
| | - Lorenza Cavallo
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy; (F.M.); (S.S.); (F.L.); (N.M.); (L.C.); (R.S.); (A.M.C.); (V.A.)
| | - Sara Comini
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy; (F.M.); (S.S.); (F.L.); (N.M.); (L.C.); (R.S.); (A.M.C.); (V.A.)
| | - Rosaria Sparti
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy; (F.M.); (S.S.); (F.L.); (N.M.); (L.C.); (R.S.); (A.M.C.); (V.A.)
| | - Elisa Fiume
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy; (B.C.); (P.P.)
| | - Anna Maria Cuffini
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy; (F.M.); (S.S.); (F.L.); (N.M.); (L.C.); (R.S.); (A.M.C.); (V.A.)
| | - Giuliana Banche
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy; (F.M.); (S.S.); (F.L.); (N.M.); (L.C.); (R.S.); (A.M.C.); (V.A.)
| | - Paola Palmero
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy; (B.C.); (P.P.)
| | - Valeria Allizond
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy; (F.M.); (S.S.); (F.L.); (N.M.); (L.C.); (R.S.); (A.M.C.); (V.A.)
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Facile One-Step Electrospinning Process to Prepare AgNPs-Loaded PLA and PLA/PEO Mats with Antibacterial Activity. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15061470. [PMID: 36987250 PMCID: PMC10056252 DOI: 10.3390/polym15061470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanofibers can play an important role in developing new kinds of medical applications. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and PLA/poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) antibacterial mats containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were prepared by a simple one-step electrospinning method that allows AgNPs to be synthesized simultaneously with the preparation of the electrospinning solution. The electrospun nanofibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and thermogravimetry, while silver release over time was monitored by inductively coupled plasma/optical emission spectroscopy. The antibacterial activity was tested against Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli by colony forming unit (CFU) count on agar after 15, 24 and 48 h of incubation. AgNPs were found to be mainly concentrated in the PLA nanofiber core, and the mats showed steady but slow Ag release in the short term; in contrast, AgNPs were uniformly distributed in the PLA/PEO nanofibers, which released up to 20% of their initial silver content in 12 h. A significant (p < 0.05) antimicrobial effect towards both tested bacteria, highlighted by a reduction in the CFU/mL counts, was observed for the nanofibers of PLA and PLA/PEO embedded with AgNPs, with a stronger effect exerted by the latter, confirming the more efficient silver release from these samples. The prepared electrospun mats may have good potential for use in the biomedical field, particularly in wound dressing applications, where a targeted delivery of the antimicrobial agent is highly desirable to avoid infections.
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Mercatali L, Vanni S, Miserocchi G, Liverani C, Spadazzi C, Cocchi C, Calabrese C, Gurrieri L, Fausti V, Riva N, Genovese D, Lucarelli E, Focarete ML, Ibrahim T, Calabrò L, De Vita A. The emerging role of cancer nanotechnology in the panorama of sarcoma. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:953555. [PMID: 36324885 PMCID: PMC9618700 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.953555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the field of nanomedicine a multitude of nanovectors have been developed for cancer application. In this regard, a less exploited target is represented by connective tissue. Sarcoma lesions encompass a wide range of rare entities of mesenchymal origin affecting connective tissues. The extraordinary diversity and rarity of these mesenchymal tumors is reflected in their classification, grading and management which are still challenging. Although they include more than 70 histologic subtypes, the first line-treatment for advanced and metastatic sarcoma has remained unchanged in the last fifty years, excluding specific histotypes in which targeted therapy has emerged. The role of chemotherapy has not been completely elucidated and the outcomes are still very limited. At the beginning of the century, nano-sized particles clinically approved for other solid lesions were tested in these neoplasms but the results were anecdotal and the clinical benefit was not substantial. Recently, a new nanosystem formulation NBTXR3 for the treatment of sarcoma has landed in a phase 2-3 trial. The preliminary results are encouraging and could open new avenues for research in nanotechnology. This review provides an update on the recent advancements in the field of nanomedicine for sarcoma. In this regard, preclinical evidence especially focusing on the development of smart materials and drug delivery systems will be summarized. Moreover, the sarcoma patient management exploiting nanotechnology products will be summed up. Finally, an overlook on future perspectives will be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Mercatali
- Osteoncology Unit, Bioscience Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy
| | - Silvia Vanni
- Osteoncology Unit, Bioscience Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy
| | - Giacomo Miserocchi
- Osteoncology Unit, Bioscience Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy
| | - Chiara Liverani
- Osteoncology Unit, Bioscience Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy
| | - Chiara Spadazzi
- Osteoncology Unit, Bioscience Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy
| | - Claudia Cocchi
- Osteoncology Unit, Bioscience Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy
| | - Chiara Calabrese
- Osteoncology Unit, Bioscience Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy
| | - Lorena Gurrieri
- Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Immunotherapy, Rare Cancers and Biological Resource Center, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy
| | - Valentina Fausti
- Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Immunotherapy, Rare Cancers and Biological Resource Center, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy
| | - Nada Riva
- Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Immunotherapy, Rare Cancers and Biological Resource Center, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy
| | - Damiano Genovese
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Enrico Lucarelli
- Osteoncologia, Sarcomi dell’osso e dei tessuti molli, e Terapie Innovative, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Toni Ibrahim
- Osteoncologia, Sarcomi dell’osso e dei tessuti molli, e Terapie Innovative, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luana Calabrò
- Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Immunotherapy, Rare Cancers and Biological Resource Center, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy
| | - Alessandro De Vita
- Osteoncology Unit, Bioscience Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy
- *Correspondence: Alessandro De Vita,
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Comini S, Scutera S, Sparti R, Banche G, Coppola B, Bertea CM, Bianco G, Gatti N, Cuffini AM, Palmero P, Allizond V. Combination of Poly(ε-Caprolactone) Biomaterials and Essential Oils to Achieve Anti-Bacterial and Osteo-Proliferative Properties for 3D-Scaffolds in Regenerative Medicine. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091873. [PMID: 36145620 PMCID: PMC9506294 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomedical implants, an essential part of the medical treatments, still suffer from bacterial infections that hamper patients’ recovery and lives. Antibiotics are widely used to cure those infections but brought antibiotic resistance. Essential oils (EOs) demonstrate excellent antimicrobial activity and low resistance development risk. However, EO application in medicine is still quite scarce and almost no research work considers its use in combination with bioresorbable biomaterials, such as the poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) polymer. This work aimed to combine the antibacterial properties of EOs and their components, particularly eugenol and cinnamon oil, against Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis and Escherichia coli, with those of PCL for medical applications in which good tissue regeneration and antimicrobial effects are required. The PCL porous scaffolds, added with increasing (from 30% to 50%) concentrations of eugenol and cinnamon oil, were characterized by square-shaped macropores. Saos-2 cells’ cell viability/proliferation was hampered by 40 and 50% EO-enriched PCL, whereas no cytotoxic effect was recorded for both 30% EO-added PCL and pure-PCL. The antibacterial tests revealed the presence of a small inhibition halo around the 30% eugenol and cinnamon oil-functionalized PCL scaffolds only for staphylococci, whereas a significant decrease on both adherent and planktonic bacteria was recorded for all the three microorganisms, thus proving that, even if the EOs are only in part released by the EO-added PCL scaffolds, an anti-adhesive feature is anyway achieved. The scaffold will have the ability to support new tissue formation and simultaneously will be able to prevent post-surgical infection. This research shows the great potential in the use of EOs or their single components, at low concentrations, for biomaterial functionalization with enhanced anti-bacterial and biointegration properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Comini
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 9, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Sara Scutera
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 9, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Rosaria Sparti
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 9, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Giuliana Banche
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 9, 10126 Turin, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.B.); (A.M.C.); Tel.: +39-011-670-5627 (G.B.); +39-011-670-5638 (A.M.C.)
| | - Bartolomeo Coppola
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Cinzia Margherita Bertea
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Quarello 15/A, 10135 Turin, Italy
| | - Gabriele Bianco
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Corso Bramante 88/90, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Noemi Gatti
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Quarello 15/A, 10135 Turin, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Cuffini
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 9, 10126 Turin, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.B.); (A.M.C.); Tel.: +39-011-670-5627 (G.B.); +39-011-670-5638 (A.M.C.)
| | - Paola Palmero
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Valeria Allizond
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 9, 10126 Turin, Italy
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Translating Material Science into Bone Regenerative Medicine Applications: State-of-The Art Methods and Protocols. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169493. [PMID: 36012749 PMCID: PMC9409266 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last 20 years, bone regenerative research has experienced exponential growth thanks to the discovery of new nanomaterials and improved manufacturing technologies that have emerged in the biomedical field. This revolution demands standardization of methods employed for biomaterials characterization in order to achieve comparable, interoperable, and reproducible results. The exploited methods for characterization span from biophysics and biochemical techniques, including microscopy and spectroscopy, functional assays for biological properties, and molecular profiling. This review aims to provide scholars with a rapid handbook collecting multidisciplinary methods for bone substitute R&D and validation, getting sources from an up-to-date and comprehensive examination of the scientific landscape.
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Current Knowledge on Biomaterials for Orthopedic Applications Modified to Reduce Bacterial Adhesive Ability. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11040529. [PMID: 35453280 PMCID: PMC9024841 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11040529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A significant challenge in orthopedics is the design of biomaterial devices that are able to perform biological functions by substituting or repairing various tissues and controlling bone repair when required. This review presents an overview of the current state of our recent research into biomaterial modifications to reduce bacterial adhesive ability, compared with previous reviews and excellent research papers, but it is not intended to be exhaustive. In particular, we investigated biomaterials for replacement, such as metallic materials (titanium and titanium alloys) and polymers (ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene), and biomaterials for regeneration, such as poly(ε-caprolactone) and calcium phosphates as composites. Biomaterials have been designed, developed, and characterized to define surface/bulk features; they have also been subjected to bacterial adhesion assays to verify their potential capability to counteract infections. The addition of metal ions (e.g., silver), natural antimicrobial compounds (e.g., essential oils), or antioxidant agents (e.g., vitamin E) to different biomaterials conferred strong antibacterial properties and anti-adhesive features, improving their capability to counteract prosthetic joint infections and biofilm formation, which are important issues in orthopedic surgery. The complexity of biological materials is still far from being reached by materials science through the development of sophisticated biomaterials. However, close interdisciplinary work by materials scientists, engineers, microbiologists, chemists, physicists, and orthopedic surgeons is indeed necessary to modify the structures of biomaterials in order to achieve implant integration and tissue regeneration while avoiding microbial contamination.
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