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Hassan HM, El Safadi M, Mustfa W, Tehreem S, Antoniolli G, Mehreen A, Ali A, Al-Emam A. Pharmacotherapeutic potential of pratensein to avert metribuzin instigated hepatotoxicity via regulating TGF-β1, PI3K/Akt, Nrf-2/Keap-1 and NF-κB pathway. Tissue Cell 2024; 91:102635. [PMID: 39603025 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2024] [Revised: 11/14/2024] [Accepted: 11/19/2024] [Indexed: 11/29/2024]
Abstract
Metribuzin (MBN) is a selective herbicide that adversely damages the vital organs of the body including the liver. Pratensein (PTN) is a novel flavonoid that exhibits marvelous medicinal properties. This experimental trial commenced to elucidate the pharmacotherapeutic strength of PTN to counteract MBN provoked liver toxicity in rats. Thirty-six male albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) were categorized into four groups i.e., the control, MBN (133.33 mg/kg), MBN (133.33 mg/kg) + PTN (20 mg/kg) and PTN (20 mg/kg) alone treated group. Our findings revealed that MBN exposure promoted the expressions of Keap-1 as well as concentrations of ROS and MDA while reducing the gene expressions of Nrf-2 as well as activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione Peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GSR), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) contents. The levels of albumin and total proteins were reduced whereas the levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were enhanced following the MBN administration. Moreover, the gene expression of transforming growth Factor-β1 (TGF-β1), matrix metallopeptidase-2 (MMP-2), matrix metallopeptidase-9 (MMP-9), collagen, type I, alpha 1 and type-3 alpha were escalated in response to MBN intoxication. Furthermore, MBN administration cause a sudden upregulation in the levels of NF-κB, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 & COX-2. Besides, MBN exposure enhanced the gene expression of Bax and Caspase-3 while reducing the gene expression of PI3K, Akt and Bcl-2. Additionally, MBN exposure dysregulated the normal histology of liver. However, PTN treatment notably protected the hepatic tissues via regulating abovementioned dysregulations due to its marvelous ROS scavenging potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham M Hassan
- Department of pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud El Safadi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 15551, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Warda Mustfa
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shahaba Tehreem
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Arifa Mehreen
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Ali
- Department of Zoology, University of Education, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Ahmed Al-Emam
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Asir 61421, Saudi Arabia; Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Mansoura University, Egypt
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Zhan Z, Chen J, Zhou H, Hong X, Li L, Qin X, Fu H, Liu Y. Chronic alcohol consumption aggravates acute kidney injury through integrin β1/JNK signaling. Redox Biol 2024; 77:103386. [PMID: 39378615 PMCID: PMC11491727 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2024] [Accepted: 10/02/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Alcohol abuse is one of the major public health problems in the world and is associated with various health conditions. However, little is known about the effect of alcohol consumption on acute kidney injury (AKI). In this study, we demonstrate that chronic and binge alcohol feeding with a Lieber-DeCarli diet containing 5 % ethanol for 10 days, followed by a single dose of 31.5 % ethanol by gavage, aggravated AKI after ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in female, but not in male, mice. Kidney dysfunction, histopathology and tubular cell apoptosis were more severe in EtOH-fed female mice after IRI, compared to pair-fed controls. RNA sequencing and experimental validation uncovered that activation of integrin β1 and its downstream c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) aggravated AKI in EtOH-fed mice. Knockdown of integrin β1 inhibited JNK phosphorylation and alleviated AKI in EtOH-fed mice, whereas activation of integrin β1 by agonist antibody increased JNK phosphorylation, worsened renal histological injury and tubular cell apoptosis, and aggravated kidney dysfunction. In vitro, activation of integrin β1 increased JNK phosphorylation and induced tubular epithelial cell apoptosis. The detrimental effect of EtOH feeding was primarily mediated by acetaldehyde, as its levels were increased in the blood, liver and kidney of female mice fed with ethanol. Acetaldehyde per se activated integrin β1/JNK signaling and induced tubular cell apoptosis in vitro. These findings suggest that alcohol consumption increases vulnerability to AKI in female mice, which is probably mediated by acetaldehyde/integrin β1/JNK signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanji Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiongcheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianhui Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Youhua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China.
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Alaaeldin R, Eisa YA, El-Rehany MA, Fathy M. Vincamine alleviates intrahepatic cholestasis in rats through modulation of NF-kB/PDGF/klf6/PPARγ and PI3K/Akt pathways. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:7981-7994. [PMID: 38761209 PMCID: PMC11449999 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03119-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
The defect in the hepatobiliary transport system results in an impairment of bile flow, leading to accumulation of toxic compounds with subsequent liver disorders. Vincamine, a plant indole alkaloid that is utilized as a dietary supplement, has been known for its promising pharmacological activities. For the first time, the present study was planned to estimate, at the molecular level, the potentiality of vincamine against alfa-naphthyl isothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced hepatic cholestasis. Liver function tests were analyzed. Hepatic activity of SOD and levels of GSH and MDA were assessed. Hepatic contents of bax, bcl2, NF-kB, PPARγ, catalase, heme-oxygenase-1, NTCP, and BSEP were evaluated using ELISA. mRNA levels of NF-kB, IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα, PDGF, klf6, PPARγ, and P53 were examined using qRT-PCR. PI3K, Akt and cleaved caspase-3 proteins were assessed using western blotting. Histopathological analyses were performed using hematoxylin & eosin staining. ANIT-induced hepatic cholestasis elevated liver function tests, including AST, ALT, GGT, ALP, and total bilirubin. ANIT reduced the protein expression of NTCP and BSEP hepatic transporters. It induced the expression of the inflammatory genes, TNFα, IL-6, IL-1β, and PDGF, and the expression of NF-kB at the genetic and protein level and suppressed the anti-inflammatory genes, klf6 and PPARγ. Also, antioxidant markers were reduced during ANIT induction such as GSH, SOD, catalase, heme-oxygenase-1 and PI3K/Akt pathway, while MDA levels were elevated. Furthermore, the expression of P53 gene, bax and cleaved caspase 3 proteins were activated, while bcl2 was inhibited. Also, the histopathological analysis showed degeneration of hepatocytes and inflammatory cellular infiltrates. However, vincamine treatment modulated all these markers. It improved liver function tests. It inhibited the expression of NF-kB, TNFα, IL-6, IL-1β and PDGF and activated the expression of klf6 and PPARγ. Furthermore, vincamine reduced MDA levels and induced GSH, SOD, catalase, heme-oxygenase-1 and PI3K/Akt pathway. Additionally, it inhibited expression of P53 gene, bax and cleaved caspase 3 proteins. More interestingly, vincamine showed better outcomes on the hepatic histopathological analysis and improved the alterations induced by ANIT. Vincamine alleviated hepatic dysfunction during ANIT-induced intrahepatic cholestasis through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant efficacies by the modulation of NF-kB/PDGF/klf6/PPARγ and PI3K/Akt pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Alaaeldin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia, 61111, Egypt
| | - Yusra A Eisa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia, 61111, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A El-Rehany
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia, 61111, Egypt
| | - Moustafa Fathy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt.
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Yu W, Zhao Y, Jia P, Liu W, Cheng Z, Li W, Zhu H. Preparation and evaluation of gastrodin microsphere-loaded Gastrodia elata polysaccharides composite hydrogel on UVB-induced skin damage in vitro and in vivo. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134303. [PMID: 39084431 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Skin damage from sun exposure is a common issue among outdoor workers and is primarily caused by ultraviolet rays. Upon absorption of these rays, the skin will experience inflammation and cell apoptosis. This study explored the concept of 'Combination of medicine and adjuvant' by utilizing Gastrodia elata polysaccharide, a key component of Gastrodia elata Bl., to develop a new hydrogel material. Oxidized Gastrodia elata polysaccharide (OGEP) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) was use to prepare a biocompatible, biodegradable and self-healing hydrogel OGEP/CMCS (OC). And this hydrogel was further loaded with Gastrodin-containing microspheres (GAS/GEL) to create GAS/GEL/OGEP/CMCS (GGOC) hydrogel. Characterization studies revealed that OC and GGOC hydrogels exhibited favorable mechanical properties, antioxidant activity and biocompatibility. The experiments showed that OC and GGOC hydrogels could regulate mitochondrial membrane potential, prevent mitochondrial breakage, inhibit proinflammatory factors, prevent NF-κB protein activation and regulate apoptosis-related pathways. This study highlighted the application potential of Gastrodia elata polysaccharide as a 'Combination of medicine and adjuvant' and the anti-UVB damage effect of the prepared hydrogel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Yu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Pinhui Jia
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Wencong Liu
- School of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuzhou University, Wuzhou 543002, China
| | - Zhiqiang Cheng
- College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center of Health Products and Medical Materials with Characteristic Resources, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Wei Li
- Jilin Provincial International Joint Research Center for the Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Hongyan Zhu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Jilin Provincial International Joint Research Center for the Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
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Eldafashi N, Waaz S, Ali TFS, Zaki MYW, Nazmy MH, Fathy M. The protective role of two oxindole derivatives is mediated by modulating NLRP3/caspase-1 and PI3K/AKT pathways in a preclinical animal model of hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury. Life Sci 2024; 352:122872. [PMID: 38942361 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Aim Hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury (HIRI) is a leading cause of mortality post liver transplantation, hypovolemic shock and trauma. In this study, we tested, on molecular bases, the possible protective role of two different derivatives of 2-oxindole in a preclinical model of HIRI in rats. MAIN METHODS HIRI was operated in male Wistar albino rats and prophylactic treatment with oxindole-curcumin (Coxi) or oxindole-vanillin (Voxi) was carried out before the operation. The biochemical and histopathological investigations, in addition to the mechanistic characterizations of the effect of the tested drugs were performed. KEY FINDINGS HIRI was assured with elevated liver enzymes and marked changes in histopathological features, inflammatory response and oxidative stress. Pretreatment with Coxi and Voxi improved the hepatic histopathological alterations, reduced the elevated serum liver enzymes level and hepatic Malondialdehyde (MDA) content, increased the hepatic Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) activity and reduced Glutathione (GSH) content, downregulated the expression of TNF-α, IL-6, Nod-Like Receptor p3 (NLRP3), Cleaved caspase1, Cleaved caspase 3 proteins, alongside the expression level of IL-1β, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and BAX genes, attenuated NF-кB p-P65 Ser536 and Myeloperoxidase (MPO)-positive neutrophils, and activated the PI3K/AKT pathway. SIGNIFICANCE Coxi and Voxi have promising hepatoprotective activity against HIRI in rats through ameliorating the biochemical and histopathological alterations, attenuating inflammatory and oxidative stress status by modulating the inflammatory TNF-α/ICAM-1, the pyroptosis NLRP3/Caspase-1, and the antioxidant PI3K/AKT pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nardeen Eldafashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt.
| | - Shaimaa Waaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt.
| | - Taha F S Ali
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt.
| | - Marco Y W Zaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt.
| | - Maiiada Hassan Nazmy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt.
| | - Moustafa Fathy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt.
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Sabra RT, Bekhit AA, Sabra NT, Abd El-Moeze NA, Fathy M. Nebivolol ameliorates sepsis-evoked kidney dysfunction by targeting oxidative stress and TGF-β/Smad/p53 pathway. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14735. [PMID: 38926458 PMCID: PMC11208533 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64577-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a potential fetal organ destruction brought on through an overzealous immunologic reaction to infection, causing severe inflammation, septic shock, and damage to different organs. Although there has been progress in the identification and controlling of clinical sepsis, the fatality rates are still significant. This study, for the first time, intended to examine the possible ameliorative impact of Nebivolol, a β1-adrenergic antagonist antihypertensive drug, against nephrotoxicity resulted from cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis in rats, on molecular basis. Sixty male Wistar albino rats were chosen. Oxidative stress indicators and biochemical markers of kidney activity were evaluated. Inflammatory mediators, fibrosis- and apoptosis-related proteins and gene expressions were investigated. Moreover, renal histopathological investigation was performed. CLP-induced nephrotoxicity characterized by markedly elevated serum levels of creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, uric acid, and renal malondialdhyde. On the other hand, it decreased serum total protein level, renal superoxide dismutase activity and reduced glutathione level. Additionally, it significantly elevated the renal inflammatory mediators (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, ilnerlukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β) and Caspase-3 protein, reduced IL-10 level, amplified the expression of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), p-Smad2/3 and alpha-smooth-muscle actin proteins, downregulated the B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) gene and elevated the transcription of Bcl-2-associated X-protein (Bax), p53 and Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) genes. Furtheremor, kidney tissues exhibited significant histopathological changes with CLP. On the contrary, Nebivolol significantly improved all these biochemical changes and enhanced the histopathological alterations obtained by CLP. This research showed, for the first time, that Nebivolol effectively mitigated the CLP-induced kidney dysfunction via its antioxidant, antifibrotic and anti-apoptotic activity through modulation of oxidative stress, TGF-β/NF-κB and TGF-β/Smad/p53 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahma Tharwat Sabra
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt
| | | | - Nourhan Tharwat Sabra
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt
| | | | - Moustafa Fathy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt.
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Jin H, Wen G, Zhu J, Liu J, Li J, Yao S, Zhao Z, Dong Z, Zhang X, An J, Liu X, Tuo B. Pantoprazole suppresses carcinogenesis and growth of hepatocellular carcinoma by inhibiting glycolysis and Na +/H + exchange. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22198. [PMID: 38764200 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the deadliest cancers. The prevention and therapy for this deadly disease remain a global medical challenge. In this study, we investigated the effect of pantoprazole (PPZ) on the carcinogenesis and growth of HCC. Both diethylnitrosamine (DEN) plus CCl4-induced and DEN plus high fat diet (HFD)-induced HCC models in mice were established. Cytokines and cell proliferation-associated gene in the liver tissues of mice and HCC cells were analyzed. Cellular glycolysis and Na+/H+ exchange activity were measured. The preventive administration of pantoprazole (PPZ) at a clinically relevant low dose markedly suppressed HCC carcinogenesis in both DEN plus CCl4-induced and HFD-induced murine HCC models, whereas the therapeutic administration of PPZ at the dose suppressed the growth of HCC. In the liver tissues of PPZ-treated mice, inflammatory cytokines, IL1, CXCL1, CXCL5, CXCL9, CXCL10, CCL2, CCL5, CCL6, CCL7, CCL20, and CCL22, were reduced. The administration of CXCL1, CXCL5, CCL2, or CCL20 all reversed PPZ-suppressed DEN plus CCL4-induced HCC carcinogenesis in mice. PPZ inhibited the expressions of CCNA2, CCNB2, CCNE2, CDC25C, CDCA5, CDK1, CDK2, TOP2A, TTK, AURKA, and BIRC5 in HCC cells. Further results showed that PPZ reduced the production of these inflammatory cytokines and the expression of these cell proliferation-associated genes through the inhibition of glycolysis and Na+/H+ exchange. In conclusion, PPZ suppresses the carcinogenesis and growth of HCC, which is related to inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines and the expression of cell proliferation-associated genes in the liver through the inhibition of glycolysis and Na+/H+ exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Guorong Wen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jiaxing Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jielong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jingguo Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Shun Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zhenglan Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zhiqi Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jiaxing An
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xuemei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Biguang Tuo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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Tang Y, Yuan Z, Lu X, Song Y, Zhu S, Qiu C, zhang Q, Fu B, Jia C, Li H. RAMP1 Protects Hepatocytes against Ischemia-reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting the ERK/YAP Pathway. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2024; 12:357-370. [PMID: 38638379 PMCID: PMC11022058 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2023.00339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI) is a prevalent complication of liver transplantation, partial hepatectomy, and severe infection, necessitating the development of more effective clinical strategies. Receptor activity-modifying protein 1 (RAMP1), a member of the G protein-coupled receptor adapter family, has been implicated in numerous physiological and pathological processes. The study aimed to investigate the pathogenesis of RAMP1 in HIRI. Methods We established a 70% liver ischemia-reperfusion model in RAMP1 knockout (KO) and wild-type mice. Liver and blood samples were collected after 0, 6, and 24 h of hypoxia/reperfusion. Liver histological and serological analyses were performed to evaluate liver damage. We also conducted in-vitro and in-vivo experiments to explore the molecular mechanism underlying RAMP1 function. Results Liver injury was exacerbated in RAMP1-KO mice compared with the sham group, as evidenced by increased cell death and elevated serum transaminase and inflammation levels. HIRI was promoted in RAMP1-KO mice via the induction of hepatocyte apoptosis and inhibition of proliferation. The absence of RAMP1 led to increased activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and yes-associated protein (YAP) phosphorylation, ultimately promoting apoptosis. SCH772984, an ERK/MAPK phosphorylation inhibitor, and PY-60, a YAP phosphorylation inhibitor, reduced apoptosis in in-vitro and in-vivo experiments. Conclusions Our findings suggest that RAMP1 protects against HIRI by inhibiting ERK and YAP phosphorylation signal transduction, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for HIRI and providing a new avenue for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Tang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Liver Transplantation Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zenan Yuan
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Liver Transplantation Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xu Lu
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Liver Transplantation Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingqiu Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuguang Zhu
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Liver Transplantation Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunhui Qiu
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Liver Transplantation Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qi zhang
- Department of Cell-Gene Therapy Translational Medicine Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Binsheng Fu
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Liver Transplantation Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Changchang Jia
- Department of Cell-Gene Therapy Translational Medicine Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Liver Transplantation Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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El-Aziz Fathy EA, Abdel-Gaber SAW, Gaber Ibrahim MF, Thabet K, Waz S. Downregulation of IL-1β/p38 mitogen activated protein kinase pathway by diacerein protects against kidney ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. Cytokine 2024; 176:156511. [PMID: 38290257 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) can be precipitated by multiple clinical situations that lead to impaired renal function and associated mortality. The resulting tubular cell damage is the outcome of complex disorders including, an inflammatory process with an overproduction of cytokines. Here, diacerein (DIA), an inhibitor of proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), was investigated against renal I/R in rats. DIA was orally administrated (50 mg/kg/day) for ten days before bilateral ischemia for 45 min with subsequent 2 hr. reperfusion. Interestingly, DIA alleviated the renal dysfunction and histopathological damage in the renal tissues. Pretreatment with DIA corrected the oxidative imbalance by prevented reduction in antioxidant levels of GSH and SOD, while it decreased the elevation of the oxidative marker, MDA. In addition, DIA downregulated IL-1β and TNF-α expression in the renal tissues. Consequent to inhibition of the oxidative stress and inflammatory cascades, DIA inhibited the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK). Therefore, downstream targets for p38 MAPK were also inhibited via DIA which prevented further increases of inflammatory cytokines and the apoptotic marker, caspase-3. Collectively, this study revealed the renoprotective role of DIA for renal I/R and highlighted the role of p38 MAPK encountered in its therapeutic application in renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Abd El-Aziz Fathy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt.
| | | | - Manar Fouli Gaber Ibrahim
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt.
| | - Khaled Thabet
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt.
| | - Shaimaa Waz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt.
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10
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Abdelnaser M, Alaaeldin R, Attya ME, Fathy M. Modulating Nrf-2/HO-1, apoptosis and oxidative stress signaling pathways by gabapentin ameliorates sepsis-induced acute kidney injury. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:947-958. [PMID: 37548662 PMCID: PMC10791735 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02650-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Globally, sepsis, which is a major health issue resulting from severe infection-induced inflammation, is the fifth biggest cause of death. This research aimed to evaluate, for the first time, the molecular effects of gabapentin's possible nephroprotective potential on septic rats by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). METHODS Sepsis was produced by CLP in male Wistar rats. Evaluations of histopathology and renal function were conducted. MDA, SOD, GSH, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels were measured. qRT-PCR was utilized to determine the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, and NF-kB genes. The expression of Nrf-2 and HO-1 proteins was examined by western blotting. RESULTS CLP caused acute renal damage, elevated the blood levels of creatinine, BUN, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, reduced the expression of Nrf-2 and HO-1 proteins and the Bcl-2 gene expression, and upregulated NF-kB and Bax genes. Nevertheless, gabapentin dramatically diminished the degree of the biochemical, molecular, and histopathological alterations generated by CLP. Gabapentin reduced the levels of proinflammatory mediators and MDA, improved renal content of GSH and SOD, raised the expression of Nrf-2 and HO-1 proteins and Bcl-2 gene, and reduced the renal expression of NF-kB and Bax genes. CONCLUSION Gabapentin mitigated the CLP-induced sepsis-related acute kidney injury through up-regulating Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway, repressing apoptosis, and attenuating the oxidative stress status by reducing the levels of the proinflammatory mediators and enhancing the antioxidant status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Abdelnaser
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia, 61111, Egypt
| | - Rania Alaaeldin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia, 61111, Egypt
| | - Mina Ezzat Attya
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt
| | - Moustafa Fathy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt.
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11
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Kusakabe J, Hata K, Tajima T, Miyauchi H, Zhao X, Kageyama S, Tsuruyama T, Hatano E. Properdin inhibition ameliorates hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury without interfering with liver regeneration in mice. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1174243. [PMID: 37662914 PMCID: PMC10469474 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1174243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) often causes serious complications in liver surgeries, including transplantation. Complement activation seems to be involved in hepatic IRI; however, no complement-targeted intervention has been clinically applied. We investigated the therapeutic potential of Properdin-targeted complement regulation in hepatic IRI. Male wild-type mice (B10D2/nSn) were exposed to 90-minute partial hepatic IRI to the left and median lobes with either monoclonal anti-Properdin-antibody (Ab) or control-immunoglobulin (IgG) administration. Since the complement system is closely involved in liver regeneration, the influence of anti-Properdin-Ab on liver regeneration was also evaluated in a mouse model of 70% partial hepatectomy. Anti-Properdin-Ab significantly reduced serum transaminases and histopathological damages at 2 and 6 hours after reperfusion (P <0.001, respectively). These improvements at 2 hours was accompanied by significant reductions in CD41+ platelet aggregation (P =0.010) and ssDNA+ cells (P <0.001), indicating significant amelioration in hepatic microcirculation and apoptosis, respectively. Characteristically, F4/80+ cells representing macrophages, mainly Kupffer cells, were maintained by anti-Properdin-Ab (P <0.001). Western blot showed decreased phosphorylation of only Erk1/2 among MAPKs (P =0.004). After 6 hours of reperfusion, anti-Properdin-Ab significantly attenuated the release of HMGB-1, which provokes the release of proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines (P =0.002). Infiltration of CD11b+ and Ly6-G+ cells, representing infiltrating macrophages and neutrophils, respectively, were significantly alleviated by anti-Properdin-Ab (both P <0.001). Notably, anti-Properdin-Ab did not affect remnant liver weight and BrdU+ cells at 48 hours after 70% partial hepatectomy (P =0.13 and 0.31, respectively). In conclusion, Properdin inhibition significantly ameliorates hepatic IRI without interfering with liver regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiro Kusakabe
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koichiro Hata
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tajima
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Miyauchi
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Xiangdong Zhao
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shoichi Kageyama
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tatsuaki Tsuruyama
- Center for Anatomical, Pathological, and Forensic Medical Research, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Etsuro Hatano
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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12
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Alaaeldin R, Mohyeldin RH, Bekhit AA, Gomaa W, Zhao QL, Fathy M. Vincamine Ameliorates Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Rats; Targeting TGF-β/MAPK/Snai1 Pathway. Molecules 2023; 28:4665. [PMID: 37375218 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive, irreversible lung disease that leads to respiratory failure and death. Vincamine is an indole alkaloid obtained from the leaves of Vinca minor and acts as a vasodilator. The present study aims to investigate the protective activity of vincamine against EMT in bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis via assessing the apoptotic and TGF-β1/p38 MAPK/ERK1/2 signaling pathways. In bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, protein content, total cell count, and LDH activity were evaluated. N-cadherin, fibronectin, collagen, SOD, GPX, and MDA levels were determined in lung tissue using ELISA. Bax, p53, bcl2, TWIST, Snai1, and Slug mRNA levels were examined using qRT-PCR. Western blotting was used to assess the expression of TGF-β1, p38 MAPK, ERK1/2, and cleaved caspase 3 proteins. H & E and Masson's trichrome staining were used to analyze histopathology. In BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis, vincamine reduced LDH activity, total protein content, and total and differential cell count. SOD and GPX were also increased following vincamine treatment, while MDA levels were decreased. Additionally, vincamine suppressed the expression of p53, Bax, TWIST, Snail, and Slug genes as well as the expression of factors such as TGF-β1, p/t p38 MAPK, p/t ERK1/2, and cleaved caspase 3 proteins, and, at the same time, vincamine increased bcl2 gene expression. Moreover, vincamine restored fibronectin, N-Catherine, and collagen protein elevation due to BLM-induced lung fibrosis. In addition, the histopathological examination of lung tissues revealed that vincamine attenuated the fibrotic and inflammatory conditions. In conclusion, vincamine suppressed bleomycin-induced EMT by attenuating TGF-β1/p38 MAPK/ERK1/2/TWIST/Snai1/Slug/fibronectin/N-cadherin pathway. Moreover, it exerted anti-apoptotic activity in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Alaaeldin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia 61111, Egypt
| | - Reham H Mohyeldin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia 61111, Egypt
| | | | - Wafaey Gomaa
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Qing-Li Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Moustafa Fathy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
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13
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Wang S, Cai Y, Bu R, Wang Y, Lin Q, Chen Y, Wu C. PPARγ Regulates Macrophage Polarization by Inhibiting the JAK/STAT Pathway and Attenuates Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury In Vivo. Cell Biochem Biophys 2023:10.1007/s12013-023-01137-0. [PMID: 37129843 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-023-01137-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the role of PPARγ and underlying mechanisms in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI). IRI was surgically induced in mice and neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCM) were exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R). Quantitative genetic analysis and western blotting were performed to assess mRNA and protein levels, respectively, of PPARγ, as well as of different inflammatory, fibrosis, and apoptosis markers in cells and tissues. PPARγ was overexpressed in the heart of mice and NRCMs by viral transfection. Apoptosis and fibrosis were detected by TUNEL and Masson's trichrome staining, respectively. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to detect M1 and M2 macrophage-related inflammatory factors present in mouse sera. PPARγ overexpression significantly inhibited OGD/R- and IRI-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and fibrosis in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, PPARγ overexpression inhibited IRI-induced secretion of M1-related proinflammatory factors, whereas it supported the secretion of M2-related anti-inflammatory factors. Notably, these events were found to be mediated by the JAK/STAT pathway. In conclusion, PPARγ regulates macrophage polarization upon IRI via the JAK/STAT pathway, which will in turn prevent myocardial apoptosis and fibrosis. Hence, PPARγ may represent a valuable target for myocardial IRI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou City, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Yinlian Cai
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou City, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Rongsheng Bu
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou City, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Yaoguo Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou City, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Qingfan Lin
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Quanzhou Medical College, Quanzhou City, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Youfang Chen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Quanzhou Medical College, Quanzhou City, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Chunchun Wu
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou City, 362000, Fujian, China.
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14
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Mohamed OS, Abdel Baky NA, Sayed-Ahmed MM, Al-Najjar AH. Lactoferrin alleviates cyclophosphamide induced-nephropathy through suppressing the orchestration between Wnt4/β-catenin and ERK1/2/NF-κB signaling and modulating klotho and Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Life Sci 2023; 319:121528. [PMID: 36828132 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Cyclophosphamide is an alkylating agent with vast arrays of therapeutic activity. Currently, its medical use is limited due to its numerous adverse events, including nephrotoxicity. This study aimed to follow the molecular mechanisms behind the potential renoprotective action of lactoferrin (LF) against cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced renal injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS For fulfillment of our aim, Spragw-Dwaly rats were orally administrated LF (300 mg/kg) for seven consecutive days, followed by a single intraperitoneal injection of CP (150 mg/kg). KEY FINDINGS Treatment of CP-injured rats with LF significantly reduced the elevated creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), markedly upregulated Nrf2/HO-1 signaling with consequent increase in renal total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and decrease in renal malondialdehyde (MDA) level. Furthermore, LF treatment significantly reduced the elevated renal p-ERK1/2 expression, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), interleukin-6 (IL-6), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) levels in CP-treated animals. Interestingly, LF treatment downregulated Wnt4/β-catenin signaling and increased both renal klotho gene expression and serum klotho level. Furthermore, LF treatment reduced apoptosis in kidney tissue via suppressing GSK-3β expression and modulating caspase-3 and Bcl2 levels. Histopathological examination of kidney tissue confirmed the protective effect of LF against CP-induced renal injury. SIGNIFICANCE The present findings document the renoprotective effect of LF against CP-induced nephropathy, which may be mediated via suppressing ERK1/2/ NF-κB and Wnt4/β-catenin trajectories and enhancing klotho expression and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola S Mohamed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nayira A Abdel Baky
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed M Sayed-Ahmed
- Pharmacology and Experimental Oncology Unit, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aya H Al-Najjar
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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15
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Liu H, Huang L, Chen F, Zhong Z, Ma X, Zhou Z, Cao S, Shen L, Peng G. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells secrete extracellular vesicles: A potential cell-free therapy for canine renal ischaemia-reperfusion injury. Vet Med Sci 2023; 9:1134-1142. [PMID: 36913179 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) and their extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a promising source of therapies for ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) because of their potent anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to explore the therapeutic efficacy and potential mechanism of ADMSC-EVs in canine renal IR injury. METHODS Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and EVs were isolated and characterised for surface markers. A canine IR model administered with ADMSC-EVs was used to evaluate therapeutic effects on inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage and apoptosis. RESULTS CD105, CD90 and beta integrin ITGB were positively expressed in MSCs, while CD63, CD9 and intramembrane marker TSG101 were positively expressed in EVs. Compared with the IR model group, there was less mitochondrial damage and reduction in quantity of mitochondria in the EV treatment group. Renal IR injury led to severe histopathological lesions and significant increases in biomarkers of renal function, inflammation and apoptosis, which were attenuated by the administration of ADMSC-EVs. CONCLUSIONS Secretion of EVs by ADMSCs exhibited therapeutic potential in renal IR injury and may lead to a cell-free therapy for canine renal IR injury. These findings revealed that canine ADMSC-EVs potently attenuate renal IR injury-induced renal dysfunction, inflammation and apoptosis, possibly by reducing mitochondrial damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Liu
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liyuan Huang
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fuhao Chen
- Chongqing Fengdu Agricultural Science and Technology Development Group Co. Ltd, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhijun Zhong
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoping Ma
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziyao Zhou
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Suizhong Cao
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liuhong Shen
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guangneng Peng
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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16
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Abdelnaser M, Alaaeldin R, Attya ME, Fathy M. Hepatoprotective potential of gabapentin in cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis; targeting oxidative stress, apoptosis, and NF-kB/MAPK signaling pathways. Life Sci 2023; 320:121562. [PMID: 36907325 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Sepsis is a severe inflammatory response to infection with an incidence rate exceeding 48 million cases and 11 million sepsis-related deaths yearly. Furthermore, sepsis remains the fifth most common cause of death worldwide. The present study aimed to examine, for the first time, the potential hepatoprotective activity of gabapentin on cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis in rats at the molecular level. MAIN METHODS CLP was used as a model of sepsis in male Wistar rats. Histological examination and liver functions were evaluated. Levels of MDA, GSH, SOD, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α were investigated using ELISA. mRNA levels of Bax, Bcl-2, and NF-kB were assessed by qRT-PCR. Western blotting investigated the expression of ERK1/2, JNK1/2, and cleaved caspase 3 proteins. KEY FINDINGS CLP resulted in liver damage, elevated serum levels of ALT, AST, ALP, MDA, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, increased expression of ERK1/2, JNK1/2, and cleaved caspase 3 proteins, and upregulated Bax and NF-κB genes expression while it down-regulated Bcl-2 gene expression. However, gabapentin treatment significantly reduced the severity of CLP-induced biochemical, molecular, and histopathological changes. Gabapentin attenuated the levels of the proinflammatory mediators, decreased the expression of JNK1/2, ERK1/2, and cleaved caspase 3 proteins, suppressed Bax and NF-κB genes expression and increased the expression of the Bcl-2 gene. SIGNIFICANCE Consequently, Gabapentin reduced hepatic injury resulting from CLP-induced sepsis by reducing proinflammatory mediators, attenuating apoptosis, and inhibiting the intracellular MAPK (ERK1/2, JNK1/2)-NF-kB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Abdelnaser
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia 61111, Egypt.
| | - Rania Alaaeldin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia 61111, Egypt.
| | - Mina Ezzat Attya
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt.
| | - Moustafa Fathy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt.
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17
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Fawzy MA, Beshay ON, Bekhit AA, Abdel-Hafez SMN, Batiha GES, Bin Jardan YA, Fathy M. Nephroprotective effect of AT-MSCs against cisplatin-induced EMT is improved by azilsartan via attenuating oxidative stress and TGF-β/Smad signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114097. [PMID: 36502757 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The nephrotoxicity of cisplatin (CIS) is a significant complication that challenges its clinical applicability. The epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) may be included in the pathogenesis of CIS-evoked nephrotoxicity. Therefore, the current study aimed to evaluate, for the first time, the possible protective effect of AZL and/or AT-MSCs against CIS-induced EMT in rats on molecular bases. Fifty-four healthy Wistar male albino rats were used in this study. Different biochemical markers of kidney function as well as oxidative stress parameters were investigated. Additionally, renal histopathological study was performed. The expression of EMT-related proteins and genes was evaluated by western blotting and qRT-PCR. CIS markedly increased SCr, BUN, uric acid and renal MDA levels, with concomitant decrease in serum total protein, renal GSH level and SOD activity. Furthermore, it suppressed the expression of Cdh1 gene, increased the α-SMA, Acta2, Cdh2 and Vim genes expression, down regulated the expression of E-cad protein and up-regulated the α-SMA, TGF-β1, p-Smad2/3 and Snail proteins expression. Kidney tissues showed severe histopathological alterations and extensive collagen accumulation. Conversely, the treatment with either AZL or AT-MSCs significantly attenuated these alterations caused by CIS. Interestingly, the combined therapy of AZL and AT-MSCs has a superior ameliorative effect than AT-MSCs alone. In conclusion, this study, for the first time, revealed that AZL and/ or AT-MSCs successfully ameliorated the CIS-induced EMT via the inhibition of oxidative stress and TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Intriguingly, AZL enhanced the effect of AT-MSCs making them promising agents for kidney protection against CIS-induced EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Fawzy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt.
| | - Olivia N Beshay
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt.
| | | | | | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt.
| | - Yousef A Bin Jardan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Moustafa Fathy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt; Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
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18
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Fawzy MA, Nasr G, Ali FEM, Fathy M. Quercetin potentiates the hepatoprotective effect of sildenafil and/or pentoxifylline against intrahepatic cholestasis: Role of Nrf2/ARE, TLR4/NF-κB, and NLRP3/IL-1β signaling pathways. Life Sci 2023; 314:121343. [PMID: 36592787 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIM Intrahepatic cholestasis is a common pathological condition of several types of liver disorders. In this study, we aimed to investigate the regulatory effects of quercetin (QU) on selected phosphodiesterase inhibitors against alpha-naphthyl isothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced acute intrahepatic cholestasis. METHODS Cholestasis was induced in Wistar albino rats by ANIT as a single dose (60 mg/kg; P·O.). QU (50 mg/kg, daily, P·O.), sildenafil (Sild; 10 mg/kg, twice daily, P·O.), and pentoxifylline (PTX; 50 mg/kg, daily, P.O.) were evaluated either alone or in combinations for 10 days for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-pyroptotic effects. RESULTS ANIT produced a prominent intrahepatic cholestasis as evidenced by a significant alteration in liver functions, histological structure, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress biomarkers. Furthermore, up-regulation of NF-κB-p65, TLR4, NLRP3, cleaved caspase-1, IKK-β, and IL-1β concurrently with down-regulation of Nrf-2, HO-1, and PPAR-γ expressions were observed after ANIT. QU, Sild, or PTX treatment significantly alleviated the disturbance induced by ANIT. These findings were further supported by the improvement in histopathological features. Additionally, co-administration of QU with Sild or PTX significantly improved liver defects due to ANIT as compared to the individual drugs. SIGNIFICANCE Combined QU with Sild or PTX exhibited promising hepatoprotective effects and anti-cholestatic properties through modulation of Nrf2/ARE, TLR4/NF- κB, and NLRP3/IL-1β signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Fawzy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt.
| | - Gehad Nasr
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt.
| | - Fares E M Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt.
| | - Moustafa Fathy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt; Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
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19
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Alaaeldin R, Bakkar SM, Mohyeldin RH, Ali FEM, Abdel-Maqsoud NMR, Fathy M. Azilsartan Modulates HMGB1/NF-κB/p38/ERK1/2/JNK and Apoptosis Pathways during Renal Ischemia Reperfusion Injury. Cells 2023; 12:cells12010185. [PMID: 36611978 PMCID: PMC9818604 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury is characterized by an unexpected impairment of blood flow to the kidney. Azilsartan is an angiotensin receptor blocker that is approved for the management of hypertension. The present study aimed to investigate, on molecular basics, the nephroprotective activity of azilsartan on renal IR injury in rats. Rats were assigned into four groups: (1) Sham group, (2) Azilsartan group, (3) IR group, and (4) IR/Azilsartan-treated group. Histological examination and renal function were evaluated. Levels of KIM-1, HMGB1, caspase 3, GPX, SOD, NF-κB, and p53 proteins were investigated using ELISA. mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL6, IL10, TNF-α, NF-κB, p53, and bax were assessed by qRT-PCR. Expression of p38, JNK, and ERK1/2 proteins was investigated by Western blotting. IR injury resulted in tissue damage, elevation of creatinine, BUN, KIM-1, HMGB1, caspase 3, NF-κB, and p53 levels, decreasing GPX and SOD activities, and up-regulation of NF-κB, IL-1β, IL6, TNF-α, p53, and bax genes. Furthermore, it up-regulated the expression of phosphorylated/total ratio of p38, ERK1/2, and JNK proteins. Interestingly, treatment of the injured rats with azilsartan significantly alleviated IR injury-induced histopathological and biochemical changes. It reduced the creatinine, BUN, KIM-1, HMGB1, caspase-3, NF-κB, and p53 levels, elevated GPX and SOD activities, down-regulated the expression of NF-κB, IL-1β, IL6, TNF-α, p53, and bax genes, and up-regulated IL10 gene expression. Furthermore, it decreased the phosphorylated/total ratio of p38, ERK1/2, and JNK proteins. Azilsartan exhibited nephroprotective activity in IR-injured rats via its antioxidant effect, suppression of inflammation, attenuation of apoptosis, and inhibition of HMGB1/NF-κB/p38/ERK1/2/JNK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Alaaeldin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Sally M. Bakkar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Reham H. Mohyeldin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Fares E. M. Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | | | - Moustafa Fathy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61511, Egypt
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
- Correspondence:
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PIM1 attenuates renal ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting ASK1-JNK/P38. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 114:109563. [PMID: 36513021 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is the main cause of acute kidney injury (AKI), yet therapeutic approaches to alleviate IRI remain limited. PIM1 (provirus integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus 1) is a constitutive serine threonine kinase that phosphorylates various substrates to regulate cell death and survival. However, the role of PIM1 in renal IRI remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the effect of PIM1 on renal IRI and explore its downstream regulatory mechanism. In this study, we inhibited or overexpressed PIM1 in mice and cultured proximal tubular cells, and then induced renal IRI model in vivo and hypoxia reoxygenation (HR) model in vitro. Renal function, renal structure injuries and cellular death were assessed to reflect the extent of IRI. The expression of PIM1 and the levels of ASK1, MAPK and their phosphorylated forms were detected by immunoblot. RNA sequencing of kidney cortex was performed to analyze downstream pathway of PIM1 in renal IRI. The results showed that PIM1 expression was significantly upregulated in renal IRI mouse model and in renal tubular cell HR model. AZD1208 (a PIM1 inhibitor) aggravated renal IRI, while PIM1 overexpression ameliorated renal IRI. This was involved in the regulation of the ASK1-MAPK pathway. Moreover, results demonstrated that ASK1 was a downstream target of PIM1 by administering Selonsertib (an inhibitor of ASK1 activity), and inhibiting ASK1 alleviated cell death after HR in PIM1 knockdown cells by reducing JNK/P38 activation. In conclusion, this study elucidated the protective effect of PIM1 on renal IRI, and the underlying mechanism may be related to ASK1-JNK/P38 signaling pathway. Taken together, PIM1 may be a potential therapeutic target for renal IRI.
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Zhang W, Liu L, Xiao X, Zhou H, Peng Z, Wang W, Huang L, Xie Y, Xu H, Tao L, Nie W, Yuan X, Liu F, Yuan Q. Identification of common molecular signatures of SARS-CoV-2 infection and its influence on acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:961642. [PMID: 37026010 PMCID: PMC10070855 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.961642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the main cause of COVID-19, causing hundreds of millions of confirmed cases and more than 18.2 million deaths worldwide. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of COVID-19 that leads to an increase in mortality, especially in intensive care unit (ICU) settings, and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a high risk factor for COVID-19 and its related mortality. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms among AKI, CKD, and COVID-19 are unclear. Therefore, transcriptome analysis was performed to examine common pathways and molecular biomarkers for AKI, CKD, and COVID-19 in an attempt to understand the association of SARS-CoV-2 infection with AKI and CKD. Three RNA-seq datasets (GSE147507, GSE1563, and GSE66494) from the GEO database were used to detect differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for COVID-19 with AKI and CKD to search for shared pathways and candidate targets. A total of 17 common DEGs were confirmed, and their biological functions and signaling pathways were characterized by enrichment analysis. MAPK signaling, the structural pathway of interleukin 1 (IL-1), and the Toll-like receptor pathway appear to be involved in the occurrence of these diseases. Hub genes identified from the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, including DUSP6, BHLHE40, RASGRP1, and TAB2, are potential therapeutic targets in COVID-19 with AKI and CKD. Common genes and pathways may play pathogenic roles in these three diseases mainly through the activation of immune inflammation. Networks of transcription factor (TF)-gene, miRNA-gene, and gene-disease interactions from the datasets were also constructed, and key gene regulators influencing the progression of these three diseases were further identified among the DEGs. Moreover, new drug targets were predicted based on these common DEGs, and molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed. Finally, a diagnostic model of COVID-19 was established based on these common DEGs. Taken together, the molecular and signaling pathways identified in this study may be related to the mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 infection affects renal function. These findings are significant for the effective treatment of COVID-19 in patients with kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Leping Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiangcheng Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongshan Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhangzhe Peng
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Organ Fibrosis Key Lab of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Organ Fibrosis Key Lab of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ling Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Organ Fibrosis Key Lab of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanyun Xie
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Organ Fibrosis Key Lab of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Organ Fibrosis Key Lab of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lijian Tao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Organ Fibrosis Key Lab of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wannian Nie
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiangning Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Organ Fibrosis Key Lab of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Fang Liu, ; Qiongjing Yuan,
| | - Qiongjing Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Organ Fibrosis Key Lab of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Medical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Center for Medical Metabolomics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Fang Liu, ; Qiongjing Yuan,
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Possible Implication of Nrf2, PPAR-γ and MAPKs Signaling in the Protective Role of Mangiferin against Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion in Rats. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 16:ph16010006. [PMID: 36678503 PMCID: PMC9863472 DOI: 10.3390/ph16010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mangiferin (Mang) is a known glucosylxanthone that has proven its shielding effect against ischemia/reperfusion (Is/R). However, its full underlying mechanistic perspective against renal Is/R induced lesions is not fully revealed. Consequently, the purpose of this study is to track further non-investigated modulatory signals of Mang against the renal Is/R model involving nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf)2/heme oxygenase (HO)-1, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ/nuclear factor (NF)-κB, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling. To ratify our aim, Mang was administrated (20 mg/kg, i.p for seven days) before the induction of bilateral Is/R. Mechanistic maneuver revealed that Mang balanced oxidative state via increasing the expression of the antioxidant Nrf2/HO-1 cue with subsequent enhancement of GSH besides MDA lessening. Additionally, Mang enhanced PPAR-γ mRNA expression and declined p-p38 MAPK and p-JNK expression with concomitant NF-κB downsizing leading to iNOS/NOx and TNF-α rebating. Furthermore, the Mang anti-apoptotic trait was affirmed by enriching Bcl-2 expression as well as decreasing Bax and caspase-3 expression. All these potentials were in the line with the molecular docking results and the improved histopathological findings and renal function biomarkers. Consequently, Mang provided plausible protective mechanisms against renal Is/R-related events, possibly by amending oxidative status, inflammatory mediators, and apoptotic cell death through the involvement of Nrf2, PPAR-γ, MAPK, JNK, and NF-κB signaling.
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Hauet T, Pisani DF. New Strategies Protecting from Ischemia/Reperfusion. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415867. [PMID: 36555508 PMCID: PMC9779635 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This Special Issue aims to highlight new avenues in the management of Ischemia/Reperfusion (I/R) injury [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Hauet
- INSERM U1313, IRMETIST, Université de Poitiers et CHU de Poitiers, 86021 Poitiers, France
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24
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Liang Y, Zhang D, Gong J, He W, Jin J, He Q. Mechanism study of Cordyceps sinensis alleviates renal ischemia–reperfusion injury. OPEN CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2022-0237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Cordyceps sinensis (C. sinensis) is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine commonly used to protect renal function and relieve kidney injury. This study aimed to reveal the renal protective mechanism of C. sinensis in renal ischemia–reperfusion injury (RIRI). First, we obtained 8 active components and 99 common targets of C. sinensis against RIRI from public databases. Second, we have retrieved 38 core targets through STRING database analysis. Third, Gene Ontology analysis of 38 core targets is indicated that C. sinensis treatment RIRI may related hormone regulation, oxidative stress, cell proliferation, and immune regulation. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis of 38 core targets is indicated that C. sinensis treatment RIRI may involve in PI3K–Akt, HIF-1, and MAPK signaling pathways, as well as advanced glycation end product (AGE)–receptor for AGE (RAGE) signaling pathway in diabetic complications. Lastly, molecular docking was used to detect the binding activity and properties of active components and core target using molecular docking. And the results showed that eight active components of C. sinensis had low affinity with core targets. In conclusion, C. sinensis may improve RIRI by regulating oxidative stress and immunity through PI3K–Akt, HIF-1, and MAPK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liang
- Urology & Nephrology Center, Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College , Hangzhou , Zhejiang, 310014 , China
| | - Di Zhang
- Urology & Nephrology Center, Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College , Hangzhou , Zhejiang, 310014 , China
| | - Jianguang Gong
- Urology & Nephrology Center, Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College , Hangzhou , Zhejiang, 310014 , China
| | - Wenfang He
- Urology & Nephrology Center, Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College , Hangzhou , Zhejiang, 310014 , China
| | - Juan Jin
- Urology & Nephrology Center, Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College , Hangzhou , Zhejiang, 310014 , China
| | - Qiang He
- Urology & Nephrology Center, Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College , Hangzhou , Zhejiang, 310014 , China
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Dual Topoisomerase I/II Inhibition-Induced Apoptosis and Necro-Apoptosis in Cancer Cells by a Novel Ciprofloxacin Derivative via RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL Activation. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227993. [PMID: 36432094 PMCID: PMC9694631 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are synthetic broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents that have been recently repurposed to anticancer candidates. Designing new derivatives of FQs with different moieties to target DNA topoisomerases could improve their anticancer efficacy. The present study aimed to synthesize a novel ciprofloxacin derivative, examine its anticancer activity against HepG2 and A549 cancer cells, and investigate the possible molecular mechanism underlying this activity by examining its ability to inhibit the topo I/II activity and to induce the apoptotic and necro-apoptotic pathways. Molecular docking, cell viability, cell migration, colony formation, cell cycle, Annexin V, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, ELISA, and western blotting assays were utilized. Molecular docking results showed that this novel ciprofloxacin derivative exerted dual topo I and topo II binding and inhibition. It significantly inhibited the proliferation of A549 and HepG2 cancer cells and decreased their cell migration and colony formation abilities. In addition, it significantly increased the % of apoptotic cells, caused cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase, and elevated the LDH release levels in both cancer cells. Furthermore, it increased the expression of cleaved caspase 3, RIPK1, RIPK3, and MLKL proteins. This novel ciprofloxacin derivative exerted substantial dual inhibition of topo I/II enzyme activities, showed antiproliferative activity, suppressed the cell migration and colony formation abilities for A549 and HepG2 cancer cells and activated the apoptotic pathway. In addition, it initiated another backup deadly pathway, necro-apoptosis, through the activation of the RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL pathway.
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Alaaeldin R, Ali FEM, Bekhit AA, Zhao QL, Fathy M. Inhibition of NF-kB/IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 Pathway and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer Cells by Azilsartan. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227825. [PMID: 36431925 PMCID: PMC9693603 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Metastatic breast cancer is an incurable form of breast cancer that exhibits high levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers. Angiotensin II has been linked to various signaling pathways involved in tumor cell growth and metastasis. The aim of this study is to investigate, for the first time, the anti-proliferative activity of azilsartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker, against breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 at the molecular level. Cell viability, cell cycle, apoptosis, colony formation, and cell migration assays were performed. RT-PCR and western blotting analysis were used to explain the molecular mechanism. Azilsartan significantly decreased the cancer cells survival, induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, and inhibited colony formation and cell migration abilities. Furthermore, azilsartan reduced the mRNA levels of NF-kB, TWIST, SNAIL, SLUG and bcl2, and increased the mRNA level of bax. Additionally, azilsartan inhibited the expression of IL-6, JAK2, STAT3, MMP9 and bcl2 proteins, and increased the expression of bax, c-PARP and cleaved caspase 3 protein. Interestingly, it reduced the in vivo metastatic capacity of MDA-MBA-231 breast cancer cells. In conclusion, the present study revealed, for the first time, the anti-proliferative, apoptotic, anti-migration and EMT inhibition activities of azilsartan against breast cancer cells through modulating NF-kB/IL-6/JAK2/STAT3/MMP9, TWIST/SNAIL/SLUG and apoptosis signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Alaaeldin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia 61111, Egypt
| | - Fares E. M. Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | | | - Qing-Li Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
- Correspondence: (Q.-L.Z.); (M.F.)
| | - Moustafa Fathy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
- Correspondence: (Q.-L.Z.); (M.F.)
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27
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Abdel Baky NA, Al-Najjar AH, Elariny HA, Sallam AS, Mohammed AA. Pramipexole and Lactoferrin ameliorate Cyclophosphamide-Induced haemorrhagic cystitis via targeting Sphk1/S1P/MAPK, TLR-4/NF-κB, and NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1β signalling pathways and modulating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 112:109282. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Mitigation via Geraniol: The Role of Nrf-2/HO-1/NQO-1 and TLR2,4/MYD88/NFκB Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081568. [PMID: 36009287 PMCID: PMC9405463 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal ischemia/reperfusion injury is a clinically recurrent event during kidney transplantation. Geraniol is a natural monoterpene essential oil component. This study aimed to inspect geraniol's reno-protective actions against renal I/R injury with further analysis of embedded mechanisms of action through scrutinizing the Nrf-2/HO-1/NQO-1 and TLR2,4/MYD88/NFκB signaling pathways. METHODS Wistar male rats were randomized into five groups: Sham, Sham + geraniol, Renal I/R, and two Renal I/R + geraniol groups representing two doses of geraniol (100 and 200 mg/kg) for 14 days before the renal I/R. Renal I/R was surgically induced by occluding both left and right renal pedicles for 45 min, followed by reperfusion for 24 h. A docking study was performed to anticipate the expected affinity of geraniol towards three protein targets: hTLR4/MD2, hTLR2, and hNrf2/Keap1. RESULTS Renal I/R rats experienced severely compromised renal functions, histological alteration, oxidative stress status, escalated Nrf-2/HO-1/NQO-1, and amplified TLR2,4/MYD88/NFκB. Geraniol administration ameliorated renal function, alleviated histological changes, and enhanced Nrf-2/HO-1/NQO-1 with a subsequent intensification of antioxidant enzyme activities. Geraniol declined TLR2,4/MYD88/NFκB with subsequent TNF-α, IFN-γ, MCP-1 drop, Bax, caspase-3, and caspase-9 reduction IL-10 and Bcl-2 augmentation. Geraniol exhibited good fitting in the binding sites of the three in silico examined targets. CONCLUSIONS Geraniol might protect against renal I/R via the inhibition of the TLR2,4/MYD88/NFκB pathway, mediating anti-inflammation and activation of the Nrf2 pathway, intervening in antioxidative activities.
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Alaaeldin R, Hassan HA, Abdel-Rahman IM, Mohyeldin RH, Youssef N, Allam AE, Abdelwahab SF, Zhao QL, Fathy M. A New EGFR Inhibitor from Ficus benghalensis Exerted Potential Anti-Inflammatory Activity via Akt/PI3K Pathway Inhibition. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:2967-2981. [PMID: 35877429 PMCID: PMC9324879 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44070205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a critical defensive mechanism mainly arising due to the production of prostaglandins via cyclooxygenase enzymes. This study aimed to examine the anti-inflammatory activity of fatty acid glucoside (FAG), which is isolated from Ficus benghalensis against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. The cytotoxic activity of the FAG on RAW 264.7 macrophages was evaluated with an MTT assay. The levels of PGE2 and NO and the activity of iNOS, COX-1, and COX-2 enzymes in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were evaluated. The gene expression of IL-6, TNF-α, and PGE2 was investigated by qRT-PCR. The expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Akt, and PI3K proteins was examined using Western blotting analysis. Furthermore, molecular docking of the new FAG against EGFR was investigated. A non-cytotoxic concentration of FAG increased NO release and iNOS activity, inhibited COX-1 and COX-2 activities, and reduced PGE2 levels in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. It diminished the expression of TNF-α, IL-6, PGE2, EGFR, Akt, and PI3K. Furthermore, the molecular docking study proposed the potential direct binding of FAG with EGFR with a high affinity. This study showed that FAG is a natural EGFR inhibitor, NO-releasing, and COX-inhibiting anti-inflammatory agent via EGFR/Akt/PI3K pathway inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Alaaeldin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia 61111, Egypt;
| | - Heba Ali Hassan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt;
| | - Islam M. Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia 61111, Egypt;
| | - Reham H. Mohyeldin
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia 61111, Egypt;
| | - Nancy Youssef
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia 61512, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed E. Allam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt;
| | - Sayed F. Abdelwahab
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Qing-Li Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Moustafa Fathy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
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30
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Liu X, Zhang P, Song X, Cui H, Shen W. PPARγ Mediates Protective Effect against Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via NF-κB Pathway. J INVEST SURG 2022; 35:1648-1659. [PMID: 35732295 DOI: 10.1080/08941939.2022.2090033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury (HIRI) is an unavoidable complication in liver surgery, however its pathological process is still unclear. Therefore, in this study, the role and mechanism of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) was investigated in HIRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS We constructed mice models with HIRI and L02 cell models insulted hypoxia/re-oxygenation (H/R). PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone was administered prior to HIRI in mice and PPARγ-siRNA was to H/R treatment in L02 cells. Liver injury was measured by serum ALT, AST and LDH levels and performing H&E staining; the inflammatory injury was reflected by inflammatory markers IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, which were assayed by Real-time PCR and Western blotting, MPO activity was determined using commercial kits; oxidative stress injury was evaluated by iNOS, MDA, SOD and GSH-PX levels; apoptosis was detected by cleaved-Caspase-3, TUNEL staining and flow cytometry; NF-κB signaling activation was reflected by phosphorylation of IκBα (p-IκBα) and nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65. RESULTS The level of PPARγ expression was obviously down-regulated both in mice liver subjected to IRI and in L02 cells to H/R. Overexpression of PPARγ presented protective effect on HIRI by reducing serum levels of aminotransferase and hepatic necrosis, inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis and alleviating oxidative stress in vivo. But PPARγ-siRNA aggravate H/R insult by promoting inflammation and apoptosis in vitro. Mechanistically, the NF-κB pathway activity was increased with PPARγ down-regulation by PPARγ-siRNA. Importantly, inhibition of NF-κB signaling abolished PPARγ knockdown-mediated hepatic injury. CONCLUSIONS PPARγ present protective effects on HIRI by attenuating liver injury, inflammatory response, oxidative stress and apoptosis in vivo and in vitro, and its mechanism may be related to down-regulation of NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianqing Song
- Department of General Surgery, Ningbo Fourth Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hengguan Cui
- Department of General Surgery, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weixing Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Fawzy MA, Maher SA, El-Rehany MA, Welson NN, Albezrah NKA, Batiha GES, Fathy M. Vincamine Modulates the Effect of Pantoprazole in Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Attenuating MAPK and Apoptosis Signaling Pathways. Molecules 2022; 27:1383. [PMID: 35209172 PMCID: PMC8879001 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pantoprazole has an antioxidant function against reactive oxygen species (ROS). Vincamine, a herbal candidate, is an indole alkaloid of clinical use against brain sclerosis. The aim of the present experiment is to evaluate, on a molecular level for the first time, the value of vincamine in addition to pantoprazole in treating experimentally induced renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI). One-hundred-and-twenty-eight healthy male Wistar albino rats were included. Serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and malondialdehyde levels were assessed. ELISA was used to estimate the pro-inflammatory cytokines. The expression of Bcl-2 and Bax genes was assessed by quantitative real-time PCR. ERK1/2, JNK1/2, p38, cleaved caspase-3, and NF-κB proteins expressions were estimated using western blot assay. The kidneys were also histopathologically studied. The IRI resulted in impaired cellular functions with increased creatinine, urea nitrogen, malondialdehyde, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β serum levels, and up-regulated NF-ĸB, JNK1/2, ERK1/2, p38, and cleaved caspase-3 proteins. Furthermore, it down-regulated the expression of the Bcl-2 gene and upregulated the Bax gene. The treatment with vincamine, in addition to pantoprazole multiple doses, significantly alleviated the biochemical and histopathological changes more than pantoprazole or vincamine alone, whether the dose is single or multiple, declaring their synergistic effect. In conclusion, vincamine with pantoprazole multiple doses mitigated the renal IRI through the inhibition of apoptosis, attenuation of the extracellular signaling pathways through proinflammatory cytokines' levels, and suppression of the MAPK (ERK1/2, JNK, p38)-NF-κB intracellular signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Fawzy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt;
| | - Sherif A. Maher
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia 61111, Egypt; (S.A.M.); (M.A.E.-R.)
| | - Mahmoud A. El-Rehany
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia 61111, Egypt; (S.A.M.); (M.A.E.-R.)
| | - Nermeen N. Welson
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt;
| | - Nisreen K. A. Albezrah
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt;
| | - Moustafa Fathy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt;
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
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32
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Alaaeldin R, Abdel-Rahman IAM, Hassan HA, Youssef N, Allam AE, Abdelwahab SF, Zhao QL, Fathy M. Carpachromene Ameliorates Insulin Resistance in HepG2 Cells via Modulating IR/IRS1/PI3k/Akt/GSK3/FoxO1 Pathway. Molecules 2021; 26:7629. [PMID: 34946711 PMCID: PMC8708443 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance contributes to several disorders including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Carpachromene is a natural active compound that inhibits α-glucosidase enzyme. The aim of the present study is to investigate the potential activity of carpachromene on glucose consumption, metabolism and insulin signalling in a HepG2 cells insulin resistant model. A HepG2 insulin resistant cell model (HepG2/IRM) was established. Cell viability assay of HepG2/IRM cells was performed after carpachromene/metformin treatment. Glucose concentration and glycogen content were determined. Western blot analysis of insulin receptor, IRS1, IRS2, PI3k, Akt, GSK3, FoxO1 proteins after carpachromene treatment was performed. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and hexokinase (HK) enzymes activity was also estimated. Viability of HepG2/IRM cells was over 90% after carpachromene treatment at concentrations 6.3, 10, and 20 µg/mL. Treatment of HepG2/IRM cells with carpachromene decreased glucose concentration in a concentration- and time-dependant manner. In addition, carpachromene increased glycogen content of HepG2/IRM cells. Moreover, carpachromene treatment of HepG2/IRM cells significantly increased the expression of phosphorylated/total ratios of IR, IRS1, PI3K, Akt, GSK3, and FoxO1 proteins. Furthermore, PEPCK enzyme activity was significantly decreased, and HK enzyme activity was significantly increased after carpachromene treatment. The present study examined, for the first time, the potential antidiabetic activity of carpachromene on a biochemical and molecular basis. It increased the expression ratio of insulin receptor and IRS1 which further phosphorylated/activated PI3K/Akt pathway and phosphorylated/inhibited GSK3 and FoxO1 proteins. Our findings revealed that carpachromene showed central molecular regulation of glucose metabolism and insulin signalling via IR/IRS1/ PI3K/Akt/GSK3/FoxO1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Alaaeldin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia 61111, Egypt;
| | - Iman A. M. Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt;
| | - Heba Ali Hassan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt;
| | - Nancy Youssef
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia 61512, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed E. Allam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt;
| | - Sayed F. Abdelwahab
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Qing-Li Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Moustafa Fathy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
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