1
|
Dou B, Zhu Y, Sun M, Wang L, Tang Y, Tian S, Wang F. Mechanisms of Flavonoids and Their Derivatives in Endothelial Dysfunction Induced by Oxidative Stress in Diabetes. Molecules 2024; 29:3265. [PMID: 39064844 PMCID: PMC11279171 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29143265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic complications pose a significant threat to life and have a negative impact on quality of life in individuals with diabetes. Among the various factors contributing to the development of these complications, endothelial dysfunction plays a key role. The main mechanism underlying endothelial dysfunction in diabetes is oxidative stress, which adversely affects the production and availability of nitric oxide (NO). Flavonoids, a group of phenolic compounds found in vegetables, fruits, and fungi, exhibit strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Several studies have provided evidence to suggest that flavonoids have a protective effect on diabetic complications. This review focuses on the imbalance between reactive oxygen species and the antioxidant system, as well as the changes in endothelial factors in diabetes. Furthermore, we summarize the protective mechanisms of flavonoids and their derivatives on endothelial dysfunction in diabetes by alleviating oxidative stress and modulating other signaling pathways. Although several studies underline the positive influence of flavonoids and their derivatives on endothelial dysfunction induced by oxidative stress in diabetes, numerous aspects still require clarification, such as optimal consumption levels, bioavailability, and side effects. Consequently, further investigations are necessary to enhance our understanding of the therapeutic potential of flavonoids and their derivatives in the treatment of diabetic complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Furong Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhu M, Sun Y, Su Y, Guan W, Wang Y, Han J, Wang S, Yang B, Wang Q, Kuang H. Luteolin: A promising multifunctional natural flavonoid for human diseases. Phytother Res 2024; 38:3417-3443. [PMID: 38666435 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Natural products are closely associated with human health. Luteolin (LUT), a flavonoid polyphenolic compound, is widely found in fruits, vegetables, flowers, and herbs. It is noteworthy that LUT exhibits a variety of beneficial pharmacological properties and holds significant potential for clinical applications, particularly in antitumor, anti-convulsion, diabetes control, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotection, anti-oxidation, anti-cardiovascular, and other aspects. The potential mechanism of action has been partially elucidated, including the mediation of NF-κB, toll-like receptor, MAPK, Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/Akt, AMPK/mTOR, and Nrf-2, among others. The review that aimed to comprehensively consolidate essential information on natural sources, pharmacological effects, therapeutic and preventive potential, as well as potential mechanisms of LUT. The objective is to establish a theoretical basis for the continued development and application of LUT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingtao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Yanping Sun
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Su
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Guan
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Jianwei Han
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Bingyou Yang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Qiuhong Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haixue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mendes L, Queiroz M, Sena CM. Melatonin and Vascular Function. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:747. [PMID: 38929187 PMCID: PMC11200504 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The indolamine hormone melatonin, also known as N-acetyl-5-methoxytrypamine, is frequently associated with circadian rhythm regulation. Light can suppress melatonin secretion, and photoperiod regulates melatonin levels by promoting its production and secretion at night in response to darkness. This hormone is becoming more and more understood for its functions as an immune-modulatory, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant hormone. Melatonin may have a major effect on several diabetes-related disturbances, such as hormonal imbalances, oxidative stress, sleep disturbances, and mood disorders, according to recent research. This has raised interest in investigating the possible therapeutic advantages of melatonin in the treatment of diabetic complications. In addition, several studies have described that melatonin has been linked to the development of diabetes, cancer, Alzheimer's disease, immune system disorders, and heart diseases. In this review, we will highlight some of the functions of melatonin regarding vascular biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cristina M. Sena
- Institute of Physiology, iCBR, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang Y, Wang X, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Zhen X, Tao S, Dou J, Li P, Jiang G. Perivascular fat tissue and vascular aging: A sword and a shield. Pharmacol Res 2024; 203:107140. [PMID: 38513826 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
The understanding of the function of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) in vascular aging has significantly changed due to the increasing amount of information regarding its biology. Adipose tissue surrounding blood vessels is increasingly recognized as a key regulator of vascular disorders. It has significant endocrine and paracrine effects on the vasculature and is mediated by the production of a variety of bioactive chemicals. It also participates in a number of pathological regulatory processes, including oxidative stress, immunological inflammation, lipid metabolism, vasoconstriction, and dilation. Mechanisms of homeostasis and interactions between cells at the local level tightly regulate the function and secretory repertoire of PVAT, which can become dysregulated during vascular aging. The PVAT secretion group changes from being reducing inflammation and lowering cholesterol to increasing inflammation and increasing cholesterol in response to systemic or local inflammation and insulin resistance. In addition, the interaction between the PVAT and the vasculature is reciprocal, and the biological processes of PVAT are directly influenced by the pertinent indicators of vascular aging. The architectural and biological traits of PVAT, the molecular mechanism of crosstalk between PVAT and vascular aging, and the clinical correlation of vascular age-related disorders are all summarized in this review. In addition, this paper aims to elucidate and evaluate the potential benefits of therapeutically targeting PVAT in the context of mitigating vascular aging. Furthermore, it will discuss the latest advancements in technology used for targeting PVAT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xianmin Wang
- Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang 830000, China
| | - Yang Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang 830011, China
| | - Yuelin Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xianjie Zhen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Siyu Tao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jinfang Dou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Peng Li
- Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang 830000, China
| | - Guangjian Jiang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang 830011, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang S, Wu J, Wang L, Mu L, Xu X, Li J, Tang G, Chen G, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Feng Y. SIRT1/P53 in retinal pigment epithelial cells in diabetic retinopathy: a gene co-expression analysis and He-Ying-Qing-Re formula treatment. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1366020. [PMID: 38633216 PMCID: PMC11021775 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1366020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a severe diabetic complication that leads to severe visual impairment or blindness. He-Ying-Qing-Re formula (HF), a traditional Chinese medicinal concoction, has been identified as an efficient therapy for DR with retinal vascular dysfunction for decades and has been experimentally reported to ameliorate retinal conditions in diabetic mice. This study endeavors to explore the therapeutic potential of HF with key ingredients in DR and its underlying novel mechanisms. Methods Co-expression gene modules and hub genes were calculated by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) based on transcriptome sequencing data from high-glucose-treated adult retinal pigment epithelial cell line-19 (ARPE-19). The chromatographic fingerprint of HF was established by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS). The molecular affinity of the herbal compound was measured by molecular docking. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured by a DCFDA/H2DCFDA assay. Apoptosis was detected using the TUNEL Assay Kit, while ELISA, Western blot, and real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were used for detecting the cytokine, protein, and mRNA expressions, respectively. Results Key compounds in HF were identified as luteolin, paeoniflorin, and nobiletin. For WGCNA, ME-salmon ("protein deacetylation") was negatively correlated with ME-purple ("oxidative impairment") in high-glucose-treated ARPE-19. Luteolin has a high affinity for SIRT1 and P53, as indicated by molecular docking. Luteolin has a hypoglycemic effect on type I diabetic mice. Moreover, HF and luteolin suppress oxidative stress production (ROS and MDA), inflammatory factor expression (IL-6, TNF-α, IL1-β, and MCP-1), and apoptosis, as shown in the in vivo and in vitro experiments. Concurrently, treatment with HF and luteolin led to an upregulation of SIRT1 and a corresponding downregulation of P53. Conclusion Using HF and its active compound luteolin as therapeutic agents offers a promising approach to diabetic retinopathy treatment. It primarily suppressed protein acetylation and oxidative stress via the SIRT1/P53 pathway in retinal pigment epithelial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuyan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jiajun Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Leilei Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Mu
- Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jiahui Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Guoyi Tang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Guang Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yinjian Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Moldovan R, Mitrea DR, Florea A, David L, Mureşan LE, Chiş IC, Suciu ŞM, Moldovan BE, Lenghel M, Chiriac LB, Ielciu I, Hanganu D, Bab T, Clichici S. Effects of Gold Nanoparticles Functionalized with Cornus mas L. Fruit Extract on the Aorta Wall in Rats with a High-Fat Diet and Experimental-Induced Diabetes Mellitus-An Imaging Study. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1101. [PMID: 36985995 PMCID: PMC10051497 DOI: 10.3390/nano13061101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus and high-fat diets trigger the mechanisms that alter the walls of blood vessels. Gold nanoparticles, as new pharmaceutical drug delivery systems, may be used in the treatment of different diseases. In our study, the aorta was investigated via imaging after the oral administration of gold nanoparticles functionalized with bioactive compounds derived from Cornus mas fruit extract (AuNPsCM) in rats with a high-fat diet and diabetes mellitus. Sprague Dawley female rats that received a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 months were injected with streptozotocin to develop diabetes mellitus (DM). The rats were randomly allocated into five groups and were treated, for one additional month with HFD, with carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), insulin, pioglitazone, AuNPsCM solution or with Cornus mas L. extract solution. The aorta imaging investigation consisted of echography, magnetic resonance imaging and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Compared to the rats that received only CMC, the oral administration of AuNPsCM produced significant increases in aorta volume and significant decreases in blood flow velocity, with ultrastructural disorganization of the aorta wall. The oral administration of AuNPsCM altered the aorta wall with effects on the blood flow.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Remus Moldovan
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 1–3 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Daniela-Rodica Mitrea
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 1–3 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adrian Florea
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Luminiţa David
- Research Center for Advanced Chemical Analysis, Instrumentation and Chemometrics, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babes-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos Street, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Laura Elena Mureşan
- Raluca Ripan Institute of Research in Chemistry, Babes-Bolyai University, 30 Fantanele Street, 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Irina Camelia Chiş
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 1–3 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Şoimița Mihaela Suciu
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 1–3 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Bianca Elena Moldovan
- Research Center for Advanced Chemical Analysis, Instrumentation and Chemometrics, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babes-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos Street, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Manuela Lenghel
- Radiology Department, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 1–3 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Liviu Bogdan Chiriac
- Medical Biophysics, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400394 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Faculty of Physics, Babeş-Bolyai University, 1 Mihail Kogalniceanu Street, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Irina Ielciu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 400010 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Daniela Hanganu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu Hatieganu, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Timea Bab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu Hatieganu, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- SC PlantExtrakt SRL, Radaia, 407059 Cluj, Romania
| | - Simona Clichici
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 1–3 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang Y, Guo X, Sun D, Kassab GS. Roles of Gastric Emptying and Gastrointestinal Transit Following Ileal Interposition in Alleviating Diabetes in Goto-Kakizaki Rats. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:849923. [PMID: 35311237 PMCID: PMC8924662 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.849923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the change of gastrointestinal (GI) emptying time after ileal interposition (IT) and elucidate the role of altered GI peristalsis in diabetic control. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twelve male Goto-Kakizaki rats were randomly divided into IT and sham groups. Body weight and food intake were recorded. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), insulin tolerance test (ITT), plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and gastric emptying were measured at baseline and 4 and 8 weeks after operation. At 9 weeks postoperatively, the rats in the IT group were given atropine which can suppress the emptying of stomach and upper intestine, while sham rats were given metoclopramide (to expedite gastric emptying) for 1 week. At week 10 postoperatively, OGTT and GLP-1 were detected. The intestinal transit was tested at postoperative 12 weeks. RESULTS No differences were found between groups at baseline. After operation, the IT rats had lower body weight than sham rats. At 4 and 8 weeks postoperatively, the IT group showed better OGTT and ITT, with significantly elevated GLP-1 relative to sham. After administration of the GI motility drugs, however, the effect of diabetic control for the two groups became similar. The GI transit after IT was significantly slower than sham at all tested time points. CONCLUSIONS Although IT inhibits the GI transit time, the earlier interaction between undigested nutrients and interpositioned ileum promotes gut hormone secretion and thus reduces body weight and alleviates hyperglycemia. A decrease of GI transit of IT rats exacerbates the antidiabetic effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanmin Wang
- California Medical Innovations Institute, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Xiaomei Guo
- California Medical Innovations Institute, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ghassan S. Kassab
- California Medical Innovations Institute, San Diego, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Ghassan S. Kassab,
| |
Collapse
|