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Fattahi M, Alamdari-Palangi V, Rahimi Jaberi K, Ehtiati S, Ojaghi S, Rahimi-Jaberi A, Samavarchi Tehrani S, Dang P, Movahedpour A, Hossein Khatami S. Exosomal long non-coding RNAs in glioblastoma. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 553:117705. [PMID: 38086498 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most prevalent primary tumor found in the central nervous system, accounting for 70% of all adult brain tumors. The median overall survival rate is one year post-diagnosis with treatment, and only four months without treatment. Current GBM diagnostic methods, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), surgery, and brain biopsies, have limitations. These include difficulty distinguishing between tumor recurrence and post-surgical necrotic regions, and operative risks associated with obtaining histological samples through direct surgery or biopsies. Consequently, there is a need for rapid, inexpensive, and minimally invasive techniques for early diagnosis and improved subsequent treatment. Research has shown that tumor-derived exosomes containing various long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical regulatory roles in immunomodulation, cancer metastasis, cancer development, and drug resistance in GBM. They regulate genes that enhance cancer growth and progression and alter the expression of several key signaling pathways. Due to the specificity and sensitivity of exosomal lncRNAs, they have the potential to be used as biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis, as well as to monitor a patient's response to chemotherapy for GBM. In this review, we discuss the role of exosomal lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of GBM and their potential clinical applications for early diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Fattahi
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam; School of Engineering & Technology, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam
| | - Vahab Alamdari-Palangi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Khojaste Rahimi Jaberi
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sajad Ehtiati
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Ojaghi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Rahimi-Jaberi
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Clinical Neurology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sadra Samavarchi Tehrani
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Phuyen Dang
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam; School of Engineering & Technology, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam
| | | | - Seyyed Hossein Khatami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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2
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Morini M, Raggi F, Bartolucci M, Petretto A, Ardito M, Rossi C, Segalerba D, Garaventa A, Eva A, Cangelosi D, Bosco MC. Plasma-Derived Exosome Proteins as Novel Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers in Neuroblastoma Patients. Cells 2023; 12:2516. [PMID: 37947594 PMCID: PMC10649754 DOI: 10.3390/cells12212516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumor during infancy, causing up to 10% of mortality in children; thus, identifying novel early and accurate diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers is mandatory. NB-derived exosomes carry proteins (Exo-prots) reflecting the status of the tumor cell of origin. The purpose of this study was to characterize, for the first time, the Exo-prots specifically expressed in NB patients associated with tumor phenotype and disease stage. We isolated exosomes from plasma specimens of 24 HR-NB patients and 24 low-risk (LR-NB) patients at diagnosis and of 24 age-matched healthy controls (CTRL). Exo-prot expression was measured by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The data are available via ProteomeXchange (PXD042422). The NB patients had a different Exo-prot expression profile compared to the CTRL. The deregulated Exo-prots in the NB specimens acted mainly in the tumor-associated pathways. The HR-NB patients showed a different Exo-prot expression profile compared to the LR-NB patients, with the modulation of proteins involved in cell migration, proliferation and metastasis. NCAM, NCL, LUM and VASP demonstrated a diagnostic value in discriminating the NB patients from the CTRL; meanwhile, MYH9, FN1, CALR, AKAP12 and LTBP1 were able to differentiate between the HR-NB and LR-NB patients with high accuracy. Therefore, Exo-prots contribute to NB tumor development and to the aggressive metastatic NB phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Morini
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapies in Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy; (M.M.); (M.A.); (D.S.)
| | - Federica Raggi
- Unit of Autoinflammatory Diseases and Immunodeficiencies, Pediatric Rheumatology Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy; (C.R.); (M.C.B.)
| | - Martina Bartolucci
- Core Facilities, Clinical Proteomics and Metabolomics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy; (M.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Andrea Petretto
- Core Facilities, Clinical Proteomics and Metabolomics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy; (M.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Martina Ardito
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapies in Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy; (M.M.); (M.A.); (D.S.)
| | - Chiara Rossi
- Unit of Autoinflammatory Diseases and Immunodeficiencies, Pediatric Rheumatology Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy; (C.R.); (M.C.B.)
| | - Daniela Segalerba
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapies in Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy; (M.M.); (M.A.); (D.S.)
| | - Alberto Garaventa
- Pediatric Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Eva
- Scientific Directorate, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy;
| | - Davide Cangelosi
- Clinical Bioinfomatics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy;
| | - Maria Carla Bosco
- Unit of Autoinflammatory Diseases and Immunodeficiencies, Pediatric Rheumatology Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy; (C.R.); (M.C.B.)
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3
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Pelassa S, Raggi F, Rossi C, Bosco MC. MicroRNAs in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: State of the Art and Future Perspectives. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:991. [PMID: 37508421 PMCID: PMC10376583 DOI: 10.3390/biology12070991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) represents the most common chronic pediatric arthritis in Western countries and a leading cause of disability in children. Despite recent clinical achievements, patient management is still hindered by a lack of diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers and targeted treatment protocols. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs playing a key role in gene regulation, and their involvement in many pathologies has been widely reported in the literature. In recent decades, miRNA's contribution to the regulation of the immune system and the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases has been demonstrated. Furthermore, miRNAs isolated from patients' biological samples are currently under investigation for their potential as novel biomarkers. This review aims to provide an overview of the state of the art on miRNA investigation in JIA. The literature addressing the expression of miRNAs in different types of biological samples isolated from JIA patients was reviewed, focusing in particular on their potential application as diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers. The role of miRNAs in the regulation of immune responses in affected joints will also be discussed along with their potential utility as markers of patients' responses to therapeutic approaches. This information will be of value to investigators in the field of pediatric rheumatology, encouraging further research to increase our knowledge of miRNAs' potential for future clinical applications in JIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Pelassa
- UOC Rheumatology and Autoinflammatory Diseases, Department of Pediatric Sciences, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Federica Raggi
- UOC Rheumatology and Autoinflammatory Diseases, Department of Pediatric Sciences, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Chiara Rossi
- UOC Rheumatology and Autoinflammatory Diseases, Department of Pediatric Sciences, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Maria Carla Bosco
- UOC Rheumatology and Autoinflammatory Diseases, Department of Pediatric Sciences, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 16147 Genova, Italy
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Yang L, Cheng X, Shi W, Li H, Zhang Q, Huang S, Huang X, Wen S, Gan J, Liao Z, Sun J, Liang J, Ouyang Y, He M. Vasorin Deletion in C57BL/6J Mice Induces Hepatocyte Autophagy through Glycogen-Mediated mTOR Regulation. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14173600. [PMID: 36079859 PMCID: PMC9460126 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal vasorin (Vasn) expression occurs in multiple diseases, particularly liver cancers. Vasn knockout (KO) in mice causes malnutrition, a shortened life span, and decreased physiological functions. However, the causes and underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we established Vasn KO C57BL/6J mice by using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. The animals were weighed, and histology, immunohistochemistry, electronic microscopy, and liver function tests were used to examine any change in the livers. Autophagy markers were detected by Western blotting. MicroRNA (miRNA) sequencing was performed on liver samples and analyses to study the signaling pathway altered by Vasn KO. Significant reductions in mice body and liver weight, accompanied by abnormal liver function, liver injury, and reduced glycogen accumulation in hepatocytes, were observed in the Vasn KO mice. The deficiency of Vasn also significantly increased the number of autophagosomes and the expression of LC3A/B-II/I but decreased SQSTM1/p62 levels in hepatocytes, suggesting aberrant activation of autophagy. Vasn deficiency inhibited glycogen-mediated mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) phosphorylation and activated Unc-51-like kinase 1 (ULK1) signaling, suggesting that Vasn deletion upregulates hepatocyte autophagy through the mTOR-ULK1 signaling pathway as a possible cause of diminished life span and health. Our results indicate that Vasn is required for the homeostasis of liver glycogen metabolism upstream of hepatocyte autophagy, suggesting research values for regulating Vasn in pathways related to liver physiology and functions. Overall, this study provides new insight into the role of Vasn in liver functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichao Yang
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xiaojing Cheng
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
- Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Hui Li
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Shiping Huang
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xuejing Huang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Sha Wen
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Ji Gan
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Zhouxiang Liao
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Junming Sun
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Jinning Liang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yiqiang Ouyang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
- Correspondence: (Y.O.); (M.H.); Tel.: +86-771-5629860 (M.H.)
| | - Min He
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
- Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Nanning 530021, China
- Correspondence: (Y.O.); (M.H.); Tel.: +86-771-5629860 (M.H.)
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Paolini A, Baldassarre A, Bruno SP, Felli C, Muzi C, Ahmadi Badi S, Siadat SD, Sarshar M, Masotti A. Improving the Diagnostic Potential of Extracellular miRNAs Coupled to Multiomics Data by Exploiting the Power of Artificial Intelligence. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:888414. [PMID: 35756065 PMCID: PMC9218639 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.888414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the clinical use of extracellular miRNAs as potential biomarkers of disease has increasingly emerged as a new and powerful tool. Serum, urine, saliva and stool contain miRNAs that can exert regulatory effects not only in surrounding epithelial cells but can also modulate bacterial gene expression, thus acting as a “master regulator” of many biological processes. We think that in order to have a holistic picture of the health status of an individual, we have to consider comprehensively many “omics” data, such as miRNAs profiling form different parts of the body and their interactions with cells and bacteria. Moreover, Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) algorithms coupled to other multiomics data (i.e., big data) could help researchers to classify better the patient’s molecular characteristics and drive clinicians to identify personalized therapeutic strategies. Here, we highlight how the integration of “multiomic” data (i.e., miRNAs profiling and microbiota signature) with other omics (i.e., metabolomics, exposomics) analyzed by AI algorithms could improve the diagnostic and prognostic potential of specific biomarkers of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Paolini
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Paola Bruno
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Science, University Roma Tre, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Felli
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Chantal Muzi
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Ahmadi Badi
- Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Davar Siadat
- Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meysam Sarshar
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Masotti
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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