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Wang B, Wang H, Huang J, Zhao T. Association between Unsaturated Fatty Acid-Type Diet and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analyses. Nutrients 2024; 16:1974. [PMID: 38931327 PMCID: PMC11206385 DOI: 10.3390/nu16121974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disorder that affects multiple organ systems, with a higher prevalence among women in their reproductive years. The disease's multifactorial etiology involves genetic, environmental, and hormonal components. Recent studies have highlighted the potential impact of dietary factors, particularly unsaturated fatty acids, on the modulation of SLE due to their anti-inflammatory properties. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the association between unsaturated fatty acid consumption and the risk, progression, and clinical manifestations of SLE, providing evidence-based guidance for dietary management. METHODS We conducted a comprehensive search across major medical databases up to January 2024, focusing on studies that examined the intake of unsaturated fatty acids and the impact of such intake on SLE. Using the PICOS (population, intervention, comparator, outcomes, study design) framework, we included randomized controlled trials and case-control studies, assessing outcomes such as SLE activity, measured by SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) or the British Isles Lupus Assessment Group (BILAG) index, inflammation biomarkers. Studies were analyzed using either a fixed- or random-effects model based on heterogeneity (I2 statistic), with sensitivity analyses performed to assess the robustness of the findings. RESULTS Our search included 10 studies, encompassing a wide variety of designs and populations. The meta-analysis showed that a diet rich in unsaturated fatty acids is significantly associated with a reduction in SLEDAI scores (pooled SMD) of -0.36, 95% CI: -0.61 to -0.11, p = 0.007, indicating a beneficial effect on disease activity. Additionally, we found that unsaturated fatty acid intake has a significant impact on HDL levels, suggesting a positive effect on lipid profiles. However, no significant effects were observed on levels of the inflammatory marker IL-6 or other lipid components (LDL and cholesterol). With minimal heterogeneity among studies (I2 ≤ 15%), sensitivity analysis confirmed the stability and reliability of these results, highlighting the potential role of unsaturated fatty acids in SLE management. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis suggests that dietary intake of unsaturated fatty acids may play a positive role in reducing SLE activity and may significantly affect HDL levels without having significant effects on inflammation markers or other lipid profiles. These findings support the inclusion of unsaturated fatty acids in the dietary management of SLE patients, although further research is required to refine dietary recommendations and explore the mechanisms underlying these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bozhou Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (B.W.); (H.W.); (J.H.)
| | - Hanzheng Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (B.W.); (H.W.); (J.H.)
| | - Jinge Huang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (B.W.); (H.W.); (J.H.)
| | - Ting Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, Research Institute of Chinese Medical Clinical Foundation and Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
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Zhao G, Shi R, Ma M, Lin H, Zhang J, Sheng B. Elevated LDL-c may warn of the risk of gallbladder stones in the patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: A case-control study. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2024; 48:102363. [PMID: 38703815 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2024.102363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to explore the relationship between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and the development of new-onset gallbladder stone disease (GSD) and to identify factors that influence the occurrence of new-onset GSD in patients with MASLD. METHODS In this retrospective case-control study, patients who underwent asymptomatic GSD screening during annual routine health check-ups at two hospitals in China between August 2017 and July 2022 were included. Patients with new-onset GSD and controls without GSD were matched 1:1 based on age, sex, race, occupation, diet, drinking habits, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and fasting blood glucose levels. RESULTS The study comprised 1200 patients with new-onset GSD and 1200 controls without GSD. Patients with new-onset GSD had higher rates of MASLD (33.8% vs. 22.2 %, P < 0.001) and hypercholesterolemia (12.6% vs. 7.2 %, P < 0.001) compared to controls. Waist circumference (WC) (OR = 1.042, 95 % CI: 1.022-1.063, P < 0.001), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) (OR = 0.048, 95 % CI: 0.037-0.062, P < 0.001), triglycerides (OR = 0.819, 95 % CI: 0.699-0.958, P = 0.013), and hypercholesterolemia (OR = 5.023, 95 % CI: 2.735-9.225, P < 0.001) were independently associated with new-onset GSD. Among patients with MASLD, WC (OR = 1.075, 95 % CI: 1.026-1.127, P = 0.003), total cholesterol (TC) (OR = 2.094, 95 % CI: 1.259-3.484, P = 0.004), HDL-c (OR = 0.088, 95 % CI: 0.054-0.142, P < 0.001), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) (OR = 4.056, 95 % CI: 2.669-6.163, P < 0.001) were independently associated with new-onset GSD. CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate that hypercholesterolemia is independently associated with GSD. Among patients with MASLD, hypercholesterolemia also showed an independent association with GSD. Notably, this study is the first to identify serum LDL-c levels as potentially the most significant risk factor for GSD, highlighting that elevated LDL-c could serve as an important indicator for individuals with MASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guifen Zhao
- Department of Physical Examination and Health Care, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital), Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Ran'geng Shi
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Mao Ma
- Department of Geriatric Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Hairong Lin
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Jianqin Zhang
- Shaanxi Nutrition Society, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Binwu Sheng
- Department of Geriatric Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
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Christ C, Ocskay Z, Kovács G, Jakus Z. Characterization of Atherosclerotic Mice Reveals a Sex-Dependent Susceptibility to Plaque Calcification but No Major Changes in the Lymphatics in the Arterial Wall. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4046. [PMID: 38612867 PMCID: PMC11012298 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Lymphatics participate in reverse cholesterol transport, and their presence in the arterial wall of the great vessels and prior experimental results suggest their possible role in the development of atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to characterize the lymphatic vasculature of the arterial wall in atherosclerosis. Tissue sections and tissue-cleared aortas of wild-type mice unveiled significant differences in the density of the arterial lymphatic network throughout the arterial tree. Male and female Ldlr-/- and ApoE-/- mice on a Western diet showed sex-dependent differences in plaque formation and calcification. Female mice on a Western diet developed more calcification of atherosclerotic plaques than males. The lymphatic vessels within the aortic wall of these mice showed no major changes regarding the number of lymphatic junctions and end points or the lymphatic area. However, female mice on a Western diet showed moderate dilation of lymphatic vessels in the abdominal aorta and exhibited indications of increased peripheral lymphatic function, findings that require further studies to understand the role of lymphatics in the arterial wall during the development of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zoltán Jakus
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (C.C.); (Z.O.); (G.K.)
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4
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Li Z, Zheng D, Zhang T, Ruan S, Li N, Yu Y, Peng Y, Wang D. The roles of nuclear receptors in cholesterol metabolism and reverse cholesterol transport in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatol Commun 2024; 8:e0343. [PMID: 38099854 PMCID: PMC10727660 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
As the most prevalent chronic liver disease globally, NAFLD encompasses a pathological process that ranges from simple steatosis to NASH, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and HCC, closely associated with numerous extrahepatic diseases. While the initial etiology was believed to be hepatocyte injury caused by lipid toxicity from accumulated triglycerides, recent studies suggest that an imbalance of cholesterol homeostasis is of greater significance. The role of nuclear receptors in regulating liver cholesterol homeostasis has been demonstrated to be crucial. This review summarizes the roles and regulatory mechanisms of nuclear receptors in the 3 main aspects of cholesterol production, excretion, and storage in the liver, as well as their cross talk in reverse cholesterol transport. It is hoped that this review will offer new insights and theoretical foundations for the study of the pathogenesis and progression of NAFLD and provide new research directions for extrahepatic diseases associated with NAFLD.
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5
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Man Wu R, Wang CY, Wang J, Xu XL. Promoting reverse cholesterol transport contributes to the amelioration of atherosclerosis by paeoniflorin. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 961:176137. [PMID: 37939989 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) offers a practical approach to mitigating atherosclerosis. Paeoniflorin, a monoterpenoid glycoside found in plants of the Paeoniaceae family, has shown various effects on cardiovascular and liver diseases. Nevertheless, its impact on atherosclerosis in vivo remains poorly understood. The objective of this study is to examine the effect of paeoniflorin on atherosclerosis using apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice and explore the underlying mechanisms, with a specific focus on its modulation of RCT. ApoE-/- mice were continuously administered paeoniflorin by gavage for three months. We assessed lipid parameters in serum and examined pathological changes and gene expressions related to RCT pathways in the aorta, liver, and intestine. In an in vitro study, we utilized RAW264.7 macrophages to investigate the inhibitory effect of paeoniflorin on foam cell formation and its potential to promote RCT. The results revealed that paeoniflorin reduced atherosclerosis, alleviated hyperlipidemia, and mitigated hepatic steatosis. Paeoniflorin may promote RCT by stimulating cholesterol efflux from macrophages via the liver X receptor alpha pathway, enhancing serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I levels, and regulating key genes in hepatic and intestinal RCT. Additionally, treatment ApoE-/- mice with paeoniflorin suppressed the expression of inflammation-related genes, including CD68, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and mitigated oxidative stress in both the aorta and liver. Our results indicated that paeoniflorin has the potential to be a more effective and safer treatment for atherosclerosis, thanks to its promotion of RCT and its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo Man Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Nantong University Pharmacy College, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Chun Yan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Nantong University Pharmacy College, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Nantong University Pharmacy College, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Xiao Le Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Nantong University Pharmacy College, Nantong, 226001, China.
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Dubner AM, Lu S, Jolly AJ, Strand KA, Mutryn MF, Hinthorn T, Noble T, Nemenoff RA, Moulton KS, Majesky MW, Weiser-Evans MC. Smooth muscle-derived adventitial progenitor cells direct atherosclerotic plaque composition complexity in a Klf4-dependent manner. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e174639. [PMID: 37991018 PMCID: PMC10755692 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.174639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously established that vascular smooth muscle-derived adventitial progenitor cells (AdvSca1-SM) preferentially differentiate into myofibroblasts and contribute to fibrosis in response to acute vascular injury. However, the role of these progenitor cells in chronic atherosclerosis has not been defined. Using an AdvSca1-SM cell lineage tracing model, scRNA-Seq, flow cytometry, and histological approaches, we confirmed that AdvSca1-SM-derived cells localized throughout the vessel wall and atherosclerotic plaques, where they primarily differentiated into fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells (SMC), or remained in a stem-like state. Krüppel-like factor 4 (Klf4) knockout specifically in AdvSca1-SM cells induced transition to a more collagen-enriched fibroblast phenotype compared with WT mice. Additionally, Klf4 deletion drastically modified the phenotypes of non-AdvSca1-SM-derived cells, resulting in more contractile SMC and atheroprotective macrophages. Functionally, overall plaque burden was not altered with Klf4 deletion, but multiple indices of plaque composition complexity, including necrotic core area, macrophage accumulation, and fibrous cap thickness, were reduced. Collectively, these data support that modulation of AdvSca1-SM cells through KLF4 depletion confers increased protection from the development of potentially unstable atherosclerotic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison M. Dubner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension
- Integrated Physiology PhD Program
| | - Sizhao Lu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension
- School of Medicine, Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation
| | - Austin J. Jolly
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Keith A. Strand
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension
| | - Marie F. Mutryn
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension
| | - Tyler Hinthorn
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension
- Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology MS program, University of Colorado Graduate School, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Tysen Noble
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension
- Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology MS program, University of Colorado Graduate School, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Raphael A. Nemenoff
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension
- School of Medicine, Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation
| | - Karen S. Moulton
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Mark W. Majesky
- Center for Developmental Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics, Laboratory Medicine & and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Mary C.M. Weiser-Evans
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension
- Integrated Physiology PhD Program
- School of Medicine, Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Li W, Pang Y, Jin K, Wang Y, Wu Y, Luo J, Xu W, Zhang X, Xu R, Wang T, Jiao L. Membrane contact sites orchestrate cholesterol homeostasis that is central to vascular aging. WIREs Mech Dis 2023; 15:e1612. [PMID: 37156598 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Chronological age causes structural and functional vascular deterioration and is a well-established risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases, leading to more than 40% of all deaths in the elderly. The etiology of vascular aging is complex; a significant impact arises from impaired cholesterol homeostasis. Cholesterol level is balanced through synthesis, uptake, transport, and esterification, the processes executed by multiple organelles. Moreover, organelles responsible for cholesterol homeostasis are spatially and functionally coordinated instead of isolated by forming the membrane contact sites. Membrane contact, mediated by specific protein-protein interaction, pulls opposing organelles together and creates the hybrid place for cholesterol transfer and further signaling. The membrane contact-dependent cholesterol transfer, together with the vesicular transport, maintains cholesterol homeostasis and has intimate implications in a growing list of diseases, including vascular aging-related diseases. Here, we summarized the latest advances regarding cholesterol homeostasis by highlighting the membrane contact-based regulatory mechanism. We also describe the downstream signaling under cholesterol homeostasis perturbations, prominently in cholesterol-rich conditions, stimulating age-dependent organelle dysfunction and vascular aging. Finally, we discuss potential cholesterol-targeting strategies for therapists regarding vascular aging-related diseases. This article is categorized under: Cardiovascular Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Li
- Laboratory of Computational Biology and Machine Intelligence, National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yiyun Pang
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kehan Jin
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuru Wang
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Wu
- Laboratory of Computational Biology and Machine Intelligence, National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jichang Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Wenlong Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Ran Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Liqun Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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8
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Vitulo M, Gnodi E, Rosini G, Meneveri R, Giovannoni R, Barisani D. Current Therapeutical Approaches Targeting Lipid Metabolism in NAFLD. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12748. [PMID: 37628929 PMCID: PMC10454602 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD, including nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)) is a high-prevalence disorder, affecting about 1 billion people, which can evolve to more severe conditions like cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD is often concomitant with conditions of the metabolic syndrome, such as central obesity and insulin-resistance, but a specific drug able to revert NAFL and prevent its evolution towards NASH is still lacking. With the liver being a key organ in metabolic processes, the potential therapeutic strategies are many, and range from directly targeting the lipid metabolism to the prevention of tissue inflammation. However, side effects have been reported for the drugs tested up to now. In this review, different approaches to the treatment of NAFLD are presented, including newer therapies and ongoing clinical trials. Particular focus is placed on the reverse cholesterol transport system and on the agonists for nuclear factors like PPAR and FXR, but also drugs initially developed for other conditions such as incretins and thyromimetics along with validated natural compounds that have anti-inflammatory potential. This work provides an overview of the different therapeutic strategies currently being tested for NAFLD, other than, or along with, the recommendation of weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Vitulo
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (M.V.); (E.G.); (R.M.)
| | - Elisa Gnodi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (M.V.); (E.G.); (R.M.)
| | - Giulia Rosini
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56021 Pisa, Italy; (G.R.); (R.G.)
| | - Raffaella Meneveri
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (M.V.); (E.G.); (R.M.)
| | - Roberto Giovannoni
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56021 Pisa, Italy; (G.R.); (R.G.)
| | - Donatella Barisani
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (M.V.); (E.G.); (R.M.)
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Dubner AM, Lu S, Jolly AJ, Strand KA, Mutryn MF, Hinthorn T, Noble T, Nemenoff RA, Moulton KS, Majesky MW, Weiser-Evans MCM. Smooth muscle-derived adventitial progenitor cells promote key cell type transitions controlling plaque stability in atherosclerosis in a Klf4-dependent manner. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.18.549539. [PMID: 37503181 PMCID: PMC10370085 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.18.549539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
We previously established that vascular smooth muscle-derived adventitial progenitor cells (AdvSca1-SM) preferentially differentiate into myofibroblasts and contribute to fibrosis in response to acute vascular injury. However, the role of these progenitor cells in chronic atherosclerosis has not been defined. Using an AdvSca1-SM lineage tracing model, scRNA-Seq, flow cytometry, and histological approaches, we confirmed that AdvSca1-SM cells localize throughout the vessel wall and atherosclerotic plaques, where they primarily differentiate into fibroblasts, SMCs, or remain in a stem-like state. Klf4 knockout specifically in AdvSca1-SM cells induced transition to a more collagen-enriched myofibroblast phenotype compared to WT mice. Additionally, Klf4 depletion drastically modified the phenotypes of non-AdvSca1-SM-derived cells, resulting in more contractile SMCs and atheroprotective macrophages. Functionally, overall plaque burden was not altered with Klf4 depletion, but multiple indices of plaque vulnerability were reduced. Collectively, these data support that modulating the AdvSca1-SM population confers increased protection from the development of unstable atherosclerotic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison M Dubner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Integrated Physiology PhD Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sizhao Lu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- School of Medicine, Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Austin J Jolly
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Keith A Strand
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Marie F Mutryn
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Tyler Hinthorn
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology MS program, University of Colorado Graduate School, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Tysen Noble
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology MS program, University of Colorado Graduate School, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Raphael A Nemenoff
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- School of Medicine, Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Karen S Moulton
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Mark W Majesky
- Center for Developmental Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101
- Departments of Pediatrics, Laboratory Medicine & and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195
| | - Mary CM Weiser-Evans
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Integrated Physiology PhD Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- School of Medicine, Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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10
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Al-Kuraishy HM, Hussien NR, Al-Niemi MS, Fahad EH, Al-Buhadily AK, Al-Gareeb AI, Al-Hamash SM, Tsagkaris C, Papadakis M, Alexiou A, Batiha GES. SARS-CoV-2 induced HDL dysfunction may affect the host's response to and recovery from COVID-19. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e861. [PMID: 37249296 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Covid-19 is linked with the development of cardio-metabolic disorders, including dyslipidemia, dysregulation of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Furthermore, SARS-Co-2 infection is associated with noteworthy changes in lipid profile, which is suggested as a possible biomarker to support the diagnosis and management of Covid-19. METHODS This paper adopts the literature review method to obtain information about how Covid-19 affects high-risk group patients and may cause severe and critical effects due to the development of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome. A narrative and comprehensive review is presented. RESULTS Reducing HDL in Covid-19 is connected to the disease severity and poor clinical outcomes, suggesting that high HDL serum levels could benefit Covid-19. SARS-CoV-2 binds HDL, and this complex is attached to the co-localized receptors, facilitating viral entry. Therefore, SARS-CoV-2 infection may induce the development of dysfunctional HDL through different mechanisms, including induction of inflammatory and oxidative stress with activation of inflammatory signaling pathways. In turn, the induction of dysfunctional HDL induces the activation of inflammatory signaling pathways and oxidative stress, increasing Covid-19 severity. CONCLUSIONS Covid-19 is linked with the development of cardio-metabolic disorders, including dyslipidemia in general and dysregulation of high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein. Therefore, the present study aimed to overview the causal relationship between dysfunctional high-density lipoprotein and Covid-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, Medicine College of Medicine Al-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Nawar R Hussien
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Al-Farahidi University, Bagdad, Iraq
| | - Marwa S Al-Niemi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Al-Farahidi University, Bagdad, Iraq
| | - Esraa H Fahad
- Faculty of pharmacy, The University of Mashreq, Bagdad, Iraq
| | - Ali K Al-Buhadily
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medicine and Therapeutic, Medical Faculty, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali I Al-Gareeb
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, Medicine College of Medicine Al-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Christos Tsagkaris
- Department of Health Sciences, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Marios Papadakis
- Department of Surgery II, University Hospital Witten-Herdecke, University of Witten-Herdecke, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, New South Wales, Australia
- AFNP Med Austria, Wien, Austria
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, AlBeheira, Egypt
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11
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Yang S, Wang X, Li H, Wang X, Song Y, Cong P, Xu J, Xue C. Sea Cucumber Phospholipids Regulate Cholesterol Metabolism in High-Fat Diet-induced ApoE -/- Mice. J Nutr 2023:S0022-3166(23)37560-6. [PMID: 37105382 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sea cucumber phospholipids, marine-derived lipids with high nutritional functions, have been proven to exhibit various biological activities. However, it is unclear how sea cucumber phospholipids regulate cholesterol (Chol) metabolism in atherosclerosis (AS). OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanism of sea cucumber phospholipids on the metabolism of Chol and cholesterol esters (CE) in ApoE-/- mice, including plasmenyl phosphatidylethanolamine (PE-P) and plasmanyl phosphatidylcholine (PC-O). METHODS Male ApoE-/- mice were fed with chow diet, high-fat diet (HFD), and high-fat diet supplemented with PC-O or PE-P, respectively. We integrated a targeted lipidomics strategy to classify and compare the cholesteryl esters according to their fatty acid types, then analyzed the individual cholesteryl ester molecular species in the liver and serum of mice. Furthermore, the Chol metabolism-related genes and pathways were analyzed in high-fat-induced ApoE-/- mice. RESULTS Biochemical analysis showed that sea cucumber phospholipids significantly inhibit the generation of arterial plaque in ApoE-/- mice. Compared with the HFD group, PE-P significantly reduced the contents of saturated fatty acid-cholesterol esters (SFA-CE) and monounsaturated fatty acid-cholesterol esters (MUFA-CE) in mice liver (P < 0.05), whereas PC-O particularly upregulated CE20:5 and CE22:6 in serum of mice (P < 0.001). Furthermore, PC-O and PE-P inhibited the Chol synthesis pathway (Cyp7A1 and Cyp27A1), as well as promoted the catabolism of Chol by upregulating gene expressions of bile acid synthesis (Abcb11) and lysosomal activity (Lamp1), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Sea cucumber phospholipids could ameliorate the AS symptoms by regulating Chol metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 5, Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China.
| | - Xincen Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 5, Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China.
| | - He Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 5, Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China.
| | - Xiaoxu Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 5, Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China.
| | - Yu Song
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 5, Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China.
| | - Peixu Cong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 5, Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China.
| | - Jie Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 5, Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China.
| | - Changhu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 5, Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China; Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1, Wenhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China.
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12
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Jo U, Park K. Carbohydrate Intake and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071740. [PMID: 37049580 PMCID: PMC10096555 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to understand the conflicting results from previous studies on the association between carbohydrate intake and cardiovascular disease (CVD) by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize the most recent scientific evidence. A systematic review used three electronic databases to gather literature on the association between carbohydrate intake and CVD. Considering the discrepancies, either fixed or random effect models were chosen to determine the effect size, and sensitivity analysis results, as well as publication bias, were also presented. The meta-analysis found that individuals with the highest carbohydrate intake had a 1.15-fold increased risk of CVD compared to those with the lowest intake (hazard ratio, HR: 1.15, 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.07–1.23). Further subgroup analysis revealed that this association was only present in Asia, with a 1.52-fold increased risk (HR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.17–1.97), while no associations were seen in the Americas, Europe, and Oceania. The relationship between carbohydrate intake and CVD was non-linear, with a marked escalation beyond 60% of total energy from carbohydrates. Our findings suggest that a high-carbohydrate diet may raise the risk of CVD, particularly in Asian populations. This association may be due to the higher carbohydrate consumption and genetic variations found in Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Unhui Jo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyong Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
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13
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Jing J, Zhu C, Gong R, Qi X, Zhang Y, Zhang Z. Research progress on the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine in the intervention of atherosclerosis: A promising natural immunotherapeutic adjuvant. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 159:114201. [PMID: 36610225 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by disorders of lipid metabolism. Abnormal deposition of low-density lipoproteins in the arterial wall stimulates the activation of immune cells, including the adhesion and infiltration of monocytes, the proliferation and differentiation of macrophages and lymphocytes, and the activation of their functions. The complex interplay between immune cells coordinates the balance between pro- and anti-inflammation and plays a key role in the progression of AS. Therefore, targeting immune cell activity may lead to the development of more selective drugs with fewer side effects to treat AS without compromising host defense mechanisms. At present, an increasing number of studies have found that the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) can regulate the function of immune cells in multiple ways to against AS, showing great potential for the treatment of AS and promising clinical applications. In this paper, we review the mechanisms of immune cell action in AS lesions and the potential targets and/or pathways for immune cell regulation by the active ingredients of TCM to promote the understanding of the immune system interactions of AS and provide a relevant basis for the use of active ingredients of TCM as natural adjuvants for AS immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpeng Jing
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Chaojun Zhu
- Surgical Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Second Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Rui Gong
- The First Clinical Medical College of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Xue Qi
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250001, China.
| | - Yue Zhang
- Peripheral Vascular Disease Department, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Zhaohui Zhang
- Surgical Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Second Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China.
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14
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Qiu M, Chen J, Li X, Zhuang J. Intersection of the Ubiquitin–Proteasome System with Oxidative Stress in Cardiovascular Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012197. [PMID: 36293053 PMCID: PMC9603077 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) present a major social problem worldwide due to their high incidence and mortality rate. Many pathophysiological mechanisms are involved in CVDs, and oxidative stress plays a vital mediating role in most of these mechanisms. The ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) is the main machinery responsible for degrading cytosolic proteins in the repair system, which interacts with the mechanisms regulating endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis. Recent evidence also points to the role of UPS dysfunction in the development of CVDs. The UPS has been associated with oxidative stress and regulates reduction–oxidation homeostasis. However, the mechanisms underlying UPS-mediated oxidative stress’s contribution to CVDs are unclear, especially the role of these interactions at different disease stages. This review highlights the recent research progress on the roles of the UPS and oxidative stress, individually and in combination, in CVDs, focusing on the pathophysiology of key CVDs, including atherosclerosis, ischemia–reperfusion injury, cardiomyopathy, and heart failure. This synthesis provides new insight for continued research on the UPS–oxidative stress interaction, in turn suggesting novel targets for the treatment and prevention of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jimei Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jian Zhuang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-020-83827812 (ext. 51050)
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