1
|
Thomas HR, Gevorgyan A, Hermanson A, Yanders S, Erndwein L, Norman-Ariztía M, Sparks EE, Frank MH. Graft incompatibility between pepper and tomato can be attributed to genetic incompatibility between diverged immune systems. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.29.587379. [PMID: 38617251 PMCID: PMC11014474 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.29.587379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Graft compatibility is the capacity of two plants to form cohesive vascular connections. Tomato and pepper are incompatible graft partners; however, the underlying cause of graft rejection between these two species remains unknown.We diagnosed graft incompatibility between tomato and diverse pepper varieties based on weakened biophysical stability, decreased growth, and persistent cell death using trypan blue and TUNEL assays. Transcriptomic analysis of cell death in the junction was performed using RNA-sequencing, and molecular signatures for incompatible graft response were characterized based on meta-transcriptomic comparisons with other biotic processes.We show that tomato is broadly incompatible with diverse pepper cultivars. These incompatible graft partners activate prolonged transcriptional changes that are highly enriched for defense processes. Amongst these processes was broad NLR upregulation and hypersensitive response. Using transcriptomic datasets for a variety of biotic stress treatments, we identified a significant overlap in the genetic profile of incompatible grafting and plant parasitism. In addition, we found over 1000 genes that are uniquely upregulated in incompatible grafts.Based on NLR overactivity, DNA damage, and prolonged cell death we have determined that tomato and pepper graft incompatibility is likely caused by a form of genetic incompatibility, which triggers a hyperimmune-response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Rae Thomas
- Cornell University, School of Integrative Plant Science, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
- John Innes Centre, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Norwich UK
| | - Alice Gevorgyan
- Cornell University, School of Integrative Plant Science, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
- Stanford University, Department of Biology, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Alexandra Hermanson
- Cornell University, School of Integrative Plant Science, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Samantha Yanders
- Cornell University, School of Integrative Plant Science, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Lindsay Erndwein
- University of Delaware, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Newark, DE 19713,USA
- USDA-ARS, Genetic Improvement for Fruits and Vegetables Laboratory, Chatsworth,NJ 08019, USA
| | | | - Erin E. Sparks
- University of Delaware, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Newark, DE 19713,USA
| | - Margaret H Frank
- Cornell University, School of Integrative Plant Science, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ji J, Zhang J, Wang X, Song W, Ma B, Wang R, Li T, Wang G, Guan C, Gao X. The alleviation of salt stress on rice through increasing photosynthetic capacity, maintaining redox homeostasis and regulating soil enzyme activities by Enterobacter sp. JIV1 assisted with putrescine. Microbiol Res 2024; 280:127590. [PMID: 38142517 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
The detrimental impact of soil salinization on crop productivity and agricultural economy has garnered significant attention. A rhizosphere bacterium with favorable salt tolerance and plant growth-promoting (PGP) functions was isolated in this work. The bacterium was identified as Enterobacter through 16 S rDNA sequencing analysis and designated as Enterobacter sp. JIV1. Interestingly, the presence of putrescine (Put), which had been shown to contribute in reducing abiotic stress damage to plants, significantly promoted strain JIV1 to generate 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic (ACC) deaminase, dissolve phosphorus and secrete indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). However, the synergy of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and Put in improving plant salt resistance has not been extensively studied. In this study, strain JIV1 and exogenous Put effectively mitigated the inhibitory impact of salt stress simulated by 200 mM NaCl on rice (Oryza sativa L.) growth. The chlorophyll accumulation, photosynthetic efficiency and antioxidant capacity of rice were also significantly strengthened. Notably, the combined application of strain JIV1 and Put outperformed individual treatments. Moreover, the co-addition of strain JIV1 and Put increased soil protease and urease activities by 451.97% and 51.70% compared to that of salt treatment group. In general, Put-assisted PGPR JIV1 provides a new perspective on alleviating the salt-induced negative impacts on plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ji
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xinya Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Wenju Song
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Baoying Ma
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Runzhong Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Tiange Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Gang Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chunfeng Guan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Xiaoping Gao
- Fuzhou Planning Design Research Institute, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Adss IA, Al-Huqail AA, Khan F, El-Shamy SS, Amer GM, Hafez EE, Ibrahim OM, Sobhy SE, Saleh AA. Physio-molecular responses of tomato cultivars to biotic stress: Exploring the interplay between Alternaria alternata OP881811 infection and plant defence mechanisms. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108421. [PMID: 38335887 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Plant fungal diseases impose a formidable challenge for global agricultural productivity, a meticulous examination of host-pathogen interactions. In this intricate study, an exhaustive investigation was conducted on infected tomatoes obtained from Egyptian fields, leading to the precise molecular identification of the fungal isolate as Alternaria alternata (OP881811), and the isolate showed high identity with Chinese isolates (ON973896 and ON790502). Subsequently, fourteen diverse tomato cultivars; Cv Ferment, Cv 103, Cv Damber, Cv 186, Cv 4094, Cv Angham, Cv N 17, Cv Gesma, Cv 010, Cv branch, cv 2020, Cv 023, Cv Gana and Cv 380 were meticulously assessed to discern their susceptibility levels upon inoculation with Alternaria alternata. Thorough scrutiny of disease symptom manifestation and the extent of tomato leaf damage ensued, enabling a comprehensive evaluation of cultivar responses. Results unveiled a spectrum of plant susceptibility, with three cultivars exhibiting heightened vulnerability (Cv Ferment, Cv 103 and Cv Damber), five cultivars displaying moderate susceptibility (Cv 186, Cv 4094, Cv Angham, Cv N 17 and Cv Gesma), and six cultivars demonstrating remarkable resilience to the pathogen (Cv 010, Cv branch, cv, 2020; Cv 023, Cv Gana and Cv 380). In order to gain a thorough understanding of the underlying physiological patterns indicative of plant resistance against A. alternata, an in-depth exploration of polyphenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant enzymes ensued. These key indicators were closely examined, offering valuable insights into the interplay between plant physiology and pathogen response. Robust correlations emerged, with higher contents of these compounds correlating with heightened susceptibility, while lower levels were indicative of enhanced plant tolerance. In tandem with the physiological assessment, a thorough investigation of four pivotal defensive genes (PR5, PPO, PR3, and POX) was undertaken, employing cutting-edge Real-Time PCR technology. Gene expression profiles displayed intriguing variations across the evaluated tomato cultivars, ultimately facilitating the classification of cultivars into distinct groups based on their levels of resistance, moderate susceptibility, or heightened sensitivity. By unravelling the intricate dynamics of plant susceptibility, physiological responses, and patterns of gene expression, this comprehensive study paves the way for targeted strategies to combat plant fungal diseases. The findings contribute valuable insights into host-pathogen interactions and empower agricultural stakeholders with the knowledge required to fortify crop resilience and safeguard global food security.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim A Adss
- Division of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhur University, Al-Beheira, Egypt.
| | - Asma A Al-Huqail
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Faheema Khan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sawsan S El-Shamy
- Division of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhur University, Al-Beheira, Egypt.
| | - Ghoname M Amer
- Division of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhur University, Al-Beheira, Egypt.
| | - Elsayed E Hafez
- Plant Protection and Bimolecular Diagnosis Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, New Borg El-Arab, 21934, Egypt.
| | - Omar M Ibrahim
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| | - Sherien E Sobhy
- Plant Protection and Bimolecular Diagnosis Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, New Borg El-Arab, 21934, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed A Saleh
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Animal and Fish Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Al-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria City, 11865, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yin Y, Yang T, Li S, Li X, Wang W, Fan S. Transcriptomic analysis reveals that methyl jasmonate confers salt tolerance in alfalfa by regulating antioxidant activity and ion homeostasis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1258498. [PMID: 37780521 PMCID: PMC10536279 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1258498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Alfalfa, a globally cultivated forage crop, faces significant challenges due to its vulnerability to salt stress. Jasmonates (JAs) play a pivotal role in modulating both plant growth and response to stressors. Methods In this study, alfalfa plants were subjected to 150 mM NaCl with or without methyl jasmonate (MeJA). The physiological parameters were detected and a transcriptomic analysis was performed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying MeJA-mediated salt tolerance in alfalfa. Results Results showed that exogenous MeJA regulated alfalfa seed germination and primary root growth in a dose-dependent manner, with 5µM MeJA exerting the most efficient in enhancing salt tolerance. MeJA at this concentration elavated the salt tolerance of young alfalfa seedlings by refining plant growth, enhancing antioxidant capacity and ameliorating Na+ overaccumulation. Subsequent transcriptomic analysis identified genes differentially regulated by MeJA+NaCl treatment and NaCl alone. PageMan analysis revealed several significantly enriched categories altered by MeJA+NaCl treatment, compared with NaCl treatment alone, including genes involved in secondary metabolism, glutathione-based redox regulation, cell cycle, transcription factors (TFs), and other signal transductions (such as calcium and ROS). Further weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) uncovered that turquoise and yellow gene modules were tightly linked to antioxidant enzymes activity and ion content, respectively. Pyruvate decar-boxylase (PDC) and RNA demethylase (ALKBH10B) were identified as the most central hub genes in these two modules. Also, some TFs-hub genes were identified by WGCNA in these two modules highly positive-related to antioxidant enzymes activity and ion content. Discussion MeJA triggered a large-scale transcriptomic remodeling, which might be mediated by transcriptional regulation through TFs or post-transcriptional regulation through demethylation. Our findings contributed new perspectives for understanding the underneath mechanisms by which JA-mediated salt tolerance in alfalfa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- YanLing Yin
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - TianHui Yang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, China
- Institute of Animal Science, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, China
| | - Shuang Li
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoning Li
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - ShuGao Fan
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Peng Y, Cao H, Cui L, Wang Y, Wei L, Geng S, Yang L, Huang Y, Bie Z. CmoNAC1 in pumpkin rootstocks improves salt tolerance of grafted cucumbers by binding to the promoters of CmoRBOHD1, CmoNCED6, CmoAKT1;2 and CmoHKT1;1 to regulate H 2O 2, ABA signaling and K +/Na + homeostasis. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad157. [PMID: 37719275 PMCID: PMC10500151 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
The NAC transcription factor is a type of plant-specific transcription factor that can regulate plant salt tolerance, but the underlying mechanism is unclear in grafted vegetables. H2O2 and ABA in pumpkin rootstocks can be transported to cucumber scion leaves, promoting stomatal closure to improve salt tolerance of grafted cucumbers. Despite these observations, the regulatory mechanism is unknown. Here, our research revealed that CmoNAC1 is a key transcription factor that regulates H2O2 and ABA signaling in pumpkin roots under salt stress. The function of CmoNAC1 was analyzed using root transformation and RNA-seq, and we found that pumpkin CmoNAC1 promoted the production of H2O2 and ABA via CmoRBOHD1 and CmoNCED6, respectively, and regulated K+/Na+ homeostasis via CmoAKT1;2, CmoHKT1;1, and CmoSOS1 to improve salt tolerance of grafted cucumbers. Root knockout of CmoNAC1 resulted in a significant decrease in H2O2 (52.9% and 32.1%) and ABA (21.8% and 42.7%) content and K+/Na+ ratio (81.5% and 56.3%) in leaf and roots of grafted cucumber, respectively, while overexpression showed the opposite effect. The root transformation experiment showed that CmoNCED6 could improve salt tolerance of grafted cucumbers by regulating ABA production and K+/Na+ homeostasis under salt stress. Finally, we found that CmoNAC1 bound to the promoters of CmoRBOHD1, CmoNCED6, CmoAKT1;2, and CmoHKT1;1 using yeast one-hybrid, luciferase, and electrophoretic mobility shift assays. In conclusion, pumpkin CmoNAC1 not only binds to the promoters of CmoRBOHD1 and CmoNCED6 to regulate the production of H2O2 and ABA signals in roots, but also binds to the promoters of CmoAKT1;2 and CmoHKT1;1 to increase the K+/Na+ ratio, thus improving salt tolerance of grafted cucumbers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuquan Peng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops/College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Wuhan, China
| | - Haishun Cao
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops/College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Wuhan, China
- Institute of Facility Agriculture, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 510640 Guangzhou, China
| | - Lvjun Cui
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops/College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops/College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Wuhan, China
| | - Lanxing Wei
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops/College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Wuhan, China
| | - Shouyu Geng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops/College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Wuhan, China
| | - Li Yang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops/College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops/College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Wuhan, China
| | - Zhilong Bie
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops/College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, 430070 Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Du L, Jiang Z, Zhou Y, Shen L, He J, Xia X, Zhang L, Yang X. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Respiratory Burst Oxidase Homolog ( RBOH) Gene Family in Eggplant ( Solanum melongena L.) under Abiotic and Biotic Stress. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1665. [PMID: 37761805 PMCID: PMC10531080 DOI: 10.3390/genes14091665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory burst oxidase homologs (RBOHs) are important proteins that catalyze the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which play important roles in growth and stress response. For a comprehensive analysis of SmRBOH genes, we conducted genome-wide identification of the SmRBOH gene family in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) and analyzed the expression of SmRBOHs under abiotic (salt, high-temperature, and low-temperature) and biotic stress (Verticillium dahliae inoculation) by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The result showed that a total of eight SmRBOH members were identified from the genome database of eggplant, and they were relatively evenly distributed across seven chromosomes. The analysis of Motif and the conserved domain showed that SmRBOHs have high similarity in protein sequences and functions. Based on phylogenetics, SmRBOHs were classified into three distinct clades. Furthermore, the promoter regions of SmRBOHs were found to contain different cis-elements. Additionally, the results of the qRT-PCR demonstrated differential expression patterns of SmRBOHs in different tissues (the roots, stems, and leaves) and stress conditions. SmRBOHB, SmRBOHD, SmRBOHH1, and SmRBOHH2 showed significant upregulation (>20-fold) under at least one stress condition. Subcellular localization analysis of the above four members further confirmed that they localized on the plasma membrane. This study provides a theoretical foundation for understanding the functions of SmRBOHs in eggplant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xu Yang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China (J.H.); (X.X.); (L.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Habibi N, Aryan S, Amin MW, Sanada A, Terada N, Koshio K. Potential Benefits of Seed Priming under Salt Stress Conditions on Physiological, and Biochemical Attributes of Micro-Tom Tomato Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12112187. [PMID: 37299165 DOI: 10.3390/plants12112187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pre-sowing seed priming is one of the methods used to improve the performance of tomato plants under salt stress, but its effect photosynthesis, yield, and quality have not yet been well investigated. This experiment aimed to alleviate the impact of sodium chloride stress on the photosynthesis parameters of tomato cv. Micro-Tom (a dwarf Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants exposed to salt stress conditions. Each treatment combination consisted of five different sodium chloride concentrations (0 mM, 50 mM, 100 mM, 150 mM, and 200 mM) and four priming treatments (0 MPa, -0.4 MPa, -0.8 MPa, and -1.2 MPa), with five replications. Microtome seeds were subjected to polyethylene glycol (PEG6000) treatments for 48 hours for priming, followed by germination on a moist filter paper, and then transferred to the germination bed after 24 h. Subsequently, the seedlings were transplanted into the Rockwool, and the salinity treatments were administered after a month. In our study salinity significantly affected tomato plants' physiological and antioxidant attributes. Primed seeds produced plants that exhibited relatively better photosynthetic activity than those grown from unprimed seeds. Our findings indicated that priming doses of -0.8 MPa and -1.2 MPa were the most effective at stimulating tomato plant photosynthesis, and biochemical contents under salinity-related conditions. Moreover, primed plants demonstrated relatively superior fruit quality features such as fruit color, fruit Brix, sugars (glucose, fructose, and sucrose), organic acids, and vitamin C contents under salt stress, compared to non-primed plants. Furthermore, priming treatments significantly decreased the malondialdehyde, proline, and hydrogen peroxide content in plant leaves. Our results suggest that seed priming may be a long-term method for improving crop productivity and quality in challenging environments by enhancing the growth, physiological responses, and fruit quality attributes of Micro-Tom tomato plants under salt stress conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nasratullah Habibi
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Balkh University, Balkh 1701, Afghanistan
| | - Shafiqullah Aryan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Nangarhar University, Nangarhar 2601, Afghanistan
| | | | - Atsushi Sanada
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Naoki Terada
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Kaihei Koshio
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li C, Lu X, Liu Y, Xu J, Yu W. Strigolactone Alleviates the Adverse Effects of Salt Stress on Seed Germination in Cucumber by Enhancing Antioxidant Capacity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051043. [PMID: 37237909 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs), as a new phytohormone, regulate various physiological and biochemical processes, and a number of stress responses, in plants. In this study, cucumber 'Xinchun NO. 4' is used to study the roles of SLs in seed germination under salt stress. The results show that the seed germination significantly decreases with the increase in the NaCl concentrations (0, 1, 10, 50, and 100 mM), and 50 mM NaCl as a moderate stress is used for further analysis. The different concentrations of SLs synthetic analogs GR24 (1, 5, 10, and 20 μM) significantly promote cucumber seed germination under NaCl stress, with a maximal biological response at 10 μM. An inhibitor of strigolactone (SL) synthesis TIS108 suppresses the positive roles of GR24 in cucumber seed germination under salt stress, suggesting that SL can alleviate the inhibition of seed germination caused by salt stress. To explore the regulatory mechanism of SL-alleviated salt stress, some contents, activities, and genes related to the antioxidant system are measured. The malondialdehyde (MDA), H2O2, O2-, and proline contents are increased, and the levels of ascorbic acid (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) are decreased under salt stress conditions, while GR24 treatment reduces MDA, H2O2, O2-, and proline contents, and increases AsA and GSH contents during seed germination under salt stress. Meanwhile, GR24 treatment enhances the decrease in the activities of antioxidant enzymes caused by salt stress [superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX)], following which antioxidant-related genes SOD, POD, CAT, APX, and GRX2 are up-regulated by GR24 under salt stress. However, TIS108 reversed the positive effects of GR24 on cucumber seed germination under salt stress. Together, the results of this study revealed that GR24 regulates the expression levels of genes related to antioxidants and, therefore, regulates enzymatic activity and non-enzymatic substances and enhances antioxidant capacity, alleviating salt toxicity during seed germination in cucumber.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changxia Li
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xuefang Lu
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yunzhi Liu
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Junrong Xu
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Wenjin Yu
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hou R, Yang L, Wuyun T, Chen S, Zhang L. Genes related to osmoregulation and antioxidation play important roles in the response of Trollius chinensis seedlings to saline-alkali stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1080504. [PMID: 36778702 PMCID: PMC9911134 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1080504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Saline-alkali stress is one of the main abiotic stress factors affecting plant growth and development. Trollius chinensis is a perennial herbal medicinal plant with high values for garden application. However, its response and tolerance to saline-alkali stress is unclear. In this study, we mixed four salts (NaCl: Na2SO4: NaHCO3: Na2CO3) with a concentration ratio of 1:9:9:1, and applied low (40 and 80 mM) and high (120 and 160 mM) saline-alkali stress to analyze osmotic regulation substances, antioxidant systems and the gene expression of T. chinensis. Along with higher saline-alkali stress, the leaf relative water content (RWC) started to decrease only from high stress, while the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in leaves decreased continuously, and the contents of proline (Pro), soluble sugar (SS) and soluble protein (SP) increased compared with control. The activities of antioxidant enzymes and the contents of non-enzymatic antioxidants were increased positively with the accumulation of superoxide anion (O2 •-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). For instance, the ascorbic acid-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle was enhanced in T. chinensis seedling leaves subject to saline-alkali stress. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) indicates that MDA, Pro, SS, SP, H2O2, O2 •-, and GSH are important indexes to evaluate the response and tolerance of T. chinensis to saline-alkali stress. Through RNA-Seq, a total of 474 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found in plant under low saline-alkaline stress (40 mM, MSA1) vs. control. Among them, 364 genes were up-regulated and 110 genes were down-regulated. DEGs were extensively enriched in carbohydrate transport, transferase activity, zeatin biosynthesis, ABC transporters, and spliceosome. The transcription factor family MYB, BZIP, WRKY, and NAC were related to its saline-alkali tolerance. In addition, some DEGs encode key enzymes in the processes of osmoregulation and antioxidation, including betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH), inositol monophosphatase (IMP), chloroperoxidase (CPO), thioredoxin (Trx), and germin-like protein (GLPs) were found. Overall, these findings provide new insights into the physiological changes and molecular mechanism of T. chinensis to saline-alkali stress and lay a foundation for application of T. chinensis in saline-alkali environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongmiao Hou
- College of Landscape and Architecture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Lizhi Yang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Tana Wuyun
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Shiyao Chen
- College of Landscape and Architecture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- College of Landscape and Architecture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Garden Plants, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tian Z, Zhang Z, Kang L, Li M, Zhang J, Feng Y, Yin J, Gong X, Zhao J. Small G Protein StRab5b positively regulates potato resistance to Phytophthora infestans. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1065627. [PMID: 36699835 PMCID: PMC9868449 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1065627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Rabproteins are the largest members of the small G protein family and are widely distributed in eukaryotes. It comprises eight subfamilies and is responsible for regulating vesicle transport, plant growth and development, and biotic and abiotic stress responses. In this study, the small G protein gene StRab5b was cloned from potato, and its biological information, expression profile and induced expression level, overexpression and gene silencing were examined on regulating potato resistance to Phytophthora infestans using PCR, qPCR and Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS). Our results indicate that the amino acid of StRab5b shows the highest and lowest homology with NbRab5b in N. benthamiana and StRab in potato respectively. StRab5b expression varied among different potato tissues and varieties, and was induced by P. infestans infection. Transiently ectopic expression of StRab5b in N. benthamiana enhanced its resistance to P. infestans, whereas, silencing of StRab5b and its homologous gene facilitated pathogen infection in potato and N. benthamiana respectively. Furthermore, stable expression of the StRab5b gene in potatoes enhanced its redox-stress response capacity, as manifested by the accumulation of H2O2 in infected leaves and subsequent increase in the activity and expression of ROS scavenging enzymes, thereby attenuating the development of P. infestans and ultimately reducing the lesions on infected potato leaves. In addition, the LOX gene transcripts and JA level were upregulated rapidly after inoculation with P. infestans. Collectively, our results suggest that StRab5b positively regulates the resistance against potato late blight (PLB) via JA-mediated defense signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zaimin Tian
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Liru Kang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, China
| | - Min Li
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yan Feng
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Jiang Yin
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Xuechen Gong
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Iglesias-Moya J, Cebrián G, Garrido D, Martínez C, Jamilena M. The ethylene receptor mutation etr2b reveals crosstalk between ethylene and ABA in the control of Cucurbita pepo germination. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e13864. [PMID: 36718078 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The enhanced salt tolerance of squash ethylene-insensitive mutants during germination and early stages of seedling development suggested that abscisic acid (ABA) could mediate this tolerance. To gain insight into the crosstalk between ethylene and ABA in seed germination, the germination rate and early seedling growth of wild type (WT) and ethylene-insensitive etr2b mutant were compared in seeds germinated under water and exogenous ABA treatment. The etr2b seeds germinated earlier than WT under both water and ABA, and the effect of ABA on radicle length and seedling growth of etr2b was lower than in WT, indicating that etr2b is also insensitive to ABA. The comparison of ABA and ethylene contents and ABA and ethylene gene expression profiles in WT and etr2b dry and imbibed seeds in either water, NaCl or ABA demonstrated a clear crosstalk between ethylene and ABA in germination. The expression profiles of ethylene genes in WT and etr2b indicated that the role of ethylene in seed germination does not appear to follow the canonical ethylene signaling pathway. Instead, etr2b reduces ABA content during formation of the seeds (dry seeds) and in response to seed imbibition and germination, which means diminished dormancy in the ethylene mutant. The etr2b mutation downregulated the expression of ABA biosynthesis and signaling genes during germination, demonstrating the positive role of ethylene receptor gene CpETR2B on seed germination and early seedling growth in squash is mediated by ABA. The reduced effect of exogenous ABA on ethylene production and ethylene gene expression in etr2b seeds suggests that this regulation is also dependent on ethylene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Iglesias-Moya
- Department of Biology and Geology, Agri-Food Campus of International Excellence (CeiA3) and Research Centre CIAMBITAL, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
| | - Gustavo Cebrián
- Department of Biology and Geology, Agri-Food Campus of International Excellence (CeiA3) and Research Centre CIAMBITAL, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
| | - Dolores Garrido
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Cecilia Martínez
- Department of Biology and Geology, Agri-Food Campus of International Excellence (CeiA3) and Research Centre CIAMBITAL, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
| | - Manuel Jamilena
- Department of Biology and Geology, Agri-Food Campus of International Excellence (CeiA3) and Research Centre CIAMBITAL, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Patanè C, Cosentino SL, Romano D, Toscano S. Relative Water Content, Proline, and Antioxidant Enzymes in Leaves of Long Shelf-Life Tomatoes under Drought Stress and Rewatering. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11223045. [PMID: 36432775 PMCID: PMC9699019 DOI: 10.3390/plants11223045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Some physiological, oxidative, and antioxidant enzymatic patterns were assessed in plants of three local Sicilian landraces of long shelf-life tomatoes ('Custonaci', 'Salina', and 'Vulcano'), as compared to the commercial tomato hybrid 'Faino' (control). Three water treatments were considered in open-field: DRY (no irrigation); IRR (long-season full irrigation); REW (drought/rewatering cycles). During the growing season, soil water deficit (SWD) was estimated, and relative water content (RWC), specific leaf area (SLA), proline and malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were measured in leaves. Differently from control, RWC in local landraces exhibited a similar pattern in REW and DRY, indicating a low capacity to re-hydrate after rewatering. Positive correlation of proline content vs. SWD in all local landraces highlights an osmotic adjustment occurring in these tomatoes in response to limited soil water content. Long shelf-life tomatoes suffered minor oxidative stress due to severe soil water deficit, as revealed by the lower levels of MDA with respect to the control. Significant correlation of CAT vs. SWD for all tomatoes indicates that this antioxidant enzyme, among those analyzed, may be considered as a biomarker for a water stress condition more than for oxidative stress due to water deficit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Patanè
- CNR-Istituto per la BioEconomia (IBE), Sede Secondaria di Catania, Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore L. Cosentino
- CNR-Istituto per la BioEconomia (IBE), Sede Secondaria di Catania, Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Catania, via Valdisavoia 5, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Daniela Romano
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Catania, via Valdisavoia 5, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Stefania Toscano
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Catania, via Valdisavoia 5, 95123 Catania, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Holsteens K, De Jaegere I, Wynants A, Prinsen ELJ, Van de Poel B. Mild and severe salt stress responses are age-dependently regulated by abscisic acid in tomato. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:982622. [PMID: 36275599 PMCID: PMC9585276 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.982622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress hampers plant growth and development through both osmotic and ionic imbalances. One of the key players in modulating physiological responses towards salinity is the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA). How plants cope with salinity largely depends on the magnitude of the soil salt content (stress severity), but also on age-related developmental processes (ontogeny). Here we studied how ABA directs salt stress responses in tomato plants for both mild and severe salt stress in leaves of different ages. We used the ABA-deficient mutant notabilis, which contains a null-mutation in the gene of a rate-limiting ABA biosynthesis enzyme 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED1), leading to impaired stomatal closure. We showed that both old and young leaves of notabilis plants keep a steady-state transpiration and photosynthesis rate during salt stress, probably due to their dysfunctional stomatal closure. At the whole plant level, transpiration declined similar to the wild-type, impacting final growth. Notabilis leaves were able to produce osmolytes and accumulate ions in a similar way as wild-type plants, but accumulated more proline, indicating that osmotic responses were not impaired by the NCED1 mutation. Besides NCED1, also NCED2 and NCED6 are strongly upregulated under salt stress, which could explain why the notabilis mutant did not show a lower ABA content upon salt stress, except in young leaves. This might be indicative of a salt-mediated feedback mechanism on NCED2/6 in notabilis and might explain why notabilis plants seem to perform better under salt stress compared to wild-type plants with respect to biomass and water content accumulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristof Holsteens
- Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Isabel De Jaegere
- Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Arne Wynants
- Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Bram Van de Poel
- Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Plant Institute, (LPI), University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Raziq A, Mohi Ud Din A, Anwar S, Wang Y, Jahan MS, He M, Ling CG, Sun J, Shu S, Guo S. Exogenous spermidine modulates polyamine metabolism and improves stress responsive mechanisms to protect tomato seedlings against salt stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 187:1-10. [PMID: 35939983 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress negatively affects plant growth, development, and crop productivity causing serious economic loss to agricultural production. Here, we investigated the exogenous application of spermidine (Spd) on tomato seedlings grown under salt stress. Salt stress reduced plant growth, biomass accumulation and chlorophyll contents, thus negatively affecting photosynthesis. Alternatively, Spd application effectively reduced the salinity-induced adverse effects in tomato seedlings by activating the H2O2 mediated signaling involving the enhanced expression of RBOH1 and salt stress-responsive genes SlMYB102, SlHKT1, SlWRKY1 and SlDREB2, and improving detoxification through higher antioxidative activity and osmolyte (proline) accumulation under salt stress. It was further confirmed by significantly lower amount of H2O2, malondialdehyde and electrolyte leakage, and better ion homeostasis (Na+/K+ ratio) and photosynthetic performance of Spd-treated seedlings under salt stress. Furthermore, Spd application modulated endogenous polyamines and enhanced the biosynthesis of endogenous Spd and spermine from putrescine. Altogether, these results confirm the important role of Spd against salt stress and suggest that the increased endogenous Spd content in plants could regulate a number of stress-responsive mechanisms to protect tomato seedlings against salt stress. These results provide a good direction for further elucidation of the detailed interplay between polyamine metabolism and H2O2-mediated signaling, which would help to improve abiotic stress tolerance in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Raziq
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Vegetable and Seed Production Agriculture Research Institute, Village Aid Sariab, Quetta, 87300, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - Atta Mohi Ud Din
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; National Research Center of Intercropping, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | | | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Suqian Academy of Protected Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Suqian, 223800, China
| | - Mohammad Shah Jahan
- Suqian Academy of Protected Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Suqian, 223800, China
| | - Mingming He
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Chen Guang Ling
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Suqian Academy of Protected Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Suqian, 223800, China
| | - Sheng Shu
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Suqian Academy of Protected Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Suqian, 223800, China
| | - Shirong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Suqian Academy of Protected Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Suqian, 223800, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Guo M, Wang XS, Guo HD, Bai SY, Khan A, Wang XM, Gao YM, Li JS. Tomato salt tolerance mechanisms and their potential applications for fighting salinity: A review. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:949541. [PMID: 36186008 PMCID: PMC9515470 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.949541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
One of the most significant environmental factors affecting plant growth, development and productivity is salt stress. The damage caused by salt to plants mainly includes ionic, osmotic and secondary stresses, while the plants adapt to salt stress through multiple biochemical and molecular pathways. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most widely cultivated vegetable crops and a model dicot plant. It is moderately sensitive to salinity throughout the period of growth and development. Biotechnological efforts to improve tomato salt tolerance hinge on a synthesized understanding of the mechanisms underlying salinity tolerance. This review provides a comprehensive review of major advances on the mechanisms controlling salt tolerance of tomato in terms of sensing and signaling, adaptive responses, and epigenetic regulation. Additionally, we discussed the potential application of these mechanisms in improving salt tolerance of tomato, including genetic engineering, marker-assisted selection, and eco-sustainable approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Guo
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Molecular Breeding for Dominant and Special Crops in Ningxia, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Modern Facility Horticulture Engineering Technology Research Center, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Facility Horticulture Technology Innovation Center, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xin-Sheng Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Hui-Dan Guo
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Sheng-Yi Bai
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Abid Khan
- Department of Horticulture, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Xiao-Min Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Molecular Breeding for Dominant and Special Crops in Ningxia, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Modern Facility Horticulture Engineering Technology Research Center, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Facility Horticulture Technology Innovation Center, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yan-Ming Gao
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Molecular Breeding for Dominant and Special Crops in Ningxia, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Modern Facility Horticulture Engineering Technology Research Center, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Facility Horticulture Technology Innovation Center, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jian-She Li
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Molecular Breeding for Dominant and Special Crops in Ningxia, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Modern Facility Horticulture Engineering Technology Research Center, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Facility Horticulture Technology Innovation Center, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kiferle C, Gonzali S, Beltrami S, Martinelli M, Hora K, Holwerda HT, Perata P. Improvement in fruit yield and tolerance to salinity of tomato plants fertigated with micronutrient amounts of iodine. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14655. [PMID: 36038704 PMCID: PMC9424290 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18301-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Iodine is an essential micronutrient for humans, but its role in plant physiology was debated for nearly a century. Recently its functional involvement in plant nutrition and stress-protection collected the first experimental evidence. This study wanted to examine in depth the involvement of iodine in tomato plant nutrition, also evaluating its potential on salt stress tolerance. To this end, iodine was administered at dosages effective for micronutrients to plants grown in different experimental systems (growth chamber and greenhouse), alone or in presence of a mild-moderate NaCl-salinity stress. Plant vegetative fitness, fruit yield and quality, biochemical parameters and transcriptional activity of selected stress-responsive genes were evaluated. In unstressed plants, iodine increased plant growth and fruit yield, as well as some fruit qualitative parameters. In presence of salt stress, iodine mitigated some of the negative effects observed, according to the iodine/NaCl concentrations used. Some fruit parameters and the expressions of the stress marker genes analyzed were affected by the treatments, explaining, at least in part, the increased plant tolerance to the salinity. This study thus reconfirms the functional involvement of iodine in plant nutrition and offers evidence towards the use of minute amounts of it as a beneficial nutrient for crop production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Kiferle
- PlantLab, Center of Plant Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Silvia Gonzali
- PlantLab, Center of Plant Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sara Beltrami
- PlantLab, Center of Plant Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Martinelli
- PlantLab, Center of Plant Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Katja Hora
- SQM International N.V., 2030, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | | | | |
Collapse
|