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Modarresi Chahardehi A, Ojaghi HR, Motedayyen H, Arefnezhad R. Nano-based formulations of thymoquinone are new approaches for psoriasis treatment: a literature review. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1416842. [PMID: 39188726 PMCID: PMC11345144 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1416842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis, a persistent immune-mediated inflammatory skin condition, affects approximately 2-3% of the global population. Current treatments for psoriasis are fraught with limitations, including adverse effects, high costs, and diminishing efficacy over time. Thymoquinone (TQ), derived from Nigella sativa seeds, exhibits promising anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties that could prove beneficial in managing psoriasis. However, TQ's hydrophobic nature and poor bioavailability have hindered its usefulness as a therapeutic agent. Recent research has strategically addressed these challenges by developing nano-thymoquinone (nano-TQ) formulations to enhance delivery and efficacy in treating psoriasis. Preclinical studies employing mouse models have demonstrated that nano-TQ effectively mitigates inflammation, erythema, scaling, epidermal thickness, and cytokine levels in psoriatic lesions. Various nano-TQ formulations, including nanoemulsions, lipid vesicles, nanostructured lipid carriers, and ethosomes, have been explored to improve solubility, facilitate skin penetration, ensure sustained release, and achieve site-specific targeting. Although clinical trials are currently scarce, the outcomes from in vitro and animal models are promising. The potential co-delivery of nano-TQ with other anti-psoriatic agents also presents avenues for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hamid Reza Ojaghi
- Department of Dermatology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Motedayyen
- Autoimmune Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Reza Arefnezhad
- Coenzyme R Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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2
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Ahmed SHH, Tayeb BA, Gonda T, Girst G, Szőri K, Berkecz R, Zupkó I, Minorics R, Hunyadi A. Thymoquinone-protoflavone hybrid molecules as potential antitumor agents. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0291567. [PMID: 38271403 PMCID: PMC10810434 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
We describe herein the synthesis of eight new ester-coupled hybrid compounds from thymoquinone and protoflavone building blocks, and their bioactivity testing against multiple cancer cell lines. Among the hybrids, compound 14 showed promising activities in all cell lines studied. The highest activities were recorded against breast cancer cell lines with higher selectivity to MDA-MB-231 as compared to MCF-7. Even though the hybrids were found to be completely hydrolysed in 24 h under cell culture conditions, compound 14 demonstrated a ca. three times stronger activity against U-87 glioblastoma cells than a 1:1 mixture of its fragments. Further, compound 14 showed good tumour selectivity: it acted 4.4-times stronger on U-87 cells than on MRC-5 fibroblasts. This selectivity was much lower, only ca. 1.3-times, when the cells were co-treated with a 1:1 mixture of its non-coupled fragments. Protoflavone-thymoquinone hybrids may therefore serve as potential new antitumor leads particularly against glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara H. H. Ahmed
- Institute of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Bizhar A. Tayeb
- Institute of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tímea Gonda
- Institute of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Girst
- Institute of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Kornél Szőri
- Institute of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Róbert Berkecz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - István Zupkó
- Institute of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Renáta Minorics
- Institute of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Attila Hunyadi
- Institute of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- HUN-REN-SZTE Biologically Active Natural Products Research Group, Szeged, Hungary
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Natural Products, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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3
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Wu K, Gong W, Sun H, Li W, Chen L, Duan Y, Zhu J, Zhang H, Ke H. SMAD4 inhibits glycolysis in ovarian cancer through PI3K/AKT/HK2 signaling pathway by activating ARHGAP10. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2024; 7:e1976. [PMID: 38230565 PMCID: PMC10849991 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ARHGAP10 is a tumor-suppressor gene related to ovarian cancer (OC) progression; however, its specific mechanism is unclear. AIMS To investigate the effect of ARHGAP10 on OC cell migration, invasion, and glycolysis. METHODS AND RESULTS Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) quantified mRNA and protein expressions of AKT, p-AKT, HK2, and SMAD4 were tested by Western blot. EdU, Wound healing, and Transwell assay were utilized to evaluate OC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. We used a Seahorse XF24 Extracellular Flux Analyzer to monitor cellular oxygen consumption rates (OCR) and extracellular acidification rates (ECAR). Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) was used to analyze the transcriptional regulation of ARHGAP10 by SMAD4. ARHGAP10 expression in OC tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry. Our results showed that ARHGAP10 expression was negatively related to lactate levels in human OC tissues. ARHGAP10 overexpression can inhibit the migration, proliferation, and invasion of OC cells, and this function can be blocked by 2-Deoxy-D-glucose. Moreover, we found that ARHGAP10 expression can be rescued with the AKT inhibitor LY294002. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that the antitumor effects of ARHGAP10 in vivo and in vitro possibly suppress oncogenic glycolysis through the PI3K/AKT/HK2-regulated glycolysis metabolism pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Pudong HospitalFudan University Pudong Medical CenterShanghaiPR China
| | - Wei Gong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Pudong HospitalFudan University Pudong Medical CenterShanghaiPR China
| | - Huanmei Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Pudong HospitalFudan University Pudong Medical CenterShanghaiPR China
| | - Wenjiao Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Pudong HospitalFudan University Pudong Medical CenterShanghaiPR China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Pudong HospitalFudan University Pudong Medical CenterShanghaiPR China
| | - Yingchun Duan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Pudong HospitalFudan University Pudong Medical CenterShanghaiPR China
| | - Jianlong Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Pudong HospitalFudan University Pudong Medical CenterShanghaiPR China
| | - Hu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Pudong HospitalFudan University Pudong Medical CenterShanghaiPR China
| | - Huihui Ke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Pudong HospitalFudan University Pudong Medical CenterShanghaiPR China
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4
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Sheikhnia F, Maghsoudi H, Majidinia M. The Critical Function of microRNAs in Developing Resistance against 5- Fluorouracil in Cancer Cells. Mini Rev Med Chem 2024; 24:601-617. [PMID: 37642002 DOI: 10.2174/1389557523666230825144150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Although there have been significant advancements in cancer treatment, resistance and recurrence in patients make it one of the leading causes of death worldwide. 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), an antimetabolite agent, is widely used in treating a broad range of human malignancies. The cytotoxic effects of 5-FU are mediated by the inhibition of thymidylate synthase (TYMS/TS), resulting in the suppression of essential biosynthetic activity, as well as the misincorporation of its metabolites into RNA and DNA. Despite its huge benefits in cancer therapy, the application of 5-FU in the clinic is restricted due to the occurrence of drug resistance. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that act as negative regulators in many gene expression processes. Research has shown that changes in miRNA play a role in cancer progression and drug resistance. This review examines the role of miRNAs in 5-FU drug resistance in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Sheikhnia
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Hossein Maghsoudi
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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5
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Hashemi M, Taheriazam A, Daneii P, Hassanpour A, Kakavand A, Rezaei S, Hejazi ES, Aboutalebi M, Gholamrezaie H, Saebfar H, Salimimoghadam S, Mirzaei S, Entezari M, Samarghandian S. Targeting PI3K/Akt signaling in prostate cancer therapy. J Cell Commun Signal 2023; 17:423-443. [PMID: 36367667 PMCID: PMC10409967 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-022-00702-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Urological cancers have obtained much attention in recent years due to their mortality and morbidity. The most common and malignant tumor of urological cancers is prostate cancer that imposes high socioeconomic costs on public life and androgen-deprivation therapy, surgery, and combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy are employed in its treatment. PI3K/Akt signaling is an oncogenic pathway responsible for migration, proliferation and drug resistance in various cancers. In the present review, the role of PI3K/Akt signaling in prostate cancer progression is highlighted. The activation of PI3K/Akt signaling occurs in prostate cancer, while PTEN as inhibitor of PI3K/Akt shows down-regulation. Stimulation of PI3K/Akt signaling promotes survival of prostate tumor cells and prevents apoptosis. The cell cycle progression and proliferation rate of prostate tumor cells increase by PI3K/Akt signaling induction. PI3K/Akt signaling stimulates EMT and enhances metastasis of prostate tumor cells. Silencing PI3K/Akt signaling impairs growth and metastasis of prostate tumor cells. Activation of PI3K/Akt signaling mediates drug resistance and reduces radio-sensitivity of prostate tumor cells. Anti-tumor compounds suppress PI3K/Akt signaling in impairing prostate tumor progression. Furthermore, upstream regulators such as miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs regulate PI3K/Akt signaling and it has clinical implications for prostate cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pouria Daneii
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aria Hassanpour
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirabbas Kakavand
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shamin Rezaei
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Sadat Hejazi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Aboutalebi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Gholamrezaie
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Saebfar
- League of European Research Universities, European University Association, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Shokooh Salimimoghadam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Healthy Ageing Research Centre, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
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Li X, Xie L, Zhou L, Gan Y, Han S, Zhou Y, Qing X, Li W. Bergenin Inhibits Tumor Growth and Overcomes Radioresistance by Targeting Aerobic Glycolysis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2023; 51:1905-1925. [PMID: 37646142 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x23500842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Hexokinase 2 (HK2), the first glycolytic rate-limiting enzyme, is closely correlated with the occurrence and progression of tumors. Effective therapeutic agents targeting HK2 are urgently needed. Bergenin has exhibited various pharmacological activities, such as antitumor properties. However, the effects of bergenin on the abnormal glucose metabolism of cancer cells are yet unclear. In this study, HK2 was overexpressed in OSCC tissues, and the depletion of HK2 inhibited the growth of OSCC cells in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, these results showed that the natural compound, bergenin, exerted a robust antitumor effect on OSCC cells. Bergenin inhibited cancer cell proliferation, suppressed glycolysis, and induced intrinsic apoptosis in OSCC cells by downregulating HK2. Notably, bergenin restored the antitumor efficacy of irradiation in the radioresistant OSCC cells. A mechanistic study revealed that bergenin upregulated the protein level of phosphatase and the tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) by enhancing the interaction between PTEN and ubiquitin-specific protease 13 (USP13) and stabilizing PTEN; this eventually inhibited AKT phosphorylation and HK2 expression. Bergenin was identified as a novel therapeutic agent against glycolysis to inhibit OSCC and overcome radioresistance. Targeting PTEN/AKT/HK2 signaling could be a promising option for clinical OSCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Li
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P. R. China
| | - Li Xie
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Cancer, Hospital/the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P. R. China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Pathology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P. R. China
| | - Yu Gan
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P. R. China
| | - Shuangze Han
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P. R. China
- Department of Ultrasound, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P. R. China
| | - Yuanfeng Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taizhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Taizhou 317000, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Qing
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P. R. China
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P. R. China
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7
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Zhan L, Su F, Li Q, Wen Y, Wei F, He Z, Chen X, Yin X, Wang J, Cai Y, Gong Y, Chen Y, Ma X, Zeng J. Phytochemicals targeting glycolysis in colorectal cancer therapy: effects and mechanisms of action. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1257450. [PMID: 37693915 PMCID: PMC10484417 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1257450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignant tumor in the world, and it is prone to recurrence and metastasis during treatment. Aerobic glycolysis is one of the main characteristics of tumor cell metabolism in CRC. Tumor cells rely on glycolysis to rapidly consume glucose and to obtain more lactate and intermediate macromolecular products so as to maintain growth and proliferation. The regulation of the CRC glycolysis pathway is closely associated with several signal transduction pathways and transcription factors including phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR), adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK), hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), myc, and p53. Targeting the glycolytic pathway has become one of the key research aspects in CRC therapy. Many phytochemicals were shown to exert anti-CRC activity by targeting the glycolytic pathway. Here, we review the effects and mechanisms of phytochemicals on CRC glycolytic pathways, providing a new method of drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhan
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fangting Su
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yueqiang Wen
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Wei
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhelin He
- Guang’an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guang’an, China
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- Guang’an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guang’an, China
| | - Xiang Yin
- Guang’an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guang’an, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Guang’an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guang’an, China
| | - Yilin Cai
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuxia Gong
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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8
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He P, He Y, Ma J, Liu Y, Liu C, Baoping Y, Dong W. Thymoquinone induces apoptosis and protective autophagy in gastric cancer cells by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Phytother Res 2023; 37:3467-3480. [PMID: 37288949 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is often diagnosed in the advanced stages with a poor prognosis. Thymoquinone (TQ) is known for its antitumor activity; however, the specific mechanism in GC remains unknown. In our study, TQ inhibited GC cell proliferation and induced apoptosis and autophagy in a concentration-dependent manner. Transmission electron microscopy showed increased autophagosome formation in GC cells treated with TQ. Meanwhile, the LC3B puncta and LC3BII protein levels were significantly increased in GC cells, while p62 expression was significantly decreased. The autophagy inhibitor, Bafilomycin A1 enhanced TQ-inhibited proliferation and TQ-induced apoptosis, suggesting that TQ-induced autophagy has a protective effect on GC cells. Furthermore, TQ decreased the phosphorylation levels of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3 kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (Akt), and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR). The PI3K agonist partially rescued TQ-induced autophagy and apoptosis. Finally, in vivo experiments showed that TQ could inhibit tumor growth and promote apoptosis and autophagy. This study provides new insights into the specific mechanism for the anti-GC effect of TQ. TQ inhibits the proliferation of GC cells and induces apoptosis and protective autophagy by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. The results suggest that the combination of TQ and autophagy inhibitors might be a potential chemotherapeutic strategy for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengzhan He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Yang He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Jingjing Ma
- Department of Geriatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Yinghui Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Chuan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Yu Baoping
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Weiguo Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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Khamis T, Diab AAAA, Zahra MH, El-Dahmy SE, Abd Al-Hameed BA, Abdelkhalek A, Said MA, Abdellatif H, Fericean LM, Banatean-Dunea I, Arisha AH, Attia MS. The Antiproliferative Activity of Adiantum pedatum Extract and/or Piceatannol in Phenylhydrazine-Induced Colon Cancer in Male Albino Rats: The miR-145 Expression of the PI-3K/ Akt/ p53 and Oct4/ Sox2/ Nanog Pathways. Molecules 2023; 28:5543. [PMID: 37513415 PMCID: PMC10383735 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide, and its incidence is increasing. Despite advances in medical science, the treatment of colon cancer still poses a significant challenge. This study aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of Adiantum pedatum (AP) extract and/or piceatannol on colon cancer induced via phenylhydrazine (PHZ) in terms of the antioxidant and apoptotic pathways and histopathologic changes in the colons of male albino rats. The rats were randomly divided into eight groups: control, AP extract, piceatannol (P), PHZ, PHZ and AP treatments, PHZ and P treatments, PHZ and both AP and P, and PHZ and prophylaxis with both AP and P. The results demonstrated that PHZ induced oxidative damage, apoptosis, and histopathological changes compared to the control group. However, the administration of AP or P or AP + P as therapy or prophylaxis significantly ameliorated these changes and upregulated the colonic mir-145 and mRNA expression of P53 and PDCD-4 while downregulating the colonic mRNA expression of PI3K, AKT, c-Myc, CK-20, SOX-2, OCT-4, and NanoG compared to the PHZ group. These findings suggest that the candidate drugs may exert their anti-cancer effects through multiple mechanisms, including antioxidant and apoptotic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Khamis
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | | | - Mansour H Zahra
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Samih Ebrahim El-Dahmy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | | | - Adel Abdelkhalek
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City 11829, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Said
- Zagazig University Hospital, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Hussein Abdellatif
- Department of Human and Clinical Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Liana Mihaela Fericean
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Life Sciences, King Mihai I" from Timisoara [ULST], Aradului St. 119, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ioan Banatean-Dunea
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Life Sciences, King Mihai I" from Timisoara [ULST], Aradului St. 119, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ahmed Hamed Arisha
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City 11829, Egypt
- Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Mai S Attia
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
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10
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Farrash WF, Aslam A, Almaimani R, Minshawi F, Almasmoum H, Alsaegh A, Iqbal MS, Tabassum A, Elzubier ME, El-Readi MZ, Mahbub AA, Idris S, Refaat B. Metformin and thymoquinone co-treatment enhance 5-fluorouracil cytotoxicity by suppressing the PI3K/mTOR/HIF1α pathway and increasing oxidative stress in colon cancer cells. Biofactors 2023; 49:831-848. [PMID: 36929658 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the chemotherapeutic effects of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), metformin (Met), and/or thymoquinone (TQ) single/dual/triple therapies in the HT29, SW480 and SW620 colon cancer (CRC) cell lines. Cell cycle/apoptosis were measured by flow cytometry. The gene and protein expression of apoptosis (PCNA/survivin/BAX/Cytochrome-C/Caspase-3) and cell cycle (CCND1/CCND3/p21/p27) molecules, the PI3K/mTOR/HIF1α oncogenic pathway, and glycolysis regulatory enzymes were measured by quantitative-PCR and Western blot. Markers of oxidative stress were also measured by colorimetric assays. Although all treatments induced anti-cancer effects related to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, the triple therapy showed the highest pro-apoptotic actions that coincided with the lowest expression of CCND1/CCND3/PCNA/survivin and the maximal increases in p21/p27/BAX/Cytochrome-C/Caspase-3 in all cell lines. The triple therapy also revealed the best suppression of the PI3K/mTOR/HIF1α pathway by increasing its endogenous inhibitors (PTEN/AMPKα) in all cell lines. Moreover, the lowest expression of lactate dehydrogenase and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-1 with the highest expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase were seen with the triple therapy, which also showed the highest increases in oxidative stress markers (ROS/RNS/MDA/protein carbonyl groups) alongside the lowest antioxidant levels (GSH/CAT) in all cell lines. In conclusion, this is the first study to reveal enhanced anti-cancer effects for metformin/thymoquinone in CRC that were superior to all monotherapies and the other dual therapies. However, the triple therapy approach showed the best tumoricidal actions related to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in all cell lines, possibly by enhancing oxidative glycolysis and augmenting oxidative stress through stronger modulation of the PI3K/mTOR/HIF1α oncogenic network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesam F Farrash
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Akhmed Aslam
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyad Almaimani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Minshawi
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussain Almasmoum
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aiman Alsaegh
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad S Iqbal
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aisha Tabassum
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed E Elzubier
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Z El-Readi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assuit, Egypt
| | - Amani A Mahbub
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shakir Idris
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bassem Refaat
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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11
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Sadeghi E, Imenshahidi M, Hosseinzadeh H. Molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways of black cumin (Nigella sativa) and its active constituent, thymoquinone: a review. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:5439-5454. [PMID: 37155017 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08363-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nigella sativa and its main bioactive ingredient, thymoquinone, exhibit various pharmacological activities, including neuroprotective, nephroprotective, cardioprotective, gastroprotective, hepatoprotective, and anti-cancer effects. Many studies have been conducted trying to elucidate the molecular signaling pathways that mediate these diverse pharmacological properties of N. sativa and thymoquinone. Accordingly, the goal of this review is to show the effects of N. sativa and thymoquinone on different cell signaling pathways. METHODS The online databases Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science were searched to identify relevant articles using a list of related keywords such as Nigella sativa, black cumin, thymoquinone, black seed, signal transduction, cell signaling, antioxidant, Nrf2, NF-κB, PI3K/AKT, apoptosis, JAK/STAT, AMPK, MAPK, etc. Only articles published in the English language until May 2022 were included in the present review article. RESULTS Studies indicate that N. sativa and thymoquinone improve antioxidant enzyme activities, effectively scavenges free radicals, and thus protect cells from oxidative stress. They can also regulate responses to oxidative stress and inflammation via Nrf2 and NF-κB pathways. N. sativa and thymoquinone can inhibit cancer cell proliferation through disruption of the PI3K/AKT pathway by upregulating phosphatase and tensin homolog. Thymoquinone can modulate reactive oxygen species levels in tumor cells, arrest the cell cycle in the G2/M phase as well as affect molecular targets including p53, STAT3 and trigger the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Thymoquinone, by adjusting AMPK, can regulate cellular metabolism and energy hemostasis. Finally, N. sativa and thymoquinone can elevate brain GABA content, and thus it may ameliorate epilepsy. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, the improvement of antioxidant status and prevention of inflammatory process by modulating the Nrf2 and NF-κB signaling and inhibition of cancer cell proliferation through disruption of the PI3K/AKT pathway appear to be the main mechanisms involved in different pharmacological properties of N. sativa and thymoquinone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Sadeghi
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Imenshahidi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, P.O.Box: 1365-91775, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, P.O.Box: 1365-91775, Mashhad, Iran.
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Sethi G, Rath P, Chauhan A, Ranjan A, Choudhary R, Ramniwas S, Sak K, Aggarwal D, Rani I, Tuli HS. Apoptotic Mechanisms of Quercetin in Liver Cancer: Recent Trends and Advancements. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:712. [PMID: 36840034 PMCID: PMC9960374 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to rising incidence rates of liver cancer and worries about the toxicity of current chemotherapeutic medicines, the hunt for further alternative methods to treat this malignancy has escalated. Compared to chemotherapy, quercetin, a flavonoid, is relatively less harmful to normal cells and is regarded as an excellent free-radical scavenger. Apoptotic cell death of cancer cells caused by quercetin has been demonstrated by many prior studies. It is present in many fruits, vegetables, and herbs. Quercetin targets apoptosis, by upregulating Bax, caspase-3, and p21 while downregulating Akt, PLK-1, cyclin-B1, cyclin-A, CDC-2, CDK-2, and Bcl-2. Additionally, it has been reported to increase STAT3 protein degradation in liver cancer cells while decreasing STAT3 activation. Quercetin has a potential future in chemoprevention, based on substantial research on its anticancer effects. The current review discusses quercetin's mechanisms of action, nanodelivery strategies, and other potential cellular effects in liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
| | - Prangya Rath
- Amity Institute of Environmental Sciences, Amity University, Noida 201303, India
| | - Abhishek Chauhan
- Amity Institute of Environmental Toxicology, Safety and Management, Amity University, Noida 201303, India
| | - Anuj Ranjan
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Renuka Choudhary
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala 133207, India
| | - Seema Ramniwas
- University Centre for Research and Development, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, India
| | | | - Diwakar Aggarwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala 133207, India
| | - Isha Rani
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar College of Medical Sciences and Research (MMCMSR), Sadopur, Ambala 134007, India
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala 133207, India
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Li L, Yang M, Yu J, Cheng S, Ahmad M, Wu C, Wan X, Xu B, Ben-David Y, Luo H. A Novel L-Phenylalanine Dipeptide Inhibits the Growth and Metastasis of Prostate Cancer Cells via Targeting DUSP1 and TNFSF9. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810916. [PMID: 36142828 PMCID: PMC9504056 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common malignant cancer of the urinary system. Drug therapy, chemotherapy, and radical prostatectomy are the primary treatment methods, but drug resistance and postoperative recurrence often occur. Therefore, seeking novel anti-tumor compounds with high efficiency and low toxicity from natural products can produce a new tumor treatment method. Matijin-Su [N-(N-benzoyl-L-phenylalanyl)-O-acetyl-L-phenylalanol, MTS] is a phenylalanine dipeptide monomer compound that is isolated from the Chinese ethnic medicine Matijin (Dichondra repens Forst.). Its derivatives exhibit various pharmacological activities, especially anti-tumor. Among them, the novel MTS derivative HXL131 has a significant inhibitory effect against prostate tumor growth and metastasis. This study is designed to investigate the effects of HXL131 on the growth and metastasis of human PCa cell lines PC3 and its molecular mechanism through in vitro experiments combined with proteomics, molecular docking, and gene silencing. The in vitro results showed that HXL131 concentration dependently inhibited PC3 cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, arrested cell cycle at the G2/M phase, and inhibited cell migration capacity. A proteomic analysis and a Western blot showed that HXL131 up-regulated the expression of proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, and migration-related proteins CYR61, TIMP1, SOD2, IL6, SERPINE2, DUSP1, TNFSF9, OSMR, TNFRSF10D, and TNFRSF12A. Molecular docking, a cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA), and gene silencing showed that HXL131 had a strong binding affinity with DUSP1 and TNFSF9, which are important target genes for inhibiting the growth and metastasis of PC3 cells. This study demonstrates that HXL131 exhibited excellent anti-prostate cancer activity and inhibited the growth and metastasis of prostate cancer cells by regulating the expression of DUSP1 and TNFSF9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Mingfei Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Jia Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Sha Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Mashaal Ahmad
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Caihong Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xinwei Wan
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Bixue Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Yaacov Ben-David
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China
- Correspondence: (Y.B.-D.); (H.L.); Tel.: +86-0851-8387-6210 (H.L.)
| | - Heng Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China
- Correspondence: (Y.B.-D.); (H.L.); Tel.: +86-0851-8387-6210 (H.L.)
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Liu Y, Huang L, Kim MY, Cho JY. The Role of Thymoquinone in Inflammatory Response in Chronic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810246. [PMID: 36142148 PMCID: PMC9499585 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-inflammatory therapies have been shown to be effective in the prevention of various cardiovascular diseases, tumors, and cancer complications. Thymoquinone (TQ), the main active constituent of Nigella sativa, has shown promising therapeutic properties in many in vivo and in vitro models. However, TQ has poor bioavailability and is hydrophobic, prohibiting clinical trials with TQ alone. Studies have explored the combination of TQ with biological nanomaterials to improve its bioavailability. The TQ nanoparticle formulation shows better bioavailability than free TQ, and these formulations are ready for clinical trials to determine their potential as therapeutic agents. In this paper, we review current knowledge about the interaction between TQ and the inflammatory response and summarize the research prospects in Korea and abroad. We discuss the different biological activities of TQ and various combination therapies of TQ and nanomaterials in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Biocosmetics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Mi-Yeon Kim
- Department of Biocosmetics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.-Y.K.); (J.Y.C.); Tel.:+82-2-820-0458 (M.-Y.K.); +82-31-290-7868 (J.Y.C.)
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
- Department of Biocosmetics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.-Y.K.); (J.Y.C.); Tel.:+82-2-820-0458 (M.-Y.K.); +82-31-290-7868 (J.Y.C.)
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