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Pérez M, Lado GM, Mato G, Franco DG, Vinciguerra IA, Berisso MG, Pomiro FJ, Lipovetzky J, Marpegan L. High-resolution X-Ray imaging of small animal samples based on Commercial-Off-The-Shelf CMOS image sensors. JOURNAL OF X-RAY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2024; 32:355-367. [PMID: 38427532 DOI: 10.3233/xst-230232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
An automated system for acquiring microscopic-resolution radiographic images of biological samples was developed. Mass-produced, low-cost, and easily automated components were used, such as Commercial-Off-The-Self CMOS image sensors (CIS), stepper motors, and control boards based on Arduino and RaspberryPi. System configuration, imaging protocols, and Image processing (filtering and stitching) were defined to obtain high-resolution images and for successful computational image reconstruction. Radiographic images were obtained for animal samples including the widely used animal models zebrafish (Danio rerio) and the fruit-fly (Drosophila melanogaster), as well as other small animal samples. The use of phosphotungstic acid (PTA) as a contrast agent was also studied. Radiographic images with resolutions of up to (7±0.6)μm were obtained, making this system comparable to commercial ones. This work constitutes a starting point for the development of more complex systems such as X-ray attenuation micro-tomography systems based on low-cost off-the-shelf technology. It will also bring the possibility to expand the studies that can be carried out with small animal models at many institutions (mostly those working on tight budgets), particularly those on the effects of ionizing radiation and absorption of heavy metal contaminants in animal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- MartÍn Pérez
- Centro Atómico Bariloche, Av. Bustillo 9500, S. C. de Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina
- Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Argentina
- Instituto Balseiro, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Argentina
| | - Gerardo M Lado
- Centro Atómico Bariloche, Av. Bustillo 9500, S. C. de Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina
- Instituto Balseiro, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Argentina
| | - Germán Mato
- Centro Atómico Bariloche, Av. Bustillo 9500, S. C. de Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina
- Instituto Balseiro, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina
| | - Diego G Franco
- Centro Atómico Bariloche, Av. Bustillo 9500, S. C. de Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina
- Instituto Balseiro, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina
| | - Ignacio Artola Vinciguerra
- Centro Atómico Bariloche, Av. Bustillo 9500, S. C. de Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina
- Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Argentina
| | - Mariano Gómez Berisso
- Centro Atómico Bariloche, Av. Bustillo 9500, S. C. de Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina
- Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Argentina
- Instituto Balseiro, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina
| | - Federico J Pomiro
- Centro Atómico Bariloche, Av. Bustillo 9500, S. C. de Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina
- Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Argentina
| | - José Lipovetzky
- Centro Atómico Bariloche, Av. Bustillo 9500, S. C. de Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina
- Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Argentina
- Instituto Balseiro, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina
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Akagi K, Koizumi K, Kadowaki M, Kitajima I, Saito S. New Possibilities for Evaluating the Development of Age-Related Pathologies Using the Dynamical Network Biomarkers Theory. Cells 2023; 12:2297. [PMID: 37759519 PMCID: PMC10528308 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is the slowest process in a living organism. During this process, mortality rate increases exponentially due to the accumulation of damage at the cellular level. Cellular senescence is a well-established hallmark of aging, as well as a promising target for preventing aging and age-related diseases. However, mapping the senescent cells in tissues is extremely challenging, as their low abundance, lack of specific markers, and variability arise from heterogeneity. Hence, methodologies for identifying or predicting the development of senescent cells are necessary for achieving healthy aging. A new wave of bioinformatic methodologies based on mathematics/physics theories have been proposed to be applied to aging biology, which is altering the way we approach our understand of aging. Here, we discuss the dynamical network biomarkers (DNB) theory, which allows for the prediction of state transition in complex systems such as living organisms, as well as usage of Raman spectroscopy that offers a non-invasive and label-free imaging, and provide a perspective on potential applications for the study of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazutaka Akagi
- Research Center for Pre-Disease Science, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - Keiichi Koizumi
- Research Center for Pre-Disease Science, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
- Division of Presymptomatic Disease, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Makoto Kadowaki
- Research Center for Pre-Disease Science, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - Isao Kitajima
- Research Center for Pre-Disease Science, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - Shigeru Saito
- Research Center for Pre-Disease Science, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
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Yamaguchi M, Cotterill S. Association of Mutations in Replicative DNA Polymerase Genes with Human Disease: Possible Application of Drosophila Models for Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098078. [PMID: 37175782 PMCID: PMC10178534 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Replicative DNA polymerases, such as DNA polymerase α-primase, δ and ε, are multi-subunit complexes that are responsible for the bulk of nuclear DNA replication during the S phase. Over the last decade, extensive genome-wide association studies and expression profiling studies of the replicative DNA polymerase genes in human patients have revealed a link between the replicative DNA polymerase genes and various human diseases and disorders including cancer, intellectual disability, microcephalic primordial dwarfism and immunodeficiency. These studies suggest the importance of dissecting the mechanisms involved in the functioning of replicative DNA polymerases in understanding and treating a range of human diseases. Previous studies in Drosophila have established this organism as a useful model to understand a variety of human diseases. Here, we review the studies on Drosophila that explored the link between DNA polymerases and human disease. First, we summarize the recent studies linking replicative DNA polymerases to various human diseases and disorders. We then review studies on replicative DNA polymerases in Drosophila. Finally, we suggest the possible use of Drosophila models to study human diseases and disorders associated with replicative DNA polymerases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sue Cotterill
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK
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