1
|
Boczkowska M, Puchta-Jasińska M, Bolc P, Moskal K, Puła S, Motor A, Bączek K, Groszyk J, Podyma W. Characterization of the Moroccan Barley Germplasm Preserved in the Polish Genebank as a First Step towards Selecting Forms with Increased Drought Tolerance. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16350. [PMID: 38003539 PMCID: PMC10671370 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In marginal, arid, and semi-arid areas of Morocco, crops are often exposed to multiple abiotic and biotic stresses that have a major impact on yield. Farmer-maintained Moroccan landraces have been shaped by the impact of very strong selection pressures, gradually adapting to the local ecosystem and obsolete low-input agricultural practices without improvement towards high yield and quality. Considering the increasing threat of drought in Poland, it is necessary to introduce germplasm with tolerance to water deficit into barley breeding programs. The aim of this research was a DArTseq-based genetic characterization of a collection of germplasm of Moroccan origin, conserved in the Polish genebank. The results showed that all conserved landraces have a high level of heterogeneity and their gene pool is different from the material developed by Polish breeders. Based on the analysis of eco-geographical data, locations with extremely different intensities of drought stress were selected. A total of 129 SNPs unique to accessions from these locations were identified. In the neighborhood of the clusters of unique SNPs on chromosomes 5H and 6H, genes that may be associated with plant response to drought stress were identified. The results obtained may provide a roadmap for further research to support Polish barley breeding for increased drought tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maja Boczkowska
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute—National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870 Błonie, Poland; (M.P.-J.); (P.B.); (K.M.); (S.P.); (A.M.); (J.G.); (W.P.)
| | - Marta Puchta-Jasińska
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute—National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870 Błonie, Poland; (M.P.-J.); (P.B.); (K.M.); (S.P.); (A.M.); (J.G.); (W.P.)
| | - Paulina Bolc
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute—National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870 Błonie, Poland; (M.P.-J.); (P.B.); (K.M.); (S.P.); (A.M.); (J.G.); (W.P.)
| | - Kinga Moskal
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute—National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870 Błonie, Poland; (M.P.-J.); (P.B.); (K.M.); (S.P.); (A.M.); (J.G.); (W.P.)
| | - Szymon Puła
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute—National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870 Błonie, Poland; (M.P.-J.); (P.B.); (K.M.); (S.P.); (A.M.); (J.G.); (W.P.)
| | - Adrian Motor
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute—National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870 Błonie, Poland; (M.P.-J.); (P.B.); (K.M.); (S.P.); (A.M.); (J.G.); (W.P.)
| | - Katarzyna Bączek
- Department of Vegetable and Medicinal Plants, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, 159 Nowoursynowska Str., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Jolanta Groszyk
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute—National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870 Błonie, Poland; (M.P.-J.); (P.B.); (K.M.); (S.P.); (A.M.); (J.G.); (W.P.)
| | - Wiesław Podyma
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute—National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870 Błonie, Poland; (M.P.-J.); (P.B.); (K.M.); (S.P.); (A.M.); (J.G.); (W.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wonneberger R, Schreiber M, Haaning A, Muehlbauer GJ, Waugh R, Stein N. Major chromosome 5H haplotype switch structures the European two-rowed spring barley germplasm of the past 190 years. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:174. [PMID: 37477711 PMCID: PMC10361897 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04418-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Selection over 70 years has led to almost complete fixation of a haplotype spanning ~ 250 Mbp of chomosome 5H in European two-rowed spring barleys, possibly originating from North Africa. Plant breeding and selection have shaped the genetic composition of modern crops over the past decades and centuries and have led to great improvements in agronomic and quality traits. Knowledge of the genetic composition of breeding germplasm is essential to make informed decisions in breeding programs. In this study, we characterized the structure and composition of 209 barley cultivars representative of the European two-rowed spring barley germplasm of the past 190 years. Utilizing high-density SNP marker data, we identified a distinct centromeric haplotype spanning a ~ 250 Mbp large region on chromosome 5H which likely was first introduced into the European breeding germplasm in the early to mid-twentieth century and has been non-recombining and under strong positive selection over the past 70 years. Almost all cultivars in our panel that were released after 2000 carry this new haplotype, suggesting that this region carries one or several genes conferring highly beneficial traits. Using the global barley collection of the German Federal ex situ gene bank at IPK Gatersleben, we found the new haplotype at high frequencies in six-rowed spring-type landraces from Northern Africa, from which it may have been introduced into modern European barley germplasm via southern European landraces. The presence of a 250 Mbp genomic region characterized by lack of recombination and high levels of fixation in modern barley germplasm has substantial implications for the genetic diversity of the modern barley germplasm and for barley breeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronja Wonneberger
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), OT Gatersleben, Corrensstrasse 3, 06466, Seeland, Germany
- Cell and Molecular Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, Scotland, UK
| | - Miriam Schreiber
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Dundee, James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, Scotland, UK
- Information and Computational Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, Scotland, UK
| | - Allison Haaning
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Gary J Muehlbauer
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Robbie Waugh
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Dundee, James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, Scotland, UK
- Cell and Molecular Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, Scotland, UK
- School of Agriculture and Wine & Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Nils Stein
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), OT Gatersleben, Corrensstrasse 3, 06466, Seeland, Germany.
- Center for Integrated Breeding Research (CiBreed), Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Schmidt SB, Brown LK, Booth A, Wishart J, Hedley PE, Martin P, Husted S, George TS, Russell J. Heritage genetics for adaptation to marginal soils in barley. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 28:544-551. [PMID: 36858842 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2023.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Future crops need to be sustainable in the face of climate change. Modern barley varieties have been bred for high productivity and quality; however, they have suffered considerable genetic erosion, losing crucial genetic diversity. This renders modern cultivars vulnerable to climate change and stressful environments. We highlight the potential to tailor crops to a specific environment by utilising diversity inherent in an adapted landrace population. Tapping into natural biodiversity, while incorporating information about local environmental and climatic conditions, allows targeting of key traits and genotypes, enabling crop production in marginal soils. We outline future directions for the utilisation of genetic resources maintained in landrace collections to support sustainable agriculture through germplasm development via the use of genomics technologies and big data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sidsel Birkelund Schmidt
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK; Innovation Centre for Organic Farming, Agro Food Park 26, 8200 Aarhus N., Denmark
| | - Lawrie K Brown
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Allan Booth
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK
| | - John Wishart
- Agronomy Institute, Orkney College, University of the Highlands and Islands, Orkney, UK
| | - Pete E Hedley
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Peter Martin
- Agronomy Institute, Orkney College, University of the Highlands and Islands, Orkney, UK
| | - Søren Husted
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1879 Frederiksberg C., Denmark
| | | | - Joanne Russell
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Koroluk A, Sowa S, Boczkowska M, Paczos-Grzęda E. Utilizing Genomics to Characterize the Common Oat Gene Pool—The Story of More than a Century of Polish Breeding. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076547. [PMID: 37047519 PMCID: PMC10094864 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was undertaken to investigate the diversity and population structure of 487 oat accessions, including breeding lines from the ongoing programs of the three largest Polish breeding companies, along with modern and historical Polish and foreign cultivars. The analysis was based on 7411 DArTseq-derived SNPs distributed among three sub-genomes (A, C, and D). The heterogeneity of the studied material was very low, as only cultivars and advanced breeding lines were examined. Principal component analysis (PCA), principal coordinate analysis (PCoA), and cluster and STRUCTURE analyses found congruent results, which show that most of the examined cultivars and materials from Polish breeding programs formed major gene pools, that only some accessions derived from Strzelce Plant Breeding, and that foreign cultivars were outside of the main group. During the 120 year oat breeding process, only 67 alleles from the old gene pool were lost and replaced by 67 new alleles. The obtained results indicate that no erosion of genetic diversity was observed within the Polish native oat gene pool. Moreover, current oat breeding programs have introduced 673 new alleles into the gene pool relative to historical cultivars. The analysis also showed that most of the changes in relation to historical cultivars occurred within the A sub-genome with emphasis on chromosome 6A. The targeted changes were the rarest in the C sub-genome. This study showed that Polish oat breeding based mainly on traditional breeding methods—although focused on improving traits typical to this crop, i.e., enhancing the grain yield and quality and improving adaptability—did not significantly narrow the oat gene pool and in fact produced cultivars that are not only competitive in the European market but are also reservoirs of new alleles that were not found in the analyzed foreign materials.
Collapse
|