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Lambuk F, Nordin NA, Mussa A, Lambuk L, Ahmad S, Hassan R, Kadir R, Mohamud R, Yahya NK. Towards understanding the role of nanomedicine in targeting TNFR2 in rheumatoid arthritis. Immunology 2024. [PMID: 39191474 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation of the synovium and progressive joint destruction which significantly affects both quality of life and socioeconomic status. Admittedly, various treatments are available, but they are usually accompanied by various side effects, from mild to severe, and potentially with adverse events. Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of RA. It promotes inflammatory, apoptosis and necroptosis via TNF receptor-1 (TNFR1) but elicit anti-inflammatory effects via TNFR2. Herein, targeting TNFR2 has gained attention in RA studies. Understanding the role of nanomedicine in modulating TNFR2 signalling may be the instrument in development of RA therapies. Nanotechnology has made a significant progress in treating various conditions of diseases since its inception. Due to this, nanomedicine has emerged as a promising therapeutics approach for RA. Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of nanomedicine in RA theranostics, combining therapy and diagnostics for improved treatment outcomes. Owing to the challenges and advancements in the field of nanotechnology, nanoparticles are seen as an applicable candidate in the treatment of RA. In this review, we provide an overview of the role of nanomedicine in targeting TNFR2 for the treatment of RA and highlight the limitations of current therapies as well as the potential of nanocarriers with controlled drug release and active targeting abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatmawati Lambuk
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Malaysia
| | - Nor Asyikin Nordin
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Malaysia
| | - Ali Mussa
- Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Malaysia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, Sudan
| | - Lidawani Lambuk
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Malaysia
| | - Suhana Ahmad
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Rosline Hassan
- Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Malaysia
| | - Ramlah Kadir
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Malaysia
| | - Rohimah Mohamud
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Khaiza Yahya
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Malaysia
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Han Z, Gong L, Xue Y, Wang R, Liu J, Wang X, Zhao W, Liao H, Li R. Effects of Inonotus obliquus on ameliorating podocyte injury in ORG mice through TNF pathway and prediction of active compounds. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1426917. [PMID: 39234117 PMCID: PMC11371614 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1426917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Podocyte injury is a common pathologic mechanism in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and obesity-related glomerulopathy (ORG). Our previous study confirmed that Inonotus obliquus (IO) improved podocyte injury on DKD rats. The current study explored the pharmacological effects, related mechanisms and possible active components of IO on ORG mice. Methods Firstly, by combining ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry analysis (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) with network pharmacology to construct the human protein-protein interaction mechanism and enrich the pathway, which led to discover the crucial mechanism of IO against ORG. Then, ORG mice were established by high-fat diet and biochemical assays, histopathology, and Western blot were used to explore the effects of IO on obesity and podocyte injury. Finally, network pharmacology-based findings were confirmed by immunohistochemistry. The compositions of IO absorbed in mice plasma were analyzed by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and molecular docking was used to predict the possible active compounds. Results The network pharmacology result suggested that IO alleviated the inflammatory response of ORG by modulating TNF signal. The 20-week in vivo experiment confirmed that IO improved glomerular hypertrophy, podocyte injury under electron microscopy, renal nephrin, synaptopodin, TNF-α and IL-6 expressions with Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining. Other indicators of ORG such as body weight, kidney weight, serum total cholesterol, liver triglyceride also improved by IO intervention. The components analysis showed that triterpenoids, including inoterpene F and trametenolic acid, might be the pharmacodynamic basis. Conclusion The research based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS analysis, network pharmacology and in vivo experiment suggested that the amelioration of IO on podocyte injury in ORG mice via its modulation on TNF signal. Triterpenoids were predicated as acting components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaodi Han
- Drug Clinical Trial Institution, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Le Gong
- School of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yani Xue
- School of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Wenyan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hui Liao
- Drug Clinical Trial Institution, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Rongshan Li
- Department of Nephrology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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Manafu Z, Du R, Malajiang X, Abulikemu G, Xue L, Bierdelieke A, Xie Y, Liu D, Mai Z, Guo Q, Wusiman A, Li B, Abula S. Effects of Alhagi maurorum Medik polysaccharide derived from different regions on the intestinal immune functions of lambs. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1422461. [PMID: 39076595 PMCID: PMC11284127 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1422461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Plant polysaccharide are widely studied as potential prebiotics because of their potential to protect and enhance the immunity of lambs. Methods: In this study, the polysaccharide content of Alhagi maurorum Medik from Aksu (AK) and Shanshan (SS) at different cutting periods was determined, and the functions of Alhagi maurorum Medik polysaccharide were investigated to useas an immunomodulator. Results: Our results indicated that the content of Alhagi maurorum Medik polysaccharide is the highest at the maturity stage, and the polysaccharide content of Alhagi maurorum Medik produced in Shanshan area is higher as compared to the Aksu area. The serum IgG, duodenum IgA, TNF-α, IL-4, IL-10 contents, jejunum IgA, TNF-α, IL-4, IL-17 contents, ileum IgA, IL-17 contents, duodenum villus height, crypt depth and jejunum crypt depth of lambs were significantly adjusted in the SS group as compared to CK control group and AK groups (p < 0.05). Furthemore, the sequencing results showed that SS polysaccharide promoted the release of large amounts of IgA and enhanced the immunal function of intestine by regulating the IgA production pathway and B-cell receptor signaling to activate B cells in the T-dependent pathway. Discussion: Altogether, Alhagi maurorum Medik polysaccharide from SS group holds a promising potential to be used as a valuable immunopotentiator for optimizing the immune system of intestine in lambs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulikeyan Manafu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of New Drug Study and Creation for Herbivorous Animal, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
- College of Grassland Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Ronglijiao Du
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of New Drug Study and Creation for Herbivorous Animal, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xieraili Malajiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of New Drug Study and Creation for Herbivorous Animal, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Gulimire Abulikemu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of New Drug Study and Creation for Herbivorous Animal, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Lijun Xue
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of New Drug Study and Creation for Herbivorous Animal, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Ayibike Bierdelieke
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of New Drug Study and Creation for Herbivorous Animal, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yuan Xie
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of New Drug Study and Creation for Herbivorous Animal, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Dandan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of New Drug Study and Creation for Herbivorous Animal, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Zhanhai Mai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of New Drug Study and Creation for Herbivorous Animal, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Qingyong Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of New Drug Study and Creation for Herbivorous Animal, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Adelijiang Wusiman
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of New Drug Study and Creation for Herbivorous Animal, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of New Drug Study and Creation for Herbivorous Animal, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Saifuding Abula
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of New Drug Study and Creation for Herbivorous Animal, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
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Yang PJ, Zhao XY, Kou YH, Liu J, Ren XY, Zhang YY, Wang ZD, Ge Z, Yuan WX, Qiu C, Tan B, Liu Q, Shi YN, Jiang YQ, Qiu C, Guo LH, Li JY, Huang XJ, Yu LY. Human amniotic epithelial stem cell is a cell therapy candidate for preventing acute graft-versus-host disease. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024:10.1038/s41401-024-01283-y. [PMID: 38802569 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-024-01283-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), an immunological disorder that arises from donor T cell activation through recognition of host alloantigens, is the major limitation in the application of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Traditional immunosuppressive agents can relieve GVHD, but they induce serious side effects. It is highly required to explore alternative therapeutic strategy. Human amniotic epithelial stem cells (hAESCs) were recently considered as an ideal source for cell therapy with special immune regulatory property. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic role of hAESCs in the treatment of GVHD, based on our previous developed cGMP-grade hAESCs product. Humanized mouse model of acute GVHD (aGVHD) was established by injection of huPBMCs via the tail vein. For prevention or treatment of aGVHD, hAESCs were injected to the mice on day -1 or on day 7 post-PBMC infusion, respectively. We showed that hAESCs infusion significantly alleviated the disease phenotype, increased the survival rate of aGVHD mice, and ameliorated pathological injuries in aGVHD target organs. We demonstrated that hAESCs directly induced CD4+ T cell polarization, in which Th1 and Th17 subsets were downregulated, and Treg subset was elevated. Correspondingly, the levels of a series of pro-inflammatory cytokines were reduced while the levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokines were upregulated in the presence of hAESCs. We found that hAESCs regulated CD4+ subset polarization in a paracrine mode, in which TGFβ and PGE2 were selectively secreted to mediate Treg elevation and Th1/Th17 inhibition, respectively. In addition, transplanted hAESCs preserved the graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect by inhibiting leukemia cell growth. More intriguingly, hAESCs infusion in HSCT patients displayed potential anti-GVHD effect with no safety concerns and confirmed the immunoregulatory mechanisms in the preclinical study. We conclude that hAESCs infusion is a promising therapeutic strategy for post-HSCT GVHD without compromising the GVL effect. The clinical trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT03764228.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Jie Yang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection of College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Zhao
- Peking University Institute of Hematology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Yao-Hui Kou
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection of College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- College of Life Sciences-iCell Biotechnology Regenerative Biomedicine Laboratory, Joint Research Centre for Engineering Biology, Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 314400, China
| | - Jia Liu
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection of College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- College of Life Sciences-iCell Biotechnology Regenerative Biomedicine Laboratory, Joint Research Centre for Engineering Biology, Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 314400, China
| | - Xiang-Yi Ren
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection of College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- College of Life Sciences-iCell Biotechnology Regenerative Biomedicine Laboratory, Joint Research Centre for Engineering Biology, Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 314400, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhang
- Peking University Institute of Hematology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Zhi-Dong Wang
- Peking University Institute of Hematology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Zhen Ge
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, China
| | - Wei-Xin Yuan
- College of Life Sciences-iCell Biotechnology Regenerative Biomedicine Laboratory, Joint Research Centre for Engineering Biology, Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 314400, China
- Shanghai iCELL Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Shanghai, 200335, China
| | - Chen Qiu
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection of College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- College of Life Sciences-iCell Biotechnology Regenerative Biomedicine Laboratory, Joint Research Centre for Engineering Biology, Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 314400, China
| | - Bing Tan
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection of College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- College of Life Sciences-iCell Biotechnology Regenerative Biomedicine Laboratory, Joint Research Centre for Engineering Biology, Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 314400, China
| | - Qin Liu
- Shanghai iCELL Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Shanghai, 200335, China
| | - Yan-Na Shi
- College of Life Sciences-iCell Biotechnology Regenerative Biomedicine Laboratory, Joint Research Centre for Engineering Biology, Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 314400, China
| | - Yuan-Qing Jiang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection of College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- College of Life Sciences-iCell Biotechnology Regenerative Biomedicine Laboratory, Joint Research Centre for Engineering Biology, Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 314400, China
| | - Cong Qiu
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection of College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- College of Life Sciences-iCell Biotechnology Regenerative Biomedicine Laboratory, Joint Research Centre for Engineering Biology, Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 314400, China
| | - Li-He Guo
- Shanghai iCELL Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Shanghai, 200335, China
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Jin-Ying Li
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection of College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- College of Life Sciences-iCell Biotechnology Regenerative Biomedicine Laboratory, Joint Research Centre for Engineering Biology, Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 314400, China.
| | - Xiao-Jun Huang
- Peking University Institute of Hematology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100044, China.
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Lu-Yang Yu
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection of College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- College of Life Sciences-iCell Biotechnology Regenerative Biomedicine Laboratory, Joint Research Centre for Engineering Biology, Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 314400, China.
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Liu Y, Tang S, Feng Y, Xue B, Cheng C, Su Y, Wei W, Zhang L, Huang Z, Shi X, Fang Y, Yang J, Zhang Y, Deng X, Wang L, Ren H, Wang C, Yuan H. Alteration in gut microbiota is associated with immune imbalance in Graves' disease. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1349397. [PMID: 38533382 PMCID: PMC10963416 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1349397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Graves' disease (GD), characterized by immune aberration, is associated with gut dysbiosis. Despite the growing interest, substantial evidence detailing the precise impact of gut microbiota on GD's autoimmune processes remains exceedingly rare. Objective This study was designed to investigate the influence of gut microbiota on immune dysregulation in GD. Methods It encompassed 52 GD patients and 45 healthy controls (HCs), employing flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to examine lymphocyte and cytokine profiles, alongside lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels. Gut microbiota profiles and metabolic features were assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and targeted metabolomics. Results Our observations revealed a disturbed B-cell distribution and elevated LPS and pro-inflammatory cytokines in GD patients compared to HCs. Significant differences in gut microbiota composition and a marked deficit in short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria, including ASV263(Bacteroides), ASV1451(Dialister), and ASV503(Coprococcus), were observed in GD patients. These specific bacteria and SCFAs showed correlations with thyroid autoantibodies, B-cell subsets, and cytokine levels. In vitro studies further showed that LPS notably caused B-cell subsets imbalance, reducing conventional memory B cells while increasing naïve B cells. Additionally, acetate combined with propionate and butyrate showcased immunoregulatory functions, diminishing cytokine production in LPS-stimulated cells. Conclusion Overall, our results highlight the role of gut dysbiosis in contributing to immune dysregulation in GD by affecting lymphocyte status and cytokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalei Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shasha Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yu Feng
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Binghua Xue
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chaofei Cheng
- Stem Cell Research Center, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yong Su
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhoufeng Huang
- Institution of Hematology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoyang Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Fang
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Junpeng Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xinru Deng
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Limin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hongyan Ren
- Shanghai Mobio Biomedical Technology Corporation Limited, Shanghai, China
| | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Huijuan Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Tang YY, Wang DC, Chen YY, Xu WD, Huang AF. Th1-related transcription factors and cytokines in systemic lupus erythematosus. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1305590. [PMID: 38164134 PMCID: PMC10757975 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1305590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an inflammatory disorder related to immunity dysfunction. The Th1 cell family including Th1 cells, transcription factor T-bet, and related cytokines IFNγ, TNFα, IL-2, IL-18, TGF-β, and IL-12 have been widely discussed in autoimmunity, such as SLE. In this review, we will comprehensively discuss the expression profile of the Th1 cell family in both SLE patients and animal models and clarify how the family members are involved in lupus development. Interestingly, T-bet-related age-associated B cells (ABCs) and low-dose IL-2 treatment in lupus were emergently discussed as well. Collection of the evidence will better understand the roles of the Th1 cell family in lupus pathogenesis, especially targeting IL-2 in lupus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Yang Tang
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Da-Cheng Wang
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - You-Yue Chen
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Wang-Dong Xu
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - An-Fang Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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Draelos ZD, Draelos MM, Lin T, Jacobson A. Fixed-combination halobetasol propionate and tazarotene topical lotion decreases TNF-α and IL-17A levels in psoriatic lesions. J DERMATOL TREAT 2023; 34:2245081. [PMID: 37577786 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2023.2245081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fixed-combination halobetasol propionate (0.01%) and tazarotene (0.045%) lotion (HP/TAZ) is approved for the treatment of plaque psoriasis in adults, with a demonstrated efficacy and safety profile in phase 3 trials. This study examined the effect of HP/TAZ on the reduction of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 17 A (IL-17A) and its correlation to psoriasis improvement. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten adults with mild-to-moderate plaque psoriasis and 2 symmetrical plaques self-applied HP/TAZ (treated plaque) or vehicle lotion (untreated plaque) for 12 weeks. At baseline and each study visit (weeks 2, 4, 8, and 12), Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA) score and erythema, scaling, and induration were assessed. Additionally, D-squame tape strips were utilized to quantify TNF-α and IL-17A in target lesions by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Significant improvements in mean IGA score in HP/TAZ-treated compared with untreated plaques were evident at week 2 and maintained through week 12 (p < 0.003). HP/TAZ significantly reduced TNF-α levels at weeks 4 through 12 (p < 0.03) and IL-17A levels at weeks 2 through 8 (p < 0.05) in treated compared with untreated plaques. CONCLUSIONS HP/TAZ was highly effective in treating psoriasis plaques and, although HP/TAZ is not a biologic, effectively reduced cytokine-associated inflammatory markers that drive psoriatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tina Lin
- Ortho Dermatologics (a division of Bausch Health US, LLC), Bridgewater, NJ, USA
| | - Abby Jacobson
- Ortho Dermatologics (a division of Bausch Health US, LLC), Bridgewater, NJ, USA
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8
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Zukowski E, Sannella M, Rockhold JD, Kalantar GH, Yu J, SantaCruz‐Calvo S, Kuhn MK, Hah N, Ouyang L, Wang T, Murphy L, Marszalkowski H, Gibney K, Drummond MJ, Proctor EA, Hasturk H, Nikolajczyk BS, Bharath LP. STAT3 modulates CD4 + T mitochondrial dynamics and function in aging. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e13996. [PMID: 37837188 PMCID: PMC10652300 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging promotes numerous intracellular changes in T cells that impact their effector function. Our data show that aging promotes an increase in the localization of STAT3 to the mitochondria (mitoSTAT3), which promotes changes in mitochondrial dynamics and function and T-cell cytokine production. Mechanistically, mitoSTAT3 increased the activity of aging T-cell mitochondria by increasing complex II. Limiting mitoSTAT3 using a mitochondria-targeted STAT3 inhibitor, Mtcur-1 lowered complex II activity, prevented age-induced changes in mitochondrial dynamics and function, and reduced Th17 inflammation. Exogenous expression of a constitutively phosphorylated form of STAT3 in T cells from young adults mimicked changes in mitochondrial dynamics and function in T cells from older adults and partially recapitulated aging-related cytokine profiles. Our data show the mechanistic link among mitoSTAT3, mitochondrial dynamics, function, and T-cell cytokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emelia Zukowski
- Department of Nutrition and Public HealthMerrimack CollegeNorth AndoverMassachusettsUSA
| | - Marco Sannella
- Department of Nutrition and Public HealthMerrimack CollegeNorth AndoverMassachusettsUSA
| | - Jack Donato Rockhold
- Department of Nutrition and Public HealthMerrimack CollegeNorth AndoverMassachusettsUSA
| | - Gabriella H. Kalantar
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | - Jingting Yu
- Razavi Newman Integrative Genomics and Bioinformatics CoreThe Salk Institute for Biological StudiesLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Sara SantaCruz‐Calvo
- Departments of Pharmacology and Nutritional SciencesUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity CenterUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | - Madison K. Kuhn
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Pharmacology, and Biomedical Engineering and Center for Neural EngineeringPennsylvania State UniversityHersheyPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Nasun Hah
- Next Generation Sequencing CoreThe Salk Institute for Biological StudiesLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Ling Ouyang
- Next Generation Sequencing CoreThe Salk Institute for Biological StudiesLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Tzu‐Wen Wang
- Next Generation Sequencing CoreThe Salk Institute for Biological StudiesLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Lyanne Murphy
- Department of BiologyMerrimack CollegeNorth AndoverMassachusettsUSA
| | | | - Kaleigh Gibney
- Department of Nutrition and Public HealthMerrimack CollegeNorth AndoverMassachusettsUSA
| | - Micah J. Drummond
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic TrainingUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - Elizabeth A. Proctor
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Pharmacology, and Biomedical Engineering and Center for Neural EngineeringPennsylvania State UniversityHersheyPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of Engineering Science & MechanicsPennsylvania State UniversityHersheyPennsylvaniaUSA
| | | | - Barbara S. Nikolajczyk
- Departments of Pharmacology and Nutritional SciencesUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity CenterUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | - Leena P. Bharath
- Department of Nutrition and Public HealthMerrimack CollegeNorth AndoverMassachusettsUSA
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9
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Kim S, Park Y, Kim J, Kim S, Choi K, Kang T, Lee I, Lim YT, Um SH, Kim C. ProLonged Liposomal Delivery of TLR7/8 Agonist for Enhanced Cancer Vaccine. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1503. [PMID: 37766179 PMCID: PMC10538091 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11091503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite numerous studies on cancer treatment, cancer remains a challenging disease to cure, even after decades of research. In recent years, the cancer vaccine has emerged as a promising approach for cancer treatment, offering few unexpected side effects compared to existing therapies. However, the cancer vaccine faces obstacles to commercialization due to its low efficacy. Particularly, the Toll-like receptor (TLR) adjuvant system, specifically the TLR 7/8 agonist, has shown potential for activating Th1 immunity, which stimulates both innate and adaptive immune responses through T cells. In this study, we developed ProLNG-S, a cholesterol-conjugated form of resiquimod (R848), to enhance immune efficacy by stimulating the immune system and reducing toxicity. ProLNG-S was formulated as ProLNG-001, a positively charged liposome, and co-administered with ovalbumin (OVA) protein in the B16-OVA model. ProLNG-001 effectively targeted secondary lymphoid organs, resulting in a robust systemic anti-tumor immune response and tumor-specific T cell activation. Consequently, ProLNG-001 demonstrated potential for preventing tumor progression and improving survival compared to AS01 by enhancing anti-tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehui Kim
- Progeneer, 12 Digital-ro 31-gil, Guro-gu, Seoul 08380, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (Y.P.); (J.K.); (S.K.); (K.C.); (T.K.); (I.L.); (S.H.U.)
- SKKU Advanced Institute of NanoTechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yeji Park
- Progeneer, 12 Digital-ro 31-gil, Guro-gu, Seoul 08380, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (Y.P.); (J.K.); (S.K.); (K.C.); (T.K.); (I.L.); (S.H.U.)
- SKKU Advanced Institute of NanoTechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jeonghun Kim
- Progeneer, 12 Digital-ro 31-gil, Guro-gu, Seoul 08380, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (Y.P.); (J.K.); (S.K.); (K.C.); (T.K.); (I.L.); (S.H.U.)
| | - Sohyun Kim
- Progeneer, 12 Digital-ro 31-gil, Guro-gu, Seoul 08380, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (Y.P.); (J.K.); (S.K.); (K.C.); (T.K.); (I.L.); (S.H.U.)
| | - Kyungmin Choi
- Progeneer, 12 Digital-ro 31-gil, Guro-gu, Seoul 08380, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (Y.P.); (J.K.); (S.K.); (K.C.); (T.K.); (I.L.); (S.H.U.)
| | - Taegyun Kang
- Progeneer, 12 Digital-ro 31-gil, Guro-gu, Seoul 08380, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (Y.P.); (J.K.); (S.K.); (K.C.); (T.K.); (I.L.); (S.H.U.)
| | - Inho Lee
- Progeneer, 12 Digital-ro 31-gil, Guro-gu, Seoul 08380, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (Y.P.); (J.K.); (S.K.); (K.C.); (T.K.); (I.L.); (S.H.U.)
| | - Yong Taik Lim
- SKKU Advanced Institute of NanoTechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea;
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nano Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nano Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Soong Ho Um
- Progeneer, 12 Digital-ro 31-gil, Guro-gu, Seoul 08380, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (Y.P.); (J.K.); (S.K.); (K.C.); (T.K.); (I.L.); (S.H.U.)
- SKKU Advanced Institute of NanoTechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea;
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Quantum Biophysics (IQB), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Kim
- Progeneer, 12 Digital-ro 31-gil, Guro-gu, Seoul 08380, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (Y.P.); (J.K.); (S.K.); (K.C.); (T.K.); (I.L.); (S.H.U.)
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10
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Alshevskaya A, Zhukova J, Lopatnikova J, Shkaruba N, Chumasova O, Sizikov A, Demina D, Nepomniashchikh V, Gladkikh V, Sennikov S. Parameters of TNF receptor co-expression in allergic and autoimmune processes: Differences and diagnostic significance. J Immunol Methods 2023; 520:113525. [PMID: 37467883 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2023.113525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
The authors used a method quantitative estimation density of TNFR1/TNFR2 on cells by flow cytometry with calibration particles, which allowed them to estimate the absolute number of receptors on cells regardless of the type of flow cytometer. The TNF receptor expression parameters were used to determine their association with the fact of disease and to build diagnostic models. The proposed methodological approach using a combination of flow cytometry and mathematical modeling techniques represents a promising direction for testing the diagnostic and prognostic significance of the studied biomarkers. The multifactorial regression analysis constructed on the basis of this approach made it possible to refine and supplement diagnostic schemes for determining the probability of rheumatoid arthritis and bronchial asthma in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Alshevskaya
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, "Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology" (RIFCI), 630099 Novosibirsk, Yadrintsevskaya str., 14, Russia
| | - Julia Zhukova
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, "Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology" (RIFCI), 630099 Novosibirsk, Yadrintsevskaya str., 14, Russia
| | - Julia Lopatnikova
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, "Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology" (RIFCI), 630099 Novosibirsk, Yadrintsevskaya str., 14, Russia
| | - Nadezhda Shkaruba
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, "Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology" (RIFCI), 630099 Novosibirsk, Yadrintsevskaya str., 14, Russia
| | - Oksana Chumasova
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, "Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology" (RIFCI), 630099 Novosibirsk, Yadrintsevskaya str., 14, Russia
| | - Alexey Sizikov
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, "Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology" (RIFCI), 630099 Novosibirsk, Yadrintsevskaya str., 14, Russia
| | - Daria Demina
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, "Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology" (RIFCI), 630099 Novosibirsk, Yadrintsevskaya str., 14, Russia
| | - Vera Nepomniashchikh
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, "Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology" (RIFCI), 630099 Novosibirsk, Yadrintsevskaya str., 14, Russia
| | - Viktor Gladkikh
- Novosibirsk State University (NSU), 630090, 1, Pirogova str., Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Sergey Sennikov
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, "Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology" (RIFCI), 630099 Novosibirsk, Yadrintsevskaya str., 14, Russia.
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11
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Van Acker MM, Schwartz RR, Andrews K, Seiffert-Sinha K, Sinha AA. Inheritance-Specific Dysregulation of Th1- and Th17-Associated Cytokines in Alopecia Areata. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1285. [PMID: 37759685 PMCID: PMC10527519 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases tend to cluster in families, suggesting genetic predisposition to autoimmunity associated with familial background. We have previously reported similarities in gene expression patterns and PTPN22 polymorphisms between alopecia areata (AA) patients and their healthy relatives, but not unrelated healthy controls. However, the spectrum of disease promoting (or preventing) pathways that may be activated in blood relatives of AA patients remains to be defined. Here, we investigated the extent to which cytokines associated with the Th1 and Th17 pathway are differentially expressed in the blood of patients with AA and its clinical subtypes in comparison to both healthy relatives as well as unrelated healthy controls. A comprehensive set of Th1- and Th17-related cytokines were evaluated by ELISA. We found a significant elevation of the Th17 inducer IL-23, the Th17 product IL-17A, the Th1 hallmark cytokine IFNγ, and TNFα, a Th1 cytokine with relevance to the Th17 pathway in AA patients, regardless of disease subtype, compared to healthy individuals. On further examination, we found that healthy family members grouped together with patients in terms of elevated Th1- and Th17-pathway cytokines in an inheritance-specific manner, distinct from unrelated controls. The elevation of Th17-associated cytokines in healthy controls related to AA patients indicates that Th1 and Th17 dysregulation in AA may be genetically based. Of note, one unrelated control displayed elevated levels of IL-17A and IL-23 similar to those detected in patients. One year after initial blood draw, areas of beard hair loss consistent with the diagnosis of AA were reported by this individual, indicating that the elevation in Th17-related cytokines may have predictive value.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Animesh A. Sinha
- Department of Dermatology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
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12
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Muth KN, Rech J, Losch FO, Hoerning A. Reversing the Inflammatory Process-25 Years of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Inhibitors. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5039. [PMID: 37568441 PMCID: PMC10419406 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12155039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, peripheral and/or axial spondyloarthritis, Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis, are characterized by molecular and cellular changes in the immune system. Due to the systemic nature of these diseases, organs such as the liver or cardiovascular system are often affected by the inflammatory process. Tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitor therapy reduces the activation of pro-inflammatory signaling cascades, mitigates the chronic inflammatory process by restoring cellular balance, and alleviates clinical consequences, such as pain and tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juergen Rech
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - André Hoerning
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Clinic for Children and Adolescent Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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