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Duan Y, Wang S, Xu T, Bian H, Dai H. The Effect of Fibrillation, Semi-Dry Pressing, and Surface Treatment on the Barrier Properties of Water Molecules and Oxygen on Food Packaging Paper. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1892. [PMID: 39000747 PMCID: PMC11243852 DOI: 10.3390/polym16131892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The characteristics of fiber morphology and paper structure are critical to the barrier properties of food packaging paper. Herein, this study aimed to use pulp fibrillation, paper semi-dry pressing and carboxymethyl starch (CMS) coating to flatten the fibers, which were formed on the paper surface with good barrier properties due to the tight bond between fibers. The results showed that the permeability of paper was reduced by 87.56%, from 81.44 μm/Pa·s to 10.13 μm/Pa·s after the pulp fibrillation treatment (60 °SR). Moreover, semi-dry pressing treatment contributed to decreasing the water vapor transmission coefficient (WVP) by 50.98% to 2.74 × 10-10 g/m·s·Pa, and the oxygen permeation coefficient (OP) decreased by 98.04% to 1.93 × 10-14 cm3·cm/cm2·s·Pa. After coating the paper surface with titanium dioxide (TiO2) and CMS, the WVP of the paper was further reduced to 1.55 × 10-10 g/m·s·Pa, and OP was reduced to 0.19 × 10-14 cm3·cm/cm2·s·Pa. These values were 72.27% and 99.8% lower than those of the original paper, respectively. Therefore, through pulp fibrillation, semi-dry pressing of paper, TiO2 filling, and surface coating with CMS, there is no need to use synthetic polymer surface film-forming agents to achieve the high barrier properties that are required for low water and oxygen molecules permeation in food packaging paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Duan
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Shumei Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Tingting Xu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Huiyang Bian
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Hongqi Dai
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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Xiao Y, Wang L, Zhang X, Ren Y, Wang J, Niu B, Li W. Preparation and Characterization of Silica-Coated Sodium Alginate Hydrogel Beads and the Delivery of Curcumin. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2024:1-17. [PMID: 38953307 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2024.2368957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
In this study, to address the defects of sodium alginate (SA), such as its susceptibility to disintegration, silica was coated on the outer layer of sodium alginate hydrogel beads in order to improve its swelling and slow-release properties. Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) was used as the hydrolyzed precursor, and the solution of silica precursor was prepared by sol-gel reaction under acidic conditions. Then SA-silica hydrogel beads prepared by ionic crosslinking method were immersed into the SiO2 precursor solution to prepare SA-silica hydrogel beads. The chemical structure and morphology of the hydrogel beads were characterized by XRD, FTIR, and SEM, and the results showed that the surface of SA-silica beads was successfully encapsulated with the outer layer of SiO2, and the surface was smooth and dense. The swelling experiments showed that the swelling performance effectively decreased with the increase of TEOS molar concentration, and the maximum swelling ratio of the hydrogel beads decreased from 41.07 to 14.3, and the time to reach the maximum swelling ratio was prolonged from 4 h to 8 h. The sustained-release experiments showed that the SA-silica hydrogel beads possessed a good pH sensitivity, and the time of sustained-release was significantly prolonged in vitro. Hemolysis and cytotoxicity experiments showed that the SA-silica hydrogel beads were biocompatible when the TEOS molar concentration was lower than 0.375 M. The SA-silica-2 hydrogel beads had good biocompatibility, swelling properties, and slow-release properties at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xiao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Taiyuan University of Technology, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, PR China
| | - Lu Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Taiyuan University of Technology, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, PR China
| | - Xueze Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Taiyuan University of Technology, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, PR China
| | - Yi Ren
- First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, PR China
| | | | - Baolong Niu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Taiyuan University of Technology, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, PR China
| | - Wenfeng Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Taiyuan University of Technology, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, PR China
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Vrabič-Brodnjak U. Hybrid Materials of Bio-Based Aerogels for Sustainable Packaging Solutions. Gels 2023; 10:27. [PMID: 38247750 PMCID: PMC10815338 DOI: 10.3390/gels10010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
This review explores the field of hybrid materials in the context of bio-based aerogels for the development of sustainable packaging solutions. Increasing global concern over environmental degradation and the growing demand for environmentally friendly alternatives to conventional packaging materials have led to a growing interest in the synthesis and application of bio-based aerogels. These aerogels, which are derived from renewable resources such as biopolymers and biomass, have unique properties such as a lightweight structure, excellent thermal insulation, and biodegradability. The manuscript addresses the innovative integration of bio-based aerogels with various other materials such as nanoparticles, polymers, and additives to improve their mechanical, barrier, and functional properties for packaging applications. It critically analyzes recent advances in hybridization strategies and highlights their impact on the overall performance and sustainability of packaging materials. In addition, the article identifies the key challenges and future prospects associated with the development and commercialization of hybrid bio-based aerogel packaging materials. The synthesis of this knowledge is intended to contribute to ongoing efforts to create environmentally friendly alternatives that address the current problems associated with conventional packaging while promoting a deeper understanding of the potential of hybrid materials for sustainable packaging solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urška Vrabič-Brodnjak
- Department of Textiles, Graphic Arts and Design, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Snežniška 5, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Xu K, Xie H, Sun C, Lin W, You Z, Zheng G, Zheng X, Xu Y, Chen J, Lin F. Sustainable Coating Based on Zwitterionic Functionalized Polyurushiol with Antifouling and Antibacterial Properties. Molecules 2023; 28:8040. [PMID: 38138530 PMCID: PMC10746087 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28248040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Zwitterionic polymer coatings facilitate the formation of hydration layers via electrostatic interactions on their surfaces and have demonstrated efficacy in preventing biofouling. They have emerged as a promising class of marine antifouling materials. However, designing multifunctional, environmentally friendly, and natural products-derived zwitterionic polymer coatings that simultaneously resist biofouling, inhibit protein adhesion, exhibit strong antibacterial properties, and reduce algal adhesion is a significant challenge. This study employed two diisocyanates as crosslinkers and natural urushiol and ethanolamine as raw materials. The coupling reaction of diisocyanates with hydroxyl groups was employed to synthesize urushiol-based precursors. Subsequently, sulfobetaine moieties were introduced into the urushiol-based precursors, developing two environmentally friendly and high-performance zwitterionic-functionalized polyurushiol antifouling coatings, denoted as HUDM-SB and IPUDM-SB. The sulfobetaine-functionalized polyurushiol coating exhibited significantly enhanced hydrophilicity, with the static water contact angle reduced to less than 60°, and demonstrated excellent resistance to protein adhesion. IPUDM-SB exhibited antibacterial efficacy up to 99.9% against common Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli and V. alginolyticus) and Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus and Bacillus. sp.). HUDM-SB achieved antibacterial efficacy exceeding 95.0% against four bacterial species. Furthermore, the sulfobetaine moieties on the surfaces of the IPUDM-SB and HUDM-SB coatings effectively inhibited the growth and reproduction of algal cells by preventing microalgae adhesion. This zwitterionic-functionalized polyurushiol coating does not contain antifouling agents, making it a green, environmentally friendly, and high-performance biomaterial-based solution for marine antifouling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jipeng Chen
- Fujian Engineering and Research Center of New Chinese Lacquer Materials, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (K.X.); (H.X.); (C.S.); (W.L.); (Z.Y.); (G.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.X.)
| | - Fengcai Lin
- Fujian Engineering and Research Center of New Chinese Lacquer Materials, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (K.X.); (H.X.); (C.S.); (W.L.); (Z.Y.); (G.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.X.)
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Shi K, Liu G, Sun H, Yang B, Weng Y. Grafting Polymerization of Long-Chain Hydrophobic Acrylic Monomer onto Lignin and Its Application in Poly(Lactic Acid)-Based Wholly Green UV Barrier Composite Films. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:26926-26937. [PMID: 37546664 PMCID: PMC10399159 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
The development of low-cost and high-performance bio-based composites derived from forestry waste lignin and polylactic acid has emerged as a topic of central attention. However, the weak compatibility between lignin and polylactic acid often resulted in high brittleness of the composites. Graft copolymerization is not only the most effective way to modify lignin but also can significantly improve the compatibility of lignin and polylactic acid. In this study, bio-based monomer lauryl methacrylate was grafted onto lignin by feasible radical polymerization to prepare lignin graft copolymers with excellent thermal stability and hydrophobicity, which are expected to improve the compatibility with polylactic acid. Wholly bio-based composites were prepared by compounding this graft copolymer with polylactic acid. The results showed that the crystallization ability of the composite was improved, and the highest crystallinity was increased from 6.42% to 17.46%. With addition of LG-g-PLMA lower than 9%, the thermal stability of the composites was slightly improved. At 5% copolymer addition, the elongation at break and tensile toughness of the composites increased by 42% and 36%, respectively. Observation of the frozen fracture surface of the composite by SEM found that wire drawing and ductile deformation appeared when a small amount of LG-g-PLMA was added. The thus prepared composites also showed excellent UV barrier properties. This approach provides a new idea for the high-value application of lignin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Shi
- College
of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Guoshuai Liu
- College
of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Hui Sun
- College
of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety
of Plastics, Beijing Technology and Business
University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Biao Yang
- College
of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yunxuan Weng
- College
of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety
of Plastics, Beijing Technology and Business
University, Beijing 100048, China
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Shi K, Liu G, Sun H, Weng Y. Polylactic Acid/Lignin Composites: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2807. [PMID: 37447453 DOI: 10.3390/polym15132807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
With the gradual depletion of petroleum resources and the increasing global awareness of environmental protection, biodegradable plastics are receiving more and more attention as a green substitute for traditional petroleum-based plastics. Poly (lactic acid) is considered to be the most promising biodegradable material because of its excellent biodegradability, biocompatibility, and good processability. However, the brittleness and high cost limit its application in more fields. Lignin, as the second largest renewable biopolymer in nature after cellulose, is not only rich in reserves and low in cost, but it also has an excellent UV barrier, antioxidant activity, and rigidity. The molecular structure of lignin contains a large number of functional groups, which are easy to endow with new functions by chemical modification. Currently, lignin is mostly treated as waste in industry, and the value-added utilization is insufficient. The combination of lignin and poly (lactic acid) can on the one hand solve the problems of the high cost of PLA and less efficient utilization of lignin; on the other hand, the utilization of lignocellulosic biomass in compounding with biodegradable synthetic polymers is expected to afford high-performance wholly green polymer composites. This mini-review summarizes the latest research achievements of poly (lactic acid)/lignin composites. Emphasis was put on the influence of lignin on the mechanical properties of its composite with poly (lactic acid), as well as the compatibility of the two components. Future research on these green composites is also prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Shi
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Guoshuai Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Hui Sun
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety of Plastics, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yunxuan Weng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety of Plastics, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
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Zhou H, Li Q, Zhang Z, Wang X, Niu H. Recent Advances in Superhydrophobic and Antibacterial Cellulose-Based Fibers and Fabrics: Bio-inspiration, Strategies, and Applications. ADVANCED FIBER MATERIALS 2023:1-37. [PMID: 37361104 PMCID: PMC10201051 DOI: 10.1007/s42765-023-00297-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose-based fabrics are ubiquitous in our daily lives. They are the preferred choice for bedding materials, active sportswear, and next-to-skin apparels. However, the hydrophilic and polysaccharide characteristics of cellulose materials make them vulnerable to bacterial attack and pathogen infection. The design of antibacterial cellulose fabrics has been a long-term and on-going effort. Fabrication strategies based on the construction of surface micro-/nanostructure, chemical modification, and the application of antibacterial agents have been extensively investigated by many research groups worldwide. This review systematically discusses recent research on super-hydrophobic and antibacterial cellulose fabrics, focusing on morphology construction and surface modification. First, natural surfaces showing liquid-repellent and antibacterial properties are introduced and the mechanisms behind are explained. Then, the strategies for fabricating super-hydrophobic cellulose fabrics are summarized, and the contribution of the liquid-repellent function to reducing the adhesion of live bacteria and removing dead bacteria is elucidated. Representative studies on cellulose fabrics functionalized with super-hydrophobic and antibacterial properties are discussed in detail, and their potential applications are also introduced. Finally, the challenges in achieving super-hydrophobic antibacterial cellulose fabrics are discussed, and the future research direction in this area is proposed. Graphical Abstract The figure summarizes the natural surfaces and the main fabrication strategies of superhydrophobic antibacterial cellulose fabrics and their potential applications. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42765-023-00297-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhou
- College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Textiles of Shandong Province and the Ministry of Education Collaborative, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071 China
| | - Qingshuo Li
- College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Textiles of Shandong Province and the Ministry of Education Collaborative, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071 China
| | - Zhong Zhang
- College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Textiles of Shandong Province and the Ministry of Education Collaborative, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071 China
| | - Xungai Wang
- JC STEM Lab of Sustainable Fibers and Textiles, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Haitao Niu
- College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Textiles of Shandong Province and the Ministry of Education Collaborative, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071 China
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Mohd Aref Y, Othaman R, Anuar FH, Ku Ahmad KZ, Baharum A. Superhydrophobic Modification of Sansevieria trifasciata Natural Fibres: A Promising Reinforcement for Wood Plastic Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030594. [PMID: 36771895 PMCID: PMC9920064 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Sansevieria trifasciata fibre (STF) is a lignocellulosic material which could be utilised for reinforcement composites. Surface modification is often needed to improve the compatibility of hydrophilic STF and hydrophobic resin. In this study, treatments for natural fibres to attain superhydrophobic properties were carried out using silica nanoparticles and fluorosilane. Sansevieria trifasciata fibres (STF) were subjected to treatment by deposition of silica (SiO2) nanoparticles which were prepared by the sol-gel method, then followed by modification with fluorosilane, namely 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane (PFOTS). The presence of SiO2 nanoparticles and PFOTS were evaluated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). The crystallisation properties and thermal behaviour of STF were studied through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis, respectively. The hydrophobicity of STF was determined by water contact angle (WCA) measurement. The results show that nanoscale SiO2 particles were deposited on the STF surface, and PFOTS were covalently linked to them. The SiO2 nanoparticles provide surface roughness to the fibres, whereas the long-chain fluorine on PFOTS lowered the surface free energy, and their combination in these treatments has successfully modified the STF surface from hydrophilic into superhydrophobic with a WCA of 150° and sliding angle of less than 10°. Altogether, a non-toxic, simple, and promising method of imparting hydrophobicity on natural fibres was developed, opening new opportunities for these fibres as reinforcement for composite parts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzur Mohd Aref
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
| | - Rizafizah Othaman
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
- Polymer Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
| | - Farah Hannan Anuar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
- Polymer Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
| | - Ku Zarina Ku Ahmad
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Azizah Baharum
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
- Polymer Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
- Correspondence:
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